01 衡水中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)資料-必修一

衡水中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)資料必修1Unit1Friendship重點(diǎn)單詞1．surveyn．調(diào)查；測(cè)驗(yàn)2．upsetadj.心煩意亂的；不安的；不適的vt.使不安；使心煩3．ignorevt.不理睬；忽視4．packvt.&vi.捆扎；包裝；打包行李n．小包；包裹5．teenagern．十幾歲的青少年6．gratefuladj.感激的；表示謝意的7．calmvt.&vi.(使)平靜；(使)鎮(zhèn)定adj.平靜的→calmlyadv.平靜地；鎮(zhèn)靜地8．concernvt.(使)擔(dān)憂；涉及n．擔(dān)心；關(guān)注；(利害)關(guān)系→concernedadj.有關(guān)的；關(guān)切的；憂慮的→concerningprep.關(guān)于；涉及9．looseadj.松的；松開的→looselyadv.寬松地→loosenvt.松開10．outdoorsadv.在戶外；在野外→outdooradj.戶外的；露天的→indoorsadv.在室內(nèi)11．entireadj.整個(gè)的；完全的；全部的→entirelyadv.完全地；全然地；整個(gè)地12．powern．能力；力量；權(quán)力→powerfuladj.強(qiáng)大的；有力的→powerlessadj.無(wú)力的；無(wú)能為力的；無(wú)權(quán)的13．settlevt.使定居；安排；解決vi.安家；定居；停留→settlementn．安頓；定居；定居點(diǎn)；協(xié)議；解決→settlern．移民；殖民者14．suffervt.&vi.遭受；忍受；經(jīng)歷→sufferingn．折磨；苦難15．recovervt.&vi.痊愈；恢復(fù)；重新獲得→recoveryn．恢復(fù)；復(fù)蘇；康復(fù)16．disagreevi.不同意→agreevi.同意→agreementn．同意；一致；協(xié)議17．exactlyadv.確實(shí)如此；正是；確切地→exactadj.準(zhǔn)確的；精確的18．dustyadj.積滿灰塵的→dustn．灰塵重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1．a(chǎn)dd_up合計(jì)2．calm(…)down(使)平靜下來(lái)；(使)鎮(zhèn)定下來(lái)3．have_got_to不得不；必須4．be_concerned_about關(guān)心；掛念5．go_through經(jīng)歷；穿過(guò)；瀏覽；仔細(xì)檢查；完成6．set_down記下；放下；登記7．a(chǎn)_series_of一連串的；一系列；一套8．on_purpose故意9．in_order_to為了……10．a(chǎn)t_dusk在黃昏時(shí)刻11．face_to_face面對(duì)面地12．nolonger/not…anylonger不再……13．suffer_from遭受；患病14．get/be_tired_of對(duì)……厭煩15．pack_(sth)_up將(東西)裝箱打包16．get_along/on_with與……相處；進(jìn)展17．fall_in_love相愛；愛上18．join_in參加；加入重點(diǎn)句型1．before引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句Sheandherfamilyhidawayfornearlytwenty-fivemonthsbeforetheywerediscovered.(教材P2)2．強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：Itis/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)象＋that/who＋其他成分Iwonderifit'sbecauseIhaven'tbeenabletobeoutdoorsforsolongthatI'vegrownsocrazyabouteverythingtodowithnature.(教材P2)語(yǔ)法要點(diǎn)直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)(Ⅰ)：陳述句和疑問句1．陳述句“Idon'twanttosetdownaseriesoffactsinadiary，”saidAnne.(Directspeech)→Annesaidthatshedidn'twanttosetdownaseriesoffactsinadiary.(Indirectspeech)2．一般疑問句“Doesafriendalwayshavetobeaperson？”thewriterasksus.→Thewriterasksusifafriendalwayshastobeaperson.3．特殊疑問句“Whatdoyoucallyourdiary？”Anne'ssisteraskedher.→Anne'ssisteraskedherwhatshecalledherdiary.upsetadj.心煩意亂的；不安的；不適的；難過(guò)的vt.(upset,upset)使不安；使心煩；攪亂；弄翻Yourfriendcomestoschoolveryupset.(教材P1)你的朋友來(lái)上學(xué)時(shí)心情很不好。(1)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(be/getupsetabout/over/at/bysth為某事心煩,be/getupsettodosth/that………讓人不安/心煩))(2)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(upsetoneselfaboutsth為某事而煩惱,Itupsetssbtodosth/that…讓某人心煩的是……))①Shewasupsetto_know(know)thatherapplicationforthepositionwasrefused.知道她的職位申請(qǐng)?jiān)獾骄芙^后，她感到很沮喪。②Allmyplanswere_upset(upset)bythesuddenchangeintheweather.我所有的計(jì)劃都被突然變化的天氣打亂了。③Don'tupsetyourself(you)aboutit—noharmhasbeendone.沒有造成損失，不要為那件事而煩惱了。calmvi.&vt.(使)安靜；(使)冷靜；(使)鎮(zhèn)定adj.平靜的；鎮(zhèn)靜的；沉著的(1)calm…down讓……平靜下來(lái)(2)be/stay/keep/remaincalm保持鎮(zhèn)靜(3)calmlyadv.平靜地；鎮(zhèn)靜地；冷靜地①Hetookafewdeepbreathstocalmhimselfdown.他深深地吸了幾口氣使自己平靜下來(lái)。②Youmustkeepcalm(calm)infaceofdanger.面對(duì)危險(xiǎn)你必須保持鎮(zhèn)靜?！颈容^】calm平靜的，沉著的。指水面無(wú)風(fēng)浪或人的心情不激動(dòng)。例：Wewillhavetodiscussthisprobleminacalmmood.我們不得不冷靜地來(lái)討論這個(gè)問題。quiet寧?kù)o的，安靜的。指沒有聲音，不吵鬧或心境不煩躁。意即：withoutnoise。例：Helivedaquietlifeinthecountry.他在鄉(xiāng)下過(guò)著平靜的生活。silent寂靜的，沉默的。指不說(shuō)話或沒有聲音。意即：withoutspeaking。例：It'sbadmannerstokeepsilentwhentheteacherasksyouaquestion.老師提問時(shí)你默不作聲是不禮貌的。still靜止的，不動(dòng)的。指(人體等)無(wú)運(yùn)動(dòng)的。意即：withoutmoving。例：KeepstillwhileIbrushyourhair.我給你梳頭時(shí)你不要?jiǎng)?。concernvt.(使)擔(dān)憂；涉及；關(guān)系到n．擔(dān)心；關(guān)注(的事情)；(利害)關(guān)系Youwilltellyourfriendthatyouareconcernedabouthim/herandyouwillmeetafterclassandtalkthen.