2023年研究生類碩士研究生學(xué)位課程-英語(yǔ)歷年高頻考題帶答案難題附詳解

2023年研究生類碩士研究生學(xué)位課程-英語(yǔ)歷年高頻考題帶答案難題附詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）第1卷一.歷年考點(diǎn)試題黑鉆版(共50題)1.Inspiteofhisdiminishinginfluence,thisseniorscientistshasasayinsomeimportantissues.A.expandingB.piercingC.decreasingD.lasting2.Wesawhowpersonaldatacouldbe______onanunprecedentedscaletofulfilltheambitionsofthepowerful.A.harvestedB.congestedC.protestedD.manifested3.Childrenfromanobscurefamilyhavetomakegreatereffortstoclimbthesocialladder.A.unknownB.prominentC.controversial.D.rural4.DayronRobleswasonMondaysensationally______hisworld110mhurdlestitleforobstructionofLiuXiang.A.wardedoffB.strippedoffC.calledoffD.paidoff5.Thesefiguresboildowntonosignificanceastheyarestatisticallyimperfect.A.amounttoB.conformtoC.contributetoD.attachto6.Previousresearchhasshownthatthereareimmediate______benefitsfromeatingchocolate.A.cognitiveB.imaginativeC.creativeD.competitive7.WhatwereoncefamilyhomesinLondonarebeingconvertedintotinyfiatsforsingleex-homelesspeople.A.restrictedB.conveyedC.diversifiedD.transformed8.ResidentsinbigcitiesinChinatendtodisposeofsomeoldfurniturewhenmoving.A.getpossessionofB.getridofC.holdontoD.keeptrackof9.Thepoliceare______thesuburbsforthemissingcar.A.seekingB.combingC.lookingD.investigating10.Julietisnewatthisjob,butherenthusiasmcanmakeupforherlackofskill.A.compensateforB.callforC.runforD.optfor11.TheEnglishwritingofcollegestudentsinChinaisgenerallyredundantforlackofspecificwords.A.ambiguousB.wordyC.unconvincingD.stereotyped12.Theauthortakesgreatcaretoestablishanaccurateaccountingofthe______oftheviolenceduringtheNankingMassacre.A.perspectivesB.dimensionsC.concentrationsD.extensions13.Directions:PutthefollowingparagraphintoChinese.WriteyourChineseversionintheproperspaceonAnswerSheetⅡ.

Astheworldisintransition,sotheEnglishlanguageisitselftakingnewforms.This,ofcourse,hasalwaysbeentrue:Englishhaschangedsubstantiallyinthe1,500yearsorsoofitsuse,reflectingpatternsofcontactwithotherlanguagesandthechangingcommunicationneedsofpeople.Butinmanypartsoftheworld,asEnglishistakenintothefabricofsociallife,itacquiresamomentumandvitalityofitsown,developinginwayswhichreflectlocalcultureandlanguages,whiledivergingincreasinglyfromthekindofEnglishspokeninBritainorNorthAmerica.14.Manyeffectivemeasuresarebeingtakentocurbtherisingpriceofproperty.A.spurB.checkC.glorifyD.alienate15.Althoughprovokedandabused______,thepolicemanrefrainedfromlosinghistemper.A.legitimatelyB.verballyC.prudentlyD.gracefully16.Thoseprisonersatconcentrationcampswereexhaustedfromachroniclackoffood.A.recentB.acuteC.constantD.severe17.Weshouldbearinmindthatpupilswhodislikeschoolmustbegivena(an)incentivetolearn.A.objectiveB.spurC.stimulationD.goal18.Uponlearningthathismotherwasgravelyill,hewastednotimegettingtothehospital.A.suddenlyB.moderatelyC.seriouslyD.genetically19.SectionB

Directions:PutthefollowingparagraphintoEnglish.WriteyourEnglishversionintheproperspaceonAnswerSheetⅡ.

