Unit 1 非限制性定語(yǔ)從句課件 -2023-2024學(xué)年高中英語(yǔ)人教版（2019）選擇性必修第一冊(cè)

Unit1PeopleofAchievementDiscoverusefulstructuresunit1Teachingobjectives（學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)）理解且掌握非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的概念限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)的區(qū)別which和as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別復(fù)習(xí)定從概念定語(yǔ)從句：在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句，其作用相當(dāng)于形容詞。先行詞：被定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的名詞或代詞。關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞。ThewomanwhoisawardedtheNobelprizeisTuYouyou.先行詞關(guān)系詞定語(yǔ)從句who關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞who,whom,which,that,whose,aswhere,when,why關(guān)系詞的作用：①引導(dǎo)作用(引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句)②替代作用(替代先行詞)③在定語(yǔ)從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)某個(gè)成分的作用先行詞在從句中所作成分關(guān)系代詞人主賓定物主賓定先行詞在從句中所作成分關(guān)系副詞時(shí)間名詞時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)地點(diǎn)名詞地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)reason原因狀語(yǔ)who/thatwho/whom/that/省略whose(=ofwhom)that/whichthat/which/省略whose(=ofwhich)whywhenwhere=介詞+which判斷句子是否為定語(yǔ)從句劃出先行詞將先行詞代入從句，看它在從句中所擔(dān)任的成分根據(jù)先行詞在從句中所作成分，得出關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞的確定1.Thatistheboy______motherisafamousmusician.3.Thehouse__________theybuiltin1987stayedupintheearthquake.2.Wedon’tknowthenumberofpeople________losttheirhomesinthe1906earthquake.that/who(which/that)whose4.I’llneverforgettheday_____(=___which)Iwasborn.5.Ivisitedthehouse_____(=__which)LuXunoncelived.6.Thereason_____(=___which)hegotworriedwasthis.when

onwhereinwhyfor區(qū)分that和which1.Theterribletyphoonkilledthepeopleandcattle_______wereinthefields.2.Thewindblewdownthetallesttree______isinfrontofourschoolgate.3.Thisistheverything______Iwaslookingfor.4.Thisisthesecondnovel______Ihaveeverread.5.Thereisnothingintheworld____canfrightenme.6.Whoistheman_______isreadingunderthetree?thatthatthatthatthatthat只能用that，不能用which的情況：①

先行詞既有人,

又有物時(shí)。②先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí),

只用that。③先行詞有theonly,

thevery,

thejust,theright等修飾時(shí),

只用that。④

不定代詞,如something,anything,nothing,everything,all,much,few,any,little,none等作先行詞時(shí),只用that,不用which。⑤當(dāng)主句是以who或which

開(kāi)頭的特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí),

用that以避免重復(fù)。區(qū)分that和which只用which而不用that的情況①非限制性定語(yǔ)從句只用which而不能用that。Hewroteabook___________isonhowtolearnEnglishwell.

限制性定語(yǔ)從句Hewroteabook,______isonhowtolearnEnglishwell.

非限制性定語(yǔ)從句②在介詞提前的定語(yǔ)從句中，只用which而不用that。Thisistheplacein______LuXunusedtolive.which/thatwhichwhich關(guān)系代詞whose的用法1)Achild________parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan.(孤兒)2)Theyliveinahouse,___________windowsfacesouth.

whose

在從句中作定語(yǔ),修飾人或物，意為“……的”，

whose+名詞可換作

the+名詞+ofwhom/which。whosewhoseTheyliveinahouse,thewindows___________facesouth.Theyliveinahouse,___________thewindowsfacesouth.ofwhichofwhichPractice1.Thewoman____istalkingtomymotherisafriendofhers.A.whose

