新高考英語通用版總復(fù)習(xí)一輪課件第一部分選修8Unit2Cloning

Unit2Cloning核心單詞differdifferentdifference1.________vi.不同；相異→___________adj.不同的→_____________n.不同；差異exactexactly2.________adj.精確的；準(zhǔn)確的→________adv.精準(zhǔn)地3.__________adj.商業(yè)的；貿(mào)易的→_________n.商業(yè)；貿(mào)易4.________________adj.簡單的；直接的；坦率的5.___________vt.(undertook;undertaken)著手；從事；承擔(dān)straightforwardundertake6._____________n.突破breakthrough7._____________n.程序；步驟；手續(xù)procedure

8.________vi.反對；不贊成→__________n.不贊成；反對；異議→___________adj.真實(shí)的；客觀的；無偏見的9.________vt.獲得；贏得objectobjection10.________vt.獲得；到達(dá)(水平、年齡、狀況等)11.________adj.道德(上)的；倫理的→________n.道德；倫理objectiveobtainattainmoralmoralityforbidaccumulateaccumulationowe12.________vt.(forbade，forbad;forbidden)禁止；不準(zhǔn)13.____________vt.&vi.積累；聚積→______________n.積累；聚積retireretirement14.________vt.欠(賬、錢、人情等)；歸功于……15.________vi.退休；離開→______________n.退休16.________vt.打擾vi.操心n.煩擾bother17.___________n.假定；設(shè)想→_________vt.假定；設(shè)想18.__________n.規(guī)則；規(guī)章；法規(guī)→__________v.調(diào)節(jié)；管理assumptionassumeregulationregulate19.___________n.受人喜愛；流行→__________adj.流行的；受人歡迎的popularitypopularstrike20.__________vt.&vi.(struck,struck)打；撞擊；罷工n.罷工resistresistanceresistant21._________vt.抵抗；對抗→____________n.抵抗；對抗→__________adj.抵抗的adore23.________vt.崇拜；愛慕；喜愛24.__________adj.合情理的；講道理的；公道的→_______n.原因reasonablereason22.___________n.缺點(diǎn)；不利條件drawbackpaycastobjecthaveimpact?？级陶Z1.________off得到好結(jié)果；取得成功；償清2.________down使失望；使沮喪3.________to反對favourowe4.________agreat_________on...對……有很大影響5.in________of贊成；支持bound6.________...to...把……歸功于……7.(be)________to(do)...一定或注定(做)……strikehearttimetimebringlife8.________...intoone's________使……刻骨銘心9.from________to________不時(shí)；偶爾10.________backto________使復(fù)生；使復(fù)活11.in________白費(fèi)力氣；枉費(fèi)心機(jī)12.ingood/poor____________狀況很好(壞)；情況很好(壞)vaincondition經(jīng)典佳句Fromtimetotimeifthere

1.________________________________peoplesuggestthatextinctanimalslikedinosaurs,canpossiblybebroughtbacktolifethroughcloning.人們時(shí)常設(shè)想滅絕的動物，例如恐龍，有可能通過克隆技術(shù)使它們復(fù)活。notenoughdiversityiswiththeirgenesarranged

3.Diversityinagroupmeanshavinganimals________________________________indifferentways.群中的多樣性指的是擁有基因排列方式不同的動物。課文回顧exactusesvaluablewhiletoundertakecloningthatobjectionsforbadeorDollylivedforsixyears.Dolly'sappearanceraisedastormof8.___________(object).Governmentsbecamenervousandmany9._________(forbid)researchintohumancloning.Scientistsstillwonderwhethercloningwillhelp10.________harmusandwhereitisleadingusto.單句語法填空exactly

1.Thiswasnot________(exact)whatIwantedtohear. 2.Hiseffortstoraisemoneyforhisprogramwere________vainbecausenooneshowedanyintentiontotakeacentoutoftheirpockets.intaking

3.ThenewclothesinthatshoparesobeautifulthatAnnacannotresist________(take)acloselookatthem,althoughshecannotaffordthematpresent.doing6.He________(forbid)themfrommentioningthesubjectlastnight.forbade7.Hernovelshavegainedin__________(popular)overrecentyears.popularity8.Equippedwithmodernfacilities,today'slibrariesdiffergreatly________thoseofthepast.from9.Itwouldtakehimtherestofhislifetopay________thatloan.offto10.Stressisafactoflifefromtime________timeforallofus.1.differvi.不同；相異differfrom不同于；與……有區(qū)別differin在……方面不同differwith與……意見不一致makea/some/nodifference有/有些/沒有作用或影響〖易混辨析〗differ,vary和diversify(1)differ強(qiáng)調(diào)兩者的區(qū)別。(2)vary強(qiáng)調(diào)在一定的范圍內(nèi)變化。(3)diversify強(qiáng)調(diào)多種多樣。運(yùn)用用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空within

(1)Thetwobrothersdiffered________eachother________politics. (2)Thestoryhetoldthepolicediffered________theonehetoldhismother.fromdifference

