賓語從句全課件

賓語從句

TheObjectClause語法專項賓語從句語法專項1問題一:什么是賓語?賓語表示及物動詞的動作對象和介詞所聯(lián)系的對象,常由名詞或相當于名詞的詞擔任,置于及物動詞或介詞后。Iloveyou.Iamfondofreadingbooksinthesun.Heboughtmeapen.Howishegettingalongwith

hisEnglishteacher?Wekeepitasecret.Iwillarrangemyholidayasfollows.問題一:什么是賓語?賓語表示及物動詞的動作對象和介詞所2問題二:什么是賓語從句?在復(fù)合句中作賓語的從句就叫作賓語從句，放在及物動詞,介詞后面。Ithink(that)yourclothesfitwell.Hecouldn’ttellme

wherehishomewas.作及物動詞的賓語問題二:什么是賓語從句?在復(fù)合句中作賓語的從句就叫作賓語從3作介詞的賓語Healwayspaysattentionto

whatevertheteachersays.Hetalkedof

howhehelpedtheoldman.作介詞的賓語Healwayspaysattention4

Ithink

(that)

youshouldstudyhard.

主句連接詞從句構(gòu)成：主句+連接詞+從句Heaskedme

where

Ihadputhisbook.

主句連接詞從句

賓語從句的結(jié)構(gòu)賓語從句的結(jié)構(gòu)5賓語從句三要點一、語序（陳述）二、引導(dǎo)詞（三種）三、時態(tài)（主、從句）賓語從句三要點一、語序（陳述）61.陳述句結(jié)構(gòu)叫陳述語序2疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)叫疑問語序

第一講：賓語從句用陳述句語序第一講：賓語從句用陳述句語序7

將下列一般問句改成陳述句語序：(主語﹢謂語)Hewantstoknow:

1.Isthereabanknearhere?

2.Was

itonthefifthfloor?3.Aretheydoinghomework?

Thereis

abanknearhere.

Itwasonthefifthfloor.

Theyaredoinghomework.將下列一般問句改成陳述句語序：Thereisaban8

4.Doessheworkinahospital?5.Did

you

gotoCenterPark?6.Do

we

havetowearauniform?

she

works……

youwent……we

haveto……we

canwear……7.Can

we

wearhatsinschool?sheworks……youwent……we9他叫什么名字？What’shisname?他怎么去上學(xué)？Howdoeshegotoschool?Iamnotsure

whathisnameis.主句howhegoestoschool.從句用陳述語序（主語+謂語+….)他叫什么名字？What’shisname?101.Whenwillhegotothelibrary?

Hisbrotheraskswhenhewillgotothelibrary.

Hisbrotheraskswhenwillhegotothelibrary.2.Whatdoeshewanttobuy?

Idon’tknowwhathewantstobuy.

Idon’tknowwhatdoeshewanttobuy.3.Whoarewegoingtomeet?

Canyoutellmewhowearegoingtomeet?

Canyoutellmewhoarewegoingtomeet?1.Whenwillhegotothelibr114.DoesheknowFrench?

Wewanttoknowif/whetherheknowsFrench.

Wewanttoknowif/whetherdoesheknowFrench.5.WilltheygotoCanadainsummer?

They’renotsureif/whethertheywillgotoCanadainsummer.

They’renotsureif/whetherwilltheygotoCanadainsummer.4.DoesheknowFrench?5.Wil12第二講：賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞一：由從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句二：由從屬連詞whether,if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句三：由連接代詞Who,whom,whose,which，what和連接副詞where,how,why,when引導(dǎo)的賓語從句第二講：賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞一：由從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句13一.引導(dǎo)詞that

1.當賓語從句是陳述句時（包括肯定句和否定句），連詞由that引導(dǎo)，因為that在從句中不作任何成分，也沒有任何具體意思，因此在口語或非正式文體中常省略Eg:Theearthgoesaroundthesun.Iknow…Iknowthattheearthgoesaroundthesun.Hewillbebackinanhour.Ithink…Ithinkthathewillbebackinanhour.一.引導(dǎo)詞that14LinTaofeels(that)hisownteamisevenbetter.Shesays(that)shewon’ttakepartinthesportsmeetingnextSunday.Jimthought(that)thetrainwaslikeabigmovingparty.Hesaid(that)hewouldliketoseetheheadmaster.LinTaofeels(that)hisownt15在主句為動詞be加某些形容詞（如sorry,sure,afraid,glad等）作表語時，后面所跟的省略that的從句也可算是賓語從句I’msorry