B.who

C.whom

D.which2.Thisistheschool____wevisitedthreedaysago.A.where

B./

C.when

D.what3.Thisisthefactory____weworkedayearago.A.where

B.that

C.which

D.onwhich1)Doyouhaveanything______youdon’tunderstand?2)Theonlything_____wecandoistogiveyousomeadvice.3)Whoistheman_____isstandingthere?4)Herbag,in________sheputallhermoney,hasbeenstolen.5)Sheheardaterriblenoise，______broughtherheartintohermouth.thatthatthatwhichwhichthat與which抽象地點(diǎn)名詞+關(guān)系副詞where當(dāng)先行詞是case,area,stage,degree,point,situation,atmosphere,environment,condition,race等抽象地點(diǎn)名詞時(shí)。1.I’vecometothepoint______Ican’tstandhim.2.Thecountryisinthesituation______awarwillbreakoutatanytime.國(guó)家正處在隨時(shí)有可能爆發(fā)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的局勢(shì)中。我已經(jīng)到了無(wú)法容忍他的地步了。wherewhere介詞+關(guān)系代詞（whom,which）引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句介詞后關(guān)系代詞的選擇：指人用whom,指物用which

1)Thisistheschoolin_______youwillstudy.2)Ihavenomoneywith

_______Icanbuyadictionary.3)Thisistheteacherfrom_______you’lllearnEnglish.4)Thegentlemanabout

_______youtoldmejustnowprovedtobeathief.whichwhichwhomwhom如何確定關(guān)系代詞前的介詞？1.與先行詞的搭配關(guān)系1)Iwillneverforgettheday____which

I

joinedthearmy.2)Iwillneverforgettheyear___whichmyson

wenttocollege.3)

Iwillneverforgettheschool______which

Istudied.4)Hecametoafarm,_____which

hefinallysettled(安頓).on

in

in

on

關(guān)系副詞2.與從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、形容詞的搭配的固定搭配1)Haveyoufoundthebook_____whichIpaid$29?Haveyoufoundthebook______whichIspent$29?Doyouknowtheman_____whomsheoftentalks?TheWestLake,_____whichHangzhouisfamous,isabeautifulplace.for

onabout

for1)Air,_______whichmancan’tlive,isreallyimportant.

空氣非常重要，沒(méi)有了它人類便不能生存。

2)Thisistheman_______whommybrotherhasworkedfortenyears.這就是和我弟弟一起工作了十年的那個(gè)人。withoutwith3.根據(jù)句子的意思來(lái)確定1.Jeannewasheroldfriend,____sheborrowedanecklace.A.fromwhoB.fromwhomC.tothatD.towhom2.Hisglasses,_____hewaslikeablindman,felltothegroundandbrokeitsleg.A.whichB.withwhichC.withoutwhichD.that3.Sheisateacherofmuchknowledge,_____muchcanbelearned.A.whoB.thatC.fromwhichD.fromwhomBCDPRACTICEMAKESPERFECT代詞/名詞/數(shù)詞/形容詞最高級(jí)/介詞短語(yǔ)+of+關(guān)系代詞1.Theylivedinatallbuilding,infrontof

stoodabigtree.2.Therearemorethan50studentsinmyclass,26of

aregirls.3.Hisfamilymembersdon’tlikethesecond-handcar,thepriceof

isveryhigh.4.Itisreportedthattwoschools,bothof

arebeingbuilt,willopennextyear.5.WhenwesternpeopletalkaboutthecitiesofChina,thefirstof

comestotheirmindsisBeijing.whichwhomwhichwhichwhich介詞+whose+名詞1.IwishtothankprofessorSmith,without

helpIwouldneverhavegotthisfar.2.TheDragonTower,from

topvisitorscanenjoyagoodsightofHarbin,attractshundredsoftouristseveryday.whosewhoseNon-RestrictiveAttributiveClausePart021.Isawtheguywhodeliversmymailintownyesterday.2.I'llalwaysremembertheriverwherewelearnedtoswim.3.Doyouknowthereasonwhytheskyisblue?4.She'sthepersonwhosedaughtergoestoHarvard.whichguy?whichriver?thereasonforwhat?whichperson?限制性定語(yǔ)從句若去掉，句子含義不明確無(wú)逗號(hào)與主句隔開(kāi)從句起限定作用，縮小范圍1.理解且掌握非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的概念1.Paris,

