大腦半球課件

Thediencephalon

間腦Thediencephalon

間腦I.PositionLiesbetweenmidbrianandcerebrum大腦almostentirelysurroundedbycerebralhemisphere

大腦半球I.PositionLiesbetweenmidbriII.

Subdivision

1.Dorsalthalamus

背側(cè)丘腦

2.Epithalamus

上丘腦

3.Hypothalamus

下丘腦

4.

Metathalamus

后丘腦

5.Subthalamus

底丘腦:DoralthalamusEpithalamusHypothalamushypothalamicsulcusII.Subdivision

1.DorsalthMetathalamus

后丘腦Medialgeniculatebody內(nèi)側(cè)膝狀體lateralgeniculatebody外側(cè)膝狀體MetathalamusMedialgeniculattransitionzonebetweenthethalamusandtegmentumofmidbrain,containsubthalamicnucleus

底丘腦核,

Subthalamus底丘腦:transitionzonebetweenthEpithalamus上丘腦:includes

thalamicmedullarystria

丘腦髓紋,habenulartrigone

韁三角

,habenularCommissure

韁連合,pinealbody

松果體

posteriorcommissure

后連合Epithalamus上丘腦:includestDorsalthalamus

Alargeegg-shapednucleusmass.anteriorthalamictubercle丘腦前結(jié)節(jié),pulvinar丘腦枕divisionanteriornucleimedialnucleilateralnucleibyinternalmedullarylamina內(nèi)髓板Dorsalthalamus

AlargeeggMed.nucleargroup

Ant.nucleargroup

丘腦前核Dorsalnuclei

internalmedullarylamina

內(nèi)髓板Ventralanteriornucleus腹前核

Ventrallateralnucleus腹外側(cè)核

Pulvinar枕

Ventralposteromedialnucleus

腹后內(nèi)側(cè)核

Ventralposterolateralnucleus腹后外側(cè)核Ventralposteriornucleus腹后核

Med.nucleargroupAnt.nucleaFunctionalsubdivisionAccordingtothefunction,thethalamusmaybedividedintothethreegroups

Nonspecificrelaynuclei非特異性中繼核

Associationnuclei

聯(lián)絡(luò)性核群

Specialrelaynuclei特異性中繼核

FunctionalsubdivisionAccordin

Nonspecificrelaynuclei非特異性中繼核

a)Midlinenucleusgroup中線核群

b)Intralaminarnucleargroup板內(nèi)核群

c)Thalamicreticularnucleus丘腦網(wǎng)狀核

Receiveafferentfibersfromrhinencephalon

嗅腦andreticularformationofbrainstem,projectmainlytocerebralcortex大腦皮質(zhì).MidlinenucleusgroupThalamicreticularnucleusIntralaminarnucleiReceiveafferentfibersfromrFunctionalsubdivisionAssociationnuclei

聯(lián)絡(luò)性核群

a)Anteriornucleargroup丘腦前核

b)Medialnucleargroup內(nèi)側(cè)核群

c)Dorsalnucleioflateralnucleargroup外側(cè)核的背側(cè)組Med.nucleargroup

Ant.nucleargroup

丘腦前核Dorsalnuclei

FunctionalsubdivisionAssociatSpecialrelaynuclei

特異性中繼核Ventralanteriornucleus腹前核Ventrallateralnucleus腹外側(cè)核

Ventralanteriornucleus腹前核

Ventrallateralnucleus腹外側(cè)核

motorcortex

運(yùn)動(dòng)區(qū)receivingthefibersfrom：dentatenucleus（齒狀核）globuspallidus（蒼白球）

substantianigra（黑質(zhì)）Specialrelaynuclei特異性中繼核VenVentralPosteriornucleus腹后核

maybedividedintoVentralPosteromedialnucleus腹后內(nèi)側(cè)核:Ventralposterolateralnucleus腹后外側(cè)核

trigeminallemniscusandtestefibersmediallemniscusspinallemniscusCerebralcortexsendoutfiberstothesomatosensoryarea

