江西省景德鎮(zhèn)市2022-2023學年高一下學期6月期末英語試題

景德鎮(zhèn)市20222023學年度下學期期末質(zhì)量檢測卷高一英語注意事項：1.答題前，考生在答題卡上務(wù)必將自己的姓名、班級填寫清楚。2.每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑，如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號，在試題卷上作答無效。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whattimeisitnow?A.9:30.B.10:00.C.10:30.2.Whatisthewomangoingtodo?A.Goforawalk.B.Haveaninterview.C.Buysomemilk3.WhyisEmmatired?A.Shehasjustfinishedareport.B.Sheclimbedamountain.C.Shedidalotofhousework.4.Wherearethespeakersgoing?A.Toafactory.B.Toarestaurant.C.Toasupermarket.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Atrip.B.Anumbrella.C.Theweather.第二節(jié)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whichofthefollowingdoesthemandislike?A.Eggs.B.Lemons.C.Milk.7.Whatwillthemandonext?A.pletehiswork.B.Helppreparelunch.C.Getthewomansomewater.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whendidthespeakerslastseetheirparents?A.Ayearago.B.HalfayearagoC.Threemonthsago.9.Whowillbuyacake?A.Elaine.B.George.C.Selina.10.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inacar.B.Athome.C.Inabakery.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatdoesthewomanremendfirst?A.Agraysilktie.B.Abrownleatherwallet.C.Ablackleatherwallet.12.Whydoestheboyrefusetobuythebrownwallet?A.Hisfathermightdislikeitsdesign.B.Heisn’tfondofitscolor.C.It’stooexpensiveforhim.13.Howmuchwilltheboypay?A.$35.B.$40.C.$55.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.WhendidthemanwatchthemovieMr.Brownmentioned?A.OnFriday.B.OnSaturday.C.OnSunday.15.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthemovieshesawlastweek?A.Itisfascinating.B.Itisboring.C.Itisjustsoso.16.Whattypeofmoviesistheman’sfavorite?ASciencefictionmovies.B.Actionmovies.C.Horrormovies17.WherewillthespeakersmeetfirstnextSunday?A.Atthecafe.B.Atthecinema.C.Attheman’shouse.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.OnwhichflooristheoutdoorpoolatHotelPosadaFreeman?A.The12thfloor.B.The11thfloor.C.The1stfloor.19.WhatdoweknowaboutCasaRoxanaBungalows?A.It’ssimplyfurnishedbutquiteclean.B.Eachroomcostsonlyabout$15anight.C.It’sacrossthestreetfromOlasAltasBeach.20.WhatisspecialaboutHotelPosadaLaMision?A.ItislocatedinthewestofPlayaMadera.B.Ithasabigbaronthetopfloor.C.Ithasancientredwoodwindows.第二部分閱讀理解第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題分，滿分分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AWhereveryougothroughouttheglobe,everybodyiskeenoncelebrating.Andwhenitestocelebration,festivals,inmostcases,offersomethingforeveryone.MardiGras(NewOrleans,Louisiana)AlsoknownasFatTuesday,MardiGrasinNewOrleansisaculturalevent.ThoughthecelebrationisheldeveryyearonthedaybeforeAshWednesday,thefestivitieslastformonths,banninginNovemberthroughoutJanuaryandearlyFebruary.Andifyoulovemusic,checkouttheannualGalacticconcertattheworldfamousTipitina’sonLundiGras(thedaybeforeMardiGras).LaTomatina(Valencia,Spain)Launchedwaybackin1945,LaTomatinaisoneoftheoldestfestivalsonourlist.It’salsoeasilythehappiestbutthemessiest,ingoffliketheworld’sbiggestfoodfight.Legendhasitthatthewholethingstartedwhensomelocalboysjoinedaparadealongsidemusicians