華為光傳送網(wǎng)(OTN)G.709培訓(xùn)教材

光傳送網(wǎng)(OTN)G.709培訓(xùn)資料OTN培訓(xùn)資料目錄OTN基本原理OTN網(wǎng)絡(luò)層次劃分OTN多級(jí)連接監(jiān)視OTN信號(hào)結(jié)構(gòu)OTN維護(hù)管理信號(hào)OTN客戶數(shù)據(jù)映射OTN復(fù)用過程OTN虛級(jí)聯(lián)OTNOverSDHOTN標(biāo)準(zhǔn)目錄OTN基本原理OTN網(wǎng)絡(luò)層次劃分OTN多級(jí)連接監(jiān)視OTM信號(hào)結(jié)構(gòu)OTN維護(hù)管理信號(hào)OTN客戶數(shù)據(jù)映射OTN復(fù)用過程OTN虛級(jí)聯(lián)OTNOverSDHOTN標(biāo)準(zhǔn)OTN特點(diǎn)OTN的網(wǎng)絡(luò)定位和演進(jìn)OTN特點(diǎn)OTN是一種全新的傳送網(wǎng)絡(luò)體制（OTH，OpticalTransportHierarchy）滿足數(shù)據(jù)帶寬爆炸性的增長(zhǎng)需求；通過波分功能滿足每光纖Tb/s傳送帶寬需求；提供2.7Gb/s、10.7Gb/s乃至43Gb/s高速接口；透明傳送各種客戶數(shù)據(jù)，如SDH/SONET、以太網(wǎng)、ATM、IP、MPLS、甚至OTN信號(hào)自身（ODUk）；提供獨(dú)立于客戶信號(hào)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)監(jiān)視和管理能力，有效解決國(guó)際以及運(yùn)營(yíng)商之間網(wǎng)絡(luò)爭(zhēng)端問題；提供多級(jí)嵌套重疊的TCM連接監(jiān)視；支持靈活的網(wǎng)絡(luò)調(diào)度能力和組網(wǎng)保護(hù)能力；滿足未來骨干網(wǎng)節(jié)點(diǎn)的Tb/s以上的大容量調(diào)度；具有與SDH/SONET同樣的健壯性，對(duì)于SDH信號(hào)完全的透?jìng)髂芰?，包括SDH開銷和定時(shí)；支持虛級(jí)聯(lián)傳送方式，以完善和優(yōu)化網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)；后向兼容能力：使運(yùn)營(yíng)商充分利用現(xiàn)有網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源；前向兼容能力：提供對(duì)未來各種協(xié)議的高度適應(yīng)能力（完全透明）；提供強(qiáng)大的帶外FEC功能，有效的保證了線路傳送性能。OTN的網(wǎng)絡(luò)定位和演進(jìn)OTN的技術(shù)特性：完善的性能監(jiān)視、帶外FEC、大容量、粗顆粒的調(diào)度，適合骨干網(wǎng)絡(luò)的應(yīng)用；可擴(kuò)展的容量很大，最適合組骨干的MESH網(wǎng)絡(luò)；從未來的理想情況，傳送網(wǎng)絡(luò)應(yīng)該是全OTN的網(wǎng)絡(luò)；從近期來看，各廠家主要利用OTN技術(shù)來改造DWDM或改造OCS。目錄OTN基本原理OTN網(wǎng)絡(luò)層次劃分OTN多級(jí)連接監(jiān)視OTM信號(hào)結(jié)構(gòu)OTN維護(hù)管理信號(hào)OTN客戶數(shù)據(jù)映射OTN復(fù)用過程OTN虛級(jí)聯(lián)OTNOverSDHOTN標(biāo)準(zhǔn)OTN層次結(jié)構(gòu)及接口OTN結(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)聯(lián)關(guān)系OTN網(wǎng)絡(luò)分段管理OTN接口OTN層次結(jié)構(gòu)及接口OPUk：OpticalChannelPayloadUnit-kOPUkODUk（ODUkP、ODUkT）OTUkOTUkVOTUkOTUkVOChOChrOMSnOTSnOPSnOTM-0.mOTM-nr.m,ReducedfunctionalityOTMinterfaceOTM-n.mFullfunctionalityOTMinterfaceIP/MPLSATMETHERNETSTM-NOTNODUkODUk：OpticalChannelDataUnit-kOTUk：completestandardizeOpticalChannelTransportUnit-kOTUkV：functionalitystandardizeOpticalChannelTransportUnit-kOCh：OpticalChannelwithfullfunctionalityOChr：OpticalChannelwithreducedfunctionalityOMS：OpticalMultiplexSectionOTM：OpticalTransportModuleOTS：OpticalTransportSectionClient：e.g.IP,ATM,Ethernet,STM-NOPS：OpticalPhysicalSectionOPSnOTUkOpticalChannel(OCh)OpticalChannelCarrier(OCC)OCCOCCOCCClientODUkFECOHOChTransportUnit(OTUk)OPUkOHOChDataUnit(ODUk)ClientOHOChPayloadUnit(OPUk)WrapperAssociatedoverheadOTN結(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)聯(lián)關(guān)系OPS0OpticalPhysicalSectionOTMOverheadSignalOpticalSupervisoryChannelOSCOOSOSCOHOHOHNon-associatedoverheadOMSnOTSnOpticalMultiplexSectionOpticalTransmissionSectionOTM-nr.m：n波分，無OSCOTM-0.mOTM-n.m：n波分，OSCOTN網(wǎng)絡(luò)分段管理以下是OTSn,OMSn,OCh,OTUk,ODUk,OPS0分段管理的例子通過OTM-0.m、OTM-n.m和STM-N線路傳送客戶信號(hào)DXC3R3R3ROTSnOTSnOTSnOTSnOTSnOMSnOMSnOMSnSTM-NODUkClientClient3RDXCOPS0OSnOTM-0.mOTM-n.mSTM-NODXCOCADMLTRRLTLT：LineTerminalw/opticalchannelmultiplexingOCADM：OpticalChannelAdd/DropMultiplexerODXC：ODUCross-Connect3R：O/E/Ow/Reamplification,Reshaping&RetimingandmonitoringR：RepeaterOCh,OTUkOCh,OTUkOCh,OTUkOTN接口用戶網(wǎng)絡(luò)接口：UsertoNetworkInterface(UNI)網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點(diǎn)接口：NetworkNodeInterface(NNI)域間接口：InterDomainInterface(IrDI)域內(nèi)接口：IntraDomainInterface(IaDI)不同廠家設(shè)備間接口－betweenequipmentofdifferentvendors(IrVI)相同廠家子網(wǎng)內(nèi)接口－withinsubnetworkofonevendor(IaVI)OTMUNIOTMNNIIaDI-IrVIOTMNNIIaDI-IaVIOTMNNIIaDI-IaVINetworkOperatorBVendorXVendorYOTMNNIIrDINetworkOperatorCUSERA目錄OTN基本原理OTN網(wǎng)絡(luò)層次劃分OTN多級(jí)連接監(jiān)視OTM信號(hào)結(jié)構(gòu)OTN維護(hù)管理信號(hào)OTN客戶數(shù)據(jù)映射OTN復(fù)用過程OTN虛級(jí)聯(lián)OTNOverSDHOTN標(biāo)準(zhǔn)多級(jí)TCM應(yīng)用多級(jí)TCM嵌套多級(jí)TCM重疊多級(jí)TCM應(yīng)用NOANOBNOCUSR1USR2ODUkODUkPathCMVerifyQoSCMUNI-UNICMNNI-NNICMWorkingProtectionW/PCMClientSignalClientSignalQoSofclientsignaltransportismonitoredbyUserQoSofprovidedleasedcircuitismonitoredbyServiceProviderQoSofprovidedleasedcircuitismonitoredbyNetworkOperatorQoSprovidedbyleasedcircuitismonitoredbyUserStatusofworking[protection]connectionismonitoredforSFandSDswitchconditionsODUkswitchedcircuit:UNI-UNICMtoinitiate"connectionre-establishment"多級(jí)TCM嵌套多級(jí)TCM嵌套和重疊目錄OTN基本原理OTN網(wǎng)絡(luò)層次劃分OTN多級(jí)連接監(jiān)視OTM信號(hào)結(jié)構(gòu)OTN維護(hù)管理信號(hào)OTN客戶數(shù)據(jù)映射OTN復(fù)用過程OTN虛級(jí)聯(lián)OTNOverSDHOTN標(biāo)準(zhǔn)OTM接口信號(hào)OTM-16r.mOTM-0.mOTM-n.mOTM開銷信號(hào)OTUk/ODUk幀結(jié)構(gòu)OTUk/ODUk開銷OTM-16r.m