(that)

Idon’tknow.We’resure

(that)

ourteamwillwin.I’mafraid

(that)

hewon’tpasstheexam.在主句為動詞be加某些形容詞（如sorry,sure,a16練習(xí)題Ihear(that)_______________________.（一小時后他會回來）2.Hesaid(that)______________________.（他非常想念我們）3.Theteachertoldus(that)___________________________.

（地球圍著太陽轉(zhuǎn)）

hewillbebackinanhour

hemissedusverymuch

theearthmovesaroundthesun練習(xí)題hewillbebackinanhour17二：whether或if引導(dǎo)當賓語從句是一般疑問句時，由連詞whether或if引導(dǎo)（口語中常用if），因為if/whether翻譯成：“是否”，具有一定的意義，所以不能省略Eg:IsAlice15yearsold?Iwonder….Iwonderif/whetherAliceis15yearsold.Iwanttoknow:_______________________他明天是否回來。

_______________________你是否喜歡可樂。ifhewillcomeback.ifyoulikekole.二：whether或if引導(dǎo)ifhewillcome18Lilywantedtoknow

if/whether

hergrandmalikedthehandbag.Let’ssee

if/whether

wecanfindoutsomeinformationaboutthatcity.Sheaskedme

if/whether

shecouldborrowthesebooks.Lilywantedtoknowif/whethe19e.g.1.Iwanttoknow__________________________________.

（他是否跟我們一起去公園）2.Askhim_____________________.（他是否能來）3.Idon’tknow___________________________.（是否要下雨）

if(whether)hewillgototheparkwithus

whether(if)hecancome

whetheritisgoingtorainornot1.當句末為ornot時，引導(dǎo)詞只能用whether而不能用if.2.在介詞后面,引導(dǎo)詞只能用whether而不能用if.3.在動詞不定式前,引導(dǎo)詞只能用whether而不能用if.4.句子開頭一定用whether

(一開頭，兩前一后：句子開頭，不定式ornot前，介詞后）只用whether的情況e.g.if(whether)hewillgo201）Theywerethinkingabout________(是否)theywouldgothere.2)Idon’tknow________(是否)shecanhelpmeornot.3)Shecan’tdecide_________(是否)togothereonfoot.4)Whetherthisistrue,I’mnotsure.

這是否真實，我不敢肯定。whetherwhetherwhether1）Theywerethinkingabout___21三：

當賓語從句是特殊疑問句時，由連接代詞（what,who,whom,which,whose）或連接副詞（when,where,how,why）引導(dǎo)，因為連接代詞或連接副詞在從句中擔任一定的句子成分，具有一定的意義，所以不可以省略Eg:HowoldisAlice?Iwanttoknow…

Iwanttoknow

howoldAliceis.Eg:Howoftendoyougotothelibrary?

Couldyoutellme

howoftenyougotothelibrary?

三：當賓語從句是特殊疑問句時，由連接代詞（what,wh22Doyouknow

whathesaidjustnow?

Idon’trememberwhenwearrived.IaskedhimwhereIcouldgetsomuchmoney.Pleasetellmewho(whom)wehavetosee.Doyouknowwhattimetheplaneleaves?Doyouknowwhathesaidjust23

帶how的詞組也都可以引導(dǎo)賓語從句Couldyoutellushowoftenyougoabroadforaholiday?Couldyoutellushowlongthemeetingwilllast?Idon’tknowhowfaritistothecinema.Pleasetellushowmanystudentsthereareinyourschool?Canyoutellushowoldhisbrotheris?Pleasetellushowsoonyouwillbeready.CouldyoutellushowmuchitcoststoflytoHainan?帶how的詞組也都可以引導(dǎo)賓語從句Couldyou241.Heasked__________________________.(誰能回答這個問題）2.Doyouknow_________________________.（他們在等誰）3.Heasked__________________________________.