春節(jié)是中國(guó)人家庭團(tuán)圓和舉辦特別活動(dòng)的喜慶日子。北方的哈爾濱市舉辦冰雕展覽。南方正是杜鵑花和桃花盛開的時(shí)節(jié)，所以廣州舉辦一年一度的花市。長(zhǎng)達(dá)7個(gè)小時(shí)的春節(jié)聯(lián)歡晚會(huì)，收看的觀眾之多，居然遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過(guò)美國(guó)收看美式超級(jí)杯季后賽的觀眾。20.PutthefollowingparagraphintoChinese.

Whendominantinnovatorsinasciencerespondtothechallengeofasituationthatdemandssomechangeinitspractice,thismaytakeanumberofforms,andrivalschoolsmaygrowuparounddifferentleadersrespondingdifferentlytoaparticularsituation.Theserivalriesmaybereinforcedandperpetuatedbytheuseofstandardtextbooks.Anyempiricalsciencemustbeabletocopewithitsownphenomena,andonceanyobservationisacceptedasrelevant,itstheoryandmodesofdescriptionandanalysismustbeabletohandleitwithscientificadequacy,ofwhichexhaustiveness,consistency,economyarebasicprinciples.Theextensionofasciencetonewbutrelevantfieldsmayrequirethefurtherelaborationandpresentationofexistingtheoryalongpreviously-followedlines.21.SectionA

PutthefollowingparagraphintoChinese.

Changesanddevelopmentsinasciencearedeterminedbynumerouscauses.Everysciencegrowsfromitspast,andthestatereachedinapreviousgenerationprovidesthestartingpointforthenext.Butnoscienceiscarriedoninavacuum,withoutreferencetoorcontactwithothersciencesandthegeneralatmosphereforlearning.Scientistsandmenoflearningarealsomenoftheirageandcountry,andtheycan'tliveindependentoftheculture.Besidesitsownpast,thecourseofscienceisalsoaffectedbythesocialcontextofitscontemporaryworldandtheintellectualpremisesinit.Applicationsofthescienceandtheexpectationsthatothershaveofitmaybeaveryimportantdeterminantofthedirectionofitsgrowthandchanges.22.CherieBlairfeelsshehasalottosaywhenaskedwhatshelikes______herhusband.A.fromB.inC.toD.about23.Observerscommentedthatlossofindependencewastoohigha(n)______topayforpeace.A.costB.expenseC.expenditureD.price24.Inordertomaketheearthabetterplaceforustolivein,weshouldtryourbesttoperpetuateallspecies.A.perplexB.persecuteC.preserveD.prosecute25.Artistsshouldcultivatetheirown______styleratherthanalwaysimitatingothers.A.singleB.individualC.privateD.separate26.Thesediscoverieshaveopenedupnew______inthefieldofcancerresearch.A.rainbowsB.horizonsC.altitudesD.paradoxes27.Russiais______thelargestcountryintheworld,coveringmorethananinthoftheEarth'slandarea.A.farfromB.byfarC.atfirstD.otherthan28.Directions:PutthefollowingparagraphintoEnglish.