whereIspentsixmonthsstudying,isthemostbeautifulcityintheworld.2.Thewomandownthestreet,whosechildrenarethesameageasyours,invitedusoverfordinnernextweek.3.Themovie,whichismyfavoritecomedyofalltime,isbeingshownonTVtomorrownight.有逗號(hào)與主句隔開(kāi)若去掉，不影響句子含義非限制性定語(yǔ)從句從句為附加說(shuō)明若去掉從句不影響句子含義，只是起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明的作用。往往用逗號(hào)分開(kāi),不用that引導(dǎo).先行詞唯一非限制性定語(yǔ)從句Intheclasstherearetenstudentswho/thatspeakEnglishverywell.翻譯：

含義：

形式:2.Intheclasstherearetenstudents,whospeakEnglishverywell.翻譯：

含義：

形式:這個(gè)班有10名英語(yǔ)說(shuō)的好的學(xué)生限制性,班上不只有10名學(xué)生，但只有這10名學(xué)生英語(yǔ)說(shuō)得好沒(méi)有逗號(hào)這個(gè)班有10名學(xué)生,他們英語(yǔ)說(shuō)得很好非限制性，班上只有10個(gè)學(xué)生，補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明他們的英語(yǔ)說(shuō)得好有逗號(hào)2.限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)的區(qū)別AspectRestrictiveRelativeClauseNon-restrictiveRelativeClause形式上主句和從句之間不用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，口語(yǔ)中使用時(shí)也不停頓。與主句之間通常有逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，口語(yǔ)中使用時(shí)有停頓。功能上用于對(duì)先行詞的意義進(jìn)行修飾、限制和識(shí)別，如果去掉，就會(huì)造成句意不完整或概念不清。用于對(duì)先行詞起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明作用，如果省略，句意仍然清楚、完整。翻譯上翻譯在它所修飾的先行詞之前按句子順序，翻譯成兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句先行詞只能是名詞或代詞可以是名詞或代詞，也可以是短語(yǔ)或句子引導(dǎo)詞做賓語(yǔ)可以省略不能使用that,why

歸納：限制性和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別指人指物在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中的作用whowhomwhichasWhose=ofwhich/whom√主語(yǔ) √賓語(yǔ)(不可省略)指代整個(gè)主句√主語(yǔ) 賓語(yǔ)(不可省略)√√定語(yǔ)3.非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系詞的用法1.關(guān)系代詞------非限制性定語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)3.非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系詞的用法ofwhomofwhich歸納：①that不可用于引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句②關(guān)系代詞who在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中只能做主語(yǔ)，不能替代whom做賓語(yǔ)。③whose作定語(yǔ),先行詞是人時(shí),whose十n.相當(dāng)于the+n.

+__________。先行詞是物時(shí),whose十n.相當(dāng)于

the+n.

+

__________。2.關(guān)系副詞-----非限制性定語(yǔ)從句(1)

關(guān)系副詞when在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),指

代主句中表示________的詞語(yǔ)。(2)關(guān)系副詞where在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),

指代

主句中表示________的詞語(yǔ)。(3)when/where有時(shí)可以換成“介詞十which”。(4)不能用why引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,要用___________

代替。時(shí)間地點(diǎn)forwhich【語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用】完成句子。1)Theforeignguests,________(who/that)werescientists,werewarmlywelcomedattheairport.2)Myfatherboughtmeseveralbooks,noneof________(which/that)Iliketoread.3)Isthereanyoneinyourclass________(which/whose)familyisinthecity?4)Football,________(which/that)isaveryinterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld.whowhichwhosewhich5)ThestudentswenttothehospitaltoseeMissZhang,________(that/whom)theyrespectgreatly.6)TheywenttotheRoyalTheatre,________(which/where)theysawthegreatshow.7)Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,________(which/that)wasmorethanIhadexpected.8)Thereare50studentsinourclass,halfof________(whom