（誰的書法是班上最好的）4.Pleasetellme_______________________.（我們什么時候開會）5.Canyoutellme_______________.（他在哪兒）6.Couldyoutellme______________________.（我該怎么去車站）7.Wouldyoutellme_________________（為什么火車遲到了）

whocouldanswerthequestion

whomtheyarewaitingfor

whosehandwritingwasthebestintheclass

whenwe’llhaveameeting

whereheis

howIcangettothestation

whythetrainislate練習(xí)題1.Heasked_________________251.

Theyoungmanasked_____it'ssummerorwinter.A.eitherB.thatC.weatherD.whether2.

Wedon'tknow______theydidit.A.howB.whoC.whatD.which3.Theteacherasksus____Jimcancomebackontime.A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whattime

4.Doesanybodyknow______wewillhaveasportsmeetingthisweekendornot.A.ifB.whereC.whetherD.that

DABC練習(xí)題1.

Theyoungmanasked_____i265.Iwonder_______heiscryingnow.A.thatB.whyC.howD.when6.Haveyoufoundout______wecandoonHainanIsland?A.whatB.howC.ifD.whether7.Lilysaid_______shehadfinishedhercomposition.A.ifB.thatC.whenD.where8.Idon’tknow______hestillliveshere.A.whereB.whatC.whenD.whetherBABD5.Iwonder_______heiscryi271.Shesaid:“IlikeEnglishverymuch.”Shesaid()shelikedEnglishverymuch.2.Theteacherasked:“DoyoulikeEnglish?”Theteacherasked()English.3.Mikeasked:“Whenwillourplaneland?”Mikeasked().4.Maryaskedme:“HowlonghaveyoustayedinChina?”Maryaskedme()()inChina.

thatif/whetherwhenhowlongIliked

ourplanewouldlandIhadstayed1.Shesaid:“IlikeEnglishve281.當主句是一般現(xiàn)在時，賓語從句的時態(tài)不作限制,根據(jù)句意用所需要的任何一種時態(tài)。(主現(xiàn)，從不限)

Iknowheliveshere.Iknowhelivedheretenyearsago.Ihaveheardthathewillcometomorrow.第三講：賓語從句的時態(tài)Ihear(that)TomhasbeentoGuilintwice

.

Iamsure(that)shewillcometomorrow.

Ihear(that)Jimwenttoworkanhourago

Iknow(that)heisinterestedinEnglish.1.當主句是一般現(xiàn)在時，賓語從句的時態(tài)不作限制,根據(jù)句意用所29Iknewwholivedhere.Isawshewastalkingwithhermother.Heaskedwhetherhisfatherwouldcomebacktomorrow.Hesaidthathehadseenit.2.當主句是一般過去時的時候，賓語從句必須運用相應(yīng)的過去的時態(tài)

（主過，從四過）一般過去式/過去進行時/過去完成時/過去將來時（如有明確的時間標志表明是一般過去式/過去進行時，就用此時態(tài)；如判斷該用將來時用過去將來時；如判斷該用完成時，就用過去完成時。Hesaid(that)hewouldgotoXi’anthenextday.

Hesaid(that)hewasillyesterday.

Hesaid(that)hewasreadingabookatthattime.

Hesaid(that)hehadhadsupperalready.

Iknewwholivedhere.2.當主句是一30賓語從句全課件313.當從句是客觀真理，定義，公理，定理，客觀存在的事實,自然現(xiàn)象、名言、諺語時主句即使使用了過去時，賓語從句仍然用一般現(xiàn)在時Theteachersaidthattheearthtravelsaroundthesun.

Hesaidthatthesunismuchbiggerthanthemoon.Theteachertoldthestudentsthatnonewsisgoodnews.

ThePEteachersaidthatdoingmorningexerciseisusefultoourhealth.