.Theboysmadetheperformerssoangrythattheytriedhittheboys,andavendor’s(小攤販)vegetablestandfellvictimtotheincident.Ifyougo,pleasefollowsomesimplerules:Don’tthrowhardobjects,squashthetomatobeforethrowingit,stayasafedistanceawayfromtomatotrucks,andstopintime.MontreuxJazzFestival(Switzerland)Foundedbackin1967,Montreuxisoneoftheoldestmusicfestivalsintheworld.It’salsothesecondlargestjazzfestival,aftertheMontrealInternationalJazzFestival.ThatCanadianconcertmayattractmorevisitorsaround2millionannually.ButMontreuxbenefitsfromitsprettylocationontheattractiveshoresofLakeGeneva.TheareaisparticularlybeautifulinlateJune/earlyJuly,whenthefestivalisheld.1.Inwhicheventcanyouhaveanuntidyexperience?A.MardiGras. B.LundiGras.C.MontreuxJazzFestival. D.LaTomatina.2.Wherecanyouwitnessthelargestmusicfestivals?A.MontreuxJazzFestivals. B.Valencia,Spain.C.MontrealInternationalJazzFestival. D.NewOrleans,Louisiana.3.Wherecanyoureadthepassageprobably?A.Newsreport. B.Tourismjournal.C.Concertbrochure. D.Academicmagazine.【答案】1.D2.C3.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了世界上幾個地方的節(jié)日慶祝方式?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)LaTomatina(Valencia,Spain)中的第一段“It’salsoeasilythehappiestbutthemessiest,ingoffliketheworld’sbiggestfoodfight.(它也很容易成為世界上最快樂但最混亂的國家，就像世界上最大的食物大戰(zhàn)一樣。)”可知，番茄狂歡節(jié)你會有不整潔的體驗。故選D?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MontreuxJazzFestival(Switzerland)中“Foundedbackin1967,Montreuxisoneoftheoldestmusicfestivalsintheworld.It’salsothesecondlargestjazzfestival,aftertheMontrealInternationalJazzFestival.(蒙特勒音樂節(jié)成立于1967年，是世界上最古老的音樂節(jié)之一。這也是僅次于蒙特利爾國際爵士音樂節(jié)的第二大爵士音樂節(jié)。)”可知，蒙特利爾國際爵士音樂節(jié)是最大的音樂節(jié)。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Whereveryougothroughouttheglobe,everybodyiskeenoncelebrating.Andwhenitestocelebration,festivals,inmostcases,offersomethingforeveryone.(無論你走到世界各地，每個人都熱衷于慶祝。說到慶祝，節(jié)日，在大多數(shù)情況下，為每個人提供一些東西。)”及全文可知，文章是介紹了世界幾個地方的節(jié)日慶祝，所以它可能來自一本旅游雜志。故選B。BThisgrandmothermayhaveanewlifeafterabillionairenoticedherdeterminationtohelppeopleinanareastruckbyahurricane.Thewoman,PlaxedesDilon,isusedtowalkinglongdistancesaroundherhomeforwork.The70yearoldwomanmakesalivingbysellingclothes.Shewakesupatfoureverymorningandtravelsacrosstheregiontodoherbusiness.ShehadjustreturnedtoherhomeinHarare,Zimbabweearlierthisweekwhensheheardaboutahurricaneontheradio.Thestorm,whichiscurrentlyregardedasoneoftheworsthurricanestohittheSouthernhemisphere(南半球),blewthroughpartsofMozambique,ZimbabweandMalawi.Uponlearningabouttheresultofthestorm,Dilonimmediatelyfilledabagwithkitchensuppliesandclothesthatshehadintendedtosell.Shewantedtotakethemalltoadisasterreliefarea.Becauseshedidnothaveanymoneyforabusticket,shewalkedfor10milesandgavethesuppliestoalocalchurch.Thechurchpraisedhergooddeedbypostingaphotoofherandherhugesupplybagonsocialmedia.Afteritwassharedbythousandsofpeople,itfinallycaughttheeyeofStriveMasiyiwa.MasiyiwaiscurrentlyplacedasoneoftherichestpeopleinAfricabyForbes.Heandhispanyhavebeenputtingagreatdealofeffortintoprovidingaidtothoseareasinneed.UponreadingDilon’sstoryonsocialmedia,themanpromisedtorewardherforherefforts.Whenaskedabouthergooddeed,Dilonsimplysaidthatitwasherdutyasahumanbeingtohelpotherpeople.