在21世紀(jì)之初，婦女問(wèn)題更是舉世關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)之一，以行動(dòng)謀求平等、發(fā)展與和平，已成為整個(gè)國(guó)際社會(huì)不可逆轉(zhuǎn)的潮流。今后幾年，是我國(guó)推進(jìn)改革開放和現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的重要時(shí)期，也是我國(guó)婦女進(jìn)步與發(fā)展的重要時(shí)期。廣大婦女要發(fā)揚(yáng)自尊、自信、自立、自強(qiáng)的精神，在推動(dòng)社會(huì)發(fā)展的過(guò)程中求得自身的進(jìn)步與發(fā)展。29.ManypeoplehavebeentryingtoshedlightonthemysterysurroundingthedeathofMarilynMonroe.A.dressupB.clearupC.coverupD.makeup30.Asimplebloodtestmayhelpidentifythose______highriskofdyingfromheartdisease.A.inB.onC.atD.for31.Thisyounglawyerdarestotakeonthepowerfulonbehalfofthepoorandweak.A.winthefavorofB.findgoodjobsforC.assumetheresponsibilityforD.acceptthechallengeof32.Abeliefinsomethinggreaterthanourselvessustainsuswhenweareinpainorscared.A.encouragesB.undergoesC.feedsD.prolongs33.Alargepartofhumanactivity,particularlyinrelationtotheenvironment,is______conditionsorevents.A.inresponsetoB.infavorofC.incontrasttoD.inexcessof34.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayofnolessthan150wordsunderthetitleof"MyChoiceofaCareer".Youareadvisedtoavoidusinganystereotypedexpressionsorsentences,suchas"lastbutnottheleast".35.Arecentsurveyhasfoundthatthreeoutoffourwomenwon'tmarryamanwithoutajob.A.outsideB.inC.fromD.beyond36.Factoryworkerswillsubmittopunishmentiftheyfailtoachievetherequiredstandards.A.carryonwithB.besubjectedtoC.giveintoD.doawaywith37.Thebeliefthatit'shealthytoletoftsteamnolonger______,forweareworkingunderheavypressure.A.holdsB.carriesC.takesD.stands38.Ittakescourageto______alltheoppositiontothedecisiontohavethesecorruptofficialsarrested.A.breakdownB.turndownC.letdownD.shutdown39.China'spursuitofruleoflawhasbroughtaboutconsiderablechangesandwonglobal______.A.medicationB.acquisitionC.conventionD.recognition40.大學(xué)畢業(yè)生主要關(guān)心的事情之一就是自己的發(fā)展前景。雖然名校畢業(yè)生成名的可能性更大，但學(xué)歷并不一定能決定你的未來(lái)。俗話說(shuō)“行行出狀元”。人們已不像從前那樣在乎社會(huì)地位。從事自己喜愛的工作的人遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過(guò)那些追求名利的人。41.Hedidnotrelishappealingamongsthisfriendsand______oftheircriticismorcensure.A.runningshortB.runningoutC.runningthegauntletD.runningahead42.中國(guó)科研人員每年發(fā)表的論文數(shù)量之大，令人吃驚，但學(xué)術(shù)價(jià)值高的只是很小一部分。愿意從事耗時(shí)的實(shí)驗(yàn)和敢于克服困難是有成就科學(xué)家的基本素質(zhì)。伴隨成功的往往是失敗。不論結(jié)果如何，任何為創(chuàng)新做出的努力都是有回報(bào)的。43.NorthKorealaunchedalong-rangerocketcarryingwhatitcalledasatellite______globalwarnings.A.inlinewithB.indefianceofC.inconformitywithD.incaseof44.Heart-brokenanddesperate,shewasdeterminedtoleavethisfamilyforgood.A.permanentlyB.alternativelyC.temporarilyD.desirably45.SectionB

PutthefollowingparagraphintoEnglish.

電信的高速發(fā)展使手機(jī)成為中學(xué)生的寵兒。盡管手機(jī)有很多功能，但會(huì)對(duì)青少年學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)產(chǎn)生一些負(fù)面影響，如考試作弊、課堂不注意聽講。此外，經(jīng)常使用手機(jī)減少了面對(duì)面交流，而長(zhǎng)期接觸手機(jī)輻射還會(huì)造成記憶力下降或增加患腦瘤的概率。46.Thiscountrycouldhaveasmanyas10millioncasesofAIDSin2010ifthe______isnottakenseriously.A.episodeB.epidemicC.equivalentD.eruption47.TheEnglishabstractofyourthesisleavesmuchtobedesired,soyouhavetorewriteit.A.isnearcompletionB.isfarfromperfectC.isamongthebestD.isoflittleworth48.Ingeneral,theamountthatastudentspendsforhousingshouldbeheldtoone-fifthofthetotal______forlivingexpenses.A.acceptableB.applicableC.advisableD.available49.SectionB

Directions:PutthefollowingparagraphintoEnglish.