Hesaid(that)timeismoney.3.當從句是客觀真理，定義，公理，定理，客觀存在的事實,自然321.Ididn’tknowwhattimehe_________theletter.(write)2.MissWangtoldmethattheearth______(move)roundthesun.3.Couldyoutellmewho_________awaythebookalready?(take)4.LingFengtoldmehe_________toShanghaiseveraltimes.(be)5.Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun_______intheeast.(rise)6.Canyoutellmewhatthey______yesterday?(do)

wouldwrite

moves

hastaken

hadbeenrisesdid練習(xí)題1.Ididn’tknowwhattimehe331.Theheadmasterhopeseverything______well.(go)2.Tomsaysthatthey____________(play)basketballatsixo’clockyesterdayevening.3.Ihearthey____________(return)italready.4.Heaskedwhatthey__________ateightlastnight.(do)5.Hesaidthatthey_________membersofthePartysince1948.(be)goeswereplayinghavereturnedweredoinghadbeen1.Theheadmasterhopeseveryth346.Theteachertoldhisclassthatlight_______fasterthansound.(travel)7.Ithinkyou__________abouttherelayracenow.(talk)8.Ididn’tknowwhomtheletters_________from.(be)9.Theradiosaysit_________cloudytomorrow.(be)travelsaretalkingwerewillbe6.Theteachertoldhisclass35將下列句子合并為一句:1.Wheredotheystopontheway?Iasked.2.Whatwillyouspeakatthemeeting?Couldyoutellme?3.Dotheyliketomakefriendswithus?Heasked.4.“Iamdoingmyhomework.”Hesaid.5.“Iwillcomeback.”Tomsaid.6.“Ishedoinghishomework?”Jimasked.Iaskedwheretheystoppedontheway.Couldyoutellmewhatyouwillspeakatthemeeting?Heaskediftheylikedtomakefriendswiththem.

Hesaidthathewasdoinghishomework.

Tomsaidthathewouldcomeback.Jimaskedifhewasdoinghishomework.

將下列句子合并為一句:Iaskedwherethey367.DidthestudentshaveapicniclastSunday?Doyouknow?

8.Mr.SmithhavebeeninChinaforaboutthreeyears.JimtoldLinTao.

Doyouknowif/whetherthestudentshadapicniclastSunday?JimtoldLinTao(that)MrSmithhadbeeninChinaforaboutthreeyears.

9.WhichbookshouldIreadfirst?Pleasetellme.10.Lighttravelsfasterthansound.Ourteachertoldusinyesterday’sclass.PleasetellmewhichbookIshouldreadfirst.Ourteachertoldus(that)lighttravelsfasterthansoundinyesterday’sclass.7.Didthestudentshaveap371．could/would是委婉語氣，而不是過去式，因此賓語從句的時態(tài)根據(jù)實際情況用不同時態(tài)。注意事項Couldyoupleasetellmewhereweshowourtickets?Couldyoutelluswhichgatewehavetogoto?Wouldyouliketoknowwhenhewillcomeback?注意:1．could/would是委婉語氣，而不是過去式，因此382.如果主句的謂語動詞是ask時，連詞不可能是that；如果主句的謂語動詞是say時，連詞用thatShesays(that)shewillleaveamessageonhisdesk.Hesaid(that)hewasgoingtotakecareofthechild.HeasksifIlikeplayingthepiano.Youmayaskthemanovertherehowyoucangettothebusstation.2.如果主句的謂語動詞是ask時，連詞不可能是that；如391．---Mikewantstoknowifwe(have)apicnictomorrow.---Yes.Butifit

(rain),we’llvisitthemuseuminstead.2.Idon’tknowifshe

(tell)mewhenshe

(arrive)我不知道當她回來時她是否會告訴我3.Hedidn’ttellmewhenwe

(hold)

thesportsmeetingthenextweek..3.If既可以引導(dǎo)________從句（是否），又可以引導(dǎo)

從句(如果).從句不同，詞義、時態(tài)變化不同。

When既可以引導(dǎo)賓語從句,（何時）又可以引導(dǎo)

從句。從句不同，

不同。(當……的時候)willhaverainswilltellarriveswouldhold賓語條件狀語時間狀語詞義、時態(tài)變化1．---Mikewantstoknowifwe40Idon’tknowwhenhe___.Whenhe___,I’llletyouknow.A.comes;comesB.willcome;comesC.comes;willcomeD.willcome;willcomeB