“Beingabletofeeleachother’spainandtocarryeachother’sburdeniswhatmakeshumansgreaterandbetterthanotherspecies,”thegrannysaidwithasmile.“Whatyougiveoutintheworldiswhatyoureceiveback.”4.WecaninferfromthetextthatDilon______.A.livesahardlifebydoingoddjobsB.ismuchtoooldtoliveonherownC.isoneofthoseawaitinghelpinadisasterD.wassavedbyabillionaireinthehurricane5.Accordingtothetext,whathappenedtoDilon?A.Shelostallthemoneyshehadsavedduetothehurricane.B.Shewasforcedtoleaveherhomeafterthehurricane.C.Shemetabillionaireonherwaytothelocalchurch.D.Partsofhercountrywerestrackbyaserioushurricane.6.HowdidDilongiveahandafterthehurricane?A.Bycallingonpeopletodonateclothes.B.Bypostingthenewsonsocialmedia.C.Bywalkingformilestodonatehersupplies.D.ByaskingStriveMasiyiwaforhelp.7.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Theseriousresultsofahurricanein.B.Thestoryofagrandmotherandabillionaire.C.Thebadexperienceagrandmotherhadinahurricane.D.Akindheartedgrandmotherrewardedforhergooddeed.【答案】4.A5.D6.C7.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要講述了津巴布韋一位老奶奶走了10英里，把一些生活用品和衣物送往颶風受災(zāi)地區(qū)。受到這位老人善行的激勵，一位億萬富翁為災(zāi)區(qū)人們伸出援助之手?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Thewoman,PlaxedesDilon,isusedtowalkinglongdistancesaroundherhomeforwork.The70yearoldwomanmakesalivingbysellingclothes.Shewakesupatfoureverymorningandtravelsacrosstheregiontodoherbusiness.(這位名叫PlaxedesDilon的女士習慣于在家里走很遠的路去上班。這位70歲的老婦人靠賣衣服為生。她每天早上4點起床，穿越整個地區(qū)去做生意)”可推知，Dilon靠賣衣服過著艱苦的生活。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“ShehadjustreturnedtoherhomeinHarare,Zimbabweearlierthisweekwhensheheardaboutahurricaneontheradio.(本周早些時候，她剛回到津巴布韋哈拉雷的家中，就從廣播中聽到颶風的消息。)”可知，Dilon的家在津巴布韋。而根據(jù)第三段“Thestorm,whichiscurrentlyregardedasoneoftheworsthurricanestohittheSouthernhemisphere(南半球),blewthroughpartsofMozambique,ZimbabweandMalawi.(這場風暴目前被認為是襲擊南半球最嚴重的颶風之一，它席卷了莫桑比克、津巴布韋和馬拉維的部分地區(qū))”可知，該風暴席卷了莫桑比克、津巴布韋和馬拉維的部分地區(qū)。由此推斷，Dilon的家鄉(xiāng)的部分地區(qū)也遭遇了颶風。故選D?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Uponlearningabouttheresultofthestorm,Dilonimmediatelyfilledabagwithkitchensuppliesandclothesthatshehadintendedtosell.Shewantedtotakethemalltoadisasterreliefarea.Becauseshedidnothaveanymoneyforabusticket,shewalkedfor10milesandgavethesuppliestoalocalchurch.(在得知風暴的結(jié)果后，Dilon立即裝滿了一個袋子，里面裝滿了她打算賣掉的廚房用品和衣服。她想把他們都帶到災(zāi)區(qū)。因為沒有錢買車票，她走了10英里，把這些東西捐給了當?shù)氐慕烫?”可知，Dilon得知風暴的結(jié)果后，收拾了廚房用品和衣服，步行到了受災(zāi)地區(qū)把這些東西捐給當?shù)亟烫?。故選C?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Thisgrandmothermayhaveanewlifeafterabillionairenoticedherdeterminationtohelppeopleinanareastruckbyahurricane.(一位億萬富翁注意到這位老奶奶決心幫助遭受颶風襲擊地區(qū)的人們后，她可能有了新的生活)”以及文章第四段“Thechurchpraisedhergooddeedbypostingaphotoofherandherhugesupplybagonsocialmedia.Afteritwassharedbythousandsofpeople,itfinallycaughttheeyeofStriveMasiyiwa.MasiyiwaiscurrentlyplacedasoneoftherichestpeopleinAfricabyForbes.Heandhispanyhavebeenputtingagreatdealofeffortintoprovidingaidtothoseareasinneed.UponreadingDilon’sstoryonsocialmedia,themanpromisedtorewardherforherefforts.(教堂在社交媒體上發(fā)布了一張她和她的巨大補給袋的照片，稱贊了她的善行。