/who)aregirls.whomwherewhich

whomAs

everyoneknows,Chinaisacountrywithalonghistory.Sheisagreathero,asisdescribedinthereport.Heinvitedmetodinner,whichmademeveryhappy.Thisnovel,whichIhavereadthreetimes,isverytouching.歸納3：as和which在引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)可代替整個(gè)主句。as和which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)的位置不同:as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句可置于___________________，而which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句不可放在_______________________________。(3)as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句有“__________的意思，而which指“_________”句首、句中句首，只能放在句中3.關(guān)系詞as和which的區(qū)別正如…….這…….as,which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別aswhich指代引導(dǎo)的從句只能指代整個(gè)主句的內(nèi)容引導(dǎo)的從句既可指代整個(gè)主句的內(nèi)容，又可指代主句的某一名詞或代詞位置可位于主句之前、之中或之后可位于主句之中或之后，不能位于主句之前意義“正如，就像…”“這，那”功能起連接上下文的作用，表達(dá)說(shuō)話人的觀點(diǎn)、看法，并指出主句內(nèi)容的根據(jù)或出處等引導(dǎo)的從句，在意義上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)并列句

as常見(jiàn)搭配

asisknowntoall；

asyouknowasisexpectedasweexpectedashasbeenmentionedaboveasisreported/saidasafamoussayinggoesasispointedoutasyoucansee=ascanbeseenasisoftenthecase眾所周知正如你所知道的那樣正如所預(yù)料的那樣正如我們所期待的正如上面所提到的正如報(bào)道/所說(shuō)的那樣正如一句諺語(yǔ)所說(shuō)/俗話說(shuō)正如指出的正如你所看見(jiàn)的

情況通常如此①正如大家所看到的那樣，她工作一直很努力。Sheisalwaysworkinghard，____everyonecansee.②這本書(shū)很有教育意義，是我昨天買的。Thebook，______Iboughtyesterday,isveryinstructive.③她的誠(chéng)實(shí)是大家有目共睹的。______everyonecansee,sheishonest.=Sheishonest，_______everyonecansee.④眾所周知，吸煙有害健康。______weallknow，smokingisharmfultoone'shealth.⑤湯姆突然病倒了，這讓我們很傷心。Tomsuddenlyfellill，_______madeusverysad.aswhichAsasAswhichP.621Choosethewordsintheboxtocompletethesentences.whowhomwhichwhosewhenwhere

in/of/forwhichofwhom1Somepeoplealwaystalkloudlyinpublic,________isreallyannoying.2ProfessorLu,________youspoketo,specialisesinconstitutionallaw.3Pleasecomebackatfouro’clock,________yourherbalmedicinewillbeready.4Whatdoyouwanttowriteaboutthesepeople,________storiesIhavejusttoldyou?5HaveyoubeentotheLouvreMuseum,________youcanseetheMonaLisaondisplay?6Thereare45studentsinourclass,out________only10aretakinganoptionalartcourse.7Hermotherworksinacompany,________employeesareallwomen.8Itisvitaltolearntousethesesoftwareprogrammes,both________canhelpyouwith

collectionandevaluation.

whichwho(m)whenwhosewhereinwhichofwhomofwhichinwhichwhere

P.622Decidewhetherthesentencesarerightorwrong.Correctthemwhere

necessary.1Pleasewritedownthesephrases,allofthemwillbeusefulinyourwriting.2Asaconsequenceofsendinginhisapplicationlate,hedidnotgetapatentforhisinvention,

thatwasnotsurprisingatall.3Theresearchersareevaluatingthousandsofplants,whichhavedistinctmedicalproperties.4Thegentleoldmanistheonlyperson,whomIcantrust.5Haveyoudoneallwhatyoucantohelpthepeopleinneed?6Isthisthebotanicalinstitutewhereyouvisitedlastweek?∧and(構(gòu)成并列句)which(構(gòu)成主從復(fù)合句)which(非限定性從句不能