新世紀(jì)大學(xué)英語第2版綜合教程3(1-4單元)練習(xí)答案解析

./UnitOnePeopleAroundUsEnhanceYourLanguageAwarenessWordsinAction▆WorkingwithWordsandExpressionsIntheboxbelowaresomeofthewordsyouhavelearnedinthisunit.Completethefollowingsentenceswiththem.Changetheformwherenecessary.▆Answers:1>crease2>hint3>assured4>awaiting5>hovering6>scrawled7>glistening8>frail9>sole10>visible11>engaged12>biased13>dreading14>grinningIntheboxesbelowaresomeoftheexpressionsyouhavelearnedinthisunit.Doyouknowhowtousetheminthepropercontext?Nowcheckforyourselfbydoingtheblank-fillingexercise.Changetheformwherenecessary.▆Answers:1>forfearof2>pulledup3>exceptfor4>getby5>makealiving6>everysooften7>inthebackground8>Shutoff9>eachandevery10>asitis11>wraps…aroundherlittlefinger12>caughtus…unawares▆IncreasingYourWordPowerChoosethedefinitionfromColumnBthatbestmatcheseachphrasalverbinColumnA,payingattentiontotheV+Prep./Ad.collocation.▆Answers:1>f2>c3>d4>e5>b6>g7>h8>aFillineachblankinthefollowingsentenceswithaproperphrasalverb.Changetheverbformwherenecessary.▆Answers:1>letout2>clean…up3>comethrough4>waitingon5>pickedup6>endedup7>headedfor8>ranthroughTheprefixesex-,fore-,pre-mean"former,before,orinadvance"whiletheprefixpost-means"afterorlaterthan".Studythefollowingexamplesandformwordsbyaddingex-,fore-,pre-,post-tothewordsgiveninthetableandthencompleteeachofthefollowingsentenceswithaproperwordyouhavejustformed.Changetheverbformwherenecessary.▆Answers:1>foretell2>preview3>forerunner4>postscript5>postgraduate6>precondition7>ex-husbandGrammarinContextTask1:Combinethegivensentencesintoonebyusingattributiveclauses.▇Answersforreference:Iencounteredmanypeoplewhoselivesamazedme.<SeePara.3,TextB>Wedroveinsilencetotheaddress<that/which>shehadgivenme.<SeePara.21,TextB>Hepushedthroughthedoorsandheadedforthebackroomwherehisapronandbusingcartwerewaiting.<SeePara.16,TextA>Ihadseentoomanypeopletrappedinalifeofpovertywhodependedonthecabastheironlymeansoftransportation.<SeePara.6,TextB>Theirsocialworker,whostoppedtocheckonStevieeverysooften,admittedStevieandhismotherhadfallenbetweenthecracks.<SeePara.6,TextA>Task2:CompletethefollowingsentencesbytranslatingtheChineseinthebracketsintoEnglish.Besuretousepresentparticlesorpastparticlestomodifynouns.▇Answersforreference:well-considereddecision,foldedpaper,writtennotice,laptopstoringmyannualreport,apostmandeliveringexpressmailCloze▆CompletethefollowingpassagewithwordschosenfromTextA.Theinitialletterofeachisgiven.▆Answers:1>reliable 2>syndrome3>adopted 4>gotdonewith 5>gloomy6>orsomething7>chance 8>comethrough 9>barely 10>ingoodshape11>booth 12>mess13>scrawled 14>peeking 15>inTranslation▆TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsandexpressionsgiveninbrackets.▆Answersforreference:WhatIdidn’tcountonwasthatovertimeIwouldsincerelytakeprideinbeingasocialworker.Shootingaquicklookattheclockonthewall,Grandmaletoutacry,"Oh,Mydear/Mygoodness/Mygracious,we’regoingtomissthetrain!"Atthekindergartenentrance,Ialwaysseesomekids/childrenholdingfirmlyontotheirparents.Shouldyoungparentsbesternertowardstheirkids/childrenandleaveimmediatelyunderthesecircumstances?Inthedimstreetlightstoodaweepinglittlegirl/agirlweeping.Whenmakingdonations,richpeopleshouldbeasconsiderateaspossibleinordernottoputtherecipientinanembarrassingsituation.Sincelastmonth,myworkhasbeenrevolvingaroundtheroutineofficeduties,sonowIamcountingthedaysuntiltheNationalDaycomes,whenmyfriendsandIaregoinghikinginthecountryside.