2023學(xué)年完整公開課版2022湖南高考卷

2022年高考英語試題及答案（湖南卷）第二部分：英語知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)單項填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）

從A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。

例：Thewildflowerslookedlikeasoftorangeblanketthedesert.

A.coveringB.coveredC.coverD.tocover

答案是A。21.Everyeveningafterdinner,ifnotfromwork,Iwillspendsometimewalkingmydog.

A.beingtiredB.tiringC.tiredD.tobetired22．MostAmericanswouldprefertokeeptheirproblemsthemselves,andsolvetheirproblems______themselves.

A.to;byB.by;toC.for;toD.in;on23．Whenhethedoor,hefoundhiskeyswerenowhere.

A.wouldopenB.openedC.hadopenedD.wastoopen24．Icanbeateacher.I’mnotaverypatientperson.

A.seldomB.everC.neverD.always25．Attheageof29,Davewasaworker,inasmallapartmentnearBostonand______whattodoabouthisfuture.

A.living;wonderingB.lived;wondering

C.lived;wonderedD.living;wondered26．IwasborninNewOrleans,Louisiana,acitynamewillcreateapictureofbeautifultreesandgreengrassinourmind.

A.whichB.ofwhichC.thatD.whose27．Wouldyoupleasekeepsilent?TheweatherreportandIwanttolisten.

A.isbroadcastB.isbeingbroadcast

C.hasbeenbroadcastD.hadbeenbroadcast

28．Sheisverydeartous.Wehavebeenpreparedtodoittakestosaveherlife.

A.whicheverB.howeverC.whateverD.whoever29.Nowadayspeoplesometimesseparatetheirwastetomakeiteasierforit.

A.reusingB.reusedC.reusesD.tobereused30.—It’stheoffice!Soyouknoweatingisnotallowedhere.

—Oh,sorry.

A.mustB.willC.mayD.need31.Pleasedomeafavor—______myfriendMr.SmithtoYouthTheaterat7:30tonight.

A.toinviteB.invitingC.inviteD.invited32.YouandIcouldhardlyworktogether,?

A.couldyouB.couldn’tIC.couldn’tweD.couldwe33.Eitheryouoroneofyourstudents______toattendthemeetingthatisduetomorrow.

A.areB.isC.haveD.be34.______thepolicethoughthewasthemostlikelyone,sincetheyhadnoexactproofaboutit,theycouldnotarresthim.

A.AlthoughB.AslongasC.IfonlyD.Assoonas35.—Thefoodhereisniceenough.

—Myfriend______mearightplace.

A.introducesB.introducedC.hadintroducedD.wasintroducing第二節(jié)完型填空（共20小題；每小題分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從第36至第55小題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。

“It’snouse,Mum,”saidJohnny.“I’mjustnogoodatdancing.”“You’vegottokeeptrying.Tonightwillbe

36

,dear.TryaturnwiththatprettyLisette.”

Johnny

37

.EverySaturdaynightusedtobethebestoftheweek.Heandhisparentswenttothe

38

attheClub,wherehishero,Alcide,playedtheaccordion(手風(fēng)琴)withtheband.Butlatelyeverythinghadchanged.NowthatJohnnywasolder,hewas

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todancewithagirl!

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JohnnyandhisparentsarrivedattheClub,musichadalreadystarted.Johnnygotuphis

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toapproachLisette.“MayIhavethisdance?”Johnnyasked.“That’sallright,”saidLisette.JohnnystruggledtokeepupwithLisette’s

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steps,buthewasalwaysonebeatbehindher.ThenJohnnyheardhisfriendPierresay,“Look!Johnnyhastwoleftfeet!”

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burstfromthecrowd.Johnny

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andranoutside,determinednevertogotoanotherdance.

ThenextSaturday,Alcide

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toJohnny’shouseforsomepotatoes.HehappenedtohearJohnnyplayingtheaccordion.Alcide’seyes

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.“Bringthataccordionandplaysomesongstonight,”Alcidesaid.Thenhedroveoff,leavingJohnnystaringopen-mouthed

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him.AttheClub,JohnnyscannedthecrowdforLisetteand

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her.ThebandplayedforalongtimebeforeAlcidesaid,“Dearfriends,Igota

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foryoutonight.YoungJohnnyisgoingtojoinus!”