(教材P1)你會(huì)告訴你的朋友你關(guān)心他/她，下課后你們就見面談?wù)劇?1)concernoneselfabout/for對(duì)……表示關(guān)心/擔(dān)憂(2)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(It'snoconcernofmine/yours.這不關(guān)我/你的事。,show/expressconcernabout/for對(duì)……表示關(guān)心))(3)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(concernedadj.作表語(yǔ)或前置定語(yǔ)關(guān)心的，掛念的；,作后置定語(yǔ)相關(guān)的,beconcernedwith與……有關(guān)；涉及；關(guān)注,beconcernedabout/for關(guān)心……；擔(dān)心……,as/sofaras…beconcerned就……而言；依……之見))(4)concerningprep.關(guān)于；有關(guān)①Theauthoritiesconcerned(concern)areconcernedabout/fortheinterestswhichareconcernedwiththepeople.有關(guān)當(dāng)局關(guān)心有關(guān)人民的利益。②AsfarasI'mconcerned,solvingtheproblemsdependsonthejointeffortsofthewholesociety.在我看來(lái)，解決這一問題依靠全社會(huì)共同努力。③Theprofessorwilldeliveralectureconcerning(concern)environmentprotection.教授將作一個(gè)關(guān)于環(huán)保的演講。④Itconcernsmethatyounolongerseemtocare.你似乎不再在乎，這令我擔(dān)憂。settlevi.安家；定居；停留；安頓下來(lái)vt.使定居；安排；解決Shefounditdifficulttosettleandcalmdowninthehidingplace.(教材P4)她發(fā)現(xiàn)在藏身的地方難以安定和平靜下來(lái)。(1)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(settletheproblem/dispute/argument,解決問題/爭(zhēng)端/爭(zhēng)論,settledown定居；安頓下來(lái)；使平靜下來(lái),settledowntosth/doingsth開始認(rèn)真做某事,settlein/into使適應(yīng)新家/工作/環(huán)境等；習(xí)慣于,settleon/upon就……達(dá)成協(xié)議；最后決定))(2)settlern．移民；殖民者(3)settlementn．安頓；定居；定居點(diǎn)；協(xié)議；解決①Classbegins.Thestudentssettledowntolistening(listen)totheteachercarefully.上課了，學(xué)生們開始認(rèn)真聽老師講課。②Ittookherawhiletosettlein/intohernewjob.她過(guò)了一段時(shí)間才適應(yīng)了新工作。③Theherdsmenwillliveinnewsettlements(settle)in2019.牧民們將在2019年住進(jìn)新住宅區(qū)。suffervt.&vi.遭受；忍受；經(jīng)歷；患……病Shesufferedfromloneliness,butshehadtolearntolikeitthere.(教材P4)她深受孤獨(dú)之苦，但在那兒她不得不學(xué)會(huì)喜歡孤獨(dú)。(1)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(sufferpain/defeat/loss/poverty/hunger/hardship,遭受痛苦/失敗/損失/貧窮/饑餓/苦難,sufferfrom受……折磨；患……病))(2)sufferern．患病者；受難者(3)sufferingn．[U]痛苦；苦惱；[pl.]讓人痛苦的事①Thepeopleinthefloodedareaaresuffering(from)coldandhunger.洪災(zāi)地區(qū)的人們正忍饑挨凍。②Hismanynovelshaveportrayedthesufferings(suffer)ofhisrace.他在很多小說(shuō)中描述了他的種族所遭受的種種苦難。recovervi.&vt.痊愈；恢復(fù)；重新獲得HowcanLindarecoverfromherillnessinthisroomwhenit'ssodirtyanddusty?(教材P4)在這樣骯臟、滿是灰塵的房間里，琳達(dá)怎么可能病愈呢？(1)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(recoverlosses彌補(bǔ)損失,recoveroneself恢復(fù)常態(tài)；使清醒,recoverfrom從……中恢復(fù)))(2)recoveryn．康復(fù)；恢復(fù)①Shedidn'tseeanythingsuddenlybutquicklyrecoveredhersight.她突然看不見任何東西了，但是很快又恢復(fù)了視力。②Sheseemedupsetbutquicklyrecoveredherself(her)．她顯得心煩意亂，但很快靜下心來(lái)。③Thereshelayyearinyearout,unabletomove,andwithnohopeofrecovery(recover).她長(zhǎng)年躺在那兒不能活動(dòng)，沒有痊愈的希望。addup合計(jì)；把……加起來(lái)；合情理；說(shuō)得通Addupyourscoreandseehowmanypointsyouget.(教材P1)把你的分?jǐn)?shù)加起來(lái)看看能得多少分。(1)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(addsthtosth 把……加到/進(jìn)……里,addupto 加起來(lái)共計(jì)/達(dá)不用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),addto 增加；增添多用于抽象意義,addthat…補(bǔ)充說(shuō)……))(2)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(additionn.加；數(shù)加法；增加,inaddition 另外；此外還有,inadditionto 除……之外))①Theengineoftheshipwasoutoforderandthebadweatheraddedtothehelplessnessofthecrewatsea.船的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)發(fā)生了故障，再加上惡劣的天氣增添了海員們的無(wú)助。②Themoneyhespentwithinamonthadded(add)uptomorethan1,000dollars.他一個(gè)月花的錢加起來(lái)有1000多美元。③Theofficialexpressedgreatconcernoverthefoodsafety,addingthatthegovernmentwouldtakemoremeasurestopreventsuchcasehappeningagain.這名官員表示高度關(guān)注食品安全，并補(bǔ)充說(shuō)政府會(huì)采取更多的措施預(yù)防此類案件再次發(fā)生。④Inaddition/Besides/What'smore,weshouldlearnhowtogetalongwellwithothers.此外，我們應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)如何與他人友好相處。gothrough經(jīng)歷，遭受(多指痛苦的事情)；仔細(xì)檢查；(法案等)通過(guò)；完成；用完；瀏覽；查看Orareyouafraidthatyourfriendwouldlaughatyou,orwouldnotunderstandwhatyouaregoingthrough？(教材P2)或者你害怕你的朋友嘲笑你，或者不理解你正經(jīng)歷的事情？