在被成千上萬的人分享后，它終于引起了StriveMasiyiwa的注意。Masiyiwa目前被福布斯評為非洲最富有的人之一。他和他的公司一直在努力向有需要的地區(qū)提供援助。在社交媒體上看到Dilon的故事后，這名男子承諾會獎勵她的努力)”可知，文章主要講述的是一位老人將會因為自己的善行而得到獎勵，擁有不一樣的生活。故選D。CThroughoutfolktale,talesofshapeshiftingcreatures,fromwolvestovampires,haveoftenspreadhorroracrossavarietyofcultures.Butthesephysicaltransformationsarenotlimitedtothepagesoffiction.Areviewarticlesuggeststhatclimatechangecouldbephysicallyalteringavarietyofspeciesacrosstheplanet,asindividualschangetheirshapetosuittherisingtemperaturesacrosstheworld.Featuressuchastails,legsandearsarechangingtoprovidedifferentlevelsofheatexchangewiththeenvironment.Warmbloodedanimalstendtohavelongerears,tails,andlimbsiftheyliveinwarmerconditions,paredwithsimilaranimalsincolderplaces.Thelongbodypartsprovideabiggerskinsurfacethattheycanusetogetridofextraheat.Whilethechangesoccuracrossarangeofspecies,they’renotuniversalacrosseveryanimalconsidered.Theseadaptationsmaybebeneficialintheshorttomediumterm,butastheclimatecontinuestochange,animalscannotcontinuallyadapt.Atsomepoint,thetradeoffwon’tbebeneficialanymore,whichcouldleadtopopulationdeclinesandevenextinction.So,whilealargerbeakmaybeusefulforspecieswantingtolosemoreheat,ifitmakesthebeakmoreimpracticalforfeedingthenitmayendupbeingmoreofadisadvantageforthebirds.Therearealsoavarietyofotherwaysofcontrollingbodytemperaturethatdon’trequirechangesinbodyshape,suchasbehavioralchangeslikemakinguseofshadeandmigratingatwarmertimesofyear.Ofcourse,tosomeextentwealreadyknowwhat’sneededtolimittheemptinessofthefuturenaturalworld.Thisincludesreducinggreenhousegases;protectingbiodiversity;restoringconnectivitybetweenhabitats;andreducinginterrelatedthreatslikepollutionandlandharvesting.Evenspeciesthatareclosetoextinctioncanbebroughtbackfromtheedgewithenoughconservationeffort.8.What’sthefunctionofParagraph1?A.Toshowtheprevalenceofshapeshiftingcreatures.B.Tointroducethetopicofanimals’physicalchanges.C.Tostressthefearcausedbyshapeshiftingcreatures.D.Tolistexamplesofshapeshiftingcreaturesinfolktales.9.AccordingtoParagraph2,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTURE?A.Animalsextendsomeoftheirbodypartstoachievebettercoolingeffect.B.Climatechangeishavingahugeimpactonalmosteveryspeciesontheearth.C.Animalstransformtheirphysicalfeaturestoadapttothedropoftemperatures.D.Warmbloodedanimalsincolderplacesaremorelikelytohavelongerbodyparts.10.Whydoestheauthormentiontheexampleof“alargerbeak”inParagraph3?A.Towarnthatsomechangesinanimals’bodypartsdonogoodatall.B.Toindicatethattherisingtemperatureshavecausedbirdsmoreharm.C.Tointroducebehavioralchangesasabetterwaytodealwithclimatechange.D.Todemonstratethelimitedorevennegativeeffectofphysicaltransformations.11.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardthefutureofthenaturalworld?A.Doubtful. B.Hopeful. C.Indifferent. D.Ambiguous.【答案】8.B9.A10.D11.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了世界氣候的變化導致動物的外形也相應(yīng)發(fā)生了改變，文章介紹了這種改變的一些局限性以及作者對自然界未來的看法?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Throughoutfolktale,talesofshapeshiftingcreatures,fromwolvestovampires,haveoftenspreadhorroracrossavarietyofcultures.Butthesephysicaltransformationsarenotlimitedtothepagesoffiction.