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,Johnnysteppedupontheplatform,hiseyesonthefloor.Hebegantoplay,andtheband

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behindhim.Whenthesongended,heheardcheers.Johnnykeptplayinguntilthedancewas

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.“Youdidafinejobtonight.PlaywithusagainnextSaturdaynight,”Alcidesaid.“Yes,sir!”saidJohnny.53hewentoutside,JohnnysawLisetteandherfriendsnearthedoor.Lisettestepped

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,smiling.“Youplayedreallygoodtonight!”shesaid.

“Thankyou,”Johnnyblushed(臉紅).Ashewalkedon,Pierre

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movedoutofthewayforhimtopass.Johnnypattedhisaccordion.Cometothinkofit,inhiswholelife,hehadneveronceseenAlcideoutonthedancefloor.36.A.difficultB.troublesomeC.differentD.terrible37.A.answeredB.sighedC.smiledD.laughed38.A.platformB.appointmentC.meetingD.dance39.A.expectedB.invitedC.allowedD.chosen40.A.IfB.SinceC.ThoughD.When41.A.spiritsB.feelingsC.courageD.strength42.A.smoothB.clumsyC.slowD.small43.A.ShoutsB.LaughterC.ApplauseD.Cheers44.A.brokeawayB.wentoutC.brokeupD.turnedout45.A.ranB.walkedC.droveD.cycled46.A.openedB.rolledC.sharpenedD.widened47.A.offB.withC.afterD.for48.A.caughtB.searchedC.soughtD.spotted49.A.surpriseB.puzzleC.storyD.joke50.A.StrugglingB.TremblingC.WanderingD.Whispering51.A.gotroundB.joinedinC.turnedaroundD.showedoff52.A.inB.outC.overD.on53.A.AsB.BecauseC.UntilD.So54.A.backwardB.forwardC.onwardD.downward55.A.stillB.evenC.everD.almost第三部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)選擇題（共17小題；每小題2分，滿分34分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。A

EddieMcKay,aonce-forgottenpilot,isasubjectofgreatinteresttoagroupofhistorystudentsinCanada.ItallstartedwhenGrahamBroad,aprofessorattheUniversityofWesternOntario,foundMcKay’snameinafootnoteinabookaboutuniversityhistory.McKaywasincludedinalistofuniversityalumni(校友)whohadservedduringtheFirstWorldWar,buthisnamewasunfamiliartoBroad,aspecialistinmilitaryhistory.Outofcuriosity,Broadspenthoursatthelocalarchives(檔案館)inafruitlesssearchforinformationonMcKay.Tiredanddiscouraged,hefinallygaveup.Onhiswayout,Broad’sglancehappenedtofallonanexhibitingcaseshowingsomeoldnewspapers.Hiseyewasdrawntoanoldpictureofayoungmaninarugbyuniform.Ashereadthewordsbesidethepicture,heexperiencedathrillingrealization.“Afterlookingforhimallday,therehewas,staringupatmeoutoftheexhibitingcase,”saidBroad.Excitedbythefind,Broadaskedhisstudentstocontinuehissearch.Theycombedoldnewspapersandothermaterialsforclues.Gradually,apicturecameintoview.CaptainAlfredEdwinMcKayjoinedtheBritishRoyalFlyingCorpsin1916.Hedownedtenenemyplanes,outlivedhisentiresquadron(中隊)asaWWIflyer,spentsometimeasaflyinginstructorinEngland,thenreturnedtothefront,wherehewaseventuallyshotdownoverBelgiumandkilledinDecember1917.Butthere’smoretohisstory.“Forabrieftimein1916hewasprobablythemostfamouspilotintheworld,”saysBroad.“HewascreditedwithdowningOswaldBoelcke,themostfamousGermanpilotatthetime.”Yet,inaletterhome,McKayrefusedtotakecredit,sayingthatBoelckehadactuallycrashedintoanotherGermanplane.

McKay’swarrecordsweredestroyedduringaWorldWarIIairbombingonLondon—anexplanationforwhyhewasallbutforgotten.Butnow,thankstotheeffortsofBroadandhisstudents,amarkerinMcKay’smemorywasplacedontheuniversitygroundsinNovember2022.“IfoundmyeyesfillingwithtearsasIreadtheword‘deceased’(陣亡)nexttohisname,”saidCoreyEverrett,astudentwhofoundapictureofMckayinhisuniform.“Thiswassuchasimpleexampleofthefactthathehadbeenastudentjustlikeus,butinsteadoffinishinghistimeatWestern,hechosetofightanddieforhiscountry.”56.WhatmadeProfessorBroadcontinuehissearchformoreinformationonMcKay?