【一詞多義】寫出下列句中g(shù)othrough的含義。①Thepoorgirlhasgonethroughalotsinceherparentsdied.經(jīng)歷，遭受②Iwentthroughthestudents'paperslastnight.瀏覽③Thenewlawdidnotgothrough.(法案)通過(guò)④Youhavetogothroughcertainformalitiesbeforeyoucanemigrate.完成goagainst 違背；違反goahead 向前；進(jìn)行；說(shuō)吧；請(qǐng)吧goby 走過(guò)；(時(shí)間)流逝goout 熄滅；出去；過(guò)時(shí)goover 復(fù)習(xí)；仔細(xì)檢查goup 上升；增長(zhǎng)；攀登onpurpose故意Forexample,oneeveningwhenitwassowarm,Istayedawakeonpurposeuntilhalfpasteleveninordertohaveagoodlookatthemoonbymyself.(教材P2)比如，有天晚上天氣很暖和，我故意熬夜到十一點(diǎn)半，為的是獨(dú)自好好看看月亮。(1)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(onpurpose＝bydesign有意地,bychance/accident偶然地；意外地))(2)with/forthepurposeof目的是；為了……①Itwasnoaccident.Shebrokethedishonpurpose.這并不是意外，她是故意把碟子打破的。②DidyoucometoChinawiththepurposeofvisitingyourfriends?你來(lái)中國(guó)就是為了看你的朋友們嗎？before引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句Sheandherfamilyhidawayfornearlytwenty-fivemonthsbeforetheywerediscovered.(教材P2)她和家人躲藏了將近二十五個(gè)月后才被發(fā)現(xiàn)?！揪涫近c(diǎn)撥】beforetheywerediscovered是復(fù)合句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，直譯是“在他們被發(fā)現(xiàn)前”，可意譯為“……后他們才被發(fā)現(xiàn)”。before作為連詞引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，用以表示從句動(dòng)作發(fā)生之前的時(shí)間，譯法靈活。常見的有：(1)表示“在……之前就……”。①M(fèi)aryhadfinishedherhomeworkbeforehermotherreturned.瑪麗在她母親回來(lái)之前就已經(jīng)完成作業(yè)了。(2)表示“過(guò)了多久后才……，動(dòng)作進(jìn)行到什么程度才……”。②Theyworkeddayandnightaboutthreedaysbeforeeverythingreturnedtonormal.他們不分晝夜地工作了三天才使得一切恢復(fù)正常。(3)表示“來(lái)不及，尚未……就……”，這時(shí)常與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/could連用。③ShewasangrybeforeIcouldexplaintoher.我還沒來(lái)得及向她解釋她就生氣了。(4)It＋be＋not＋long＋before…，意為“……不久就……”。④Itwasnotlongbeforehetoldmeaboutit.不久他就告訴了我這件事情。(5)It＋be＋時(shí)間段＋before…，意為“……之后才……”。⑤Itwillbethreeyearsbeforehefinishesthework.他得花三年才能完成這項(xiàng)工作?！咎崾尽縄tis/hasbeen＋時(shí)間段＋sincesbdidsth，表示“自從……(到現(xiàn)在)有多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了”。⑥Itis/hasbeenthreeyearssincehefinishedthework.自從他完成這項(xiàng)工作已經(jīng)三年了。強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：Itis/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)象＋that/who＋其他成分Iwonderifit'sbecauseIhaven'tbeenabletobeoutdoorsforsolongthatI'vegrownsocrazyabouteverythingtodowithnature.(教材P2)我不知道是不是因?yàn)槲议L(zhǎng)期無(wú)法出門的緣故，我變得對(duì)一切與大自然有關(guān)的事物都無(wú)比狂熱。【句式點(diǎn)撥】這是一個(gè)復(fù)雜的主從復(fù)合句。if引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句作動(dòng)詞wonder的賓語(yǔ)。在賓語(yǔ)從句中，itis…that…是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句。原因狀語(yǔ)從句被強(qiáng)調(diào)，只能用because來(lái)引導(dǎo)，不能用since,as或for。(1)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的結(jié)構(gòu)為：Itis/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who＋其他成分。強(qiáng)調(diào)人可用who/that作連詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)事物用that。所強(qiáng)調(diào)的可以是單詞、短語(yǔ)，也可以是從句，但結(jié)構(gòu)必須完整。被強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分可以是主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)，但不能是定語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)。①Itwashimthat/who/whomwemetyesterday.(強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ))我們昨天遇到的是他。②ItwasintheparkthatTomlosthiswatch.(強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語(yǔ))湯姆就是在這個(gè)公園里丟失的手表。(2)如果強(qiáng)調(diào)的是特殊疑問句中的疑問詞，表示“到底”“究竟”等語(yǔ)氣時(shí)，就用此結(jié)構(gòu)。(3)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的判斷方法：將(Itis/was)…(that/who)…括號(hào)中的詞同時(shí)去掉，看剩下的部分是否仍然完整，若完整，則是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，若不完整，則不是。③Wasitbecausehebehavedbadlythathewaspunishedbyhisteacher?是因?yàn)樗憩F(xiàn)太差而受到老師的懲罰嗎？(4)強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，that或who后面的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須和主語(yǔ)在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。④Iwonderwhenitwasthatyoucalledmeyesterday.我想知道你昨天給我打電話到底是什么時(shí)候。⑤It'sIwhoamtobepunishedfordoingthat.是我應(yīng)該為做那件事受到懲罰。