計(jì)算機(jī)具有的功能可以使一個(gè)公司的人在全國(guó)甚至全世界一起工作。但是，如果明天的計(jì)算機(jī)不是根據(jù)必須使用它們的人們的需要和能力設(shè)計(jì)的話，那么這種功能將毫無(wú)用處。換言之，必須遵循以人為中心的哲學(xué)。這就意味著改變計(jì)算機(jī)以適應(yīng)人們的長(zhǎng)處——觀察、交流和創(chuàng)新，而不是要人們按計(jì)算機(jī)所提出的不自然的要求去做。50.Alarge-scalewildfirebrokeoutthatforcedthe______ofover2,000peoplejustwestofMadrid.A.speculationB.successionC.evacuationD.interrogation第1卷參考答案一.歷年考點(diǎn)試題黑鉆版1.參考答案：C2.參考答案：A[解析]該句意為：我們看到別人是如何以前所未有的規(guī)模收集我們的個(gè)人信息，以實(shí)現(xiàn)掌權(quán)人的夢(mèng)想。

harvest：收割，收獲，收集；congest：使……堵塞；protest：抗議；manifest：展現(xiàn)，表現(xiàn)，明顯的。3.參考答案：A[解析]obscure：無(wú)名的，暗淡的，模糊的，不容易理解的；unknown：無(wú)人知曉的，沒(méi)名氣的；prominent：著名的，明顯的，突出的；controversial：有爭(zhēng)議的；rural：農(nóng)村的4.參考答案：B[解析]wardoff：躲避，避免；stripoff：剝奪；calloff：取消(活動(dòng))；payoff：償還，有回報(bào)5.參考答案：D[解析]劃線詞boildowntov．“歸結(jié)為”。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，A項(xiàng)amountto“總計(jì)”；B項(xiàng)conformtov．“符合，遵照”；C項(xiàng)contributetov．“捐獻(xiàn)”；D項(xiàng)attachto=toascribeorassign“認(rèn)為有(重要性等)；歸咎于或指定”，例如：attachednosignificancetothethreat．不重視這種威脅。譯文：這些數(shù)據(jù)歸納起來(lái)沒(méi)有任何意義，因其數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)并不完善。6.參考答案：A[解析]該句意為：以前的研究表明，吃巧克力能快速提高認(rèn)知能力。cognitive：認(rèn)知的；imaginative：想象力豐富的；creative：有創(chuàng)造力的；competitive：充滿競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的。7.參考答案：D[解析]該句意為：在倫敦，曾經(jīng)是一家人居住的房子正在被改造為蝸居，供單身的、以前無(wú)家可歸的人居住。

convert：轉(zhuǎn)變，轉(zhuǎn)換，使……成為；restrict：限制；convey：傳送，傳達(dá)，表達(dá)；diversify：使……多樣化；transform：轉(zhuǎn)換，改變。8.參考答案：Bdisposeof：處理，解決，扔掉getpossessionof：得到，弄到手；getridof：擺脫，扔掉，處理；holdonto：緊緊抓住，不放棄；keeptrackof：跟蹤9.參考答案：BB項(xiàng)comb“(像用梳子梳一樣的)搜索”。A項(xiàng)seek“查詢(信息)，努力獲得”；C項(xiàng)look后加for“尋找……”；D項(xiàng)investigate“調(diào)查詢問(wèn)，系統(tǒng)地檢查”。10.參考答案：A[解析]該句意為：朱麗葉剛剛從事這個(gè)工作，但她熱情很高，勤能補(bǔ)拙。