▆TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoEnglishusingthewordsandexpressionsintheboxbelow.▆Answerforreference:Thatwasatimewhenlifewasdifficultforeveryone.Myfamilycouldbarelygetbyonmysmallincomefromdrivingacab.OnelatenightIrespondedtoacallforacabride.Tomysurprise,whenIarrivedattheaddress,Ifounditwasafrailoldlaywhowasawaitingme.Aftershegotintothecab,Iengagedherinconversation.Ilearntthatshewasgoingtothehospice.Herdoctorsaidshedidn’thaveverylong.Theoldladytoldmetodrivethroughthedowntownarea.Shepointedatsomeoldbuildings,tellingmethoseweretheplaceswheresheusedtoworkorlive.Whenthecabfinallypulledupinfrontofthehospice,Ididn’tacceptherfare.Intherestoftheday,Iwaslostinthought.ThoughIhadtomakealiving,Ilivednotforthesolepurposeofsurviving.Whencircumstanceslookedgloomy,thesmallfavourIhaddonecouldbeacandlelight.Howeverfaintthelightwas,itmanagedtowarmupasoulandennobledmeaswell.Ididtakeprideinthatsmallfavour.UnitTwoLoveEnhanceYourLanguageAwarenessWordsinAction▆WorkingwithWordsandExpressionsIntheboxbelowaresomeofthewordsyouhavelearnedinthisunit.Completethefollowingsentenceswiththem.Changetheformwherenecessary.▆Answers:curledminimumclipyieldedGivenpreservefascinatedaffectioninteracthastegriefdefiespresenceacquiremanipulaterestraintsIntheboxbelowaresomeoftheexpressionsyouhavelearnedinthisunit.Doyouunderstandtheirmeanings?Doyouknowhowtousetheminthepropercontext?Nowcheckforyourselfbydoingtheblank-fillingexercise.Changetheformwherenecessary.▆Answers:let,looseonfitintoholdonstateofaffairsinthecourseofinvainbuild,oninshortreachedforgiveandtake▆IncreasingYourWordPowerTheprefixover-canbeaddedtonouns,verbs,adjectivesandadverbs,meaning"above","outside","across",or"toomuch".Studythewordsgivenintheboxandchoosetheproperwordtofillineachoftheblanksinthefollowingsentences.Changetheformwherenecessary.▆Answers:overcoatoverheadoverjoyedoversleptoverweightoverdueovertimeoverworkingManywordsinEnglishcanbeusedbothasnounsandasverbs.ListedinthefollowingtablearesomeofthesewordsthatyouhavelearnedinUnitOneandUnitTwo.Studythemcarefullyandthencompleteeachofthefollowingsentenceswithoneofthemasyouseefit.Changetheformwherenecessary.▆Answers:crushattributesfancybubbledgraspdrizzlinglabelingyieldListedintheboxbelowaresomeidiomaticexpressionsformedwiththeword"hand".Studythemcarefullyandtrytomakeouttheirmeanings.Youmayconsultadictionaryifnecessary.ThentranslatethegivensentencesintoEnglish,usingoneofthem.▆Answers:Weareshortofhands.Istillhavesomemoneyinhand.Givemeahandwiththisbox,please.Ioftenkeepadictionaryathand.Thefootballfanswereoutofhand.Handoutthepencilstoeveryoneintheclass.Thisringwashandeddowntomebymygrandmother.Time’sup.Pleasehandinyourtestpapers.Pleasehandonthemagazinetoyourroommates.I’mafraidIcan’thelpyou.I’magreenhand.GRAMMARINCONTEXTNowcompletethefollowingsentencesbytranslatingtheChineseinthebracketsintoEnglish.Makesurethatthesentencesareintheinvertedorder.▆Answersforreference:Sittingonthestairswas/OnthestairswassittingOverthewallcame/flewRoundthecornerwasThenfinallycameUnderthetablewaslyingAt/Onthetopof<Ontopof>thehillstoodNowcorrectthemistakesinthefollowingsentences,ifany.WriteNONEunderthecorrectsentence<s>.▆Answersforreference:Thebeaverchewsdowntreestogetfoodandmaterialtobuilditshomewith.DoyourparentsthinkTomisaniceboytogooutwith?<Crossouthim>Thegoalsforwhichhehasfoughtallhislifeseemunimportanttohimnow.NONE.Theessaystartsbyaskingaquestion,towhichtheauthorthengivesapositiveanswer.ClozeCompletethefollowingpassagewithwordschosenfromthisunit.Theinitialletterofeachisgiven.