必修1Unit2Englisharoundtheworld重點(diǎn)單詞1．voyagen．航行；航海2．nativeadj.本國(guó)的；本地的n．本地人；本國(guó)人3．vocabularyn．詞匯；詞匯量；詞表4．requestn．&vt.請(qǐng)求；要求5．easternadj.東方的；東部的6．a(chǎn)ccentn．口音；腔調(diào)；重音7．straightadv.直接；挺直adj.直的；筆直的；正直的8．officialadj.官方的；正式的；公務(wù)的n．官員→officiallyadv.官方地9．a(chǎn)ctuallyadv.實(shí)際上；事實(shí)上→actualadj.真實(shí)的；實(shí)際的10．basevt.以……為根據(jù)n．基部；基地；基礎(chǔ)→basicadj.基本的；基礎(chǔ)的→basisn．基礎(chǔ)；基本原則11．gradualadj.逐漸的；逐步的→graduallyadv.逐漸地；逐步地12．spellingn．拼寫；拼法→spellvt.拼寫13．latteradj.較后的；后半的；(兩者中)后者的→latestadj.最新的；最近的→lateradj.后期的adv.后來(lái)→latelyadv.近來(lái)；最近14．identityn．本身；身份→identifyvt.辨認(rèn)15．fluentadj.流利的；流暢的→fluentlyadv.流利地；流暢地→fluencyn．流利；流暢16．frequentadj.頻繁的；常見的→frequentlyadv.常常；頻繁地→frequencyn．頻率17．usagen．使用；用法；詞語(yǔ)慣用法→usevt.使用n．用途→usefuladj.有用的→uselessadj.無(wú)用的18．commandn．&vt.命令；指令；掌握→commandern．司令19．expressionn．詞語(yǔ)；表示；表達(dá)；表情→expressvt.表達(dá)20．recognizevt.辨認(rèn)出；承認(rèn)；公認(rèn)→recognitionn．認(rèn)出；認(rèn)識(shí)→recognizableadj.可辨認(rèn)的21．enrichvt.使富裕；充實(shí)；改善→richadj.富有的重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1．because_of因?yàn)?；由?．come_up走近；上來(lái)；提出3．base…on以……為基礎(chǔ)4．a(chǎn)t_present現(xiàn)在；目前5．make_use_of利用；使用6．such_as例如……；像這種的7．play_a_part_(in)扮演一個(gè)角色；參與8．even_if/though盡管；即使9．a(chǎn)_large_number_of許多的；大量的10．a(chǎn)_block_of一大塊11．mother_tongue母語(yǔ)12．bring_in引來(lái)；引起；吸收重點(diǎn)句型1．疑問詞＋doyouthink＋(主語(yǔ)＋)謂語(yǔ)……WhichcountrydoyouthinkhasthemostEnglishlearners？(教材P9)2．evenif/though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句NativeEnglishspeakerscanunderstandeachothereveniftheydon'tspeakthesamekindofEnglish.(教材P10)3．more…than…與其說(shuō)……倒不如說(shuō)……ItwasbasedmoreonGermanthantheEnglishwespeakatpresent.(教材P10)4．nosuch＋單數(shù)名詞Believeitornot,thereisnosuchthingasstandardEnglish.(教材P13)5．way表示方式、方法，后接定語(yǔ)從句However,onTVandtheradioyouwillheardifferencesinthewaypeoplespeak.(教材P13)語(yǔ)法要點(diǎn)直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)(Ⅱ)：請(qǐng)求與命令“Lookatthisexample，”theteachersaidtous.→Theteachertoldustolookatthatexample.“Wouldyouliketoseemyflat？”sheasked.→Sheaskedmetoseeherflat.actuallyadv.實(shí)際上；事實(shí)上Actuallyalllanguageschangeanddevelopwhenculturesmeetandcommunicatewitheachother.(教材P10)事實(shí)上，當(dāng)不同文化互相交流滲透時(shí)，所有的語(yǔ)言都會(huì)有所變化和發(fā)展。表示“實(shí)際上，事實(shí)上”還有以下短語(yǔ)：infact,asamatteroffact,inreality,ineffect①Helookedcalm,butactually(actual)hewasverynervous.他看起來(lái)很鎮(zhèn)定，但實(shí)際上卻非常緊張。②Everyonelikesthestranger,butinreality(real)heisacriminal.每個(gè)人都喜歡這位陌生人，其實(shí)他是個(gè)罪犯。③Thetwomethodswereineffectidentical.那兩個(gè)辦法實(shí)際上是一樣的。basevt.以……為根據(jù)/基礎(chǔ)n．基礎(chǔ)；基地；基部ItwasbasedmoreonGermanthantheEnglishwespeakatpresent.(教材P10)當(dāng)時(shí)的英語(yǔ)更多是以德語(yǔ)為基礎(chǔ)，而現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)不是。(1)base…on/upon＝bebasedon/upon把……建立在……基礎(chǔ)之上；以……為根據(jù)/基礎(chǔ)(2)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(basisn.基礎(chǔ)；要點(diǎn)；準(zhǔn)則,onthebasisof在……基礎(chǔ)上；根據(jù)))(3)basicadj.基本的；基礎(chǔ)的①Youshouldbaseyourconclusionon/uponcarefulresearch.你應(yīng)該根據(jù)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)难芯康贸鼋Y(jié)論。②Ournextmeetingwillbeonthebasis(base)ofthisagenda.我們的下次會(huì)議將以本議程為中心議題。③Heshowedusthebasic(base)stepsandskillsofmakingdoughfigurines.他教給我們捏面人的基本步驟和技巧。commandn．[C]命令；指令；[U]掌握vt.命令；指揮；支配；掌握CanyoufindthefollowingcommandandrequestfromReading?(教材P12)你能從閱讀部分中找出下列“命令”和“請(qǐng)求”嗎？(1)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(incommandof指揮；掌控,takecommandof控制,atone'scommand由某人指揮；聽某人支配,haveagoodcommandof精通；掌握……))(2)commandeq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(sbtodosth命令某人做某事,that…shoulddosth命令……做某事))①Thearmedpolicearrivedandtookcommandofthesituation.武裝警察到達(dá)后就控制了局勢(shì)。②Applicantswillbeexpectedtohaveagoodcommandofcomputerskills.申請(qǐng)人必須熟練掌握電腦技能。③Thepolicecommandedthewitnessto_describe(describe)whathadhappenedthedaybefore.