A.AuniformofMcKay.B.AfootnoteaboutMcKay.

C.AbookonMcKay.D.ApictureofMcKay.57.WhatdidthestudentsfindoutaboutMcKay?

A.Hetrainedpilotsforsometime.

B.Helivedlongerthanotherpilots.

C.HediedintheSecondWorldWar.

D.HewasdownedbythepilotBoelcke.58.McKay’sflyingdocumentsweredestroyedin.

A.BelgiumB.GermanyC.CanadaD.England59.WecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthatMcKay.

A.preferredfighttohisstudy

B.wenttowarbeforegraduation

C.leftapictureforCoreyEverrett

D.setanexampleforhisfellowstudents60.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Theresearchintowarhistory.

B.Thefindingofaforgottenhero.

C.Thepilotsofthetwoworldwars.

D.Theimportanceofmilitarystudies.B

RichardSolo1800RechargeableBatteryInjustminutesaday,pluginandchargeyouriPhonequickly!JustplugRichardSolo1800intoyouriPhoneonceortwiceaday,forfifteenminutes,andkeepyouriPhonechargedup.Atyourdesk,oratdinner,plugRichardSolointoiPhonetoinstantlytransfercharge.Nomorebatteryworries.RichardSolowillchargeiPhonetofulltimes,anditisgoodfor3-5yearsofrecharges.

UsetheiPhonewhilechargingit.EvenchargetheRichardSolo1800andiPhonetogetheratthesametime.TakeonlyonechargerwhentravelingandwakeupinthemorningwiththeRichardSoloandtheiPhonecharged.RichardSolo1800islargestinitsclassandholdsitschargeformonths.WorkswithalmostalliPhonecases.Yoursatisfactionisguaranteed,withour30-dayreturnprivilege.Ifyou’renotsatisfiedforanyreason,we’llemailyouapre-paidreturnlabel.Actualcustomercomments:Tohaveyourcompanyexhibitsuchgoodserviceisunbelievablyrefreshing.—.ThisiswhatIcallgreatcustomersupport.Iwishmorecompanieswouldfigurethisoutthesedays.Thankyousomuch.—.YouhaveprovidedmeoneofthebestservicesIhaveeverseenonanyonline/telephoneshopping.—.Youmusthavethefastestprocessingandshippingintheindustry!!—.ThisisthebestcustomerserviceexperienceIhavehadinalongtime.—.I’vereadonlineaboutyouramazingcustomerservice,andImustsayI’mnowatruebeliever.—.61.HowlongdoesittakethebatterytochargeupaniPhone?

A.15minutes.B.30minutes.C.hours.D.3hours.62.Whatisspecialaboutthebattery?

A.ItisbuiltinaniPhone.

B.Itisthesmallestofitskind.

C.Itcanalsobeusedasacharger.

D.Itkeepspowerforabout30days.63.Whomentionsthetransportingofthebattery?

A..B..C..D..64.Thecustomercommentsonthebatteryaremainlyaboutits_______.