(在民間故事中，從狼到吸血鬼的變形生物的故事經(jīng)常在不同的文化中傳播恐怖。但這些物理上的轉(zhuǎn)變并不局限于小說)”可推知，第一段的作用是引入動物身體變化的話題。故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Warmbloodedanimalstendtohavelongerears,tails,andlimbsiftheyliveinwarmerconditions,paredwithsimilaranimalsincolderplaces.Thelongbodypartsprovideabiggerskinsurfacethattheycanusetogetridofextraheat.(溫血動物如果生活在溫暖的環(huán)境中，它們的耳朵、尾巴和四肢就會比生活在寒冷地區(qū)的同類動物長。長身體部位提供了一個更大的皮膚表面，它們可以用來排除多余的熱量)”可知，A選項“動物延長身體的一些部位來達到更好的降溫效果”正確。故選A?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Whilethechangesoccuracrossarangeofspecies,they’renotuniversalacrosseveryanimalconsidered.Theseadaptationsmaybebeneficialintheshorttomediumterm,butastheclimatecontinuestochange,animalscannotcontinuallyadapt.Atsomepoint,thetradeoffwon’tbebeneficialanymore,whichcouldleadtopopulationdeclinesandevenextinction.So,whilealargerbeakmaybeusefulforspecieswantingtolosemoreheat,ifitmakesthebeakmoreimpracticalforfeedingthenitmayendupbeingmoreofadisadvantageforthebirds.Therearealsoavarietyofotherwaysofcontrollingbodytemperaturethatdon’trequirechangesinbodyshape,suchasbehavioralchangeslikemakinguseofshadeandmigratingatwarmertimesofyear.(雖然這種變化發(fā)生在一系列物種中，但并不是在所有被考慮的動物中都普遍存在。這些適應(yīng)在短期到中期可能是有益的，但隨著氣候的持續(xù)變化，動物無法持續(xù)適應(yīng)。在某種程度上，這種取舍將不再有利，這可能導致種群數(shù)量下降，甚至滅絕。因此，雖然大喙對于想要失去更多熱量的物種來說是有用的，但如果它使喙不適合進食，那么它可能會對鳥類更不利。還有很多其他不需要改變體型就能控制體溫的方法，比如行為上的改變，比如利用陰涼處和在溫暖的季節(jié)遷徙)”可推知，作者在第三段提到了“一個更大的喙”的例子是為了證明身體變化是有限的甚至有負面的影響。故選D?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Ofcourse,tosomeextentwealreadyknowwhat’sneededtolimittheemptinessofthefuturenaturalworld.Thisincludesreducinggreenhousegases;protectingbiodiversity;restoringconnectivitybetweenhabitats;andreducinginterrelatedthreatslikepollutionandlandharvesting.Evenspeciesthatareclosetoextinctioncanbebroughtbackfromtheedgewithenoughconservationeffort.(當然，在某種程度上，我們已經(jīng)知道需要什么來限制未來自然世界的空虛。這包括減少溫室氣體；保護生物多樣性；恢復棲息地之間的連通性；減少相關(guān)的威脅，如污染和土地收割。即使是瀕臨滅絕的物種也可以通過足夠的保護努力從邊緣地帶拯救回來)”可推知，作者對自然界的未來充滿希望。故選B。DAkindoffarfetchedclayspeakersmightsoundnoveltoyou,yetnowadaysmusicspeakersmadefromclayhaveappearedonthemarket.ThemakersofsuchspeakersarefromaGermanstartupcalledMapu.Theysaytheproductisaround80percentbiodegradable(可生物降解的).That’snotnecessarilywhatmostpeoplelookforinasetofspeakers,butit’samendablefeatureatthistimewhenelectronicwasteispilinguparoundtheworld.Thespeakersarenowoftennoticedduetotheirecofriendlyside,butthosebehindthemdidnotsetouttoachievethatatfirst.Themaininspirationwastokeeptraditionalcraftsaliveinregionswheretheyweredisappearing,especiallyinruralChile,wherePabloOcqueteau,acofounderofMapu,wasborn.He,togetherwithhispartnerPhilinevonAgnes,hadbeenwonderinghowtohelpbringtraditionalChileancraftsintothemodernworld.Finally.theydecidedtomakeaspeakeroutofatraditionalChileanwaterjugfoundinmostChileanhouseholds.CraftsmeninNacimientooncerenownedforpottery(陶藝)butstrugglingtokeeptheartalivewereonlytoohappytohelpthepair.Afterthefirstdesignofthespeakerwasmade,OcqueteauandAgnestalkedwithaprofessionalengineerinGermany,wholaterprovedtheadaptedclayjughadgreatpotentialasaspeaker.ThenthetwocooperatedwithSoundHubDenmark,whoseengineersmadeslightchangestothespeaker’sdesign.Sincethen,pottersinNacimientohavecreatedsmallgroupsofclayspeakers.AccordingtoDuszeln,Maputypicallypayscraftsmenanaboveaveragefeefortheirwork,andithasalsofundedtreeplantingprojectsthroughProNativo,anenvironmentalorganization,aswellasaprojecttofeedmunitiesinSantiagoduringthefirstlockdowncausedbytheCOVTID19pandemic.Thepairhopetomaketraditionalcraftsmoreattractivetoyoungpeople.Theyalsobelieveclayspeakerscanhelpfurtherdescribethebenefitsofclay,whichhasrenewedsignificanceinaworldwherepeopleareconcernedabouttheenvironment.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mendable”inParagraph2mean?A.Adjustable. B.Desirable. C.Available D.Movable13.WhydidOcqueteauandAgneswanttomakespeakersoutofclayatfirst?A.Topreservetraditionalculture B.Toprotecttheenvironment.C.Topeteformarketshare. D.ToaidpoorhouseholdsinChile.14.WhatcanwelearnaboutthepairfromParagraph4?A.Theythoughtofgivinguptheirdesignatfirst.B.Theyweremisunderstoodbysomelocalcraftsmen.C.Theywerecarefulandcautiousaboutmakingclayspeakers.D.Theygotfundingfortheircreationfromenvironmentalgroups.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ApanycutsitsenvironmentalimpactB.AgreeninventionhelpsadyingartrecoverC.ClayproductsarefavouredbyyoungpeopleD.Chileanculturaltraditionscreatejobopportunities【答案】12.B13.A14.C15.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一種新型環(huán)保的由粘土制成的揚聲器，介紹了其創(chuàng)造過程等?！?2題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞下文“whenelectronicwasteispilinguparoundtheworld.(在這個電子垃圾在世界各地堆積如山的時候)”可知，目前世界上電子垃圾堆積如山。而根據(jù)上文“Theysaytheproductisaround80percentbiodegradable(可生物降解的).(他們說，這種產(chǎn)品大約有80%是可生物降解的)”可知，這個揚聲器是環(huán)保的。由此推斷，揚聲器環(huán)保的特色在現(xiàn)在這種電子垃圾隨處可見的時代是“值得稱贊的”。選項A“Adjustable(可調(diào)整的)”；選項B“Desirable(令人滿意的、值得的)”；選項C“Available(可用的)”；選項D“Movable(可動的)”。故選B?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Themaininspirationwastokeeptraditionalcraftsaliveinregionswheretheyweredisappearing,especiallyinruralChile,wherePabloOcqueteau,acofounderofMapu,wasborn.He,togetherwithhispartnerPhilinevonAgnes,hadbeenwonderinghowtohelpbringtraditionalChileancraftsintothemodernworld.Finally.theydecidedtomakeaspeakeroutofatraditionalChileanwaterjugfoundinmostChileanhouseholds.(主要的靈感是讓傳統(tǒng)手工藝在那些正在消失的地區(qū)保持活力，尤其是在智利的農(nóng)村，Mapu的聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人PabloOcqueteau就出生在那里。他和他的伴侶PhilinevonAgnes一直在思考如何將傳統(tǒng)的智利手工藝帶入現(xiàn)代世界。最后。他們決定用大多數(shù)智利家庭都有的傳統(tǒng)智利水壺做一個揚聲器)”可知，Ocqueteau和Agnes最初只是想保護傳統(tǒng)的智利手工藝。故選A?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“CraftsmeninNacimientooncerenownedforpottery(陶藝)butstrugglingtokeeptheartalivewereonlytoohappytohelpthepair.Afterthefirstdesignofthespeakerwasmade,OcqueteauandAgnestalkedwithaprofessionalengineerinGermany,wholaterprovedtheadaptedclayjughadgreatpotentialasaspeaker.ThenthetwocooperatedwithSoundHubDenmark,whoseengineersmadeslightchangestothespeaker’sdesign.Sincethen,pottersinNacimientohavecreatedsmallgroupsofclayspeakers.(Nacimiento的工匠們曾經(jīng)以陶器而聞名，但為了保持這種藝術(shù)的活力，他們非常樂意幫助這對夫婦。揚聲器的第一個設(shè)計完成后，Ocqueteau和Agnes與德國的一位專業(yè)工程師進行了交談，這位工程師后來證明了改造后的陶器作為揚聲器的巨大潛力。