(3)Thereisno_____________(differ)betweenthetwoinquantitativeterms.2.objectvi.反對；不贊成objecttosth./doingsth.反對某事/做某事objectionn.不贊成；反對；異議beopentoobjection有可爭議之處；有不合理之處make/haveanobjectionto/against...反對……feelobjectiontodoingsth.反對做某事〖一句多譯〗我的觀點(diǎn)是，反對停車收費(fèi)。AsfarasI'mconcerned,Ihaveanobjectiontochargingforparking.＝Inmyopinion,Iobjecttochargingforparking.＝Inmyview,Iamopposedtochargingforparking.＝Frommypointofview,I'magainstchargingforparking.運(yùn)用單句語法填空wastingobjection(1)Iobjectto________(waste)moneyonuselessthings.(2)Theissueproposedbyhimisopento________(object).(3)Weobjectto_________________(blame)forsomethingthatwehaven'tdone.beingblamed3.owevt.欠(賬、錢、人情等)；歸功于……owe...to....把……歸功于……oweitto...多虧某人……owe...因……而欠某人owesb.sth.＝owesth.tosb.欠某人某物owesb.anapology該向某人道歉owesb.afavour欠某人一個情owingto因?yàn)?；由于〖用法指引?/p>

如果owe的賓語是動詞不定式或名詞性從句，可使用it做形式賓語，將充當(dāng)真正賓語的動詞不定式或名詞性從句放在句尾?！家谆毂嫖觥絛ueto,owingto和thanksto

(1)dueto在英式英語中只能引導(dǎo)表語；美式英語中可做表語也可做狀語。如：

Ourvictorywasduetotheassistanceofthestar-player.我們的勝利歸因于主力球員的發(fā)揮。

Icamelateduetothetrafficjams.由于交通堵塞，我來晚了。(此句中dueto用作狀語，僅美語中可見)

(2)owingto即可做狀語又可做表語。它所引導(dǎo)的狀語必須修飾全句，必須用逗號與主句隔開，這點(diǎn)與becauseof不同。如：Theydecidedtopostponethetrip,owingtothechangeofweather.由于氣候變化，他們決定推遲旅程。(3)thanksto也是引導(dǎo)狀語，除表示“由于”之外，往往帶有感謝或諷刺的意思。如：Thankstoyourhelp,muchtroublewasavoided.多虧了你的幫助，才省了許多麻煩。運(yùn)用單句語法填空toto(1)Heoweshissuccessmore________luckthan________ability.toit(2)Iowealot________mywifeandchildren.(3)Heowed________tohisteachersthathecouldbeadmittedtoakeyuniversity.Owing

(4)________(owe)tomylackofexperience,Ididn'tdotheworkwell.4.bothervt.打擾vi.操心n.煩擾

botherwith/about為……而煩惱；因……而操心

bothertodo/doing費(fèi)神做……

〖用法指引〗

bother作“麻煩；困難”講時(shí)，是不可數(shù)名詞；作“令人煩惱的事物；討厭的人”講時(shí)，是可數(shù)名詞?！家谆毂嫖觥絙other,disturb,trouble和annoy

(1)bother指干擾別人的正常生活和工作而使之不太安寧，可能是故意的，含有使人討厭的意味。

(2)disturb指使人失去正常秩序而一時(shí)得不到安寧，精力不能集中，語氣比bother弱。

(3)trouble常指在心情上失去平靜而感到憂慮、苦惱或在行動上帶來不便，也常用于禮貌的請求。

(4)annoy通常指重復(fù)性的行為使(別人)生氣，常用于被動，表示為某事煩惱、生氣。運(yùn)用單句語法填空tosay/saying(1)Hedidn'tevenbother_______________(say)thankyou.(2)Don'tbotheryourfather_____________itnow；he'sverytired.about/with(3)SometimesIactasalisteningearforfellowstudentstotalkoverwhat____________(bother)them.isbothering5.resistvt.抵抗；對抗can't/couldn'tresistdoingsth.禁不住做某事resist(doing)sth.抵制(做)某事behard/impossibletoresist難以拒絕resistantadj.抵抗的；有抵抗力的beresistantto對……有抵抗力〖寫作佳句〗Througheducatinghimselfandstrengtheninghisownwill,everyindividualshouldresistthetemptationofcigarettes.每一個人都應(yīng)該透過自我教育，強(qiáng)化自己的意志力，來抗拒香煙的誘惑。運(yùn)用單句語法填空going(1)Thechildrenalwaysresist________(go)tobedonChristmasEve.resistant(2)Somepeoplearevery___________(resist)totheideaoftravel.playing1.payoff得到好結(jié)果；取得成功；償清payfor為……付款；為……付出代價(jià)payback償還(欠款)；回報(bào)payout付出paythebill付賬單getpaid獲得報(bào)酬〖用法指引〗

payoff表示“得到好結(jié)果；有回報(bào)”時(shí)是不及物動詞詞組，其后不接賓語；表示“償清”時(shí)是及物動詞詞組。運(yùn)用單句語法填空off(1)Thedoctor'seffortspaid________whenhesawthepatientopenhiseyes.for

