2023-2024學(xué)年廣東省湛江市重點(diǎn)中學(xué)高三（上）開(kāi)學(xué)考試英語(yǔ)試卷（含解析）

第=page11頁(yè)，共=sectionpages11頁(yè)2023-2024學(xué)年廣東省湛江市重點(diǎn)中學(xué)高三（上）開(kāi)學(xué)考試英語(yǔ)試卷一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共30.0分）AIfyouwanttomakeadifferenceinyourcommunity,beapartofsomethingbiggerthanyourself,orjustneedtoearnsomerequiredvolunteerhours,thenthisistheplacetostart.HereareafeworganizationsofGenZwithvolunteeropportunitiesforteens!HabitatforHumanityEveryonedeservestohaveaplacetheycallhome.ByvolunteeringwithHabitatforHumanity,youcanplayaroleinbuildingupyourcommunity.TheirHabitatYouthProgrammesacceptvolunteersbetweentheagesof5and40foreverythingfromhomeconstructiontoaffordablehousingadvocacy.MealsonWheelsForthoseteenswhojustgottheirlicensesandloveanyreasontogetbehindthewheel,here'savolunteeropportunitythat'llmakedrivingworthwhile.MealsonWheelsisonamissiontomeetthenutritionalandsocialneedsofseniors.225millionmealshavebeendeliveredsofar-connectwithyourlocalprovidertofindouthowyoucangetinvolved.KeyClubAstheoldestserviceprogrammeforhighschoolers,theKeyClubhasquiteahistoryofhelpingteensgetinvolvedinvolunteering.Becauseclubsarestudent-led,yougetadirectsayinthekindsofserviceprojectsyouwanttodo.Chancesare,there'salreadyachapterinyourschool,butifnot,youcantrytakingtheleadinone.BestBuddiesVolunteerwithBestBuddiestohelpendthesocial,physical,andeconomicisolationof200millionpeoplewithintellectualanddevelopmentaldisabilities,andyou'llmakesomenewpalsintheprocess!Joinaschoolchapter(orstartyourown)tousefriendshipasatoolforinclusivityinyourcommunity.Anddon'tworry.Evenifyoucan'tvolunteerphysically,therearealsotonsofonlinevolunteeropportunitiesavailable!Findoutmoreaboutjoiningaworthwhilevolunteerorganizationsatwww.GenZ.org.1.Whatcanateenvolunteerwithadrivinglicensedo?A.Makenutritionalmeals. B.Sendmealstotheelderly.

C.Teachtheseniorstodrive. D.Drivetheseniorsaround.2.Whichorganizationcanhelppeoplewithdisabilities?A.MealsonWheels. B.HabitatforHumanity.

C.BestBuddies. D.KeyClub.3.Whydoestheauthorwritethistext?A.Toteachteenstobemorecreative.

B.Tointroducesomevolunteerjobs.

C.Toinstructteenstoearnvolunteerhours.

D.Topromoteawarenessofworldaffairs..BTheSouthAfricantownHamburgissituatedbyoneofthemostbeautifulestuaries(河口)intheEasternCape.It'sknownforitsrichXhosaculture.Itisalsohometoagroupofwomenwhohaveproducedaseriesofextraordinaryartworksthathavebeenexhibitedaroundtheworld.KeiskammaArtProjectwascreatedtoteachlocalwomenembroidery(刺繡)skillstohelpthematatoughtimeeconomicallyandsocially,butunexpectedlyithasgrownintosomethingmuchbigger.Havingbeenshownatinternationalartgalleries,manyoftheirtapestries(掛毯)arenowbeingdisplayedunderoneroofforthefirsttime,atanexhibitioninJohannesburg.Theirstorybeganin2000,whenDr.CarolHofmeyrmovedfromJohannesburgtoHamburg.Shefoundthatthetownwasstrugglingwithhighunemploymentandthatlocalwomenweredesperatetofindwaystofeedtheirfamilies.Havingstudiedembroideryherself,shehopedthatpassingonthatknowledgetolocalwomenwouldhelpempowerthem.Fromhumblebeginnings'

