2023年自考類英語自考英語國家概況歷年高頻考題帶答案難題附詳解

2023年自考類英語自考英語國家概況歷年高頻考題帶答案難題附詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）第1卷一.歷年考點試題黑鉆版(共50題)1.TheGreatCharterwassignedin______andhad______clauses.A.1251,63B.1251,73C.1215,63D.1215,732.ThePeaceConferencein1919wasdominatedbytheBigFour,thatis,______.A.theUnitedStates,Britain,SpainandItalyB.theUnitedStates,Japan,FranceandItalyC.theUnitedStates,Britain,FranceandItalyD.theUnitedStates,Britain,FranceandRussia3.WhoistheheadoftheAustraliangovernment?4.WhichofthefollowingisnotamongPresidentTheodoreRoosevelt'scontributions?______A.TheimplementationoftheShermanAnti-trustAct.B.Theinitiationoflarge-scaleirrigationprojects.C.TheadoptionoftheHepburnActof1906.D.ThepassageoftheFederalReserveAct.5.WhoarethetwoIrishpoetsthatwontheNobelPrizefewLiterature?6.TheAnglo-Saxonsestablishedthe______system,wherebythelordofthemanorcollectedtaxesandorganizedthelocalarmy.A.slaveB.feudalC.manorialD.capitalist7.DuringWorldWarⅡ,Canadafoughtasanallyof______withnearlyonemillionpeopleservinginthearmedforces.A.GermanyB.SwissC.ItalyD.Britain8.LangstonHugheswasregardedasBlackAmerica'spoetlaureatebecause______.A.hedepictedurbanBlacksrealisticallyB.hewroteinfreeverseC.heusedunconventionalformsD.alloftheabove9.______of1066isperhapsthebest-knowneventinEnglishhistory,inwhichWilliam,theConquerorconfiscatedalmostallthelandandgaveittohisfollowers.A.TheRomanConquestB.TheAnglo-SaxonConquestC.TheNormanConquestD.TheCeltConquest10.______isregardedbymanyEnglishmenasthefoundationofEnglishliber-ties.A.ThebeginningofBritishParliamentB.Thepeople'sCharterC.ThepetitionofRightD.MagnaCartaof121511.Thatcherism12.WhataretheaimoftheMarshallPlan?13.______newspapersaredirectedatreaderswhowantfullinformationonawiderangeofpublicmatters.A.QualityB.PopularC."Mid-market"D.Tabloid14.InEnglandandWales,laymagistrates("justiceofthepeace"orJPs)areappointedby______.A.theMonarchB.theParliamentC.thePrimeMinisterD.theLordChancellor15.IntheUnitedStates,educationalpoliciesaredeterminedby______.A.thefederalgovernmentB.thelocalschooldistrictC.boardoftrusteesD.thestateandboardoftrusteesinsomestates16.TheleaderoftheHouseofLordsis______.A.theArchbishopsofCanterburyB.theMonarchC.thePrimeMinisterD.theLordChancellor17.Valentine'sDayison______.A.April1stB.November20thC.February14thD.May4th18.ThewordHeptarchyisusedtodescribethesituationinEnglandinthe6thcenturywhen______.A.thecountrywasdividedintosevenkingdomsB.thecountrywasfightingagainstinvadersC.troopsofinvadersarrivedinlargenumbersD.manywarlordswerefightingeachother19.______ofNewYorkusedtobeanimportantimmigrationreceptionspot.A.EllisIslandB.ManhattanC.BrooklynD.LongIsland20.TheauthorofTheCanterburyTalesis______.A.JohnDenneB.GeoffreyChaucerC.T.S.EliotD.ThomasBecket21.ThecapitalofBritainis______.A.CardiffB.LondonC.BelfastD.Dublin22.InEnglishhistorythe"Rump"referredto______whovotedforCharlesI'sexecution.

A.membersoftheLongParliamentB.theCavalierswhosupportedCharlesⅠC.supportersofEpiscopalianbeliefD.Puritansandtheirfollowers23.InrecentyearstherehasbeenadeclineinEuropeanapplicationstoimmigrationtoCanadaandanincreaseinthosefromAsia,theCaribbeanand______.A.theU.S.B.NewZealandC.AustraliaD.NorthAmerica24.WhatisIrelandcalledinIrish?A.Irea.B.Aire.C.Eare.D.Eire.25.ThesafeguardsagainstabuseofpowersintheUnitedStatescomeintheformof______.A.separationofpowersB.executiveordersC.presidentialelectionsD.judicialreviews26.TheBlackDeathsweptthroughEnglandonthesummerof______withoutwarning.A.1348B.1347C.1350D.135127.ThespiritoftheGreatCharterwas______.A.alimitationofthepowersofthekingB.aguaranteeofthefreedomoftheserfsC.alimitationofthepowersoftheChurchD.adeclarationofequalityamongallpeople28.Intheearlypartofthe19thcentury,______wasthecenterofAmericanwriting.