信號(hào)(m=1,2,3,12,23,123)16波波分傳送通道，200GHz固定間隔，與信號(hào)速率無關(guān)

(2G5,10G,40G)光口參數(shù)符合ITU-TG.959.1建議信號(hào)速率和幀格式符合ITU-TG.709建議無光監(jiān)控信道（OpticalSupervisoryChannel,OSC)OTM-0.mSignal(m=1,2,3)單通道信號(hào)，黑白光口（1310nm或1550nm）光口參數(shù)符合ITU-TG.959.1建議信號(hào)速率和幀格式符合ITU-TG.709建議無光監(jiān)控信道（OpticalSupervisoryChannel,OSC)OTM-n.mSignal

(m=1,2,3,12,23,123)N波波分傳送通道，固定信道間隔，與信號(hào)速率無關(guān)1路獨(dú)立的光監(jiān)控信道(OSC)用于傳送OTM開銷信號(hào)(OOS)OTM開銷信號(hào)包括OTS、OMS、OCh開銷以及通用管理信息等

3OTM開銷信號(hào)(OOS)BDI:BackwardDefectIndicationFDI-O:ForwardDefectIndication-OverheadFDI-P:ForwardDefectIndication-PayloadOCI:OpenConnectionIndicationPMI:PayloadMissingIndicationTTI:TrailTraceIdentifierOOS功能符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求OOS速率和格式無標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求Non-AssociatedoverheadOTSnn32OCh1GeneralManagementCommunicationsVendorSpecificOMSnFDI-OFDI-POCIOChOH將來可擴(kuò)展支持OCh保護(hù)功能，例如OChSPRingBDI-OBDI-PPMIFDI-PFDI-OBDI-OBDI-PPMITTIOTUk/ODUk

幀格式

(k=1,2,3)382540801781415161738241234OPUkPayloadOPUkOHOPUk－光通道凈荷單元ODUkODUk－光通道數(shù)據(jù)單元ClientSignalmappedinOPUkPayloadClientSignal－客戶信號(hào)OTUkFECOTUkOHOTUk－光通道傳送單元Alignm幀定界K代表速率級(jí)別:12.5G210G340GOTUkbitrate:255/(239-k)*"STM-N"ODUkbitrate:239/(239-k)*"STM-N"OTUk/ODUk/OPUk

開銷(k=1,2,3)AlignmOPUkPayloadOPUkOHODUkOTUkOHPSIEXPTCMACTTCM5TCM4TCM3TCM2TCM1TCM6GCC1GCC2FTFLPMRESRESAPS/PCCSMRESGCC0FASMFASMapping&ConcatSpecificMapping&ConcatSpecific25501PTTTIBIP-812345678123PM12345678BEIBDISTAT12345678TCMiSTATTTIBIP-81234567812312345678BEI/BIAEBDI12345678MFAS:MultiFrameAlignmentSignalPCC:ProtectionCommunicationControlchannelPM:PathMonitoringPSI:PayloadStructureIdentifierRES:ReservedforfutureinternationalstandardisationSM:SectionMonitoringTCM:TandemConnectionMonitoringACT:Activation/deactivationcontrolchannelAPS:AutomaticProtectionSwichingcoordinationchannelEXP:ExperimentalFAS:FrameAlignmentSignalFTFL:FaultType&FaultLocationreportingchannelGCC:GeneralCommunicationChannelOTUk/ODUk/OPUk速率

(k=1,2,3)OTUtypeOTUnominalbitrateOTUbitratetoleranceOTU1255/238

2488320kbit/s±20ppmOTU2255/237

9953280kbit/sOTU3255/236

39813120kbit/sNOTE

–ThenominalOTUkratesareapproximately:2666057.143kbit/s(OTU1),10

709225.316kbit/s(OTU2)and43018413.559kbit/s(OTU3).ODUtypeODUnominalbitrateODUbitratetoleranceODU1239/238

2488320kbit/s±20ppmODU2239/237

9953280kbit/sODU3239/236

39813120kbit/sNOTE

–ThenominalODUkratesareapproximately:2498775.126kbit/s(ODU1),10

037

273.924kbit/s(ODU2)and40319218.983kbit/s(ODU3).ODUkbitrate:239/(239-k)*“STM-N”O(jiān)TUkbitrate:255/(239-k)*“STM-N”O(jiān)PUtypeOPUPayloadnominalbitrateOPUPayloadbitratetoleranceOPU12488320kbit/s±20ppmOPU2238/237

9953280kbit/sOPU3238/236

39813120kbit/sOPU1-XvX*2488320kbit/s±20ppmOPU2-XvX*238/237*9953280kbit/sOPU3-XvX*238/236*39813120kbit/sNOTE

–ThenominalOPUkPayloadratesareapproximately:2488320.000kbit/s(OPU1Payload),9

995

276.962

kbit/s(OPU2Payload)and40150519.322kbit/s(OPU3Payload).ThenominalOPUk-XvPayloadratesareapproximately:X*2488320.000kbit/s(OPU1-XvPayload),X*9995276.962kbit/s(OPU2-XvPayload)andX*40150519.322kbit/s(OPU3-XvPayload).OPUkPayloadbitrate:238/(239-k)*“STM-N”O(jiān)TUk/ODUk開銷

(k=1,2,3)復(fù)幀定位信號(hào)－MFAS（1Byte）,256幀構(gòu)成一個(gè)復(fù)幀序列（256Byte）幀定位信號(hào)－FAS（6Bytes)OA1＝F6h，OA2＝28hOTUk開銷