＝Thepolicecommandedthatthewitness(should)_describe(describe)whathadhappenedthedaybefore.警察要求目擊者描述一下前一天所發(fā)生的事情。requestn．&vt.請(qǐng)求；要求(1)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(makearequestfor請(qǐng)求；要求……,atone'srequest＝attherequestofsb應(yīng)某人的要求,byrequest應(yīng)邀,beinrequest有需要；受歡迎,on/uponrequest一經(jīng)請(qǐng)求))(2)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(requestsbtodosth請(qǐng)求/要求某人做某事,requestthat…shoulddosth請(qǐng)求……做某事,Itisrequestedthat…shoulddosth據(jù)要求……,requeststhfrom/ofsb向某人要求某物))①Becauseofthespreadoftheseriousillness,theyhavemadeanurgentrequestforinternationalaid.由于惡疾的蔓延，他們緊急請(qǐng)求國(guó)際援助。②Attherequestofthepoliceofficer,hegotoutofthecar.在警察的要求下，他下了車。③Thatfamoussingersangagainbyrequest.那位著名的歌手依大家要求再次獻(xiàn)唱。④Don'trespondtoanye-mailsrequesting(request)personalinformation,nomatterhowofficialtheylook.不要回復(fù)向你索要個(gè)人信息的任何郵件，不管它們看起來(lái)多么正式。⑤Allthearticlesarerequestedto_be_related(relate)tothestudents'life.＝Itisrequestedthatallthearticles(should)_be_related(relate)tothestudents'life.要求所有的文章與學(xué)生的生活有關(guān)。⑥MaryrequestedaKindlefromherfather.瑪麗向她父親要了一個(gè)Kindle電子書。recognizevt.辨認(rèn)出；承認(rèn)；公認(rèn)AlthoughmanyAmericansmovealot，theystillrecognizeandunderstandeachother'sdialects.(教材P13)雖然許多美國(guó)人經(jīng)常搬家，但是他們?nèi)匀荒軌虮鎰e并理解彼此的方言。(1)recognizesb/one'svoice認(rèn)出某人/聽出某人的聲音(2)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(berecognizedtobe/as被認(rèn)為/承認(rèn)是……,Itisrecognizedthat…人們公認(rèn)……))(3)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(recognitionn.認(rèn)出；認(rèn)識(shí),outof/beyondrecognition認(rèn)不出來(lái)))①ThemomentIansweredthephone,Irecognizedhisvoice.我一接電話，就聽出了他的聲音。②Itisrecognizedthatenvironmentalpollutionhasbecomeoneofthemostseriousproblems.＝Environmentalpollutionisrecognizedto_have_become(become)oneofthemostseriousproblems.人們一致認(rèn)為環(huán)境污染已經(jīng)成為最嚴(yán)重的問題之一。③Iwentbacktomyhometownafter20yearsandthecityhadchangedbeyondallrecognition(recognize)．20年后我回到家鄉(xiāng)，這座城市已變得認(rèn)不出來(lái)了。④Cellphones,whicharenowuniversallyrecognizedasamust,haveagreateffectonus.手機(jī)，現(xiàn)在廣泛地被認(rèn)為是必需品，對(duì)我們有很大的影響。comeup走近；上來(lái)；發(fā)生；發(fā)芽；(被)提出；(太陽(yáng)、月亮等)升起I'dliketocomeuptoyourapartment.(教材P10)我樂意來(lái)你的公寓?！疽辉~多義】寫出下列句中comeup的含義。①Abeggarcameuptousandaskedformoney.走近②Ishallwritetoyouifanythingcomesup.發(fā)生③Isowedsomeseedslastweek,buttheyhaven'tcomeupyet.發(fā)芽④Whenthemooncameup,theyoungbegantheircelebration.升起⑤Thequestionisboundtocomeupatthemeeting.提出來(lái)【提示】comeup在指“問題、建議或方案等被提出”時(shí)為不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，其主語(yǔ)通常為物，無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；comeupwith則為“提出”，為及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)通常為人，賓語(yǔ)為表示“建議、計(jì)劃或方案等”的名詞。⑥Ihopehecancomeupwithabetterideatosolvetheproblem.我希望他能提出一個(gè)較好的辦法解決這個(gè)問題。makeuseof利用；使用Sobythe1600'sShakespearewasabletomakeuseofawidervocabularythaneverbefore.(教材P10)所以到了17世紀(jì)，莎士比亞能用比以前任何時(shí)期都大的詞匯量。(1)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(makegood/full/littleuseof充分/不充分利用,makethebest/mostof充分利用,takefulladvantageof充分利用))(2)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(put…touse使用,comeintouse開始被使用,beofgreatuse很有用,Itisnouse/uselessdoingsth做某事是沒用的))①Thekeyistomakefulluseofallpossiblemeanstomarketyouridea.關(guān)鍵是要充分利用各種方法來(lái)推廣你的想法。②Youshouldbeoutsidemakingthemostofthesunshine.你應(yīng)該盡量多到戶外曬曬太陽(yáng)。③Iusuallymemorizetwentynewwordsadayandputthemtousewheneverpossible.我通常每天記20個(gè)生詞，然后盡可能地使用它們。④It'snousetrying(try)topersuadehimtohaveaholidaybecauseheisfacingachallenge.勸他休假?zèng)]用，因?yàn)樗媾R挑戰(zhàn)。evenif/though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句NativeEnglishspeakerscanunderstandeachothereveniftheydon'tspeakthesamekindofEnglish.(教材P10)以英語(yǔ)為母語(yǔ)的人，即使他們講的英語(yǔ)不盡相同，也能彼此聽懂?！揪涫近c(diǎn)撥】evenif(＝eventhough)意為“即使，盡管”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。①EvenifHarryfails(fail)thistime,hewilltryagain.即使哈里這次失敗了，他會(huì)再試一次?！