▆Answers:hastestateofaffairsdistinguishedmeetingofmindsblossominnercharmintimacyemotionacquiringidealsadmirationlastingaffectionforgehonoroverwhelmingTranslationTranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsandexpressionsgiveninbrackets.▆Answersforreference:Ineitherfriendshiporlove/Inbothfriendshipandlove,youshouldneverexpecttotake/receivethemaximumwhileyougivetheminimum.Ibuiltallmyhopesonhispromise<s>,onlytofindthathewasnotamanofsincerityatall.WetookMothertoallthebesthospitalswecouldfind,butalloureffortswereinvain;shefailedtosurvivethedisease.Valentine’sDayisanannualholidaycelebratedonFebruary14,aperfectdaytoexpresslovetotheobjectofyour/one’saffection.Intheinformationera,communicationswithfar-awayfriendsviae-mailcanbealmost/virtuallysimultaneous.Loveneedstobenurtured,andthe"eternal/everlastinglove"thatwealldreamtohaveisnotforgeduntilwelearntoappreciateandtoleratetheother.There’sadifferencebetweenstrengthandcourage.Ittakesstrengthtosurvive.Ittakescouragetolive.Shewasbynatureaveryaffectionateperson,alwaysreadytogiveahelpinghandtoothers.TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoEnglish,usingthewordsandexpressionsintheboxbelow.▆Answersforreference:Afterdinner,weallsataroundthehearth.AuntSusanwasstillinthegriefoflosingUncleRobert.Inhersoftvoiceshetoldusabouttheirpastyears.UncleRobertjoinedthearmyshortlyaftertheywereengaged.Giventhecriticalsituationatthetimewhenlotsofarmymendidn’treturnalive,youcanimaginehowmuchhorrifiedAuntSusanwaseveryday,andhowmuchoverjoyedshewastoseeUncleRobertbacksafeandsoundfromtheEuropeanbattlefield.Thentheygotmarriedandbroughtupfivechildren.Forallthoseyears,theiraffectionforeachothergrewstrongerinthecourseofovercomingdifficultiesandhardshipsinlife.IwasfascinatedbyAuntSusan’sstory,whichwastotallydifferentfrommyidealoflove.Theypracticed,intheirdailylife,givingandsharinginsteadofpursuingpassionandromance,ormakingcomplaints.Amazingly,suchlovelastedthroughtheirwholelife.UnitThreeFriendshipEnhanceYourLanguageAwarenessWordsinActionWorkingwithWordsandExpressionsIntheboxbelowaresomeofthewordsyouhavelearnedinthisunit.Completethefollowingsentenceswiththem.Changetheformwherenecessary.▆Answers:boundunfoldedpossessinghassurpassedappointedvirtueshadcorrespondedgazedkeengraspedgroundedsensiblecommitmentsregulatingIntheboxbelowaresomeofthewordsyouhavelearnedinthisunit.Doyouknowhowtousetheminthepropercontext?Nowcheckforyourselfbydoingtheblank-fillingexercise.Changetheformwherenecessary.▆Answers:distinguishbetweencheckedupontorndownmakeafortuneallofasuddenlosttrackofCastinganeyeoverbrokeuptakepleasureindescribedasturnedupinsofarasisunderarrestpassonasto▆IncreasingYourWordPowerThepreposition"as"isoftenusedtogetherwithsomeverbstodescribethefactthatsb./sth.hasaparticularfunction,roleorjob.TranslatethefollowingintoChinese,payingattentiontothe"verb…as"collocation.▆Answers:accept…as接受……為respect…as尊重……為define…as把……定義為describe…as把……描述成picture…as把……想象成regard…as把……看作see…as把……看作view…as把……看作Nowcompletethefollowingsentencesbyusingthe"verb+as"collocation.himbothasafatherandasawritermyselfasaswandancingonthelakethechallengeasanopportunitytotesthiscouragemeasoneoftheirfamilymembersitasajokeMarkasbeinginhislateteens,tallandfriendlytoeveryoneasthegreatestpainterofhistimeloveasawayoflife,whileothersdefineitasawaytofeelDidyounoticethesuffix"-al"or"-ial"inthewords"trial"and"arrival"inthisunit?Thesuffix"–al"or"-ial"canbeaddedtoverbstoformnouns.Putdownthenounformsofthefollowingverbsinthespaceprovided.