A.qualityB.serviceC.functionD.shoppingC

Peoplediettolookmoreattractive.Fishdiettoavoidbeingbeatenup,thrownoutoftheirsocialgroup,andgettingeatenasaresult.ThatisthefascinatingconclusionofthelatestresearchintofishbehaviorbyateamofAustralianscientists.Theresearchteamhavediscoveredthatsubordinatefishvoluntarilydiettoavoidchallengingtheirlargercompetitors.“Instudyinggobieswenoticedthatonlythelargesttwoindividuals,amaleandfemale,hadbreeding(繁殖)rightswithinthegroup,”explainsMarianWong.“Allothergroupmembersarenonbreedingfemales,eachbeing5-10%smallerthanitsnextlargestcompetitor.Wewantedtofindouthowtheymaintainthisprecisesizeseparation.”Thereasonforthesizedifferencewaseasytosee.Onceasubordinatefishgrowstowithin5-10%ofthesizeofitslargercompetitor,itcausesafightwhichusuallyendsinthesmallergobybeingdrivenawayfromthegroup.Moreoftenthannot,theevictedfishistheneatenup.Itappearedthatthesmallerfishwerekeepingthemselvessmallinordertoavoidchallengingthebossfish.Whethertheydidsovoluntarily,byrestraininghowmuchtheyate,wasnotclear.Theresearchteamdecidedtodoanexperiment.Theytriedtofattenupsomeofthesubordinategobiestoseewhathappened.Totheirsurprise,thegobiessimplyrefusedtheextrafoodtheywereoffered,clearlypreferringtoremainsmallandavoidfights,overhavingafeast.Thediscoverychallengesthetraditionalscientificviewofhowbossindividualskeeptheirpositioninagroup.Previouslyitwasthoughtthatlargeindividualssimplyusedtheirweightandsizetothreatentheirsubordinatesandtakemoreofthefoodforthemselves,sokeepingtheircompetitorssmall.Whilethehabitsofgobiesmayseemalittlemysterious,Dr.Wongexplainsthatunderstandingtherelationshipsbetweenbossandsubordinateanimalsisimportanttounderstandinghowhierarchical(等級的)societiesremainstable.Theresearchhasprovedthefactthatvoluntarydietingisahabitfarfromexclusivetohumans.“Asyet,welackacompleteunderstandingofhowwidespreadthevoluntaryreductionoffoodintakeisinnature,”theresearcherscomment.“Dataonhumandietingsuggeststhat,whilehumansgenerallydiettoimprovehealthorincreaseattractiveness,rarelydoesitimprovelong-termhealthandmalesregularlypreferfemalesthatarefatterthanthefemales’ownideal.”65.Whenagobygrowstowithin5-10%ofthesizeofitslargercompetitor,it.

A.facesdangerB.hasbreedingrights

C.eatsitscompetitorD.leavesthegroupitself66.Theunderlinedwords“theevictedfish”inParagraph3referto.

A.thefishbeatenupB.thefishfoundout

C.thefishfattenedupD.thefishdrivenaway67.Theexperimentshowedthatthesmallerfish.

A.foughtoverafeastB.wentondietwillingly

C.preferredsomeextrafoodD.challengedthebossfish68.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Fishdietingandhumandieting.B.Dietingandhealth.

C.Humandieting.D.Fishdieting.D

AndrewRitchie,inventoroftheBromptonfoldingbicycle,oncesaidthattheperfectportablebikewouldbe“l(fā)ikeamagiccarpet…Youcouldfolditupandputitintoyourpocketorhandbag”.Thenhepaused:“Butyou’llalwaysbelimitedbythesizeofthewheels.Andsofarnoonehasinventedafoldingwheel.”Itwasarare—indeedunique—occasionwhenIwasabletoputRitchieright.A19th-centuryinventor,WilliamHenryJamesGrout,didinfactdesignafoldingwheel.Hisbike,predictablynamedtheGroutPortable,hadaframethatsplitintotwoandalargerwheelthatcouldbeseparatedintofourpieces.AllthebitsfittedintoGrout’sWonderfulBag,aleathercase.Grout’saim:tosolvetheproblemsofcarryingabikeonatrain.Nowdoesn’tthatsoundfamiliar?Groutintendedtofindawayofmakingabikesmallenoughfortraintravel:hisbikewasahugebeast.Andimportantly,thedesignofearlybicyclesgavehimanadvantage:inGrout’sday,tyresweresolid,whichmadethebusinessofsplittingawheelintofourseparatepartsrelativelysimple.Youcouldn’tdothesamewithawheelfittedwithaone-pieceinflated(充氣的)tyre.

So,ina21st-centurycontext,istheideaofthefoldingwheeldead?Itisnot.ABritishdesignengineer,DuncanFitzsimons,hasdevelopedawheelthatcanbesquashedintosomethinglikeaslenderellipse(橢圓).Throughout,thetyreremainsinflated.WilltheyoungFitzsimons’sfoldingwheelmakeitintoproduction?Ihaven’tthefoggiestidea.Buthisinventivenessshowstwothings.First,peoplehavebeensayingformorethanacenturythatbikedesignhasreacheditslimit,exceptforgradualadvances.It’sassillyaconceptnowasitwas100yearsago:there’splentystilltogofor.Second,itisinthefieldoffoldingbikesthatweareseeingthemostinterestinginventions.Youcanbuyafoldingbikeforlessthan￡1,000thatcanbeknockeddownsosmallthatitcanbecarriedonaplane—minuswheels,ofcourse—ashandbaggage.Foldingwheelswouldmakeallmannerofthingspossible.HaveweyetgotthemagiccarpetofAndrewRitchie’simagination?No.Butit’sprogress.69.WecaninferfromParagraph1thattheBromptonfoldingbike.