moreandmorewomenheardabouttheprojectthroughwordofmouth.Now,over150womenarepartoftheproject.Sellingtheirworksprovidesasourceofincome,buttheprojecthasalsocreatedasupportsystemforthewomen.Initially,thewomenstartedoutsimplycreatingcushions(坐墊)andsmallhandbagstoselltotourists.Eventually,theystartedreceivingtasksforlargerpieces.Theyweregivenpanelsaboutameterinsizetoworkonathome.Byjoiningthecompletedpanelstogether,theycreatedthefirstoftheirlargeworksandoneoftheirmostcelebrated,"TheKeiskammaTapestry",whichtellsthehistoryoftheXhosapeoplewhoweresubjugated(征服)throughcolonizationandtheXhosaBritishFrontierWarsfrom1776to1876.Anothercelebratedpieceis"TheKeiskammaAltarpiece",whichwasproducedby130women.Thefour-meter-high,four-meter-widepiecerevealsthestrugglesthatelderlyXhosawomenenduredwhentheyouthintheircommunitywerehitbyHIVtwodecadesago,andtheysteppedintocareforchildren.Recentartworksengagewithcontemporaryissues."COVIDResilienceTapestry"

dealswiththepandemic;"ANewEarthandOurSacredOcean"

isacallforenvironmentalconsciousness.4.Whatisthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A.Toinformreadersofthesituation.

B.Tobringinthetopicofthetext.

C.Tointroduceanancientculture.

D.Topromotethelocalartworks.5.Whatisbeyondpeople'sexpectationforKeiskammaArtProject?A.Ithelpsalotofwomen.

B.Itgainsinternationalfame.

C.Ithelpsdeveloplocaleconomy.

D.ItsponsorsanexhibitioninJohannesburg.6.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheprocessofmaking"TheKeiskammaTapestry"?A.Historical. B.Game-changing.

C.Cooperative. D.Time-consuming.7.Whatdoweknowabout"TheKeiskammaAltarpiece"?A.ItshowstheXhosapeople'ssufferings.

B.Itreflectsonsomecontemporaryissues.

C.Itcoverssomepandemic-relatedcontent.

D.Itaimstoarousetheenvironmentalawareness.CTheimpactoftheman-madeclimatecrisisonAntarcticaisscientificallyundeniable:stableiceshelvesareretreating,airtemperatureincreasedby3degreesCelsius.Krill(磷蝦)numbersaredeclining,meltingiceiscontributingtosealevelrise,andpolarbearsandsealsaregettingdisplaced."Antarcticbiodiversitycoulddeclinesubstantiallybytheendofthecenturyifwecontinuewithbusinessasusual."

JasmineRachaelLee,leadauthoroftheUniversityofQueenslandstudysays.PublishedinthejournalPLOSBiology,thestudyfindspopulationdeclinesarelikelyfor65%ofthecontinent'splantsandwildlifebytheyear2100.Themostvulnerable(脆弱的)speciesistheEmperorpenguins.InOctober2022,theU.S.FishandWildlifeServicelistedEmperorpenguinsasathreatenedspeciesundertheEndangeredSpeciesAct(ESA),asexpertspredicttheflightlessseabirdwillseea26%to47%dipinitspopulationby2050."ThislistingreflectsthegrowingextinctioncrisisandhighlightstheimportanceoftheESAandeffortstoconservespeciesbeforepopulationdeclinesbecomeirreversible(不可逆轉(zhuǎn))."

saidServiceDirectorMarthaWilliamsatthetime.AsidefromEmperorpenguins,otherAntarcticspecialists,liketheAdéliepenguinanddrysoilnematodes,werealsohighlyvulnerable.WeurgentlyneedacombinationofglobalandlocalconservationactiontobestconserveAntarcticspecies.Globalactionandglobalvoicestohelprelieveclimatechange—becausethebiggestthreattoAntarcticaiscomingfromoutsideofit.Andthenweneedlocalactionstohelpprotectbiodiversityagainstlocalthreatsandgivethemthebestchanceofadaptingtoclimatechanges.Thiswillhelptosaveouriconic(代表性的)speciesliketheEmperorpenguinsandallofAntarctica'suniqueandhighlyadaptedinhabitants.Itwillalsohelphumankind,aswerelyheavilyonthepricelessservicestheAntarcticprovidesinregulatingourclimateandcapturingsealevelinitsicesheets.8.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph1?A.Theimpactofclimatecrisisisusuallydenied.

B.Conservationeffortsarebadlyneeded.

C.AirtemperatureonAntarcticincreases3℃annually.

D.Sealevelriseresultsinseabirdslosingtheirhabitats.9.WhyistheEmperorpenguinmentionedinParagraph2?A.ToserveasacalltoprotectwildlifeonAntarctic

B.Toreflectthegrowingpopulationofwildspecies.

C.ToprovetheeffectivenessoftheEndangeredSpeciesAct.

D.Tohighlightthesevereimpactofrisingtemperature.10.Whatisprobablythebestconservationpolicy?A.ReducingthechancesofmakingatriptoAntarctic.