隨后，兩人與丹麥SoundHub合作，后者的工程師對揚聲器的設(shè)計進行了細微的修改。從那以后，Nacimiento的陶工們創(chuàng)造了一些小的粘土揚聲器)”可知，Ocqueteau和Agnes對于陶器揚聲器的制作非常謹慎。故選C?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Akindoffarfetchedclayspeakersmightsoundnoveltoyou,yetnowadaysmusicspeakersmadefromclayhaveappearedonthemarket.(一種令人難以置信的粘土揚聲器可能聽起來很新奇，但現(xiàn)在市場上已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了由粘土制成的音樂揚聲器)”、第二段“Theysaytheproductisaround80percentbiodegradable(可生物降解的).That’snotnecessarilywhatmostpeoplelookforinasetofspeakers,butit’samendablefeatureatthistimewhenelectronicwasteispilinguparoundtheworld.(他們說，這種產(chǎn)品大約有80%是可生物降解的。這并不一定是大多數(shù)人在一套揚聲器中尋找的，但在這個電子垃圾在世界各地堆積如山的時候，這是一個值得稱贊的功能)”以及第三段“Themaininspirationwastokeeptraditionalcraftsaliveinregionswheretheyweredisappearing,especiallyinruralChile,wherePabloOcqueteau,acofounderofMapu,wasborn.He,togetherwithhispartnerPhilinevonAgnes,hadbeenwonderinghowtohelpbringtraditionalChileancraftsintothemodernworld.Finally.theydecidedtomakeaspeakeroutofatraditionalChileanwaterjugfoundinmostChileanhouseholds.(主要的靈感是讓傳統(tǒng)手工藝在那些正在消失的地區(qū)保持活力，尤其是在智利的農(nóng)村，Mapu的聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人PabloOcqueteau就出生在那里。他和他的伴侶PhilinevonAgnes一直在思考如何將傳統(tǒng)的智利手工藝帶入現(xiàn)代世界。最后。他們決定用大多數(shù)智利家庭都有的傳統(tǒng)智利水壺做一個揚聲器)”可知，文章主要講述的是Mapu的聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人PabloOcqueteau和他的伴侶PhilinevonAgnes通過一項環(huán)保的發(fā)明——粘土揚聲器，來拯救傳統(tǒng)的智利手工藝。由此可知，“Agreeninventionhelpsadyingartrecover.(一項綠色發(fā)明幫助一門瀕臨死亡的藝術(shù)復蘇)”作為文章標題最為合適。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題，每小題分，滿分分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Insuchabusyworld,itiseasyforustoignoresomedetailsthatmaydeterminesuccessorfailure,whichisreallyannoying.Fortunately,attentiontodetailsisalearnedskill,andit’sonethatyoucandefinitelydevelop!1.Makefullandneatlists.Makinglistsisareallyusefulwaytobeorganizedandtomakesurethatyouknowwhenandhoweverythingneedstoetogether.___16___Inthatway,you’llknowwhatyouactuallydidbefore.2.___17___Whenyou’redistracted,you’renotgoingtobeabletorecallthingsaseasilyasusualandmorelikelytoforgetthedetailsofyourprojectorhomework.Soifyouworkathome,putyourphoneonsilentandtellyourfriendsandfamilymembersnottocallyouwhenyou’reworkingunlessit’sanemergency.___18___3.Don’tdoseveralthingsatthesametime.Multitaskingspreadsyourattentionoutoveravarietyofitemsinsteadoffocusingononespecificitem.___19___Usingthelistthatyou’vedrawnup,youcangofromprojecttoproject,givingeachyourfullattentionwithoutcheckingyourphone.4.Takebreaks.___20___Makesurethatyouscheduleyourprojectsaroundthesametimeeachdayandtrytorestfor10to15minuteseachtime.Thiswillgiveyourbrainachancetorelaxintimeforthenextproject.Abreakcanbesomethingassimpleasstretchingandtakingashortwalkaroundyouroffice,orgoingforcoffeedownthestreet.A.Getorganizedifitispossible.B.Tryyoubesttolimitthedistractions.C.Onceyou’vepletedanitemonyourlist,checkitoff.D.Inotherwords,youareunabletogivefullattentiontoeachitem.E.Atworkplace,simplysay,“Ireallyhavetogetthisprojectfinished.”F.Agoodwaytokeepyourbrainsharpandfocusondetailsistotakerests.G.Youneedtoarrangeyourlifetohavehopeofpayingattentiontothesmallthings.