makeupfor：補(bǔ)償，彌補(bǔ)；compensatefor：補(bǔ)償；callfor：需要，呼吁；runfor：參加……競(jìng)選；optfor：選擇。11.參考答案：B[解析]redundant：?jiǎn)碌?，用詞過(guò)多的；ambiguous：意義不清的，有多種含義的；wordy：用詞過(guò)多的；unconvincing：不令人信服的；stereotyped：成見的，固定看法的，無(wú)新意的12.參考答案：B[解析]perspective：角度，正確看待事物的能力；dimension：維度，程度，范圍；concentration：集中，濃度；extension：延長(zhǎng)，延伸13.參考答案：由于世界正處于轉(zhuǎn)型時(shí)期，因此英語(yǔ)本身也出現(xiàn)了新形式。在人們使用英語(yǔ)的1500年左右的時(shí)間里，英語(yǔ)經(jīng)歷了實(shí)質(zhì)性變化，反映出英語(yǔ)和其他語(yǔ)言之間聯(lián)系形式的變化，以及人們不斷變化的交際需求，這些當(dāng)然都是勿庸置疑的。然而，目前在世界許多地區(qū)，隨著英語(yǔ)融入社會(huì)生活，成為社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)的一部分，這一語(yǔ)言擁有了自己的發(fā)展動(dòng)力和生命力，其發(fā)展體現(xiàn)了當(dāng)?shù)匚幕驼Z(yǔ)言的影響，而與英國(guó)人、北美人所說(shuō)的英語(yǔ)相差越來(lái)越大。14.參考答案：B[解析]該句意為：正在采取有效措施抑制房?jī)r(jià)的上漲。

curb：抑制，遏制；spur：刺激，鼓勵(lì)；check：核實(shí)，檢查，抑制；glorify：美化；alienate：疏遠(yuǎn)，異化，轉(zhuǎn)移，使……不友好。15.參考答案：B[解析]該句意為：盡管受到激怒和語(yǔ)言侮辱，這位警察始終克制自己的情緒。

legitimately：合法地；verbally：通過(guò)語(yǔ)言，口頭上；prudently：謹(jǐn)慎地；gracefully：優(yōu)雅地，文雅地。16.參考答案：Crecent：最近的；acute：急性的，劇烈的，敏銳的；constant：不斷的，不停的，長(zhǎng)期的；severe：嚴(yán)重的17.參考答案：C[解析]C項(xiàng)stimulation“激勵(lì)，鼓舞”，與劃線詞為一對(duì)近義詞。A項(xiàng)objective“目標(biāo)”，因?yàn)槟繕?biāo)是不能學(xué)的，只能達(dá)到或取得，故排除在正確選項(xiàng)之外。B項(xiàng)spur“鞭策，刺激”，這與incentive“激勵(lì)”的動(dòng)機(jī)不吻合，D項(xiàng)goal“目標(biāo)”。18.參考答案：C[解析]gravely：嚴(yán)重地，嚴(yán)肅地；suddenly：突然；moderately：適度地；seriously：嚴(yán)重地，認(rèn)真地；genetically：基因上19.參考答案：SpringFestivalisatimeforfamilyreunionsinChina，andspecialevents．ThenorthemcityofHarbinfeaturesanexhibitionoficesculptures．Inthesouth，azaleaandpeachtreesareinbloom，SOthecityofGuangzhouhostsanannualFlowerFair．Aseven-hourlongNewYear'sEvetelevisionextravaganzaattractsalargeraudiencethaneventheAmerica'sSuperBowl!20.參考答案：形勢(shì)要求某一學(xué)科改變研究方法，而該學(xué)科主要革新者迎接形勢(shì)的挑戰(zhàn)時(shí)，可能采取若干形式，而且由于不同學(xué)術(shù)帶頭人對(duì)某一形勢(shì)有不同的反應(yīng)，會(huì)出現(xiàn)彼此對(duì)立的學(xué)派。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)教科書的使用加劇了對(duì)立的局面并使其長(zhǎng)期存在。任何基于經(jīng)驗(yàn)的科學(xué)必須能處理屬于自己領(lǐng)域內(nèi)的現(xiàn)象。一旦某個(gè)觀察被認(rèn)為是相關(guān)的，該學(xué)科的理論和描述分析方式必須能科學(xué)地加以處理，內(nèi)容詳盡、觀點(diǎn)一致和省錢省力是基本的原則。把某一學(xué)科延伸到新的相關(guān)領(lǐng)域可能要求沿著先前的路線對(duì)現(xiàn)的理論做進(jìn)一步闡述和表達(dá)。[解析]