就卣寡由臁?1)evenso盡管如此；即使這樣②Therearealotofspellingmistakes;evenso,it'squiteagoodessay.盡管有許多拼寫錯(cuò)誤，它仍不失為一篇佳作。(2)evennow/then甚至到現(xiàn)在/那時(shí)；盡管如此/那樣③I'veshownhimthephotosbutevennowhewon'tbelieveme.我已把照片給他看了，即便這樣他仍然不相信我。more…than…與其說(shuō)……倒不如說(shuō)……ItwasbasedmoreonGermanthantheEnglishwespeakatpresent.(教材P10)當(dāng)時(shí)的英語(yǔ)更多是以德語(yǔ)為基礎(chǔ)，而現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)不是。(1)morethan＋eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(名詞：不僅是；不只是,數(shù)詞：超過(guò)；多于,形容詞：非常，十分，與very同義))(2)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(nomorethan只不過(guò)；僅僅,notmorethan不超過(guò)；至多,ratherthan而不是,otherthan除了；不同于))①Itwasmorethewayhesaiditthanwhathesaidthatmadehersad.造成她不愉快的原因，與其說(shuō)是他所說(shuō)的話，倒不如說(shuō)是他的說(shuō)話方式。②Parentsaremorethanprovidersfortheirkidsandtheyarealsotheirfirstteachers.父母不僅要給孩子提供吃穿，還是孩子的啟蒙老師。③Facinguptoyourproblemsratherthanrunningawayfromthemisthebestapproachtoworkingthingsout.勇于面對(duì)你的問題而不是逃避它們是解決事情的最好方法?！厩蓪W(xué)活用】——高考小作文④聽到班主任說(shuō)的話，我非常高興，心跳加速。When_I_heardwhattheheadteachersaid,Iwasvery_gladandmyheartbeatwildly.(一般表達(dá))＝Hearing_what_the_head_teacher_said,_Iwasmore_than_gladandmyheartbeatwildly.(分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ))nosuch…沒有這樣的……Believeitornot,thereisnosuchthingasstandardEnglish.(教材P13)信不信由你，沒有什么標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語(yǔ)?！揪涫近c(diǎn)撥】句中“nosuch＋單數(shù)名詞”意為“沒有這樣的……”，其中單數(shù)名詞前不可再加冠詞，相當(dāng)于“notsucha(n)＋單數(shù)名詞”?！皀osuch＋單數(shù)名詞＋as…”意為“沒有像……這樣的”。(1)such＋eq\b\lc\{\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(an＋adj.＋單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,adj.＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞,adj.＋不可數(shù)名詞))＋that結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句(2)such…as…像……這樣的……，as在句中引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。①Everythingcomeswithaprice;thereisnosuchthingasafreelunchintheworld.任何事情都是要付出代價(jià)的，在這個(gè)世界上并沒有免費(fèi)的午餐。②Suchabookasyoushowedmeisdifficulttounderstand.像你給我看的這樣的書是很難理解的。③Iwasdelightedatthepresenceofsuchastudent.我非常高興有這樣一名學(xué)生?！咎崾尽勘容^下列句子，注意連接詞的作用。A：Thisissuchadifficultproblemasallofuscan'tworkout.(as引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，as在從句中作賓語(yǔ)，指代先行詞adifficultproblem)B：Thisissuchadifficultproblemthatallofuscan'tworkitout.(that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，that在從句中不作成分)必修1Unit3Traveljournal重點(diǎn)單詞1．faren．費(fèi)用2.routen．路線；路途3．schedulen．時(shí)間表；進(jìn)度表vt.為某事安排時(shí)間4.stubbornadj.頑固的；固執(zhí)的5．detailn．細(xì)節(jié)；詳情6.sourcen．來(lái)源；水源7．journeyn．旅行；旅程8.pacevi.緩慢而行；踱步n．一步；速度；步調(diào)9．forecastn．&vt.預(yù)測(cè)；預(yù)報(bào)10．viewn．風(fēng)景；視野；觀點(diǎn)；見解vt.觀看；注視；考慮11．flamen．火焰；光芒；熱情12.beneathprep.在……下面13．journaln．日記；雜志；定期刊物→journalistn．記者14．transportn．&vt.運(yùn)送；運(yùn)輸→transportationn．運(yùn)輸業(yè)→transportern．運(yùn)送者15．prefervt.更喜歡；選擇某事物(而不選擇其他事物)→preferencen．偏愛；愛好16．disadvantagen．不利條件；不便之處→advantagen．優(yōu)勢(shì)；有利條件17．persuadevt.說(shuō)服；勸說(shuō)→persuasionn．說(shuō)服→persuasiveadj.有說(shuō)服力的18．graduatevi.畢業(yè)n．大學(xué)畢業(yè)生→graduationn．畢業(yè)；畢業(yè)典禮19．finallyadv.最后；終于→finaladj.最后的n．決賽20．shortcomingn．缺點(diǎn)→drawbackfault(同義詞)21．organize/organisevt.組織；成立→organizationn．組織→organizern．組織者→organizedadj.有組織的；有秩序的22．determinevt.決定；確定；下定決心→determinedadj.堅(jiān)決的；有決心的→determinationn．決心23．a(chǎn)ltituden．海拔高度；高處→attituden．態(tài)度；看法24．bendn．彎；拐角vt.使彎曲vi.彎身；彎腰→bent(過(guò)去式)→bent(過(guò)去分詞)25．insurancen．保險(xiǎn)→insurevt.保證26．reliableadj.可信賴的；可靠的→relyvi.依賴；依靠→reliablyadv.可靠地→reliabilityn．可靠性27．cyclevi.騎自行車→cyclistn．騎自行車的人重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1．ever_since自從；自……以后2.be_fond_of喜歡；喜愛3．care_about關(guān)心；憂慮；惦念4．change_one's_mind改變主意5．make_up_one's_mind下決心；決定6．give_in投降；屈服；讓步7．a(chǎn)s_usual照常8．a(chǎn)t_midnight在午夜9．dream_of/about夢(mèng)見；夢(mèng)想10．graduate_from從……畢業(yè)11．a(chǎn)t_an_altitude_of在海拔……的高度12．feel_like想要；感覺像13．put_up_one's_tents搭起帳篷14．