▆Answers:1>arrive→arrival2>try→trial3>approve→approval4>betray→betrayal5>bury→burial6>dismiss→dismissal7>dispose→disposal8>propose→proposal9>refuse→refusal10>remove→removal11>survive→survival12>withdraw→withdrawalNowfillintheblanksinthefollowingsentencesbychoosingtheproperwordswiththesuffix"–al"or"–ial"fromtheabovetable.refusalarrivalsremovaldismissalsurvivalproposaldisposalapprovalGrammarincontextInUnit2andUnit3youfindthefollowingsentencescontaining"nomatterwhat","whenever"and"whatever."NowcompletethefollowingsentencesbytranslatingtheChineseinthebracketintoEnglish,using"nomatterwhat<who,which,how,etc.>"or"whatever<whoever,whichever,however,etc.>."▆Answersforreference:whichevertentyouarenotusingnowwhoevercomes/comefirstwhichever/whateverconditionourcaptainthoughtwasthebestWherever/NomatterwhereIgowhateverwishestheirchild/childrenexpresses/expressHoweverdisappointed/Nomatterhowdisappointedyoumayfeelaboutthesurroundings/environment/situationWhoeverbreaksitwheneverheconcentratesonaproblemThestructure"Itis…that/who…"isusedtoachieveemphasis,asshowninthefollowingsentencestakenfromTextA.Nowcorrectthemistakesinthefollowingsentences,ifany.WriteNONEunderthecorrectsentence<s>.▆Answersforreference:Itisnotluckbuthardworkthatledhimtotoday’ssuccess.Prof.Moenarguesthatitisenergythatmakestheworldgoround.Itwasnotuntilhehadprovedhewashonestthathewonthefamily’strust.Itwasclearlytheheadmasterhimselfwho/thatopenedthedoorforme.NONEClozeCompletethefollowingpassagewithwordsandphraseschosenfromTextA.Theinitialletterofeachtargetwordisgiven.▆Answers:classicalnotionutilitygroundoccursgoodnessastopossessesboundmirrorvirtuouscommitmentmoralexcellenceTranslation1.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsandexpressionsgiveninbrackets.▆Answersforreference:Thefriendshipgroundedoncommon/sharedinterestdoesnotbreakupeasily./Itisnoteasyforthefriendshipgroundedoncommon/sharedinteresttobreakup.Childrenmustlearntodistinguishbetweenviolenceandbravery/courageincomputergames.Therespringupsomanynewthingseverydayintheworldthatitisnolongersensibletoexpectapersontoknow/keeptrackofeverything.Lawsdonotregulatesuchthingsasbetrayaltofriends;thatiswhythereiswhatwecall/iscalled"thecourtofmorality".Today’scultureisdescribedas"fast-foodculture".Whatevertheymaybe/aredoing,peoplejustpursuethegreatest/maximumsatisfactionwithintheshortesttime.Asthesayinggoes,thereisnosuchthingasafreelunch.Ifyouwantsomething,goandearn/workforit.TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoEnglishusingthewordsandexpressionsintheboxbelow.▆Answersforreference:Asiscommonlyacknowledged/Itiscommonlyrecognisedthathumansaresocialanimals.Livingtogetherinacommunity,wenaturallyexpecttohavefriends.Astowhatfriendshipis,wehavereaddifferentdefinitionsgivenbyAristotle,anancientGreekphilosopher,andCicero,aRomanstatesman.Noonewilldenythatsomepeoplemakefriendssimplyformutualutility.Oncethegroundforsuchfriendshipdisappears,thefriendshipalsobreaksup.However,alotmorepeoplelongfor"soulpals"—thosewhopossessvirtuesandwithwhomwecangothroughtrialsandtribulationstogether.Suchfriendshipskeepusawayfromgreedandviolenceandinspireustohavethecourageofourconvictions.Suchiswhatwecall"truefriendship".Itisinthecompanyofsuchfriendsthatwefindourselvessurpassingouroldselvesandbecomingbetterpersons/people.UnitFoursportsEnhanceYourLanguageAwarenessWordsinAction▇WorkingwithWordsandExpressionsIntheboxesbelowaresomeofthewordsyouhavelearnedinthisunit.Completethefollowingsentenceswiththem.Changetheformwherenecessary.