B.Makingjointeffortstorelieveclimatechange.

C.Attemptingtoprovideessentialnutrientstotheecosystem.

D.ContinuingtocarryforwardtheEndangeredSpeciesAct.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.PlantsandWildlifeonAntarcticaWillDeclineQuickly

B.AntarcticSpeciesAreVulnerabletoHumanThreats

C.MoreActionShouldBeTakentoProtectWildlifeonAntarctica

D.TheBestConservationStrategyWillBeCarriedOutSoonDTechnologyisdevelopingbyleapsandbounds.AdeviceassmallasasmartphonenowhasmoreprocessingpowerthanrocketstotheMoononcehad.Newtechbringsmanyadvantages,makingourliveseasierandopeningupnewopportunities.Onepieceofkitthat'sbeenreallytakingoffrecentlyisthedrone.Thispilotlessminiaircraft,originallydevelopedforphotographyfromaboveandwarfare,isnowbringingusbenefitsclosertohome.Inthelastfewyears,techcompaniessuchasAmazon,AlphabetandUberhavepromisedusdeliverydrones—bringinggoodstoourdoorstepsinamatterofminutes.Progressindevelopingthemhas,however,beenslow.Dronesarehelpingtoconnectwithandenhancethelivesofpeopleinremotelocations.IntheUK,theRoyalMailwantsafleetof500dronestohelpdeliverthemailtofar-flungcommunities.Windracers,thecompanydevelopingthedrones,saytheycanflyinfogandproduce30%feweremissionsthancomparablepilotedaircraft.AndinCoventryintheUK,constructionhasstartedonanairhub,whichwillactasabaseforpoliceanddeliverydrones.Urban-AirPortLimitedisworkingwithcar-makerHyundaionthemini-airport,knownasaskyport.Dronescouldalsoplayapartinimprovingthehealthofmillionsofpeople.InZanzibar,forexample,they'rebeingusedtospraywetlandsagainstmalaria(瘧疾).AndwritingforBBCFuturewebsite,HarrietConstabledescribesanincredibledevelopmentprojectbytheUniversityofSouthAustralia.Theplanisfordronestoeventuallybeabletosurveypopulationsfordiseasebyreadingthebloodoxygenlevelsofhumansfromtheair.They'llalsobeabletoscanforothervitalsigns,likecoughingandahightemperature.Itseemsthatthesky'sthelimitforwhatdronetechnologycanachieve.Theonlythingthatsometimeskeepsitgroundedisregulation.WritingfortheBBC,JessicaBrownsays,"Ifourskiesaretobecomeascrowdedasourstreets,airspacerulesneedupdatingtopreventaccidents."

Therearealsorelatedproblems,suchasnoisepollution.12.Whatwastheprimaryuseofthedrone?A.ExploringtheMoon. B.Surveyandmilitary.

C.Specialdeliveryorexpress. D.Transportinggoods.13.Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedword"hub"inParagraph2?A.Centre. B.Branch. C.Garage. D.Field.14.WhatdoesParagraph3imply?A.Dronescouldtakeoverdoctors'dutiesinthefuture.

B.Dronescanplayaroleinimprovingpeople'shealth.

C.Dronescancurepatientssufferingfromvariousdiseaseslikemalaria.

D.Humanbeingswilleventuallyovercomeallkindsofstubborndiseases.15.WhatdoestheauthormeantodobyquotingJessicaBrown?A.Emphasizethereisnolimitfordronesdevelopment.

B.Ignorethedisadvantagesthedevelopmentofdroneswillbring.

C.Urgetherulesofdronesmanagementneedtobeupdated.

D.Provethedevelopmentofdronesisbeneficialwithoutharming.二、閱讀七選五（本大題共5小題，共10.0分）Desertification,theprocessbywhichfertile(肥沃的)landbecomesdesert,hassevereimpactsonfoodproductionandisworsenedbyclimatechange.

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Africa'sGreatGreenWallisaprojecttobuildan8,000-kilometre-longforestacross11ofthe

???????continent'scountries.TheprojectismeanttocontainthegrowingSaharaDesertandfightclimatechange.

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Theyincludelimitedpoliticalsupport,lackofmoney,weakorganizationalstructures,andnotenoughconsiderationfortheenvironment.Just4millionhectares(公頃)oflandhavebeenturnedintoforestsinceworkontheGreenWallbegan15yearsago.

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Firstproposedin2005,

theprojectaimstoplantaforestfromSenegalontheAtlanticOceaninwesternAfricatoEritrea,EthiopiaandDjiboutiintheeast.

