高中英語省略句-OK

高中英語省略句-OK第一頁，共34頁。一、省略句的定義省略是為了避免重復(fù)、突出新信息并使上下文緊密連接的一種語法修辭手段。省略在語言中，尤其在對(duì)話中，是一種十分普遍的現(xiàn)象。第一頁第二頁，共34頁。二、句子成分的省略省略前提：主謂賓，定狀表，如有重復(fù)可刪掉。省略原則：詞語省略后，不致令人費(fèi)解。省略類型：1.心照不宣型(用于祈使句和某些現(xiàn)成的簡(jiǎn)單句中)；2.承前省后型(用于對(duì)話、并列句和動(dòng)詞不定式中)；3.可有可無型(用于賓從中的that、定從中作賓語的whom,which,that和某些狀從中);4.虛擬倒裝型(只用于需要倒裝的虛擬條件句中)。第二頁第三頁，共34頁。三、句子成分的省略情況--how1.省略主語，主謂語或主謂的一部分

2.省略不定式符號(hào)to

3.省略作賓語的不定式短語

4.省略狀語從句中的

S+be5.省略定從、賓從中的引導(dǎo)詞

6.省略虛擬語氣中的if和should

7.省略名詞性從句或從句的部分用not,so,neither,nor

“替代”第三頁第四頁，共34頁。

Begyoupardon.

Soundslikeagoodidea.（I

）Begyou

pardon.

(It)

Soundslikeagoodidea..1.省略主語、主謂語或主謂的一部分心照不宣型(用于祈使句和某些現(xiàn)成的簡(jiǎn)單句中)

–Areyouthirsty?–

Yes,Iam.

Hisbrotherisn’tlazy,norishissister.(thirsty).(lazy).

Let’smeetatthesameplaceasyesterday.(wemet)同時(shí)省略主、謂語第四頁第五頁，共34頁。

–Haveyoufinishedyourwork?

–Notyet.Ihavenotfinishedmyhomeworkyet.1.省略主語、主謂語或主謂的一部分承前省后型(用于對(duì)話、并列句和動(dòng)詞不定式中)

Mybrotherisadoctorandmysister-in-law(is)alawyer.（省略相同的謂語動(dòng)詞）(is)第五頁第六頁，共34頁。1.作使役及感官動(dòng)詞的賓補(bǔ)的不定式須省to,但在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中須將to復(fù)原。

InoticedamantoentertheclassroomwhenIpassedby.

Amanwasnoticedtoenterthe

classroom.to

X

這類使役動(dòng)詞及感官動(dòng)詞主要有一“感”：二“聽”：三“讓”:四“看”:feelhearlistentohavemakeletwatchnoticeobservesee2.省略不定式符號(hào)to

注意半幫助:noticehelp第六頁第七頁，共34頁。2）donothingbutdo…只（做某事)，can‘tbutdo…(不得不),can’thelpbutdo…(只能做某事，不得不做)，hadbetter,maywell(很可能),mayaswell(不妨)等固定搭配常接省略to的不定式。E.g.Wedidn’tdoanythingbutstayathomewatchingTVyesterday.Hearingthenews,shecouldn’thelpbut

cry.2.省略不定式符號(hào)to

第七頁第八頁，共34頁。3.省略作賓語的不定式短語

省略在want，wish，hope，try，plan，like，love，hate等后作賓語的不定式短語，只保留to，但如果該賓語是動(dòng)詞be或完成時(shí)態(tài)，則須在之后加上be或have

:(1)–Areyougoingthere?--Yes,I’dliketo(2)Hedidn’tgivemethechance,thoughhehadpromisedto(3)–Areyouanengineer?--No,butIwant.(4)–Hehasn’tfinishedthetaskyet.--Well,heought.(gothere).(givemethechance).tobeTohave第八頁第九頁，共34頁。1.在if,unless,when,while,once,though,as等引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中，從句的主語與主句的主語一致時(shí)，可省去“主語+be”(1)Whenstillaboyof10,hehadtoworkdayandnight.(2)Shetriedherbestthoughratherpoorinhealth.(3)Whilecycling,

don’tforgetthetrafficlights.騎車時(shí)，不要忘記看紅綠燈。(youare)(you)(hewas)(shewas)4.省略狀語從句中的

S+be第九頁第十頁，共34頁。2.)英語中有一些固定的省略結(jié)構(gòu)：在以if,unless,when,while,once,though,asif（好象）等連詞引導(dǎo)的從句中，如從句中的主要?jiǎng)釉~是be，常將主語it和動(dòng)詞be省略。If

necessary,weshallsendatelegramhome.如有必要，我們就往家里打電報(bào)。If

possible,hewillcometomyhelp.如果有可能的話他會(huì)來幫助我的。itisitis第十頁第十一頁，共34頁。

Weallknow(that)theearthrunsaroundthesun.(that)1.)賓語從句中常省略連詞that，但當(dāng)有兩個(gè)并列的賓語從句時(shí)，第二個(gè)that則不能省略。

Marysaid(that)sheisfromAmericanandthatsheis16yearsold.(that)2.)在定語從句中，that,which,who在從句中作賓語時(shí)可省略。

Ihaven’treadthebook(that/which)you’rereading.(that/which)5.省略定從、賓從中的引導(dǎo)詞

第十一頁第十二頁，共34頁。1.)連詞if在虛擬條件句中省略后,從句需倒裝(3）

,whatshouldwedo?