A.BostonB.PhiladelphiaC.ChicagoD.NewYork29.TheHundredYears'Warended______.A.indefeatforEnglandB.invictoryforEnglandC.inpeaceforbothcountriesD.indefeatforFrance30.Inthe1920s,BlackLiteraturedevelopedintoanupsurge,whichhascometobeknownasthe______.A.KnickerbockersEraB.TranscendentalismC.HarlemRenaissanceD.Naturalism31.PresidentTheodoreRooseveltmadeuseoftheHepburnActto______.A.regulatefederal-fundedelectricityprojectB.maintainforestreservesC.regulaterailwaypricesD.bancorporationmerger32.Whatisa"shadowcabinet"inBritain?33.InthelongtelegramtotheU.S.StateDepartment,GeorgeKennanwrotethat______.A.awarwiththeSovietUnionwasinevitableB.reconciliationwiththeSovietUnionwasimpossibleC.theSovietUnionwouldnotexpandinthenearfutureD.apolicyofcontainmentshouldbeadoptedindealingwiththeSovietUnion34.TheBritishIslesaremadeupof______largeislandsandhundredsofsmallones.A.twoB.threeC.fourD.five35.In1932,inthedepthofthedepression,theAmericanpeoplechose______astheirnextpresidentwhopromisedtogetAmericaoutofthedepression.A.TheodoreRooseveltB.FranklinD.RooseveltC.WoodrowWilsonD.HerbertC.Hoover36.MarshallPlan37.WhatisthechieflanguageofinstructioninIreland?38.Queenslandisalsocalled______.A.thegardenstateB.thesunshinestateC.thepremierstateD.thestateofexcitement39.ThenewPoliciesadoptedbyMrs.ThatcherandConservativeGovernmentafterthe1979electionwasknownas______.A.ThatcherismB.theNewDealC.NewFrontierD.Keynesianism40.WhatismulticulturalisminCanada?41.WhenJohnCabotdiscoveredNewfoundlandandtheeastcoastofCanadain1497,hethoughthehadreached______.A.IndiaB.northeastChinaC.MexicoD.eastChina42.WhatarethefourScottishuniversitiesestablishedinthe14thand15thcenturies?43.TheUnitedStatesofAmerica,withapopulationof255.5millionin1992,wasthe______mostpopulouscountryintheworld.A.secondB.thirdC.fourthD.fifth44.TheCanadianwriter______wonthe2013NobelPrizeinLiteratureforherworkas"masterofthemodemshortstory."A.AliceMunroB.CynthiaOzickC.MargaretAtwoodD.MargaretLaurence45.Touristtradeisimportantineconomyin______withrichgreenmountainsandvalleys.A.BritishColumbiaB.AtlanticprovincesC.theCanadian-ShieldD.St.Lawrence-GreatLakesprovinces46.ThebiggestcityintheU.S.is______.A.LosAngelesB.SanFranciscoC.ChicagoD.NewYork47.Inthemid-5thcentury,anewwaveofTeutonicinvaderscametoBritain.Thethreetribeswere______,______and______.A.Gaels,Scots,BelgaeB.Picts,Beakerfolk,GaelsC.Celts,Scots,WelshD.Jutes,Saxons,Angles48.Elizabeth'srelationshipwithParliamentwasoften______.A.peacefulB.turbulentC.cooperativeD.harmonious49.WhichofthefollowingholidaysisnotcelebratedinScotland?______A.BankHoliday.B.SummerBankHoliday.C.ChristmasDay.D.GoodFriday.50.ThemaximumdurationofaParliamentintheU.K.is______.A.twoyearsB.fouryearsC.fiveyearsD.sixyears第1卷參考答案一.歷年考點試題黑鉆版1.