2011年高考英語試題(湖南卷)完整解析版

2011年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（湖南卷）英語試題PartⅡLanguageKnowledge(45marks）SectionA(15marks)Directions：foreachofthefollowingunfinishedsentencestherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentence.Example:Thewildflowerslookedlikeasoftorangeblanket_______thedesert.A.coveringB.coveredC.coverD.tocoverTheanswerisA.21.Theability_______anideaisasimportantastheideaitself.A.expressingB.expressedC.toexpressD.tobeexpressed答案C考察非謂語定在A，C之間；ability作為一beableto，不難判斷正確選項是C22.Joan,What_______inyourhand?動詞作定語的用法，express修飾的是ability，為主動關(guān)系，所以答案鎖抽象名詞，通常使用動詞不定式做定語；當(dāng)然我們還可以聯(lián)系短語Look!It’sabirtydaygiftformygrandma.A.hadyouhelpB.areyouholdingC.doyouholdD.willyouhold答案B考察時態(tài)用法，通過語境判斷是現(xiàn)在的時間，并且表達動作正在發(fā)生，故選B23.Theplayers_______fromthewholecountryareexpectedtobringushonorinthissummergame.A.selecting【答案】CB.toselectC.selectedD.havingselected【解析】考察非謂語動詞做定語的用法。Select修飾players,為被動關(guān)系，只有C選項表被動。24.Iknewthat_______wouldoverdiscouragehim;hewouldnevergiveupwantingtobeadirector.A.somethingB.anythingC.everythingD.nothing27.In1492,Columbus_______ononeoftheBahamaIslands,butthemistookisforanislandoffIndia.A.landsB.landedC.haslandedD.hadlanded【答案】B【解析】考察時態(tài)。動作前已經(jīng)給出具體的過去時間in1492，所以排除A和C。另外根據(jù)題目沒有明確說明"登陸"是發(fā)生在"誤解"之前的動作，排除D；選B。28.Noone_______becomparedwithYaoMinginplayingbasketball.Oh,youarereallyhisbigfan.A.canB.needC.mustD.might【答案】B【解析】考察情態(tài)動詞。need表示“需要”。根據(jù)句意，選A。29.Doyouwakeupeverymorning_______energeticandreadytostartanewday?A.feelB.tofeelC.feelingD.felt32.Onlyaftertheyhaddiscussedthematterforseveralhours_______adecision.A.theyreachedB.didtheyreachC.theyreachD.dotheyreach【答案】B【解析】考察only前置的倒裝句。Only引導(dǎo)狀語從句前置，主句主謂要部分倒裝。文中的"haddiscussed"判斷出是過去時間，故選B。又因為從前33.Jackwasn’tsayinganything,buttheteachersmiledathim_______hehaddonesomethingveryclever.A.asifB.incaseC.whileD.though【答案】A【解析】考察狀語從句的用法。根據(jù)句意，空格處需要填入"好像，仿佛"。故選A。34.Inthenearfuture,moreadvancesintherobottechnology_______byscience.A.aremakingB.aremadeC.willmakeD.willbemade【答案】D【解析】考察時態(tài)語態(tài)。從給出的時間狀語"inthenearfuture"可以看出，說的是將來的事情。又因"進步"是被取得的，故選D。35.It’snotwhatwedoonceinawhile_______shapesourlives,butwhatwedoconsistently.A.whichB.thatC.howD.whenSectionC(12marks)Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyfillingineachblackwithonewordthatbestfitsthecontext.Dosegoingtocollegereally48Englishclassincollegeontheshortstory.Ourfirstassignmentwastoread49shortstoriesandthendiscusswhichonewasbetter.Afterreadingboth,Iwasn’tsure.Overthe50severalmonths,myprofessortaughtme51onestorywassomuchbetterthantheother.52wasrichinmclaphor（隱喻）andcharacterdevelopment,whiletheotherwashumorous53tooshallow.Icouldn’tseethisatfirst.Yet,inafewmonths,mybraingotreeducatedand54couldseethedifferencebetweengoodandbadwritingandcouldappreciateliteratureatawholenewlevel.Goingtocollegehelpsbuildastrongmind,whichleads55greatersuccessinone’slife.【文章大意】本文一篇記敘文。作者通過記錄自己在大學(xué)的一個片段，得出大學(xué)對于學(xué)生的重要作用。48.答案。an，名詞前缺少冠詞修飾，留意English前的冠詞應(yīng)填an。49.答案。two，后文的better，both以及theother均有所提示。50.答案。next，按照記敘文時間發(fā)展先后順序，填next，此題略有難度。51.答案。why，教授告訴我的是如何判斷一個更好，所以應(yīng)填why。個比另一52.答案。one，后文whiletheother給與提示。53.答案。but，while前后對比得出答案。