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Itcouldalsoreducelevelsofclimate-relatedmigrationintheareaandcapturehundredsofmillionsoftonsofcarbondioxidefromtheair.Severalcountrieshavestruggledtokeepupwiththedemandsoftheproject.

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Eritrea,Ethiopia,andSudanhaveallexpandedtheirefforts.Ethiopiaisproducing5.5billionseedlingsleadingtothousandsofhectaresofrestoredland.EffortsinEritreaandSudanhavealsoresultedinnearly140,000hectaresofnewlyplantedforest.TheU.N.desertificationagencysaystheprojectwillneedtoplantanaverageof8.2millionhectaresyearlytoreachitsgoalof100millionhectaresby2030．

A.Buttheprojectfacesmanyproblems.B.Thatisonly4percentoftheprogramme'sgoal.C.However,itisdifficulttoworkontheGreatGreenWall.D.AquarterofAfricaisunderthreatoffoodshortage.E.Someprogresshasbeenmadeinrecentyearsintheeastofthecontinent.F.SupportershopethattheprojectwillcreatemillionsofgreenjobsinruralAfrica.G.TheU.N.saysupto45percentofAfrica'slandisimpactedbydesertification,worsethananyothercontinent.16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大題共15小題，共22.5分）IteacheconomicsatUNLVthreetimesperweek.LastMonday,atthebeginningofclass,Icheerfullyaskedmystudentshowtheir

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hadbeen.Oneyoungmansaidthathisweekendhadnotbeensogood.Hehadhiswisdomteeth

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.TheyoungmanthenproceededtoaskmewhyIalwaysseemedtobeso

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.Hisquestion

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meofsomethingI?dreadsomewherebefore:"Everymorningwhenyougetup,youhaveachoiceabouthowyouwantto

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lifethatday."

Isaid,"Ichoosetobecheerful.""Letmegiveyouanexample,"

Icontinued,addressingallsixtystudentsintheclass."InadditiontoteachinghereatUNLV,IalsoteachoutatthecommunitycollegeinHenderson,17milesdownthe

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fromwhereIlive.Onedayafewweeksago,Idrovethose17milestoHenderson.IexitedthefreewayandturnedontoCollegeDrive.Ionlyhadtodrive

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quartermiledowntheroadtothecollege.Butjustthenmycardied.Itriedtostartitagain,buttheenginewouldn't

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.SoIputmyflasherson,

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mybooks,andmarcheddowntheroadtothecollege."AssoonasIgotthereIcalledAAAandarrangedforatowtrucktomeetmeatmycarafterclass.The

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intheProvost'sofficeaskedmewhathadhappened."Thisismyluckyday,"

Ismiled.Shewaspuzzled."Mycarbrokedownintheperfectplace:offthefreeway,withinwalkingdistanceofhere.Ifmycarwas

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tobreakdowntoday,itcouldn'thavebeenarrangedinamore

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fashion,"

Iadded.Thesecretary'seyesopenedwide,andthenshesmiled.Ismiledbackand

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forclass.Soendedmystory.IscannedthesixtyfacesinmyeconomicsclassatUNLV.Despitetheearlyhour,nooneseemedtobe

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.Somehow,mystoryhadtouchedthem.Ormaybeitwasn'tthestoryatall.Infact,ithadallstartedwithastudent's

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thatIwascheerful.21.

A.weekend B.task C.sleep D.class22.

A.planted B.removed C.abandoned D.brightened23.

A.grateful B.thoughtful C.cheerful D.delightful24.

A.satisfied B.warned C.informed D.reminded25.

A.sustain B.approach C.lengthen D.enjoy26.

A.street B.district C.path D.freeway27.

A.another B.other C.extra D.certain28.

A.turnout B.turninto C.turnover D.turnaway29.

A.left B.grabbed C.covered D.hid30.

A.secretary B.consultant C.assistant D.minister31.

A.thought B.supposed C.committed D.meant32.

A.valid B.considerable C.intentional D.convenient33.

A.headed B.inspected C.saw D.panicked34.

A.alike B.asleep C.active D.available35.