參考答案：C[解析]1215年6月19日，國王極不情愿地在大憲章上蓋上印鑒。大憲章共有63條。2.參考答案：C[解析]1919年1月18日開始舉行巴黎和會。這實際上是一次瓜分德國殖民地、奧匈帝國和奧托曼帝國并盡可能掠奪戰(zhàn)敗國的會議。會議被美、英、法、意四大國控制。3.參考答案：TheQueenofEngland.4.參考答案：D[解析]西奧多·羅斯?？偨y(tǒng)的貢獻有以下三方面：(1)收回兩億公用地作為森林保護區(qū)，開始大規(guī)模灌溉工程建設；(2)積極利用謝爾曼反托拉斯法阻止壟斷性的商業(yè)合并；(3)1906年《赫伯恩法》的實施?？梢?，只有D項內(nèi)容沒有提到。5.參考答案：TheyareWilliamBulletYeatsandSeamusHeaney.[考點]TheRepublicofIreland(Ⅰ)LandandPeople6.參考答案：C[解析]盎格魯—撒克遜人建立起采邑制度，領主收租并組織當?shù)剀婈牎?.參考答案：D[解析]在二戰(zhàn)期間，加拿大以英國盟國的身份作戰(zhàn)(1939—1945年)。8.參考答案：D[解析]休斯被認為是美國黑人詩人中的佼佼者，是第一批用現(xiàn)實主義手法描寫城市黑人的作家之一。休斯創(chuàng)作的是無韻詩，使用的不是傳統(tǒng)形式。9.參考答案：C[解析]公元1066年的諾曼征服或許是英國歷史上最著名的事件。征服者威廉沒收了幾乎所有土地，酬勞他的諾曼親信與隨從。10.參考答案：D[解析]長期以來普遍認為大憲章是英國自由的基礎。11.參考答案：MargaretThatcher'seconomicpoliciesaretermedasThatcherism.Itincludesthereturntoprivateownershipofstate-ownedindustries,theuseofmonetaristpoliciestocontrolinflation,theweakeningoftradeunions,thestrengtheningoftheroleofmarketforces,andanemphasisonlawandorder.[考點]TheRiseandFalloftheBritishEmpire(1688-Present)12.參考答案：TheaimoftheMarshallPlanwastoprotectWesternEuropefrompossibleSovietexpansion.[考點]History(Ⅲ)(1945-Present)13.參考答案：A[解析]全國性報紙根據(jù)其風格和內(nèi)容不同，通常可分為3類：嚴肅報紙、通俗報紙、中間市場報紙。嚴肅報紙面向那些想廣泛了解公共事務，獲取充分信息的讀者。14.參考答案：D[解析]在英格蘭和威爾士，大法官根據(jù)各郡委員會的建議，代表國王任命外行人員為治安官。15.參考答案：D[解析]美國沒有全國性的統(tǒng)一的教育體系，聯(lián)邦政府可以影響教育、資助教育的發(fā)展，但它不控制各州的教育政策和實施情況。各州為自己的轄區(qū)內(nèi)的學校教育制定政策。16.參考答案：D[解析]上議院由上議院議長主持，他坐在羊毛坐墊上(一種大軟墊，塞在里面的羊毛來自好幾個英聯(lián)邦成員國)，行使上議院議長的職務。17.參考答案：C[解析]圣瓦倫丁節(jié)是2月14日，是情人的節(jié)日。18.參考答案：A[解析]七個主要王國：肯特、埃塞克斯、蘇塞克斯、威塞克斯、東盎格利亞、麥西亞和諾森伯利來被合稱為七王國(Heptarchy)。19.參考答案：A[解析]從美國獨立到20世紀60年代，美國的移民政策基本上是開放的。19世紀末20世紀初，紐約的埃利斯島是一個重要的移民入境接待點。20.參考答案：B[考點]SocietyandCulture

[解析]《坎特伯雷故事集》的作者是杰弗雷·喬叟。21.參考答案：B[解析]英國的首都是倫敦(London)。Cardiff是威爾士的首都；Belfast是北愛爾蘭的首都；Dublin是愛爾蘭共和國的首都。22.參考答案：A[解析]在英國歷史上，“殘余國會”指的是長期議會中投票贊成處死查爾斯的議員。23.參考答案：A[解析]以前，英國和西歐是主要的移民來源。但近幾年歐洲人的申請數(shù)量下降，亞洲、加勒比地區(qū)和美國人的申請數(shù)量上升。24.參考答案：D[解析]在愛爾蘭語中，愛爾蘭被稱為Eire。25.參考答案：A[解析]如果新聯(lián)邦政府要強有力，就必須有保證措施，這種保證措施以分權制的形式出現(xiàn)。26.參考答案：A[解析]1348年夏天，黑死病橫掃英國全國，事先毫無預兆，而更重要的是無藥可救。27.參考答案：A[解析]大憲章的精神是限制王權，置王權于封建法律的約束下。28.參考答案：D[解析]在19世紀初期，紐約市是美國的寫作中心。這里的作家被稱為“紐約市人”，從1810到1840年的這段時期稱為美國文學的“紐約市人時期”。29.參考答案：A[解析]1422年亨利去世。此后法國人民在民族女英雄圣女貞德的鼓舞下，把英軍驅逐出了法國。30.參考答案：C[解析]20世紀20年代，黑人文學發(fā)展到高潮，即所謂的哈萊姆復興。31.參考答案：C[解析]西奧多·羅斯?？偨y(tǒng)利用1906年通過的《赫伯恩法》規(guī)范鐵路運價，廢除回扣。32.參考答案：ThepartywhichwinsthesecondlargestnumberofseatsbecomestheofficialOpposition,withitsownleaderand"shadowcabinet".33.參考答案：D34.參考答案：A[解析]不列顛諸島是由兩個大島和幾百個小島組成的。兩個大島是不列顛島和愛爾蘭島。35.參考答案：B[解析]1932年，在大蕭條處于低谷的時候，美國人民選舉富蘭克林·羅斯福為他們的下一任總統(tǒng)，他許諾實施“新政”使美國走出危機。36.參考答案：InordertoprotectWesternEuropefrompossibleSovietexpansion,theUnitedStatesdecidedtoofferthesecountrieseconomicaid.ThislatercametobecalledtheMarshallPlanasitwasannounce