sth_be_familiar_to_sb某事為某人所熟悉15．foronething…foranother…(用來(lái)引出某事的理由)一方面……另一方面……重點(diǎn)句型1．eversince與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用Eversincemiddleschool,mysisterWangWeiandIhavedreamedabouttakingagreatbiketrip.(教材P18)2．“nomatter＋疑問詞”引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句Adeterminedpersonalwaystriestofinishthejob,nomatterhowharditis.(教材P20)3．can'twait/canhardlywaittodosth迫不及待地想做某事Wecanhardlywaittoseethem.(教材P22)語(yǔ)法要點(diǎn)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)Wherearewegoing？(教材P18)prefervt.更喜歡；選擇某事物(而不選擇其他事物)Whichkindoftransportdoyouprefertouse:busortrain？(教材P17)你比較喜歡使用哪種交通工具：公共汽車還是火車？(1)prefereq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(todosth更喜歡做某事,sthtosth喜歡某物勝于某物,doingsthtodoingsth寧愿做某事而不愿做某事))(2)eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(prefertodosthratherthandosth,woulddosthratherthandosth,wouldratherdosththandosth))eq\a\vs4\al(寧愿做某事,而不愿做某事)(3)prefer＋that從句(從句常用should＋動(dòng)詞原形，should可省略)更喜歡/希望……(4)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(preferencen.偏愛；優(yōu)先權(quán)；偏愛的事物,haveapreferencefor對(duì)……偏愛))①Nowadaysmanychildrenprefersurfing(surf)theInternetathometotaking(take)exerciseoutdoors.如今，許多孩子寧可待在家里上網(wǎng)，也不愿意到戶外進(jìn)行鍛煉。②Afterall,allkidspreferto_be_praised(praise)ratherthanbe_scolded(scold)．畢竟，所有的孩子都喜歡被表?yè)P(yáng)而不是被批評(píng)。③Preference(prefer)willbegiventograduatesofthisuniversity.優(yōu)先考慮這所大學(xué)的畢業(yè)生。persuadevt.說(shuō)服；勸說(shuō)Twoyearsagosheboughtanexpensivemountainbikeandthenshepersuadedmetobuyone.(教材P18)兩年前，她買了一輛昂貴的山地車，然后她說(shuō)服我也買了一輛。(1)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(persuadesbtodosth＝persuadesbintodoingsth,說(shuō)服某人做某事,persuadesbnottodosth＝persuadesboutofdoingsth,說(shuō)服某人不做某事))(2)trytopersuadesbtodosth＝advisesbtodosth盡力勸說(shuō)某人做某事(但未必勸服)(3)persuadesbthat…/ofsth使某人相信某事(4)persuasiveadj.有說(shuō)服力的(5)persuasionn．說(shuō)服；說(shuō)服力；信念①Having_been_persuaded(persuade)tochangemyattitude,Ifinallygottherightwaytoridmyselfofcarelessnessandgainedconfidenceaswell.被說(shuō)服要改變態(tài)度后，我最后用正確的方法改掉自己粗心的毛病，而且重獲自信。②Iallowedmyselftobepersuadedintoenteringthecompetition.我擱不住人家的勸說(shuō)，就參加了比賽。③Atfirsthewouldn'tletherdrivethecarbutshewassopersuasive(persuade)thateventuallyhegavein.起初他不肯讓她開車，可是她這么能說(shuō)，最終他還是答應(yīng)了?！臼煸~生義】寫出加黑單詞在語(yǔ)境中的含義。④IpersuadedhimthatIwastellingthetruth.使相信schedulen．時(shí)間表；進(jìn)度表vt.為某事安排時(shí)間；預(yù)定Nowsheisplanningourscheduleforthetrip.(教材P18)現(xiàn)在，她正為我們的旅行制定計(jì)劃。(1)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(onschedule如期；準(zhǔn)時(shí),aheadof/behindschedule提前/晚于預(yù)定時(shí)間或計(jì)劃))(2)bescheduledtodosth預(yù)計(jì)做某事①Ourorderhasbeenreceivedonscheduleandwithoutanyobviousdamage.我方訂貨已如期運(yùn)達(dá)(收到)，并無(wú)明顯損壞。②Thenewbridgehasbeenfinishedtwoyearsaheadofschedule.新橋提前兩年落成。③I'mscheduled(schedule)toarriveinL．A.at5o'clock.我預(yù)計(jì)在五點(diǎn)抵達(dá)洛杉磯。determinevt.&vi.決定，確定；下定決心；查明；測(cè)定Shegavemeadeterminedlook—thekindthatsaidshewouldnotchangehermind.(教材P18)她給了我一個(gè)堅(jiān)定的眼神——這種眼神表明她是不會(huì)改變主意的。(1)determineeq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(on/upon＝decideon就……做出決定,todosth決定做某事,sbtodosth使某人決定做某事))(2)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(determinedadj.堅(jiān)決的；有決心的,bedeterminedtodosth決心做某事表示狀態(tài)))(3)determinationn．決心①Ihavedeterminedon/uponworkingasavolunteerteacherinthecountrysideaftergraduation.我已決定畢業(yè)后到農(nóng)村支教。②ThoughTomwasstubborn,theydeterminedto_persuade(persuade)himtotraveltogether.雖然湯姆很固執(zhí)，但他們決定說(shuō)服他一起去旅行。③Shewasdeterminedto_keep(keep)herfamily'slifefilledwithjoy.她下定決心，要保持家庭生活充滿歡樂。viewn．風(fēng)景；視野；觀點(diǎn)；見解vt.觀看；注視；考慮Toclimbthemountainswashardworkbutaswelookedaroundus,weweresurprisedbytheview.(教材P22)上山很艱難，但是當(dāng)我們環(huán)顧四周時(shí)，我們對(duì)周圍的景色感到驚訝。【一詞多義】寫出下列句中view的含義。①Inthislecture,Icanonlygiveyouapurelypersonalviewofhowwecanlivelifetothefull.觀點(diǎn)；見解②Heclimbeduptothetopofthechurchtowertogetabetterviewoftheentirecity.