A.faith B.proposal C.observation D.emphasis四、語(yǔ)法填空（本大題共1小題，共15.0分）36.Aresort(度假勝地)inVietnamhasopenedaglass-bottomedfootbridge,thethirdsuchbridgeintheSoutheastAsiancountry,

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(connect)twomountains.The150-metre-tallbridgecrossesadeep,narrowvalley,

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aimistobringinthrill-seekingtourists.Thebridge

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(call)theBachLongsuspensionbridge.Itmeans"WhiteDragon"

inVietnamese.Adragonisahuge,

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(imagine)flyinganimalthatcanbreatheoutfireandlooks

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areptile(爬行動(dòng)物).ThebridgeisfoundedintheSonLaarea.SonLaisnorthwestofthecapital,Hanoi,andbordersLaos.Thereinforcedglass

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(use)forthebridgecanholdupto450peopleatatime.Eachglasspieceis40millimetersthick.Thebridgeis290metreslongandrunsbetweentwomountaintopsoneithersideofavalley.Italsohas

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342-metrepathwayonthesideofamountain.GuinnessWorldRecordskeepsalistofworld

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(record).Itlistsa562-metreglass-bottomedbridgeinQingyuan,inChina'sGuangdongarea,astheNo.1positionintheworld.TheWorldRecordAssociationisanother

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(organize)thatkeepstheworld'srecords.Itlistedthetwo-partVietnamesebridgeastheworld's

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(long),at632metres.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、任務(wù)型讀寫(xiě)（本大題共1小題，共25.0分）37.閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。TwinsKatieandSarahMonahanarrivedatPennsylvania'sGettysburgCollege.Theyaredeterminedtostrikeoutonindependentpaths.Althoughthe18-year-oldsistershadrequestedroomsindifferentdormitory,thehousingofficeplacedthemontheeighthfloorofthesamebuilding,acrossthehallfromeachother.Katiewasaverylovelyandkind-heartedgirl.Shealwaysdidherbesttopreventothersfromanyproblem.Oncethedormitorywasoutofelectricityandherroommate,WindywasstudyingintheclassroomonlyleavingKatiealoneinthedormitoryatthattime.KatiehadjustfinishedherfavouritehorribleAmericanTVseries.Shefeltveryscared.Butshedidn'twanttodisturbWindy,soshejuststayedinthedarkdormitoryalonetillWindygotbacktothedormitory.Windywasanicegirltoo.ShegaveKatiealotofcomfortandcare.ShewouldliketomakeKatierelaxafterstressfulstudy.SheoftensharedherhappinesswithKatie.Theylivedaveryhappylifetogether.WhileKatiegotalongwithherroommate,Sarahwashavingdifficultyindealingwiththerelationshipwithherroommate.Sarahlikedquiet,whileherroommate,Lilyspenttwohoursadaypractisingtheguitar,orturneduphersoundsystemtothepointwherethewholeroomvibrates(顫動(dòng)).Sarahwasalwayscold.butLilyneverwantedtoturnontheheat,eventhoughitwassnowingheavilyoutside.Sarahlikedwearingfurinwinterandshealsoenjoyedcuttingupfrogsinbiologyclass.ButLilyisanvegetarian(素食主義者)andbelievedalllivingthingsareholy(神圣的),evenantsandmosquitoes.Sheandherroommatesilentlywarredovermattersrangingfromwhenthelightsshouldbeturnedofftohowthefurnitureshouldbearranged.Finally,theygaveupcommunicating.Oneday.therewasadormitorycontest,whichneededroommatestojoinhandstodecoratetheirdormitory.Sarahwantedtowininthecontestbutshethoughtitwasimpossibleforhertofinishitbecauseshedidn'ttalkwithLily.注意:1.續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

Paragraph1:

Depressedandhopeless.SarahranacrossthehalltoseekhelpfromKatie.________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

Paragraph2:HearingwhatKatiesaid,bothSarahandLilyloweredtheirheads.________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________六、書(shū)面表達(dá)（本大題共1小題，共25.0分）38.假定你是學(xué)生會(huì)主席李華，學(xué)生會(huì)舉辦的首屆生活技能云端展示活動(dòng)(WorkCreatesaBetterLife)得到了外教Patrick的大力支持。活動(dòng)已經(jīng)圓滿結(jié)束，請(qǐng)你給他寫(xiě)一封感謝信。內(nèi)容包括：1.表示感謝；2.外教的幫助；3.活動(dòng)的反響。注意：1.寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearPatrick,________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

Yours,

LiHua

答案和解析1~3.【答案】B、C、B【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了為青少年提供志愿者活動(dòng)的Z世代的四個(gè)志愿者組織。

1.

根據(jù)MealsonWheels的“Forthoseteenswhojustgottheirlicensesandloveanyreasontogetbehindthewheel,here'savolunteeropportunitythat'llmakedrivingworthwhile.MealsonWheelsisonamissiontomeetthenutritionalandsocialneedsofseniors.(對(duì)于那些剛拿到駕照并喜歡找任何理由上路的青少年來(lái)說(shuō)，這是一個(gè)讓開(kāi)車(chē)變得有意義的志愿者機(jī)會(huì)。MealsonWheels致力于滿足老年人的營(yíng)養(yǎng)和社交需求。)”可知，一個(gè)有駕照的青少年志愿者可以參加MealsonWheels，開(kāi)車(chē)去為老年人送餐。故選B。

2.