A.wasportableB.hadafoldingwheel

C.couldbeputinapocketD.lookedlikeamagiccarpet70.WecanlearnfromthetextthatthewheelsoftheGroutPortable.

A.weredifficulttoseparateB.couldbesplitinto6pieces

C.werefittedwithsolidtyresD.werehardtocarryonatrain71.WecanlearnfromthetextthatFitzsimons’sinvention.

A.keptthetyreasawholepieceB.wasmadeintoproductionsoon

C.leftlittleroomforimprovementD.changedourviewsonbagdesign72.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.ThreefoldingbikeinventorsB.Themakingofafoldingbike

C.ProgressinfoldingbikedesignD.Waysofseparatingabikewheel第二節(jié)簡答題（共3小題；每小題2分，滿分6分）

閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)第73至第75小題的具體要求，簡要回答問題，并將答案轉(zhuǎn)寫到答題卡上。Alongtimeago,MiltonS.Hershey,thecreatorofthepopularchocolatebars,wasdippedinwarmchocolate.Iknowallaboutit.Mygrandfatherwasthere!

Atnineteen,HersheyestablishedacandybusinessinPhiladelphia.Althoughitfailed,hetriedagaininseveralothercitiesandsucceededwithCrystalACaramels.ButHersheywasnotcontent.Hebeganexperimentingwithchocolateandmanagedtosellhisfirstchocolatebarsin1900.Theywereaninstantsuccess.In1903,Hersheybuiltafactory.Hersheywasusuallypleasantandkindandenjoyedagoodjoke.However,inhischocolatefactory,heheldhighstandardsforalltheworkers.Hewasbothrespectedandfeared.Hisangerwouldburstoutwhenthingsdidn’tgoashe’dexpected,andworkerswerefiredformistakes.Mygrandfatherbeganworkinginthefactoryasayoungman.Hisjobwastopushthevats(大桶)ofwarmchocolatetoastoragearea.Todothis,hehadtopushtheheavyvatsuparamp(斜坡)andacrossthewalkway.Oneday,Hersheywaswalkingbackwardonthewalkwaywhilemygrandfatherwaspushingavatofchocolateuptheramp.Bump.Clunk.Ker-plop!Hersheyfellbackwardintothevat.Everyoneelseheldtheirbreathandranuptopullhimout.Grandfatherfrozeinfear.Washegoingtolosehisjob?Hersheystoodstifflywithhishandsonhiships.Colorroseinhisface.Hesaidsomethinginalowvoice.Thenhesmiled.“It’snotyourfault,son,”hesaid.“IneedtowatchwhereI’mgoing.”Heputsomechocolateinhismouth.“Mmm,that’sgood,”hesaid.Everyonelaughed.Thetourcontinued,withHersheydrippingchocolateashewent.AndGrandfatherkepthisjob.

73.WhatdidGrandfatherdoinHershey’sfactory?（回答詞數(shù)不超過12個）

74.Whydidn’tHersheyfireGrandfather?（回答詞數(shù)不超過10個）..75.WhatdoestheincidentshowusaboutHershey?（回答詞數(shù)不超過15個）

第四部分：書面表達（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)填空（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）

閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文后第76至第85小題的空格里填上適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或短語，并將答案轉(zhuǎn)寫到答題卡上。

注意：每空不超過3個單詞。

Whatiseco-fashion?Eco-fashionisacomplexphenomenonandthecommonuseofthetermcoverstwoaspectsoffashion—‘ecological’and‘ethical’(倫理的).Ecologicalfashionusuallyreferstotextile(織物)andclothingproductionprocessesandtheenvironmentalissues(議題)surroundingthem;ethicalfashiongenerallyrelatestotheworkingconditionsinvolvedintheproducingprocesses.Whataretheproblemswithfashion?Firstly,theproductionoftextilespollutestheenvironmentheavily.Co