風(fēng)景③Ifwesitnearthefrontofthebus,we'llhaveabetterview.視野④Igotanopportunitytoviewthemoviebeforeitwasreleased.觀看(1)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(comeintoview進(jìn)入視野；看得見,inviewof由于；鑒于；考慮到,inone'sview/opinion在某人看來(lái)；依某人的看法))(2)view…as把……看作……⑤Inviewoftheshortageoftime,eachpersonmayonlyspeakforfiveminutes.由于時(shí)間有限，每個(gè)人只能發(fā)言5分鐘。careabout憂慮；在乎；關(guān)心；惦念Mysisterdoesn'tcareaboutdetails.(教材P18)我姐姐是不會(huì)考慮細(xì)節(jié)的。carefor喜歡；照料takecare當(dāng)心takecareof照料；處理withcare小心；慎重①Thefirstattemptmayfail,butwedon'tcareaboutthat.第一次嘗試可能會(huì)失敗，但是我們并不為此擔(dān)憂。②Iwascertainthatmyagentdidn'tcareaboutmyworkandme.我確信我的經(jīng)紀(jì)人不關(guān)心我的工作，也不關(guān)心我。③Mydearfather,youbroughtmeintothisworld,caredformeandlovedme.親愛的父親，您把我?guī)У搅诉@個(gè)世界上，關(guān)心我、疼愛我。④Youarenot(physically)strong,soyoumayaswelltakecareofyourhealth.你的體格不壯，因此最好注意健康。changeone'smind改變主意(1)eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(keep/bear…inmind,keep/bearinmindthat…))將……記在心里(2)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(bring/call…tomind想起，記起,cross/cometoone'smind突然記起；浮現(xiàn)出,keepone'smindon/uponsth專注于/聚精會(huì)神于某事,makeupone'smind下定決心,beofthesamemindin對(duì)……看法相同))①Whenwasitthathechangedhismindtolendyousomemoney?到底是什么時(shí)候他改變主意，借給你一些錢的？②WhatimagescometoyourmindwhenyouthinkofatriptoVenice?想起威尼斯一游，你的腦海中會(huì)浮現(xiàn)出什么畫面？③Aftergraduationfromcollege,theymadeuptheirmindstogoandsettleinthecountryside.大學(xué)畢業(yè)后，他們下定決心到農(nóng)村安家落戶。④Twopeopleareofthesamemind;theirsharpnesscancutthroughmetal.二人同心，其利斷金?！咎崾尽縞hangeone'smind與makeupone'smind兩個(gè)短語(yǔ)中，mind均為可數(shù)名詞，它的數(shù)隨one's的變化而變化。givein屈服；投降；讓步；上交Finally,Ihadtogivein.(教材P18)最后；我只好讓步了。giveaway分發(fā)；贈(zèng)送；泄露；背棄，出賣；失去(機(jī)會(huì)等)giveback歸還；恢復(fù)giveoff發(fā)出；散發(fā)(光、熱、煙、氣味等)giveout分配；發(fā)出；宣布；(食物、燃料等)用光；精疲力竭giveup放棄；認(rèn)輸；停止；讓出；交出givewayto給……讓路；對(duì)……讓步①Thechildrenwererequiredto_give(give)intheirexaminationpapersimmediately.孩子們被要求馬上上交試卷。②Janetriedtokeepupacalmappearance,buthertremblingvoicegaveheraway.簡(jiǎn)盡力保持平靜的表情，但顫抖的聲音出賣了她。eversince與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用Eversincemiddleschool,mysisterWangWeiandIhavedreamedabouttakingagreatbiketrip.(教材P18)從高中起，我姐姐王薇和我就一直夢(mèng)想作一次偉大的自行車旅行。【句式點(diǎn)撥】eversince意為“從那以后(就一直)”，主句常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。eversince可以單獨(dú)使用作狀語(yǔ)，也可以連接表示時(shí)間的名詞或時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。itis/hasbeen＋一段時(shí)間＋since＋從句(從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí))自從……有……(一段時(shí)間)了①HemovedtoCaliforniathreeyearsagoandhas_been(be)thereeversince.三年前他搬到了加利福尼亞，自那以后就一直在那兒。②Iwanttoseehowmuchhehas_changed(change)eversinceIsawhimlasttime.我想看看自從上次看見他后，他的變化有多大。③Itis/hasbeenthreeyearssinceIlastsawyou.自從上次見到你已經(jīng)有三年了?！咎崾尽縰ptonow,uptillnow,bynow,sofar等用作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，句子也常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。“nomatter＋疑問詞”引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句Adeterminedpersonalwaystriestofinishthejob,nomatterhowharditis.(教材P20)不管困難有多大，一個(gè)有決心的人總是盡力完成工作?！揪涫近c(diǎn)撥】nomatterhow用來(lái)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“無(wú)論多么”，它可以替換成however。nomatter…是連詞詞組，作“不管；無(wú)論”解，同what,who,when,how等詞連用，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。nomatterwhat,nomatterwho,nomatterwhen,nomatterhow等分別表示“無(wú)論什么”“無(wú)論何人”“無(wú)論何時(shí)”“無(wú)論怎樣/多么”等意思，若引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，可與“疑問詞＋ever”替換。①Nomatterhow(＝However)lateitis,hismotherisalwayswaitingforhim.不管有多晚，他母親總是等著他。②Nomatterwhat(＝Whatever)hashappened,pleasedon'tgetdiscouraged.不管發(fā)生什么事，請(qǐng)不要泄氣。③Nomatterwho(＝Whoever)knocks,don'topenthedoor.不管誰(shuí)敲門，都不要開。必修1Unit4Earthquakes重點(diǎn)單詞1．crackn．裂縫；噼啪聲vt.&vi.(使)開裂；破裂2．eventn．事件；大事3．ruinn．廢墟；毀滅vt.毀滅；使破產(chǎn)4．trackn．軌道；足跡；痕跡5．uselessadj.無(wú)用的；無(wú)效的；無(wú)益的6．trapvt.使陷入困境n．陷阱；困境7．buryvt.埋葬；掩埋；隱藏8．sheltern．掩蔽；掩蔽處vt.掩蔽，遮蔽；庇護(hù)9．damagen．&vt.