根據(jù)BestBuddies中的“VolunteerwithBestBuddiestohelpendthesocial,physical,andeconomicisolationof200millionpeoplewithintellectualanddevelopmentaldisabilities,andyou'llmakesomenewpalsintheprocess!(與BestBuddies一起志愿幫助2億智力和發(fā)育障礙者結(jié)束社會(huì)、身體和經(jīng)濟(jì)孤立，在這個(gè)過(guò)程中你會(huì)結(jié)交一些新朋友！)”可知，幫助殘疾人士的組織是BestBuddies，故選C。

3.

根據(jù)第一段中的Ifyouwanttomakeadifferenceinyourcommunity,beapartofsomethingbiggerthanyourself,orjustneedtoearnsomerequiredvolunteerhours,thenthisistheplacetostart.HereareafeworganizationsofGenZwithvolunteeropportunitiesforteens!（如果你想在你的社區(qū)中有所作為，成為比你自己更重要的事情的一部分，或者只是需要獲得一些必要的志愿者時(shí)間，那么這就是開(kāi)始的地方。以下是一些為青少年提供志愿者機(jī)會(huì)的Z世代組織?。┘叭目芍疚慕榻B了提供志愿者機(jī)會(huì)的Z世代的四個(gè)志愿者組織。故選B。4~7.【答案】B、B、C、A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。本文講南非Hamburg小鎮(zhèn)因科薩文化而聞名，當(dāng)?shù)氐呐總兺ㄟ^(guò)制作一些工藝品度過(guò)生活難關(guān)。

1.

根據(jù)第一段中的TheSouthAfricantownHamburgissituatedbyoneofthemostbeautifulestuaries(河口)intheEasternCape.It'sknownforitsrichXhosaculture.Itisalsohometoagroupofwomenwhohaveproducedaseriesofextraordinaryartworksthathavebeenexhibitedaroundtheworld.（南非小鎮(zhèn)漢堡坐落在東開(kāi)普省最美麗的河口之一。它以其豐富的科薩文化而聞名。這里也是一群女性的家，她們創(chuàng)作了一系列非凡的藝術(shù)品，并在世界各地展出。）可知，第一段的目的是引入文章的主題。故選B。

2.

根據(jù)第二段中的KeiskammaArtProjectwascreatedtoteachlocalwomenembroidery(刺繡)skillstohelpthematatoughtimeeconomicallyandsocially,butunexpectedlyithasgrownintosomethingmuchbigger.（Keiskamma藝術(shù)項(xiàng)目的創(chuàng)建是為了教授當(dāng)?shù)貗D女刺繡技能，以幫助她們度過(guò)經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)困難時(shí)期，但意想不到的是，它已經(jīng)發(fā)展成了一個(gè)更大的項(xiàng)目。）可知，Keiskamma藝術(shù)項(xiàng)獲得了國(guó)際聲譽(yù)超出了人們的期望。故選B。

3.

根據(jù)第五段中的Byjoining...theXhosaBritishFrontierWarsfrom1776to1876.（通過(guò)將完成的面板連接在一起，他們創(chuàng)造了他們的第一個(gè)大型作品，也是他們最著名的作品之一，“KeiskammaTapestry”，它講述了科薩人在1776年至1876年的殖民統(tǒng)治和科薩英國(guó)邊境戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中被征服的歷史。）可知，制作“凱思卡瑪掛毯”的過(guò)程是互相合作的。故選C。

4.

根據(jù)第六段中的Thefour-meter-high,four-meter-widepiecerevealsthestrugglesthatelderlyXhosawomenenduredwhentheyouthintheircommunitywerehitbyHIVtwodecadesago,andtheysteppedintocareforchildren.（這件四米高，四米寬的作品揭示了二十年前，當(dāng)科薩族的年輕人感染艾滋病毒時(shí)，年長(zhǎng)的科薩婦女所忍受的斗爭(zhēng)，她們挺身而出照顧孩子。）可知，TheKeiskammaAltarpiece展示了科薩人民的苦難。故選A。8~11.【答案】B、A、B、C【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述的是研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，到2100年，南極洲65%的植物和野生動(dòng)物將減少，現(xiàn)有的保護(hù)工作不足以保護(hù)南極生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，我們迫切需要結(jié)合全球行動(dòng)，以最好地保護(hù)南極物種。

1.