1．...asituationthatdemandssomechangeinitspractice句中，that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾situation。該句中的practice最好不要翻譯成“實(shí)踐”，可譯為“研究方法”。主句中的this指代從句。并列句中的schools正確意義是“學(xué)派”或“流派”，而不是“學(xué)?！?。

2．第3行中的respondingdifferentlyto...是定語(yǔ)，修飾leaders。aparticular...的確切意義是“某一個(gè)”，而不是“特殊的”，如flowinaparticulardirection或learnaparticularforeignlanguage，根本沒(méi)有“特殊的方向”或“特殊的外語(yǔ)”。perpetuate的意義可通過(guò)其形容詞形式perpetual推斷。

3．第7行中的it指代從句中的observation，而...ofwhich...是非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾scientificadequacy。最后一句中的elaboration與presentation是并列的，“闡述”的對(duì)象是existingtheory。21.參考答案：一個(gè)學(xué)科的變化和進(jìn)展(進(jìn)步)取決于眾多因素。每一學(xué)科都是過(guò)去的產(chǎn)物，上一代人達(dá)到的水平是下一代人的起點(diǎn)。但任何一個(gè)學(xué)科都不是在真空中發(fā)展的，都要參照或接觸其他學(xué)科和總的學(xué)術(shù)環(huán)境?？茖W(xué)家和從事學(xué)術(shù)研究的人要受自己所處的時(shí)代和國(guó)家影響，他們不可能脫離文化生活?？茖W(xué)發(fā)展的道路(進(jìn)程)不僅受過(guò)去的影響，也受當(dāng)時(shí)世界的社會(huì)環(huán)境和知識(shí)前提的影響。學(xué)科的應(yīng)用和其他人對(duì)該學(xué)科的期望可能在很大程度上決定(左右)學(xué)科發(fā)展和變化的方向。[解析]

1．science既表示“科學(xué)”，也可表示“某一學(xué)科”。

2．第5句中的besidesitsownpast不能翻譯為“除了其過(guò)去”或“不僅它的過(guò)去”，理由是該結(jié)構(gòu)在意義上與socialcontext：和intellectualpremises并列，是影響因素之一。

3．該句中course的實(shí)際意義是“路線”或“進(jìn)程”，不能翻譯為“課程”或“過(guò)程”。

4．最后一句的expectationsthatothershaveofitmaybe...可能難懂。applications和expectations是并列的，句中that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾expectations，而it指代前面的thescience，與后面的maybe無(wú)關(guān)。還原的句子是othershaveexpectationsofthescience。22.參考答案：D本句考查about的用法。該詞常用于以下幾個(gè)句式：

Thereissomething/nothing...about...

Whatis...about...isthat...

Themost...thingabout...isthat...23.參考答案：Dcost：成本，費(fèi)用，代價(jià)；expense：支出，費(fèi)用，花費(fèi)；expenditure：支出；price：價(jià)格，定價(jià)，代價(jià)(與pay連用)24.參考答案：C[解析]劃線詞perpetuate“使永存，使不朽”。A項(xiàng)perplex“困惑”；B項(xiàng)persecute“迫害”；C項(xiàng)preserve“保護(hù)，保存”；D項(xiàng)prosecute“告發(fā)，起訴”。C項(xiàng)與劃線詞語(yǔ)意最為接近。25.參考答案：Bsingle：?jiǎn)紊淼?，單人的，唯一的；individual：個(gè)人的，單獨(dú)的，單個(gè)的；private：私人的，私下的，私有的；separate：分開的，單獨(dú)的，不相連的。26.參考答案：B[解析]rainbow：彩虹；horizon：地平線，視野，可做到的事情；altitude：高度；paradox：自相矛盾27.參考答案：B[解析]farfrom：遠(yuǎn)非(接形容詞)，遠(yuǎn)離；byfar：絕對(duì)，毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，確定無(wú)疑(常與最高級(jí)連用)；atfirst：起初，最初；otherthan：除……之外，不包括28.參考答案：Atthebeginningofthe21stcentury，thequestionofwomenhasbecomeoneofthefocusesofinternationalattentionandtogetequality,developmentandpeacewithactionshasbecomeanirreversibletidefortheinternationalcommunity.ThecomingfewyearsareanimportantperiodnotonlyforChina'sopenandreformandmodernizationeffortsbutalsofortheprogressanddevelopmentofChinesewomen.Itisimperativeforthebroadmassesofwomentodisplaythespiritofself-respect,self-confidence,independenceandself-relianceandworktoattaintheirownprogressanddevelopmentinthecourseofpromotingsocialdevelopment.29.參考答案：B[解析]該句意為：許多人一直在試圖揭開圍繞瑪麗蓮·夢(mèng)露之死的謎團(tuán)。