軀體感覺中樞.VentralPosteriornucleus腹后核

Metathalamus后丘腦Lateral

geniculatebody(LGN)外側(cè)膝狀體

InferiorcolliculusOptictractauditoryareavisualarea

Medialgeniculatebody(MGN)內(nèi)側(cè)膝狀體Receivefibersfromoptictract視束.Projectstovisualareaviaopticradiation

視輻射.opticradiationMetathalamus后丘腦LateralgeniHypothalamus

下丘腦Boundaries1.Superiorly:

hypothalamicsulcus2.Inferiorly:opticchiasma,tubercinereum灰結(jié)節(jié),infundibulum漏斗

mamillarybody乳頭體3.Anterior:

laminaterminalis終板4.Posterior:continueswithmidbraintegmentumPosition:liesventraltothalamusHypothalamus下丘腦BoundariesPoHypothalamus

下丘腦Preopticregion

視前區(qū)Supraopticregion

視上區(qū)

a)Supraopticnucleus視上核:produceantidiuretichormone抗利尿激素

(ADH,orvasopression加壓素)b)Paraventricularnucleus室旁核:produceoxytocin催產(chǎn)素。Tuberalregion

結(jié)節(jié)區(qū)

Infundibularnucleus漏斗核

Mamillaryregion

乳頭體區(qū)

Mamillarynucleus乳頭體核SubdivisionsandimportantnucleiHypothalamus下丘腦PrParaventricularnucleus

Paraventriculohypophysealtract

室旁垂體束Supraopticohypophysealtract視上垂體束posteriorlobeofhypophysisConnectswithhypophysis

垂體Supraopticnucleus(vasopressin加壓素)(oxytocin催產(chǎn)素)ParaventricularnucleusParTuberoinfundibulartract結(jié)節(jié)漏斗束MedianeminencePortalv.Hypophysealv.anteriorlobe

FunctionRegulatesthefunctionofneuroendocrinesystemandautonomicnervousSystem.（其分泌物調(diào)節(jié)垂體前葉的分泌）Connectswithhypophysis垂體Infundibularnucleus漏斗核Tuberoinfundibulartract結(jié)節(jié)漏斗Thirdventricle第三腦室

CommunicationBytheInterventricularforamen→lateralventricle側(cè)腦室bymesencephalicaqueduct→fourthventriclePosition:anarrowcleftlieswithindiencephalon.

Interventricularforamen室間孔mesencephalicaqueduct

中腦水管Thirdventricle第三腦室CommunLateral

geniculatebodyMedialgeniculatebodyMetathalamusLateralgeniculatebodyMedial大腦半球ppt課件Supraopticnucleus

視上核MamillarynucleusarcuatenucleusParaventriculohypophysealtract室旁垂體束

Supraopticohypophysealtrac視上垂體束infundibulumposteriorlobeofhypophysistuberoinfundibulartract

結(jié)節(jié)漏斗束Paraventricularnucleus

室旁核anteriorlobeofhypophsisSupraopticnucleusMamillaryn大腦半球ppt課件habenularCommissure

韁連合

habenulartrigone

韁三角

Pinealbody松果體habenularhabenulartrigonePiHypothalamus--connectionConnectswithlimbicsystem邊緣系統(tǒng)ConnectswithbrainstemandspinalcordConnectswithdorsalthalamusConnectswithhypophysis垂體a)Supraopticnucleus(vasopressin加壓素)→supraopticohypophysealtrac→posteriorlobeofhypophysisb)Paraventicularnucleus(oxytocin催產(chǎn)素)→paraventriculohypophysealtract→posteriorlobeofhypophysisc)Parvicellularneuronsinthearcuatenucleusandnearbyregionofthewallsofthethirdventriclesecretereleasingandinhibitinghormones→tuberoinfundibulartract→portalveinofhypophsis→anteriorlobeofhypophsisHypothalamus--connectionConneSubdivisionPrincipalNucleiCommonabbreviationAnt.nucleargroupMed.nucleargroupLat.nucleargroupDorsalgroupLateraldorsalLDLateralposteriorLPPulvinarVentralgroupVentralanteriorVAVentralintermediateVIVentralposteriorVPVentralposterolateralVPLVentralposteromedialVPMSubdivisionPrincipalNucleiCo