(k=1,2,3)OTUkSM開銷中的BIP-8字節(jié)(1Byte)OTUkSM開銷（3Bytes)OTUk開銷

(k=1,2,3)OTUkSM開銷中的后向錯(cuò)誤指示和后向定幀錯(cuò)誤(BEI/BIAE)用于回送OTUk接收到的BIP-8錯(cuò)誤和定幀錯(cuò)誤（IAE），當(dāng)為“0011”時(shí)表示BIAEOTUkSMBEI/BIAE

bits

1234BIAEBIPviolations0000false00001false10010false20011false30100false40101false50110false60111false71000false81001,1010false01011true01100to1111false0OTUk開銷(k=1,2,3)OTUkSM開銷中的后向缺陷指示(BDI)用于回送OTUk接收到的信號(hào)缺陷（SD）狀態(tài)；為“1”時(shí)表示缺陷狀態(tài)，否則為“0”O(jiān)TUkSM開銷中的定幀錯(cuò)誤開銷（IAE）用于指示OTUk接收到的定幀錯(cuò)誤狀態(tài)；為“1”時(shí)表示定幀錯(cuò)誤，否則為“0”O(jiān)TUkV(k=1,2,3)OTUkV：功能標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化的光傳送單元幀格式由廠家自定義，可以定義和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)OTUk幀完全不同的幀結(jié)構(gòu)FEC編碼由廠家自定義，F(xiàn)EC大小可以比標(biāo)準(zhǔn)OTUk的FEC區(qū)域大，或者可以不需要FEC區(qū)域以下開銷需要支持:TrailTraceIdentifier（TTI）ErrorDetectionCode(e.g.BIP-8)BackwardDefectIndicator（BDI）BackwardErrorIndicator（BEI）(Backward)IncomingAlignmentError（IAE/BIAE）其他開銷由廠家自定義ODUk向OTUkV的映射由廠家自定義OTUkV－更大的FEC區(qū)域OTUkV－非標(biāo)的幀結(jié)構(gòu)OTUkV－無FEC區(qū)域ODUk開銷

(k=1,2,3)ODUkPM開銷中的BIP-8字節(jié)(1Byte)ODUkPM開銷（3Bytes)ODUk開銷

(k=1,2,3)ODUkPM開銷中的后向錯(cuò)誤指示和后向定幀錯(cuò)誤(BEI)用于回送ODUk接收到的BIP-8錯(cuò)誤ODUkPMBEI

bits

1234BIPviolations0000000011001020011301004010150110601117100081001to11110ODUk開銷(k=1,2,3)ODUkPM開銷中的后向缺陷指示(BDI)用于回送ODUk接收到的信號(hào)缺陷狀態(tài)；為“1”時(shí)表示缺陷狀態(tài)，否則為“0”O(jiān)DUkPM開銷中的通道狀態(tài)指示(STAT)用于指示ODUk通道狀態(tài)；PMbyte3,

bits

678Status000Reservedforfutureinternationalstandardization001Normalpathsignal010Reservedforfutureinternationalstandardization011Reservedforfutureinternationalstandardization100Reservedforfutureinternationalstandardization101Maintenancesignal:ODUk-LCK110Maintenancesignal:ODUk-OCI111Maintenancesignal:ODUk-AISODUk開銷

(k=1,2,3)ODUkTCMi開銷（i＝1～6)開銷功能同SM/PM開銷功能基本類似，在此不再贅述ODUk開銷

(k=1,2,3)ODUk自動(dòng)保護(hù)倒換和保護(hù)通信通道開銷(APS/PCC)通過MFAS復(fù)幀可以支持8種級(jí)別的保護(hù)嵌套MFASbit678APS/PCCchannelappliesto000ODUkPath001ODUkTCM1010ODUkTCM2011ODUkTCM3100ODUkTCM4101ODUkTCM5110ODUkTCM6111ODUkSNC/IAPSODUk開銷

(k=1,2,3)ODUk故障類型和故障位置開銷（FTFL)256幀的FTFL字節(jié)構(gòu)成256Byte的FTFL信息第0～127Byte為前向指示區(qū)域，第128～255Byte為后向指示區(qū)域前向和后向指示區(qū)域又分為3個(gè)子區(qū)域ODUk開銷

(k=1,2,3)故障指示代碼，F(xiàn)aultIndicationCode前向和后向運(yùn)營(yíng)商標(biāo)識(shí)域，F(xiàn)orward/BackwardoperatoridentifierField指示前向和后向國(guó)家地區(qū)代碼以及運(yùn)營(yíng)商代碼FaultindicationcodeDefinition00000000NoFault00000001SignalFail00000010SignalDegrade00000011...11111111ReservedforfutureinternationalStandardizationOPUk開銷

(k=1,2,3)OPUk區(qū)域的PSI和PT開銷OPUk開銷

(k=1,2,3)OPUk凈荷結(jié)構(gòu)標(biāo)識(shí)（PSI）通過復(fù)幀構(gòu)成256Byte的PSI信號(hào)，PSI[0]位于MFA＝“00000000”幀位置，PSI[1]位于MFA＝“00000001”幀位置，依此類推OPUk凈荷類型（PT）位于PSI[0]位置，開銷說明見下表OPUk開銷

(k=1,2,3)MSB

1

2

3

4LSB

5

6

7

8Hexcode

(Note1)Interpretation0000000101Experimentalmapping(Note3)0000001002AsynchronousCBRmapping,see17.10000001103BitsynchronousCBRmapping,see17.10000010004ATMmapping,see17.20000010105GFPmapping,see17.30000011006VirtualConcatenatedsignal,see18(NOTE5)0001000010Bitstreamwithoctettimingmapping,see17.5.10001000111Bitstreamwithoutoctettimingmapping,see17.5.20010011020ODUmultiplexstructure,see190101010155Notavailable(Note2)0110011066Notavailable(Note2)1000xxxx80-8FReservedcodesforproprietaryuse(Note4)11111101FDNULLtestsignalmapping,see17.4.111111110FEPRBStestsignalmapping,see17.4.211111111FFNotavailable(Note2)NOTE1

–Thereare226sparecodesleftforfutureinternationalstandardization.RefertoAnnexA/G.806fortheproceduretoobtainoneofthesecodesforanewpayloadtype.NOTE2

–Thesevaluesareexcludedfromthesetofavailablecodepoints.ThesebitpatternsarepresentinODUkmaintenancesignals.NOTE3

–Value"01"isonlytobeusedforexperimentalactivitiesincaseswhereamappingcodeisnotdefinedinthistable.RefertoAnnexA/G.806formoreinformationontheuseofthiscode.NOTE4

–These16codevalueswillnotbesubjecttofurtherstandardization.RefertoAnnexA/G.806formoreinformationontheuseofthesecodes.NOTE5–Forthepayloadtypeofthevirtualconcatenatedsignaladedicatedpayloadtypeoverhead(vcPT)isused,see18.OPUk凈荷類型（PT）開銷說明：OPUk開銷

(k=1,2,3)OPUk開銷區(qū)的正負(fù)調(diào)整機(jī)會(huì)OPUk開銷

(k=1,2,3)JC

[78]NJOPJO00justificationbytedatabyte01notgenerated1011OPUk映射調(diào)整控制（JC）開銷指示客戶數(shù)據(jù)同OPUk之間的正負(fù)調(diào)整狀態(tài)OPUk映射分為異步映射和比特同步映射兩種比特同步映射時(shí)，JC和正負(fù)調(diào)整字節(jié)的關(guān)系異步映射時(shí)，JC和正負(fù)調(diào)整字節(jié)的關(guān)系JC

[78]NJOPJO00justificationbytedatabyte01databytedatabyte10notgenerated11justificationbytejustificationbyte目錄OTN基本原理OTN網(wǎng)絡(luò)層次劃分OTN多級(jí)連接監(jiān)視OTM信號(hào)結(jié)構(gòu)OTN維護(hù)管理信號(hào)OTN客戶數(shù)據(jù)映射OTN復(fù)用過程OTN虛級(jí)聯(lián)OTNOverSDHOTN標(biāo)準(zhǔn)前向缺陷指示（FDI，AIS）后向缺陷和錯(cuò)誤指示（BDI，BEI）開連接指示（OCI）鎖定（LCK）缺陷類型和缺陷位置（FTFL）OTN管理信號(hào)－缺陷告警AIS/FDIatclients（AlarmIndicationSignal/ForwardDefectIndication）AISatODUk（AlarmIndicationSignal）AISatOTUk（AlarmIndicationSignal）FDIatOCh（ForwardDefectIndication）FDI/PMIatOMSn（ForwardDefectIndication/PayloadMissingIndication）PMIatOTSn（PayloadMissingIndication）OTS/OMS/OCh管理信號(hào)OTS-PMI（PayloadMissingIndication）指示OTS凈荷中不包含光信號(hào)OMS-FDI-P（ForwardDefectIndication-Payload）指示OTS網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的OMS服務(wù)層缺陷OMS-FDI-O（ForwardDefectIndication-Overhead）指示因?yàn)镺OS中信號(hào)失效導(dǎo)致的OMSOH傳送失敗OMS-PMI（PayloadMissingIndication）指示OCC中均不包含光信號(hào)OCh-FDI-P（ForwardDefectIndication-Payload）指示OMS網(wǎng)絡(luò)層中OCh服務(wù)層信號(hào)缺陷如果OTUk終結(jié)，此告警將產(chǎn)生ODUk-AIS信號(hào)OCh-FDI-O（ForwardDefectIndication-Overhead）指示因?yàn)镺OS中信號(hào)失效導(dǎo)致的OChOH傳送失敗OCh-OCI（OpenConnectionIndication）指示下游節(jié)點(diǎn)斷連接狀態(tài)，用于區(qū)分缺陷和斷連接OTUk管理信號(hào)OTUk-AIS填充PN-11序列產(chǎn)生OTUk-AISPN-11:1+x9+x11

ODUk管理信號(hào)ODUk-AIS產(chǎn)生：All“1”，除FAOH、OTUkOH和FTFL外檢測(cè)：PM和TCMi中的STAT開銷，為“111”