【答案】16.C17.B18.E19.D20.F【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹的是如何提高注意力的方法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)本段主題句“Makefullandneatlists.(列出完整而整齊的清單。)”可知，本段講述的的是通過列一個完整的清單來提升注意力，根據(jù)空后“Inthatway,you’llknowwhatyouactuallydidbefore.(這樣，你就會知道你以前做過什么。)”中的inthatway可知，此空處應(yīng)為了解自己之前完成什么的方法，C選項“Onceyou’vepletedanitemonyourlist,checkitoff.(一旦你完成了清單上的一項任務(wù)，就把它劃掉。)”講述的是一種核查項目完成情況的方法，與與本段主題吻合，且與空后內(nèi)容一致。故選C項。【17題詳解】分析語篇可知，此處應(yīng)為本段的主題句，結(jié)合其它段落的主題句可知，此處應(yīng)為祈使句，根據(jù)空后的“Whenyou’redistracted,you’renotgoingtobeabletorecallthingsaseasilyasusualandmorelikelytoforgetthedetailsofyourprojectorhomework.Soifyouworkathome,putyourphoneonsilentandtellyourfriendsandfamilymembersnottocallyouwhenyou’reworkingunlessit’sanemergency.(當你分心的時候，你不可能像平常那樣容易回憶起事情，更有可能忘記你的項目或家庭作業(yè)的細節(jié)。所以如果你在家工作，把調(diào)成靜音，告訴你的朋友和家人不要在你工作的時候打給你，除非有緊急情況)”可知，本段的建議是減少分散注意力的干擾，B選項“Tryyoubesttolimitthedistractions.(盡量減少干擾。)”概括了該段的內(nèi)容，且為祈使句。故選B項?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)空前的“Soifyouworkathome,putyourphoneonsilentandtellyourfriendsandfamilymembersnottocallyouwhenyou’reworkingunlessit’sanemergency.(所以如果你在家工作，把調(diào)成靜音，告訴你的朋友和家人不要在你工作的時候打給你，除非有緊急情況。)”可知，此處講述的是在家如何排除干擾的方法，E選項“Atworkplace,simplysay,“Ireallyhavetogetthisprojectfinished.”(在工作場所，簡單地說:“我真的必須完成這個項目?！?。)”中的atworkplace可知，此處講述的是在工作場所如何排除干擾的方法，與空前的內(nèi)容一致，且與本段的主題吻合。故選E項?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)本段的主題句“Don’tdoseveralthingsatthesametime.(不要同時做幾件事。)”可知，本段講述的是不要多任務(wù)同時進行，根據(jù)空前的“Multitaskingspreadsyourattentionoutoveravarietyofitemsinsteadoffocusingononespecificitem.(多任務(wù)處理將你的注意力分散在各種各樣的事情上，而不是只關(guān)注一個特定的事情。)”可知，多任務(wù)同時進行會導致不能專注于特定的項目，D選項“Inotherwords,youareunabletogivefullattentiontoeachitem.(換句話說，你無法對每一件事都給予充分的注意力。)”中的inotherwords可知，此空處對空前內(nèi)容進一步解釋說明，且內(nèi)容與本段主題一致。故選D項?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)本段的主題句“Takebreaks.(休息一下。)”可知，本段講述的是“休息一下”的好處，F(xiàn)選項“Agoodwaytokeepyourbrainsharpandfocusondetailsistotakerests.(保持大腦敏銳和專注于細節(jié)的一個好方法是休息。)”中的takerests為解題的關(guān)鍵，且講述的內(nèi)容與本段主題吻合。故選F項。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Since2020,theworldhassetagoalofsafewaterforallandhasadvancedtowardit.However,thefastgrowingbottledwaterindustryis___21___countries’failuretoachievethegoal.Thefastgrowingbottledwatercan___22___theprogresssafewaterprojects,by___23___theirattentiontoalessreliableoption(選擇).ThelatestUNUniversityreportshowedthattheannual___24___oftheglobalbottledwatermarketareexpectedto$500billionworldwidethisdecade.Thiscanincrease___25___inwaterdepleted(缺水的)areaswhile___26___toplasticpollutiononlandandintheoceans.Infact,theindustry’sgreatestimpactseemsto___27___theprogressofnations’goalstoprovideitsresidentswithequalaccesstoaffordabledrinkingwater.IntheGlobalNorth,bottledwaterisoftenunderstoodtobehealthierand___28___thantapwater.Itismorealuxurythananecessity.Meanwhile,intheGlobalSouth,itistheabsenceofreliablepublicwater___29___thatdrivesbottledwatermarkets.Therefore,inmanylowandmiddleinecountries.____30____consumptionofbottledwatercanbeseenasa____31____ofdecadesofgovern