▇Answers:1>narrowly2>proceeded3>features4>crawl5>spun6>flashed7>qualify8>Despite9>congratulate10>consultant11>compete12>disciplined13>confessed14>tripped2.Intheboxesbelowaresomeoftheexpressionsyouhavelearnedinthisunit.Doyouknowhowtousetheminthepropercontext?Nowcheckforyourselfbydoingtheblank-fillingexercise.Changetheformwherenecessary.▇Answers:1>kindof2>areinfor3>camein4>rosetotheirfeet5>broughtup6>made…afoolofherself7>underwraps8>gethotunderthecollar9>lookedthepart10>inanemergency11>hashadhereyeon12>is…takingshape13>bringout14>putin/squeezein15>win…h(huán)andsdown▇IncreasingYourWordPowerChoosetwoverbsfromColumnBforeachnouninColumnA,payingattentiontothev.+n.collocation.Writedowntheverbsinthespaceprovidedbeforethecorrespondingnoun.Thefirstitemhasbeendoneforyou.Answers:ColumnAColumnBbreak/settherecordapplaudform2embody/representanideaawardhold3award/winamedalbreakhost4hold/hosttheOlympicGamescongratulatereach5applaud/congratulateanOlympicchampioncrossrepresent6>form/forgeafriendshipembodyset7>cross/reachthefinishlineforgewinNowfillineachblankinthefollowingsentenceswithaverbinColumnB.Changetheverbformwherenecessary.▆Answers:applaudembodies/representsforged/formedcongratulatedbrokenawardedcrossed/reachedhost2.Thesuffix"–cy"canbeaddedtosomeadjectives,nounsorverbstoformnouns,meaning"thestateorqualityof…",or"thestatusorpositionof…".NowformnewwordsaftertheexampleandgivetheirmeaningsinChinese.Consultadictionaryifnecessary.▇Answers:1>accurate→accuracy精確,準(zhǔn)確<度>2>adequate→adequacy適當(dāng)；充分3>consistent→consistency一致性；連貫性4>delicate→delicacy細(xì)致;精致5>efficient→efficiency效能,效率6>intimate→intimacy親密,密切7>president→presidency總統(tǒng)等的職位8>private→privacy隱私；獨(dú)處9>secret→secrecy保密；保密能力10>self-sufficient→self-sufficiency自給自足Nowfillintheblanksinthefollowingsentencesbychoosingtheproperwordsyouhavejustformed.▇Answers:1>secrecy2>presidency3>consistency4>efficiency5>privacy6>intimacy7>accuracy8>self-sufficiency9>adequacy10>delicacyGrammarinContextStudythefollowingsentences,eachofwhichcontainseitheran"appositivephrase"oran"appositiveclause",andthendothefollowingtask.NowtranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingeitheran"appositivephrase"oran"appositiveclause".▇Answersforreference:1>Football,hisonlyhobbyinlife,hasbroughthimmanyfriends.2>ThePresidentofthecompany,MrsJones,heldapressconferenceaftertheboardmeeting.3>ThequestionwhethertoconfessornothasbeentroublinglittleTom.4>Youshouldnothaveanydoubtaboutthefactthatthecriminalhasbeenarrested.5>ThenewswasimmediatelyspreadfarandwidethatBeijinghadwonthebidforthe2008OlympicGames.2.Studythefollowingsentencesfromthisunit,payingspecialattentiontotheconstructions"not…but…"and"notonly/simply…but<also>…",andthendothefollowingtask.Nowanswerthequestionswiththehelpofthehintsgiveninbrackets,usingtheconstructions"not…but…"and"notonly/simply…but<also>…".▇Answersforreference:1>No,hedidn’tcometohelp,buttohinderus.2>Itisnottheplayers,butthesupportersthatareresponsibleforfootballhooliganism.3>No,theirintentisnottocatchallspeedersbuttocatchenoughtogivethemawarning.4>I’mnotonlywilling,but<also>eagertojointhevolunteerteamfortheWorldCup.5>No.HetranslatesintoEnglishnotonlyfromFrench,but<also>fromPolish.6>Becauseitsappealliesnotonlyinitsstorybutalsointheethicalissuesitraises.Cloze▇Answers:<1>disciplined<2>having…eye…on<3>handsdown<