ODUk-OCI產(chǎn)生：重復(fù)的“01100110”圖案填充，除FAOH和OTUkOH外檢測(cè)：PM和TCMi中的STAT開銷，為“110”

ODUk-LCK產(chǎn)生：重復(fù)的“01010101”圖案填充，除FAOH和OTUkOH外檢測(cè)：PM和TCMi中的STAT開銷，為“101”

ODUk-AISOMSn,OCh和ODUk連接的出口方向產(chǎn)生

檢測(cè)到信號(hào)失效時(shí)產(chǎn)生OMSn-FDI和OCh-FDI時(shí)產(chǎn)生ODUk-AIS，ODUk信號(hào)圖案為Oxff時(shí)產(chǎn)生STM-NAIS在OTN的支路端口側(cè)產(chǎn)生支路入口：檢測(cè)到STM-NLOS/LOF等支路出口：檢測(cè)到ODUk信號(hào)失效在SDH線路側(cè)檢測(cè)STM-NAISdetectioninsertionOTN管理信號(hào)－回傳信息（BI）RDI/REIatClientsBDI/BEIatODUkandOTUkNoBIatOChBDIatOTSnandOMSnODUk-OCI開連接，由于光纖斷連產(chǎn)生輸入端和輸出端連接斷開時(shí)產(chǎn)生OCIOCh-OCI時(shí)產(chǎn)生ODUk-OCI，ODUk圖案為0x66ODUk-LCK鎖定，在ODUkTandemConnection的端點(diǎn)產(chǎn)生管理狀態(tài)鎖定時(shí)插入ODUk-LCK阻止用戶接入該連接防止網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的測(cè)試信號(hào)進(jìn)入用戶域ODUk-LCK，ODUk信號(hào)圖案為0x55故障類型和故障位置(FTFL)幫助服務(wù)提供者（SP）自動(dòng)的定位故障到網(wǎng)絡(luò)運(yùn)營(yíng)商區(qū)域當(dāng)檢測(cè)到SD/SF事件時(shí)，在OTUk段和ODUkTC連接的端點(diǎn)向前向和后向插入FTFL，包括SD/SF事件、運(yùn)營(yíng)商信息等FTFL特殊功能在UNI接口中FTFL的特殊功能抽取FTFL前向信息，并且把它作為后向信息向相反方向傳送濾除網(wǎng)絡(luò)流入和流出的FTFL信息(出于安全考慮)特殊FTFL抽取功能在網(wǎng)絡(luò)中間節(jié)點(diǎn)讀取某個(gè)ODUk連接的FTFL前向和后向信息目錄OTN基本原理OTN網(wǎng)絡(luò)層次劃分OTN多級(jí)連接監(jiān)視OTM信號(hào)結(jié)構(gòu)OTN維護(hù)管理信號(hào)OTN客戶數(shù)據(jù)映射OTN復(fù)用過程OTN虛級(jí)聯(lián)OTNOverSDHOTN標(biāo)準(zhǔn)CBR信號(hào)(e.g.STM-N)IP、以太網(wǎng)信號(hào)ATM信號(hào)測(cè)試信號(hào)非字節(jié)形式比特流未知比特速率的CBR信號(hào)STM-N信號(hào)映射(N=16,64,256)G.709提供兩種STM-N的映射方式比特同步異步STM-16STM-64STM-256D:Data,FS:FixedStuff,JC:JustificationControl,N/PJO:Negative/PositiveJustificationOpportunityIP和以太網(wǎng)信號(hào)映射G.709支持基于包的客戶數(shù)據(jù)的封裝不需要SDH或者10G以太網(wǎng)，可以直接封裝IP信號(hào)使用GFP封裝協(xié)議：把任意包信號(hào)封裝到固定速率信號(hào)(例如，SDH/SONET、ODUk)上的一種通用的方法BandwidthforGFPstreaminODU1:2488320kbit/sODU2:9995276kbit/sODU3:40150519kbit/sGFP－ITUTG.7041ATM信號(hào)映射G.709支持基于信元的客戶信號(hào)的映射ATM映射到ODUk同映射到SDH一樣簡(jiǎn)單BandwidthforATMstreaminODU1:2488320kbit/sODU2:9995276kbit/sODU3:40150519kbit/s測(cè)試信號(hào)映射G.709支持測(cè)試信號(hào)的映射定義了兩種測(cè)試信號(hào)空序列(All“0”)偽隨機(jī)序列1+x28+x31