根據(jù)第一段中的“Antarcticbiodiversitycoulddeclinesubstantiallybytheendofthecenturyifwecontinuewithbusinessasusual.(如果我們繼續(xù)照常營(yíng)業(yè)，到本世紀(jì)末，南極生物多樣性可能會(huì)大幅下降。)”可知，這樣繼續(xù)下去，南極的生物多樣性會(huì)急劇下降，由此可推知，保護(hù)工作是迫切需要的。故選B。

2.

根據(jù)第二段中的"ThislistingreflectsthegrowingextinctioncrisisandhighlightstheimportanceoftheESAandeffortstoconservespeciesbeforepopulationdeclinesbecomeirreversible(不可逆轉(zhuǎn))."saidServiceDirectorMarthaWilliamsatthetime.（“這一名單反映了日益嚴(yán)重的物種滅絕危機(jī)，凸顯了ESA的重要性，以及在種群數(shù)量下降不可逆轉(zhuǎn)之前保護(hù)物種的努力?！碑?dāng)時(shí)的服務(wù)主管瑪莎·威廉姆斯說(shuō)。）可知，氣候變化正在對(duì)世界各地的物種產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)影響，帝企鵝列人名單是一個(gè)行動(dòng)號(hào)召，來(lái)保護(hù)南極洲野生動(dòng)物。故選A。

3.

根據(jù)最后一段中的“WeurgentlyneedacombinationofglobalandlocalconservationactiontobestconserveAntarcticspecies.Globalactionandglobalvoicestohelprelieveclimatechange—becausethebiggestthreattoAntarcticaiscomingfromoutsideofit.(我們迫切需要全球和地方保護(hù)行動(dòng)相結(jié)合，以最好地保護(hù)南極物種。全球行動(dòng)和全球聲音幫助緩解氣候變化——因?yàn)槟蠘O洲面臨的最大威脅來(lái)自外部。)”可知，我們迫切需要結(jié)合全球和地方保護(hù)行動(dòng)，這有助于緩解氣候變化。故選B。

4.

根據(jù)首段中的"Antarcticbiodiversitycoulddeclinesubstantiallybytheendofthecenturyifwecontinuewithbusinessasusual."JasmineRachaelLee,leadauthoroftheUniversityofQueenslandstudysays.（“如果我們繼續(xù)一切照舊，到本世紀(jì)末，南極的生物多樣性可能會(huì)大幅下降?！崩ナ刻m大學(xué)這項(xiàng)研究的主要作者JasmineRachaelLee說(shuō)。）引出本文講述的話題，及根據(jù)第二段中的PublishedinthejournalPLOSBiology,thestudyfindspopulationdeclinesarelikelyfor65%ofthecontinent'splantsandwildlifebytheyear2100.（這項(xiàng)發(fā)表在《公共科學(xué)圖書(shū)館生物學(xué)》雜志上的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，到2100年，非洲大陸65%的植物和野生動(dòng)物的數(shù)量可能會(huì)下降。）可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，到2100年,南極洲65%的植物和野生動(dòng)物將減少，結(jié)合下文中對(duì)這一研究發(fā)現(xiàn)以及對(duì)解決這一問(wèn)題的迫切性的分析可知，本文主要講述的事一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，要采取更多的行動(dòng)來(lái)保護(hù)南極的野生物種，所以文本的題目為“應(yīng)采取更多行動(dòng)保護(hù)南極洲的野生動(dòng)植物”與文章內(nèi)容吻合，且概括了本文的主題。故選C。12~15.【答案】B、A、B、C【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了無(wú)人機(jī)技術(shù)給我們生活帶來(lái)的好處，以及它的未來(lái)發(fā)展需要注意的問(wèn)題。

1.

根據(jù)第一段中“Thispilotlessminiaircraft,originallydevelopedforphotographyfromaboveandwarfare,isnowbringingusbenefitsclosertohome.(這種無(wú)人駕駛的微型飛機(jī)，最初是為航拍和戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)而開(kāi)發(fā)的，現(xiàn)在它給我們帶來(lái)了離家更近的好處。)”可知，無(wú)人機(jī)最初的用途是在調(diào)查和軍事方面。故選B。

2.

劃線詞句后半部分“whichwillactasabaseforpoliceanddeliverydrones(它將作為警察和送貨無(wú)人機(jī)的基地)”說(shuō)明這是個(gè)基地、交通樞紐，從而推知?jiǎng)澗€部分“AndinCoventryintheUK,constructionhasstartedonanairhub(在英國(guó)考文垂，一個(gè)航空hub已經(jīng)開(kāi)始建設(shè))”其中劃線詞應(yīng)為“樞紐，中心”的意思。故選A。

3.