shedlighton：澄清，解釋清楚；dressup：穿上漂亮的衣服，打扮；clearup：澄清，放晴；coverup：掩蓋，遮??；makeup：編造，占據(jù)，makeupfor：補(bǔ)償。30.參考答案：C31.參考答案：D[解析]劃線詞takeon=toundertakeorbegintohandleoroppose“從事，開始對(duì)付”。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，A項(xiàng)winthefavorof“博得喜愛”；B項(xiàng)findgoodjobsfor“找到好的工作”；C項(xiàng)assumetheresponsibilityfor“承擔(dān)責(zé)任”；D項(xiàng)acceptthechallengeof“接受……的挑戰(zhàn)”。主要集中在選項(xiàng)C和D，根據(jù)題意選后者。譯文：這位律師勇于代表窮人和弱勢(shì)群體與當(dāng)局抗?fàn)帯?2.參考答案：A[解析]該句意為：每當(dāng)我們痛苦或恐懼時(shí)，超越自我的信仰能增添我們的信心。

sustain：承受，維持，保持，鼓勵(lì)；encourage：鼓勵(lì)；undergo：經(jīng)歷；feed：喂養(yǎng)，飼養(yǎng)，培育，提供糧食；prolong：延長(zhǎng)。33.參考答案：Ainresponseto“為適應(yīng)，為響應(yīng)”。A項(xiàng)語(yǔ)意最合適。B項(xiàng)infavorof“贊同，有利于……”；C項(xiàng)incontrastto“與……相反”；D項(xiàng)inexcessof“較……為多”。34.參考答案：[范文]

Itispossiblethateachofusgraduatestudentshopestobeadistinguishedscientistorasuccessfulbusinessman.Thisisquiteunderstandable,giventhesocialstatusandpublicityenjoyedbythesepeople.However,Iwillchoosetobeahighschoolteacher.

Thereareanumberofadvantagestoteachingatanelitehighschool.Tostartwith,thejobasahighschoolteacherisstableandrespectable.Youdon'thavetoworryaboutunemployment,soyourlifewon'tbetoostressful.Besides,youcanenjoytwovacationsthatseemenviabletomanypeople.

Secondly,youwillbemorethanhappytoseesomeofyourstudentshavefinishedcollegeandareworkingindifferentplacesalloverthecountry.Theyareasourceofprideinyourlife.Whereveryougo,youarelikelytobewellreceivedbyyourformerstudents.Theyaddjoytoyourlife.

I'mstudyingbiologyatamedicalschool.IhopetofindateachingjobafterIhavegotmydoctoraldegree.Mywishisprettymodest,soI'mconvincedthatitcancometrue.I'mlookingforwardtothedayIstandinfrontofmystudentstalkingtoandsmilingatthem.35.參考答案：B[解析]介詞in和outof常用于表示比例，outof常接every，如oneoutofeveryfivechildren(1/5的兒童)。36.參考答案：B[解析]該句意為：如果沒(méi)能達(dá)到規(guī)定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，工廠的工人將受到懲罰。