54.答案。I，此句缺少主語，容易得出答案I。55.答案。to，固定搭配leadto。PartⅢReadingComprehension(30marks)Directions:Readthefollowingpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassage.AWhenfirstentered,VanakRestaurantdoesnotlooklikemuchofarestaurant,butoncethepleasantsmellsofkabob（烤肉串）hitthesenses,youareincapableofcallingitanythingless.Ownedbyalocalcouple,thisPersianrestauranthasaninviting,homelikeatmospherethatmanyrestaurantslack.Thespaceissmallwithonlyafewdiningtablesandnearlynodecoration,buttheenvironmentistrulychaiming.Lyinginahardlynoticeablestreetcorner,therestaurantstillattractsallcustomerespeciallythoseexperiencedinthedelightsofMiddleEasrerncooking.AcommonsightisthatofoldPersianmensittinginthecornertalkingloudlyaboutworldtopics,wathcingnewseventsonTV,drinkingablackteaknownasPersianchai,anreadinglocalPersiannespapersallthewhiletryingtofinishofftheirplatespiledwitfood.Thevarietyoffoodattherestaurantislimited,buttheamountofeachdishisfairlylarge.Mostofthemealscanservetwopeopleandareunder$10,sonotonlyisitaffordablybutpracticalaswell.Thefood,especiallyappealstohealth-consciouseatersbecauseeachdishisveryhealthy,madewithlimitedfatandoilandservedstraightoffthegrill（烤肉架）.Themaindishthattherestaurantispopularforisitskabobs,whicharedifferentstyleofgrilledmeat.OnedeliciousandextemelyhealthydishistheJooiehKabob,whichismadeofgrillechichenpicccsservedwitheitherriceorbread.AnothergreatkabobistheCheloKabob,kabobconsintingofgrilledbeef.Althoughtherestaurantissamall,theatmosphereandthefoodisdelicious.Itisaplanthatshouldnotbeoverlooked.56.Whenfirstenteringtherestaurant,onecanfindthatitA.issplendidlydecorated.B.haspleasantsmellsofkabobs.C.iscrowdedwithdiningtable.D.lookslikeacommonrestaurant.57.Whatactivityisalsomentionedapartfromdiningintherestaurant?A.WatchingnewseventsonTV.B.Drinkingakindofblackcoffee.C.ReadinglocalEnglishnewspaper.D.Discussingworldtopicsinlowvoices.58.ThefoodoftherestaurantA.isservedinsmallamounts.B.isratherexpensive.C.isrichinvarity.D.isveryheslthy59.WhatisthedishJoojehKabobmainlymadeof？A.RiceB.ChickenC.BreadD.Beef60.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatrestaurantA.occupies。B.ownsafavorablelocationC.ispopularforitsspecialfoodD.hasaquietenvironmentinside【文章大意】說明文：餐廳的介紹。56.【答案】B【解析】細節(jié)理解題。由第一段的butoncethepleasantsmellsofkabob（烤肉串）hitthesenses,youareincapableofcallingitanythingless.得出答案。BMyfatherwaschiefengineerofamerchantship，whichwassunkinworldwar？？？thebooknightoftheU-boatstoldthestory。MemoriesInSeptember，1940，mymother,sisterandIwenttoSwansea,wheremyfather‘sshipwasgettingreadytosail,webroughthimafamilyphotographytobekeptwithhimatalltimesandkeephimsafe.ThenIremembermymotherlyingfacedown,sobbing.shehadheardfromafriendthattheshiphadbeensunkbyatorpedo(魚雷).Icanrememberthearrivedofthetelegram（電板），whichinthosedaysalwaysbroughtbadnews.mygrandmotheropenedit,itread,safe.loveted.”Mymostvividmemoryisbeingwokenandbroughtdowntositonmyfather’sknee,hisarminabandage.HewasjudgedunfittoreturntoseaandtookashorejobinGlasgowfortherestofthewar,foraslongasIcanremember,hehadaweakheart,mothersaiditwascausedbythetorpedoes.hesaiditwasbecauseofthecigarette,whichever,hediedsuddenlyinhisearly50s.TenyearslaterIreadnightoftheU-boatandabletocompletethestory.AtoastInmyroomisthebookandthephotograph.often,glassinhand,IhavewonderedhowIwouldhavedealtwithanexplosion,asinkingship,ajumpintoavastoceanandawaitforrescue?lest(以免)weforget,Ihavesomemorewhiskyandtoasttheheroesofthewar.61.wecaninferthatthemotherandchildrenwenttoSwansea______.A.tomeetafriendB.toseethefatherC.totakeafamilyD.toenjoythesailingoftheship62.whatdidtheauthorlearnaboutthefatherfromthetelegram?A.hewasstillaliveB.hiskneewasbrokenC.hisshiphadbeensunkD.hehadarrivedinGlasgow63.theunderlinedword“it”inparagraph6referstothefather‘s_____.A.weakheartB.takingashorejobC.failuretoreturnD.injurycausedbyatorpedo64.whatcanweknowabouttheauthor‘sfatherafterhisshipwasattacked?A.helosthisarmB.herepairedtheenginesC.hemanagedtotakealifeboatD.hewasthelasttoleavetheship65whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.agroupofforgottenheroesB.abookdescribingaterrifyingbattleC.ashipengineer’swartimeexperienceD.amerchant’smemoriesofasearescueCArecentstudyofancientandmodernelephanthascomeupwiththeunexpectedconclusionthattheAfricanelephantisdividedintotwodistinct(不同的)speciesThediscoverywasmadebyresearchersatYorkandHarvardUniversitywhentheywereexamingthegeneticrelationshipbetweentheancientwoollymammothandmastodonmodernelephants—theAsianelepphant,Africanforestelephant,andAfricansavannaelephant.OncetheyobastainDNAsequences（序列）fromtwofossils（化石）,mammothsandmastodons,theteamcompartedthemwithDNAfrommodernelephants.TheyfoundtheiramazementthatmordernforestandsavannaelephantsareasdistinctfromeachotherasAsianelephantsandmammoths.ThescientistsuseddetailedgeneticanalysistoprovethattheAfricansavannaelephantandtheAfricanforestelephanthavebeendistinctspeciesforseveralmillionyears.ThedivergenceofthetwospeciestookplacearoundthetimeofthedivergenceofAsianelephantsandwoollymammoths.Thisresultamazedallthescientists.Therehaslongbeendebateinthescientificcommunitythatthetwomightbeseparatespecies,butthisisthemostconvincingscientificevidencesofarthattheyareindeeddifferentspecies.Previously,manynaturalistsbelievedthatAfricansavannaelephantsandAfricanforestelephantsweretwopopulationgsofthesamespecies,despitetheelephants’significantsizedifferences.Thesavannaelephanthasanaverageshoulderheightof3.5metreswhiletheforestelephanthasanaverateshoulderdoubletheweightoftheforestelephant.Butthefactthattheylooksodifferrentdoesnotneccssarilymeantheyaredifferentspecies.HowevertheprooflayintheanalysisioftheDNA.AlfriedRoca,assitantprofessorintheDepartmentofAnimalSciencesattheUniversityofIllinois,said,“Wenowhavetotreattheforestandsavannaelephantsastwodifficultunitsforconservationpurpose.Since1950,allAficanelephantshavebeenconservedasonespecies.Nowthatweknowtheforestandsavannaelephantshavebeendistinctanimals,theforestelephantshouldbecomeabiggerpriority（優(yōu)先）forconservationpurposes.”66.OneofthefossilesstudiedbytheresearchersisthatofA.theAsianelephant.B.theforestelephantC.thesavannaelephantD.themaslodonelephant67.Theunderlinedword“divergence”inParagraph4means“A.evolution.”B.exhibitionC.separationD.examination68.Theresearchers’conclusionwasbasedonastudyoftheAfricanelephant’s.A.DNAB.heightC.weightD.population69.WhatareAlfredRoca’swordsmainlyabout?A.TheconservationofAficanelephantB.ThepurposeofstudyingAficanelephantC.ThewaytodivideAficanelephantsintotwounitsD.TherensonforthedistinctionofAfricanelephants70.