解析：例1中包含有賓語從句和條件狀語從句，前一句為賓語從句，后一句為時間狀語從句。在賓語從句中，當主句為一般現(xiàn)在時，從句可根據(jù)句意采用任何時態(tài)，故第一空應(yīng)填將來時；第二句是一個由when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，主句為將來時態(tài)，從句應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，故答案為B。B解析：例1中包含有賓語從句和條件狀語從句，前一句為賓語從41單元語法聚焦三4：賓語從句的“否定轉(zhuǎn)移”當主句的謂語動詞為think,believe等詞，且主語為第一人稱時，從句中的否定詞not應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)移到主句謂語動詞。如：Ithink.Shecan'tcome.(合并為一句)→Idon'tthinkshecancome.

單元語法聚焦三4：賓語從句的“否定轉(zhuǎn)移”42單元語法聚焦三5：賓語從句的簡化結(jié)構(gòu)由特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句通常可以簡化成“特殊疑問詞＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，此時主從復(fù)合句也就變成了簡單句，但簡化必須符合以下兩種條件：1．簡單句的疑問詞為原賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞；2．原從句的主語應(yīng)與主句的主語或間接賓語一致。Idon'tknowwhatIshoulddonext.(改為簡單句)→Idon'tknow____________________.what

to

do

next

單元語法聚焦三5：賓語從句的簡化結(jié)構(gòu)whattodon43單元語法聚焦三考點6：含有賓語從句的復(fù)合句的反意疑問句1．陳述部分是“I/Wethink(know,believe,suppose,consider)＋that從句”或者是“I'm/We'resurethat;I'm/We'reafraidthat;I/Wehopethat;Itseemsthat”時，附加疑問部分的主語應(yīng)和從句一致，但需注意否定前移的情況。如：Idon'tthinkheisright,____________？I'msurethatyouknowhimwell,______________？is

he

don't

you

單元語法聚焦三考點6：含有賓語從句的復(fù)合句的反意疑問句is44單元語法聚焦三7.如果主語是其他人稱，附加疑問部分的主語和主句一致。Yourfatherbelievedyoucouldsucceed,______________？Katedoesn'tknowifJimisagoodsinger,______________？didn't

he

does

she

考點8：賓語從句中人稱的變化注意賓語從句中人稱代詞的正確使用。一般遵循“一隨主，二隨賓，第三人稱不更新”的原則。單元語法聚焦三7.如果主語是其他人稱，附加疑問部分的主語和主451.Couldyoushowme________?A.howcanIgettothestationB.whereisthestationC.howIcouldgettothestationD.howIcanreachthestation2.Pleasetellme_______.A.whatdoeshelikeB.whathedoeslikeC.whathelikesD.whathelike3.Mysistertoldhim________.A.whatdaywasitB.whenthetrainarrivedC.whoshewaswaitingD.wheredidyouliveCBD1.Couldyoushowme________464.Couldyoutellmewherewe_______nextweek.A.wouldgoB.togoC.hadtogoD.willgo5.Couldyoutellmehowmuch________toflytoHainan?A.doitcostB.doesitcostC.itcostD.itcosts6.Thesmallchildrendon'tknow______.A.whatistheirstockingsinB.whatisintheirstockingsC.whereistheirstockingsinD.whatintheirstockingsDBD4.Couldyoutellmewherewe477.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_______.A.whoisheB.whoheisC.whoisitD.whoitis8.Couldyoutellmehowlong__________?A.youhaveboughtthewatchB.youhavekeptthissciencebookC.haveyoubeenawayfromChinaD.haveyoubeenamemberofGreenerChinaBD7.Someoneisringingthedoor48【例1】WhenIwenttohavethebill,IrealizedIhad

mywalletathome.［2006北京市］

A.forgottenB.leftC.hadD.taken中考典型例題解析【例3】—Doyouknow_________Icouldpasstheexam?—Sorry,I'venoidea.A.thatB.whetherC.whatD.whichB【例2】Couldyoutellme_________?［2003甘肅省］