submitto：受到；carryonwith：繼續(xù)；besubjectedto：遭受，接受；giveinto：對(duì)……讓步；doawaywith：廢除。37.參考答案：A38.參考答案：A[解析]該句意為：政府決定把這些腐敗分子繩之以法，而克服各種阻力是需要勇氣的。breakdown：克服，分解，汽車拋錨，情緒失控；turndown：拒絕；letdown：使……失望；shutdown：（電腦）關(guān)機(jī)。39.參考答案：D[解析]該句意為：中國(guó)追求法治，帶來(lái)了巨大變化，并得到全球的承認(rèn)。

medication：藥物治療；acquisition：獲得(acquire的名詞形式)，(語(yǔ)言的)習(xí)得，購(gòu)買；convention：常規(guī)，協(xié)議，大會(huì)；recognition：承認(rèn)，辨認(rèn)。40.參考答案：Oneofthemajorconcernsofcollegegraduatesistheirownprospectsofdevelopment.Graduatesofwell-knownschoolsaremorelikelytobecomesuccessfulandfamous,butacademicdegreeswillnotnecessarilyshape(determine)yourfuture.Thereisasayingthatpeoplefromallwalksoflifecanbecomegreatmasters/everyonehasthepotentialtoexcelinwhateverhedoes/eachoccupationcanproduceitsownmasters.Peoplenolongercareabouttheirsocialstatusasmuchastheyusedto.Farmorepeopleengageinjobstheyenjoythanseekfameandwealth.41.參考答案：Crunthegauntlet原指昔日的一種體罰“夾笞刑”，即受刑人從兩排人之間跑過(guò)，由列隊(duì)者毆打，后引申為“備受抨擊”，這里指受到朋友的抨擊和斥責(zé)。A項(xiàng)runshort“用完，缺乏”；B項(xiàng)runout“花完”；D項(xiàng)runahead“超過(guò)，趕過(guò)”。42.參考答案：ResearchersinChinaannuallypublishasurprisinglylargenumberofacademicpapers,mostofwhich,however,areoflowacademicvalue/onlyasmallfractionofwhichareofhighacademicvalue.Awillingnesstoconduct/perform/carryouttime-consumingexperimentsandthecouragetoovercomedifficultyarebasicqualitiesofaccomplishedscientists.Successisoftenaccompaniedbyfailure.Whatevertheresult/outcome,eacheffortwillpayoff/berewarded/noeffortwillbeinvain.43.參考答案：B[解析]該句意為：盡管受到全球警告，但朝鮮還是發(fā)射了自稱為衛(wèi)星的遠(yuǎn)程火箭。

inlinewith：與……一致，符合……(相當(dāng)于inconformitywith)；indefianceof：盡管有……，公然對(duì)抗……；incaseof：在發(fā)生……的情況下。44.參考答案：Aforgood：永遠(yuǎn)，十分流行的；permanently：永遠(yuǎn)；alternatively：或者，作為替代方案；temporarily：暫時(shí)；desirably：可取，受歡迎45.參考答案：Thefastdevelopmentoftelecommunicationshasmadethecell(mobile)phonepopularamong(afavoriteof)highschoolers(highschoolstudents).Despiteitsmultiple(many)functions,thecellphonehassomenegative(adverse)effectontheacademicperformanceofteenagers，suchascheatingonatestordistraction(lackofattention/lackofconcentration/ashortenedattentionspan)inclass.Besides,regularuseofacellphoneendsupwithlessface-to-facecommunicationwhilechronicexposuretotheradiationfromthecellphonecanleadto(resultin/cause)thedeclineofmemoryorincreasethechance(odds/prospect)ofdevelopingabraintumor.[解析]

1．翻譯“電腦”或“手機(jī)”時(shí)要注意冠詞的使用，不能寫成usecomputer。

2．經(jīng)常用academic來(lái)表達(dá)與“學(xué)習(xí)”相關(guān)的意義，如academicexcellence(學(xué)習(xí)好)，academicperformance(學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī))。

3．能使