根據(jù)第三段中的Dronescouldalsoplayapartinimprovingthehealthofmillionsofpeople.（無(wú)人機(jī)還在改善數(shù)百萬(wàn)人的健康方面發(fā)揮作用。）可知，本段講述了無(wú)人機(jī)可以在改善人們的健康方面發(fā)揮作用。故選B。

4.

根據(jù)最后一段中的Itseemsthatthesky'sthelimitforwhatdronetechnologycanachieve...airspacerulesneedupdatingtopreventaccidents.（似乎無(wú)人機(jī)技術(shù)所能達(dá)到的界限就是天空。有時(shí)唯一能讓它站穩(wěn)腳跟的是監(jiān)管。JessicaBrown在為BBC撰寫(xiě)的文章中寫(xiě)道：‘如果我們的天空變得和街道一樣擁擠，就需要更新空域規(guī)則，以防止事故發(fā)生。)”可知，作者引用JessicaBrown的話是為了督促無(wú)人機(jī)管理規(guī)則需要更新。故選C。16~20.【答案】G、A、B、F、E【解析】【文章大意】本文為一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了非洲綠色長(zhǎng)城項(xiàng)目的進(jìn)展情況。

1.

根據(jù)上文“Desertification,theprocessbywhichfertile(肥沃的)landbecomesdesert,hassevereimpactsonfoodproductionandisworsenedbyclimatechange.(荒漠化是肥沃土地變成沙漠的過(guò)程，對(duì)糧食生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)生嚴(yán)重影響，并因氣候變化而惡化。)”可知，此處介紹了荒漠化的影響；下文“Africa'sGreatGreenWallisaprojecttobuildan8,000-kilometre-longforestacross11ofthecontinent'scountries.(非洲綠色長(zhǎng)城?是橫跨非洲11個(gè)國(guó)家建設(shè)8000公里長(zhǎng)的森林的項(xiàng)目。)”，此處介紹了針對(duì)非洲的荒漠化現(xiàn)象的解決措施；G項(xiàng)（聯(lián)合國(guó)說(shuō)，非洲有多達(dá)45%的土地受到沙漠化的影響，比其他任何大陸都嚴(yán)重。）起到承前啟后的作用，上下文銜接連貫。故選G。

2.

根據(jù)上文“TheprojectismeanttocontainthegrowingSaharaDesertandfightclimatechange.(該項(xiàng)目旨在遏制撒哈拉沙漠的擴(kuò)張并應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化。)”，下文“Theyincludelimitedpoliticalsupport,lackofmoney,weakorganizationalstructures,andnotenoughconsiderationfortheenvironment.(它們包括政治支持有限、缺乏資金、組織結(jié)構(gòu)薄弱以及對(duì)環(huán)境考慮不夠。)”，前后有轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，因?yàn)橄挛牧信e的是該項(xiàng)目面臨的困難，設(shè)空處與上文為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，A項(xiàng)（但該項(xiàng)目面臨許多問(wèn)題。），下文的They呼應(yīng)A項(xiàng)中的manyproblems。上下文銜接連貫，故選A。

3.

根據(jù)上文“Just4millionhectares(公頃)oflandhavebeenturnedintoforestsinceworkontheGreenWallbegan15yearsago.(自從15年前開(kāi)始修建綠墻以來(lái)，只有400萬(wàn)公頃的土地變成了森林。)”可知，搞項(xiàng)目進(jìn)展緩慢，B項(xiàng)（這僅僅是該計(jì)劃目標(biāo)的4%。）順接上文，上文中的Just和B項(xiàng)中的only的運(yùn)用，表明：該項(xiàng)目的進(jìn)展實(shí)在太緩慢了，沒(méi)有達(dá)到預(yù)想的速度。故選B。

4.

根據(jù)上文“Firstproposedin2005,theprojectaimstoplantaforestfromSenegalontheAtlanticOceaninwesternAfricatoEritrea,EthiopiaandDjiboutiintheeast.(該項(xiàng)目于2005年首次提出，旨在從西非大西洋沿岸的塞內(nèi)加爾到東部的厄立特里亞、埃塞俄比亞和吉布提，種植一片森林。)”，下文“Itcouldalsoreducelevelsofclimate-relatedmigrationintheareaandcapturehundredsofmillionsoftonsofcarbondioxidefromtheair.Severalcountries