連續(xù)8bit的PRBS映射為一個(gè)字節(jié)（D）測(cè)試信號(hào)映射非字節(jié)形式比特流映射G.709支持字節(jié)或者非字節(jié)形式比特流的客戶數(shù)據(jù)的映射需要定義OPUk的客戶專用開銷（CS）未知比特速率的CBR信號(hào)映射新的映射任意速率CBR信號(hào)的方法(要求速率在OPUk凈荷容量的一定范圍內(nèi)）比特速率固定，而且具有較小的頻偏范圍G.709v2版本繼續(xù)討論目錄OTN基本原理OTN網(wǎng)絡(luò)層次劃分OTN多級(jí)連接監(jiān)視OTM信號(hào)結(jié)構(gòu)OTN維護(hù)管理信號(hào)OTN客戶數(shù)據(jù)映射OTN復(fù)用過程OTN虛級(jí)聯(lián)OTNOverSDHOTN標(biāo)準(zhǔn)波分復(fù)用（WDM）時(shí)分復(fù)用（TDM）TDM映射TDMTributarySlots子信號(hào)TDM開銷波分復(fù)用（WDM）OTM-16r.m信號(hào)16通道與OCh信號(hào)速率無關(guān)，固定200GHz通道間隔無監(jiān)控信道OTM-n.m信號(hào)未定義通道數(shù)未定義通道間隔帶監(jiān)控信道波分復(fù)用復(fù)用路徑時(shí)分復(fù)用（TDM）OTN中的時(shí)分復(fù)用應(yīng)用于：采用更低速率信號(hào)傳送提高吞吐率降低管理的復(fù)雜性更低成本的網(wǎng)絡(luò)時(shí)分復(fù)用由于引入了子信號(hào)，增加了復(fù)雜性在交叉網(wǎng)片周圍需要完成復(fù)用和解復(fù)用功能時(shí)分復(fù)用（TDM）時(shí)分復(fù)用把ODUk信號(hào)復(fù)用到更高級(jí)別的ODUk信號(hào)ODU1復(fù)用到ODU2ODU1和/或者ODU2復(fù)用到ODU3復(fù)用通過字節(jié)間插的方式時(shí)分復(fù)用（TDM）粗略圖示4*ODU1->OPU2Payload->ODU2->OTU2調(diào)整后的ODU1信號(hào)（ODTU12）通過字節(jié)間插的方式復(fù)用到OPU2Payload加入ODU2和OTU2開銷及FECODU1和ODU2的速率適配通過正負(fù)調(diào)整實(shí)現(xiàn)ODU1幀將跨越一個(gè)ODU2幀的幀邊界，占用多個(gè)ODU2幀時(shí)分復(fù)用映射路徑4*ODU1－>ODTUG2－>OPU2－>ODU2映射過程：4*ODU1映射到OPU2PayloadTS（TributarySlot），4TS；ODTU12JustificationOH映射到OPU2OH區(qū)域。16*ODU1－>ODTUG3－>OPU3－>ODU3映射過程：16*ODU1映射到OPU3PayloadTS（TributarySlot），16TS；ODTU13JustificationOH映射到OPU2OH區(qū)域。4*ODU2－>ODTUG3－>OPU3－>ODU3映射過程：4*ODU2映射到OPU3PayloadTS（TributarySlot），4TS；ODTU23JustificationOH映射到OPU3OH區(qū)域。時(shí)分復(fù)用映射方法4×ODU1映射到1×ODU2ODTU12：OpticalDataTributaryUnit1into2時(shí)分復(fù)用映射方法X*ODU2和（16-4X）*ODU1映射到1*ODU3【0