(2)Theytaketheirdriverlesscartoanappointmentandsettheemptyvehicletocirclethebuildingtoavoidpaying________parking.back(3)ThatIcanpay________thehelppeoplegivememakesmehappy.paid(4)Iget_______(pay)forpiecework,notonamonthlywage.2.infavourof贊成；支持insb.'sfavour對某人有利；得某人歡心dosb.afavour給某人以恩惠；幫某人的忙〖寫作佳句〗Allhisfamilyareinfavourofhisdecisiontoworkinthewesternareaaftergraduation.全家人都支持他畢業(yè)后去西部工作的決定。運(yùn)用單句語法填空(1)LuXunabandonedhealthcare_______favourofliteratureinthe1920s.in(2)Dome________favourandturnofftheradio.a(3)Couldyoudomethefavour___________(pick)upSamfromschooltoday?topick3.(be)boundto(do)...一定或注定(做)……beboundtosth.被束縛于/被綁在某物上bebound(for...)準(zhǔn)備(去……)beboundupin熱心于；忙于beboundupwith與……有密切關(guān)系〖寫作佳句〗IamboundtosayIdisagreewithyouonthispoint.我覺得有必要指出，在這點(diǎn)上我與你意見不一致。運(yùn)用單句語法填空tobe(1)Thenewdiscoveryisbound________(be)ofgreatservicetomankind.inwith4.ingood/poorcondition狀況很好(壞)；情況很好(壞)outofcondition健康狀況欠佳working/living/studyingconditions工作/生活/學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境onconditionthat...在……條件下；倘若……onnocondition一點(diǎn)也不；決不(放在句首時(shí)，用部分倒裝語序)〖寫作佳句〗

Beforethecollegeentranceexamination，allofusshouldadjustourselvestobeingingoodcondition.高考前，我們每個人應(yīng)把自己調(diào)整到最好的狀態(tài)。運(yùn)用單句語法填空in(1)Thecarhasbeenwellmaintainedandis________goodcondition.conditions(2)Noonepayattentiontotheirworking____________(condition).on(3)Youcankeepthebooksforabout3weeks________conditionthatyoupreservethemwell.should

(4)Onnocondition________youloseheartwhenyouareintrouble.原句1Thefactthatsheseemedtodevelopnormallywasveryencouraging.她(多莉羊)看來是在正常地成長著，這很鼓舞人心。 “thatsheseemedtodevelopnormally”是一個同位語從句，做thefact的同位語。同位語從句一般由that引導(dǎo)，常放在fact,truth,news,information,idea,thought,hope,suggestion,advice,reply,remark,report等名詞后面，說明該名詞的具體內(nèi)容。

注意：當(dāng)先行詞是problem,question或當(dāng)主句是表示疑問或否定意思時(shí)，連接詞要用whether或其他的疑問代詞或疑問副詞。運(yùn)用單句語法填空thatthat(1)Theidea________youcouldmakegreatthingswasnotjustausefulillusion.Theywereactuallyright.whether

(2)Theoldsaying________honestyisthebestpolicyiswellknowntoeveryone,whichsignifiestheimportanceofhonesty. (3)Thequestion________weshouldcontinuetodotheexperimenthasnotbeenansweredyet.原句2Coulditbesolvedifcorrectionsweremadeintheirresearchprocedure？如果改進(jìn)研究程序，問題會不會解決呢？ 本句為虛擬語氣在非真實(shí)條件句中的用法。

(1)在非真實(shí)條件句中的虛擬語氣中，如果表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，用動詞的過去式(be動詞一般用were)，主句則用would/could/should/might＋動詞原形；

(2)與過去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，用had＋過去分詞，主句則用would/could/should/might＋have＋過去分詞；

(3)與將來事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，可用動詞的過去式，wereto＋動詞原形或者should＋動詞原形，主句則用would/could/should/might＋動詞原形。運(yùn)用單句語法填空haddriven

(1)Theymighthavefoundabetterhotelifthey____________(drive)afewmorekilometers. (2)Ifthesunweretoriseinthewest,I_____________(lend)youthemoney.wouldlend原句3Theadvantageisthatifthereisanewillnesssomeoftheseanimalsmaydie,butotherswillsurviveandpassontheabilitytoresistthatdiseasetothenextgeneration.其優(yōu)點(diǎn)是如果發(fā)生了某種新的疾病，這類動物中的一些可能會死掉，但是另外一些卻能存活下來，并且把這種免疫力傳給下一代。

Theadvantage/disadvantageof...isthat...……的優(yōu)點(diǎn)/不足是…… Thedrawbackof...isthat...……的缺點(diǎn)是…… Theproblemof...isthat...……的問題是…… Thechanceisthat...有可能……運(yùn)用完成句子，每空一詞chanceisthat(1)由于我們隊(duì)余下的比賽不太難，因此我們隊(duì)在結(jié)束時(shí)有可能名列前茅。drawbackisthat

________________________________ourteamwillfinishatthetop,asourremainingmatchesaren'ttoodiff