,theywouldcertainlyhavecomeandhelpus.(2)

,IwoulddotheworkbetterHadtheyhadtimeIftheyhadhadtime

6.省略虛擬語氣中的if和shouldIfIwereyouWereIyouIfthereshouldbeafloodShouldtherebeaflood第十二頁第十三頁，共34頁。

Hesuggestweshouldsetoutrightaway.(should)2.）在含有表示“一堅(jiān)持二命令、三建議、四要求等詞后的名詞性從句中使用“（should）+動(dòng)詞原形”表示虛擬語氣。如：

Hissuggestionisthatweshouldsetoutrightaway.(should)

Theorderthatweshouldstaywhereweareisveryseriousandsevere.(should)

It’sveryimportantthatstudentsshouldstudyhardatschool.(should)一堅(jiān)持insist二命令ordercommand三建議suggestadviserecommend四要求ask,demand,request,require第十三頁第十四頁，共34頁。7.省略名詞性從句或從句的部分用not,so,neither,nor

“替代”省略名詞性從句或從句的部分，可用so或not代替。常用于此類的動(dòng)詞有believe,think,expect,guess,hope,imagine,suppose,say,tell等以及appear,seem,afraidetc..(4)–Doyouthinkhewillattendthemeeting?--Iguessnot.(1)–Ishecomingbacktonight?--Ithinkso(2)–Shemustbebusynow?--Ifso,shecan’tgowithus.(3)–Isshefeelingbettertoday?--I’mafraidnot.第十四頁第十五頁，共34頁。exerciseShecanswimunderwaterlongerthanIcanswimunderwater.2.Theydiscussedwhethertheyshouldstayinthehouseortheyshouldtrytheopenair.3.Theyhadameal,theywentoutforawalkandthentheycamebacktosleep.4.Don’tbatheifyoudon’t

wanttobathe.5.Idon’tvisitmyparentsasmuchasIoughttovisitmyparents.第十五頁第十六頁，共34頁。DiscoveringusefulstructuresRewritethesesentencesbytakingouttheunnecessaryparts.Theburnthatshegotfromtheironwasredanditwasverypainful.(_____)第十六頁第十七頁，共34頁。

2.Aboywasontheleftsideofthesickwoman,andagirlwasontherightsideofthesickwoman.3.Shehasadaughterwhoisinhospital.4.Hewenttothedoctorbecausehehadtogotothedoctor.(___________________)

(_____)(_____________)5.Didshepassthefirstaidtestyesterdayordidn’tshepass?ornot.第十七頁第十八頁，共34頁。6.Shecouldnotdecidedwhethertosendhimtohospitalornottosendhimtohospital.7.Whenyournoseisbleeding,youshouldbendforwardsothatthebloodrunsoutofyournoseandtheblooddoesn’trundownyourthroat.8.Onlysomeofthestudentshavedoneafirstaidcoursebutmostofthestudentshaven’tdoneafirstaidcourse.notdownyourthroat.第十八頁第十九頁，共34頁。2.Thesesentencesarecorrect.However,oneormorewordshavebeenleftout.Canyoutellyourpartnerwhichwordsaremissing?1)

Thetemplesurroundedbyawallbelongstothelocalgovernment.

Thetemple(whichis)surroundedbyawallbelongstothelocalgovernment.第十九頁第二十頁，共34頁。

2)

ThefirstbookIreadthistermwasmoreinterestingthanthesecond.

Thefirstbook(that)

Ireadthistermwasmoreinterestingthanthesecond

(bookthatIreadthisterm).第二十頁第二十一頁，共34頁。3)Toherteacher’ssurprise,shedidbetterinherfirstaidexamthanexpected.

Toherteacher’ssurprise,shedidbetterinherfirstaidexamthan(shewas)expected(todo).第二十一頁第二十二頁，共34頁。

4)Idon’tthinktheyhavereturnedfromthehospital,buttheymighthave.

Idon’tthinktheyhavereturnedfromthehospital,buttheymighthave

(returnedfromthehospital).第二十二頁第二十三頁，共34頁。

5)Hewantedtohelptheaccidentvictimbuthisfrienddidn’t.

Hewantedtohelptheaccidentvictimbuthisfrienddidn’t(wanttohelptheaccidentvictim).第二十三頁第二十四頁，共34頁。

6)Youcanborrowmyfirstaidnotesifyouwantto.

Youcanborrowmyfirstaidnotesifyouwantto(borrowmyfirstaidnotes).第二十四頁第二十五頁，共34頁。

7)Soundslikeagoodidea.

(It)soundslikeagoodidea.

8)AnythingIcandoforyou?

(Isthere)anythingIcandoforyou?第二十五頁第二十六頁，共34頁。1.---DoesyourbrotherintendtostudyGerman?---Yes,heintends______.A/B.toC.soD.that2.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim________.A.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoitD.donotto3.--WhatdoyouthinkmadeMarysoupset?--________hernewbicycle.A.AsshelostB.LostC.LosingD.BecauseoflosingB.A.C.第二十六頁第二十七頁，共34頁。4.If_____,we’llcontinueourexperimentafterofficehours.A.beingnecessaryB.benecessaryC.isnecessaryD.necessary6.Generallyspeaking,________accordingtodirections,thedrughasnosideeffect.

A.whentakingB.whentaken

C.whentotakeD.whentobetaken5.---Doyouthinkit'sgoingtorainovertheweekend?---________.A.Idon'tbelieveB.Idon'tbelieveitC.IbelievenotsoD.IbelievenotD.D.B.第二十七頁第二十八頁，共34頁。7.Oneofthesidesoftheboardshouldbepaintedyellow,and________.A.theotheriswhiteB.anotherwhiteC.theotherwhiteD.anotheriswhite8.---Wouldyoulikesomewine?---Yes,just________.A.littleB.verylittle

C.alittleD.afewC.C.第二十八頁第二十九頁，共34頁。Choosethebestanswers.1)----Tomorrowisaholiday.Whyareyoudoingyourhomework