X

4

】ODTU23：OpticalDataTributaryUnit2into3ODTU13：OpticalDataTributaryUnit1into3時(shí)分復(fù)用－ODU2子信號(hào)分配時(shí)分復(fù)用－ODU3子信號(hào)分配時(shí)分復(fù)用－開銷及調(diào)整字節(jié)時(shí)分復(fù)用－開銷及調(diào)整字節(jié)ODUtype表示TS中傳送的ODU類型ODU1映射到ODTU12ODU1信號(hào)增加FAOH，OTU1OH開銷區(qū)填充“00”，形成擴(kuò)展的ODU1信號(hào)；每個(gè)擴(kuò)展ODU1信號(hào)異步映射到一個(gè)ODTU12，使用ODU2的時(shí)鐘，采用正負(fù)調(diào)整機(jī)會(huì)平衡頻差（-1/0/+2Byte機(jī)會(huì)）圖中表示TS1ODU1映射到ODTU13ODU1信號(hào)增加FAOH，OTU1OH開銷區(qū)填充“00”，形成擴(kuò)展的ODU1信號(hào)；每個(gè)擴(kuò)展ODU1信號(hào)異步映射到一個(gè)ODTU13，使用ODU2的時(shí)鐘，采用正負(fù)調(diào)整機(jī)會(huì)平衡頻差（-1/0/+2Byte機(jī)會(huì)）圖中表示TS3119列為填充ODU2映射到ODTU23ODU2信號(hào)增加FAOH，OTU1OH開銷區(qū)填充“00”，形成擴(kuò)展的ODU2信號(hào)；每個(gè)擴(kuò)展ODU2信號(hào)異步映射到一個(gè)ODTU23映射到，使用ODU2的時(shí)鐘，采用正負(fù)調(diào)整機(jī)會(huì)平衡頻差（-1/0/+2Byte機(jī)會(huì)）圖中表示TS1，5，9，10時(shí)分復(fù)用－映射ODU1到ODU3映射包含16個(gè)固定填充列ODU1到ODU2以及ODU2到ODU3的映射無固定填充目錄OTN基本原理OTN網(wǎng)絡(luò)層次劃分OTN多級(jí)連接監(jiān)視OTM信號(hào)結(jié)構(gòu)OTN維護(hù)管理信號(hào)OTN客戶數(shù)據(jù)映射OTN復(fù)用過程OTN虛級(jí)聯(lián)OTNOverSDHOTN標(biāo)準(zhǔn)OPUk-Xv開銷ODUk-Xv客戶數(shù)據(jù)映射虛級(jí)聯(lián)ODUk支持虛級(jí)聯(lián)ODUk-Xv,withX=1..256應(yīng)用范圍及作用在不支持10G/40G波長(zhǎng)調(diào)度的網(wǎng)絡(luò)中，傳送STM-64和STM-256信號(hào)STM-64intoODU1-4vSTM-256intoODU2-4vorODU1-16v對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)業(yè)務(wù)采用最佳粒度進(jìn)行調(diào)度應(yīng)用LCAS無損帶寬變化內(nèi)置彈性存儲(chǔ)器以適應(yīng)信號(hào)傳送路徑的延遲差異虛級(jí)聯(lián)－反向復(fù)用客戶信號(hào)映射進(jìn)OPUk-Xv凈荷區(qū)域反向復(fù)用OPUk-Xv到X*OPUk信號(hào)ODUk開銷分別加入每個(gè)OPUk信號(hào)上，形成X*ODUk信號(hào)對(duì)X*ODUk進(jìn)行調(diào)度和傳送，在收端進(jìn)行重組，解映射處客戶信號(hào)虛級(jí)聯(lián)－開銷PSI[1]vcPTVCOHMFI1,MFI2SQLCASCTRLGIDRSAMSTCRC8Res虛級(jí)聯(lián)－vcPTvcPT:vcPayloadTypeMSB1

2

3

4LSB5

6

7

8Hexcode(NOTE1)Interpretation0000000101Experimentalmapping(NOTE3)0000001002asynchronousCBRmapping,see18.2.1,18.2.20000001103bitsynchronousCBRmapping,see18.2.1,18.2.20000010004ATMmapping,see18.2.30000010105GFPmapping,see18.2.40001000010bitstreamwithoctettimingmapping,see18.2.60001000111bitstreamwithoutoctettimingmapping,see18.2.60101010155Notavailable(NOTE2)0110011066Notavailable(NOTE2)1000xxxx80-8Freservedcodesforproprietaryuse(NOTE4)11111101FDNULLtestsignalmapping,see18.2.5.111111110FEPRBStestsignalmapping,see18.2.5.211111111FFNotavailable(NOTE2)NOTE1-Thereare228sparecodesleftforfutureinternationalstandardization.RefertoAnnexA/G.806fortheproceduretoobtainoneofthesecodesforanewpayloadtype.NOTE2-Thesevaluesareexcludedfromthesetofavailablecodepoints.ThesebitpatternsarepresentinODUkmaintenancesignals.NOTE3-Value"01"isonlytobeusedforexperimentalactivitiesincaseswhereamappingcodeisnotdefinedintheabovetable.RefertoAnnexA/G.806formoreinformationontheuseofthiscode.NOTE4-These16codevalueswillnotbesubjecttofurtherstandardization.RefertoAnnexA/G.806formoreinformationontheuseofthesecodes.虛級(jí)聯(lián)－ODUk-Xv提供兩級(jí)復(fù)幀計(jì)數(shù)，滿足成員信號(hào)同虛級(jí)聯(lián)組的延遲差異，在收端進(jìn)行補(bǔ)償?shù)谝患?jí)復(fù)幀計(jì)數(shù)為MFA，8bitODUk復(fù)幀指示，每個(gè)ODUk幀加1，0～255第二級(jí)復(fù)幀計(jì)數(shù)器為MFI1_MFI2，共16bit復(fù)幀指示，MFA＝0時(shí)加1，0～65,535因此結(jié)合兩級(jí)復(fù)幀計(jì)數(shù)器，總共可以支持16,777,216個(gè)ODUk幀長(zhǎng)度虛級(jí)聯(lián)－映射STM-N客戶信號(hào)支持異步映射比特同步映射STM-256intoOPU2-4vSTM-64intoOPU1-4vSTM-256intoOPU1-16v虛級(jí)聯(lián)－映射ATMCellintoOPUk-Xv虛級(jí)聯(lián)－映射GFPFrameintoOPUk-Xv虛級(jí)聯(lián)－映射NullClientSignalintoOPUk-Xv虛級(jí)聯(lián)－映射PRBSTestSignalintoOPUk-XvSQ:231-1,序列的