A.whenwillTomcomebackB.whendoesTomcomebackC.whenTomwillcomebackD.whenTomcomesbackCB【例4】Doyouknow_________duringthecomingsummerholiday?［2003北京海淀區(qū)］

A.whatwillTomdoB.whatdidTomdoC.whatTomwilldoD.whatTomdidC【例1】WhenIwenttohavethe49【例7】MrKingdidn'tknow_________yesterdayevening.［2003吉林?。?/p>

A.whendoeshissoncomehomeB.whenhissoncomeshomeC.whendidhissoncomehomeD.whenhissoncamehome【例5】—Doyouknow_________?［2003北京市］

—Nextyear.A.whenhecomeB.whendidhecomeC.whenhewillcomeD.whenwillhecomeC【例6】Couldyoutellus_________?［2003河南?。?/p>

A.whenyouwillsendthefridgetoourhouseB.whenwillyousendthefridgetoourhouseC.whenyouwouldsendthefridgetoourhouseD.whenwouldyousendthefridgetoourhouseDA【例7】MrKingdidn'tknow____50Ⅰ.單項選擇1.Doyouremember_________lasttime?A.whatisyourteachersayingB.whatyourteachersaidC.whatdidyourteachersayD.whatyourteachersays2.Hedidn'ttellme_________A.howoldhewasB.howoldwasheC.hewashowoldD.howmuchdiditcost3.Excuseme,couldyoutellme_________?A.what'swrongwithhimB.whatwrongiswithhimC.whatwaswrongwithhimD.whatwrongwaswithhim課時訓(xùn)練(B)(A)(A)Ⅰ.單項選擇課時訓(xùn)練(B)(A)(A)514.Excuseme，canyoutellme_________?A.whendoesthetrainleaveB.whenthetrainhadleftC.whenthetrainleavesD.whendidthetrainleave5.Iwonder_________.A.wherehaveyougoneB.whereyouhavegoneC.wherehaveyoubeenD.whereyouhavebeen6.Hewantstoknow_________America.A.whenwillMr.LileaveforB.whenwillMr.WangstayinC.whywillMr.WangstayinD.whenMr.Wangwillleavefor7.Iwanttoknowif_________ameetingtomorrow.A.youhaveB.youwillhaveC.doyouhaveD.willyouhave(C)(D)(D)(B)4.Excuseme，canyoutellme__528.I'dliketoknow_________.A.whenwillhegivebackthetapeB.whetherhashereceivedhighereducationC.thathehasbeenbusyD.whethershewilljoininourEnglishEvening9.HeaskedmewhetherI_________tohisbirthdaypartyifI_________time.A.wasgoing,hadB.wouldgo,wouldhaveC.wasgoing,wasgoingtohaveD.willgo,have10.Hesaidhe_________tovisitthatfamousmuseumthenextweek.A.willgoB.shouldgoC.weregoingD.wouldgo11.Heasked_______theycouldgotoBeijingorNanjing.A.howB.whatC.ifD.whether(D)(A)(D)(D)8.I'dliketoknow_________.(53單元語法聚焦三()12.Couldyoutellme________？A．whattodoitB．whattodoC．howtodoD．whentodoB[解析]特殊疑問代詞what作do的賓語，故A項不正確；疑問副詞how，when不能作賓語，C、D兩項錯誤，故選B。單元語法聚焦三()12.Couldyoutellm54Ⅱ.句型轉(zhuǎn)換同義句轉(zhuǎn)換(1)Hetaughtmehowtosurf.Hetaughtmehow__________surf.(2)TheforeignerswanttoknowhowtheycanlearnChinesewell.Theforeignerswanttoknow________learnchinesewell.(3)Hecan'tdecidewhichonetochoose.Hecan'tdecidewhichone___________choose.(4)Heasked“Doyoulikelivinghere?"Heasked____you_______livinghere.IcouldhowtohecouldiflikedⅡ.句型轉(zhuǎn)換Icouldhowtohe55(5)CouldyoutellmewhereIshouldshowthetickets.Couldyoutellme_______________thetickets.(6)IwonderedwhetherIcouldgo.Iwondered____________go.(7)Idon'tknowwhatIshouldsayatthemeeting?Idon'tknow__________say