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttilleforthepassage?A.Naturalist’BeliefsaboutElephantsB.AmazingExperimentsaboutElephantsC.AnUnexpectedFindingahoutElephantsD.ALongScientififDebateaboutElephantsPartⅣWriting（45marks）SectionA（10mark）Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillinthenumberedblanksbyusingtheinformationfromthepassage.WriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswer.Apersonsearchesvariouswebsitesfordifferentreasons,suchasschool,work,orentertaiment.Forteenagers,manyinformationresouscesontheInternetcanbeused.Asamatteroffact,thereareeducational,musicandartwebsitesthataretrulyhelpfultoteeagers,becausetheycanhelpmakeone’slifeeasier.Educationwebsitesarehelpfultoateenagerindoingschoolworkandsearchingforacolleag.Somecanhelpstudyingfortestes,explainingalesson,anddoinghomeward.Somecanhelpfindtherightschoolbasedonone’sinterests.Andstillothershavepagesdevotedtothesociallifeateachcollegesorthespeciesactivitiesthatatacertainschool.Somefreemusicsitesenableateenagertodiversifytheirmusical_tastes.Onthesesites,alltypesofmusicareavailablesuchaspop,jazzandcountry．Onecantypeinasong，categoryorartistandhisorherentirecatalogappears.Then．Thelistenercanmakemultipleplaylistswithoutcreatinganaccount(賬戶)withthesite.Therevariousartweb,sitesthatcanhelpstudentstoappreciateandcreateartpieces.Onthesesites,astudentcanviewnumerousphotosandartpiecesfromdifferent．Mediumsorcreateanaccountwiththewebsitetouploadtheirartpiecesforpeopletosee.Inaddition,onecanenjoyvariousartpeoplehavecreatedondisplayfortherestoftheworld.TrulyinformativeresourcesofferedontheInternet.Thebestsuggestiononecanreceiveistotrytolookfornewwebsitesthatcanhelpintheeducational，music,orartareasoonecanbecomewell-roundedandinformed.TrulyHelpfulWebsitesforTeenagersMany71areavailableonvariouswebsites.I.Educationalsites:helpingone72andsearchforacollege·Studyfortests,explainalesson,anddohomework·Findtherightschoolthatone73·learninformationaboutcollegesociallifeand74IIFreemusicsites;75todiversifymusicaltastes·Listentoalltypesofmusic·Typeinasong,category,orartisttogetanentirecatalog·makemultipleplaylists76III.77；helpingoneappreciateandcreateworks·Viewphotosandworksfrommediums·78forotherstosee·79ondisplayHelpfulwebsitescanmaketeenagers8077.【答案】Artsites【解析】第四段第一句Therearevariousartwebsitethat…。78.【答案】Uploadartpieces【解析】第四段第二句后半部分…touploadtheirartpiecesforpeopletosee。79.【答案】Enjoyartprojects…onecanenjoyvariousartprojectsthat…。well-roundedandinformed全文最后一句：…soonecanbecomewell-roundedandinformed?！窘馕觥康谒亩巫詈笠痪?0.【答案】【解析】SectionB(10marks)Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Answerthequestionsaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassage.MyFirstLongRunTwoweeksago,Ihadaquarrelwithmyhusband.Afterhehaddrivenoffinanger,IrealizedthatIwasn’tgoingtofeelanybetterjustsittingthere.Feelingabandonedandguilty,Iputonmygymshoestogetsomefreshair.Ourdrivewayhasaslope(科技)thatiseasierjusttojogdownifyouarelazy,takingadvantageofgravity.Insteadofstoppingattheendoft