土力學(xué)地基與基礎(chǔ)課程講義土中應(yīng)力講義

土中應(yīng)力計(jì)算

第二

章強(qiáng)警度挖問(wèn)秘題變李形敞問(wèn)營(yíng)題地蘇基垂中基的引應(yīng)記力跪狀酬態(tài)土院力謊學(xué)什中報(bào)應(yīng)終力役符黑號(hào)松的粒規(guī)塌定1催、拔應(yīng)爬力藏狀先態(tài)夾及忌應(yīng)術(shù)力海應(yīng)春變壟關(guān)稠系2羞、摸自恰重禮應(yīng)姨力3瀉、紫附代加防應(yīng)病力4炊、煤基澆底挑壓棕力皆計(jì)液算本優(yōu)章慚重殊點(diǎn)建阿筑貓物腰修痕建航以濱前隙，藍(lán)地災(zāi)基終中旬由團(tuán)土飄體在本貿(mào)身悉的堂有轎效絲式重憑量菠所那產(chǎn)鬧生滑的討應(yīng)藝力戶。應(yīng)漢力舊應(yīng)霜變朽關(guān)楊系建廁筑獲物歲修晉建病以彎后打，團(tuán)建轎筑醋物讓重獲量比等念外胞荷如載繞在宿地前基撇中毯引警起決的龍應(yīng)敗力駁，挎所填謂拋的盞“墨附齊加得”咽是檔指喉在瞞原便來(lái)到自租重爺應(yīng)館力蹦基維礎(chǔ)蒸上尊增扶加域的社壓菠力巡壽?！炖U2賴.掠1概胸述§床2綁.拴2自籌重詢應(yīng)尸力§生2昌.孩3基政底掉壓抬力§雹2盜.估4附鐵加仙應(yīng)兩力第割二狼章土挽體申中栽應(yīng)撓力例計(jì)暗算∞yzx∞∞∞∞o一、土寸力塘學(xué)廳中戀應(yīng)濱力健符章號(hào)畝的老規(guī)鐮定§育2夢(mèng).忠1概桂述-片-應(yīng)灣力鎮(zhèn)狀塑態(tài)濤及炊應(yīng)偏力層應(yīng)茫變?cè)P(guān)宗系地副基鋪：半紅無(wú)得限嫌空在間二斜、降地緩基千中跌常西見(jiàn)旁的圣應(yīng)奪力氧狀矩態(tài)1乎.一偶般膚應(yīng)肢力染狀恒態(tài)奶—垃—三澤維賺問(wèn)紙題2恢.軸耽對(duì)不稱坐三饞維羊問(wèn)瓦題應(yīng)驕變共條竄件應(yīng)惕力越條夠件獨(dú)逼立葡變獻(xiàn)量殊：3渠.平亭面抹應(yīng)裂變?cè)茥l攻件—膚—撥二告維頌問(wèn)套題▽垂伏直洗于y軸備切局出防的繁任同意浮斷酷面任的傳幾晶何斑形弊狀劈燕均效相昏同道，航其迎地蜘基醉內(nèi)嘗的允應(yīng)蛋力期狀努態(tài)儲(chǔ)也尚相炭同廁；▽沿綱長(zhǎng)齊度損方顯向掩有味足嚷夠弄長(zhǎng)艘度鏡，L沈/雹B數(shù)≧金1狹0塵；▽平自面攔應(yīng)段變嗓條諒件減下脂，窮土夜體峽在x冷,吉z平膨面之內(nèi)向可虧以看變柄形透，少但每在y方陣向顆沒(méi)賢有匪變蔥形砌。應(yīng)兄變勻條互件應(yīng)腎力謎條睡件獨(dú)降立飛變擦量4岡.側(cè)鮮限瓣應(yīng)懂力凝狀無(wú)態(tài)—沿—盒一威維比問(wèn)勒題水四平糟地劉基半撇無(wú)側(cè)限缸空役間叼體；半毅無(wú)觀限鍬彈允性型地唐基憤內(nèi)熄的趟自權(quán)重臂應(yīng)乖力睡只測(cè)與Z有岡關(guān)括；土養(yǎng)質(zhì)憲點(diǎn)嘗或籠土殃單增元織不車可底能恢有坊側(cè)毅向病位悲移側(cè)尊限豪應(yīng)秧變腿條病件譽(yù)；任殲何勸豎卸直嬌面很都尺是貞對(duì)遣稱宅面應(yīng)醒變棄條繼件AByzxo應(yīng)雅力漆條埋件獨(dú)衛(wèi)立叔變件量K0：演側(cè)乳壓慕力乳系更數(shù)三職、織土紐奉的鐘應(yīng)采力合-架應(yīng)泡變騎關(guān)深系識(shí)的幕假扯定1、室存內(nèi)協(xié)測(cè)僑定膽方幻玉法綱及端一鑄般煤規(guī)討律2、量應(yīng)甘力鼠計(jì)企算店時(shí)垃的痛基會(huì)本豬假雅定特癥殊邀應(yīng)踢力輩狀繳態(tài)一跟維憂問(wèn)象題側(cè)叢限策壓虹縮諸試妹驗(yàn)軸類對(duì)喘稱疊問(wèn)爽題常勁規(guī)據(jù)三共軸非試盤驗(yàn)1州）臺(tái)連寧續(xù)雨性舒假鍛定2伶）傭均乎質(zhì)縣、孫各閃向柄同獅性鵲假器定3輕）擔(dān)線鄙性犯變膊形蠅體鼓假么定4竄）啄半察無(wú)殲限藍(lán)體滾假雞定Δσεεpεe線彈性體加載卸載③均輕勻降一喬致盡各敏向?yàn)V同代性孝體（土腫層肥性塵質(zhì)嘆變釣化晴不堅(jiān)大耍時(shí)）②遞線訴彈臘性早體周（攝應(yīng)橋力貫較殘小型時(shí)賊）①歲連悠續(xù)弱介光質(zhì)龜（紗宏腰觀巨平傳均垂）與售(x撞,灶y仍,椒z泛)無(wú)捷關(guān)與愛(ài)方春向升無(wú)遲關(guān)碎屯散脖體非浸線叢性彈逮塑剛性成也層飾土各祥向無(wú)異青性§程2允.輸2土唱體押自溜重峰應(yīng)武力柜的尊計(jì)謎算一、水棵平慶地膛基風(fēng)中蟲(chóng)的糖自附重揪應(yīng)挑力假協(xié)定擋：水唉平涂地煎基半槐無(wú)隆限拳空府間佳體半稱無(wú)販限狡彈奇性灘體（遺同砌一搏深肯度竟應(yīng)輔力提狀也態(tài)賢相點(diǎn)同鎖，姻水斜平橋垂稅直掛主略應(yīng)映力重面遣）有凍側(cè)趣限孩應(yīng)價(jià)變嶺條汪件一先維仔問(wèn)姓題定業(yè)義慈：在鍛修糠建罵建襖筑對(duì)物惕以浴前燦，桐地縣基晴中研由毫土糊體慰本桶身死的有云效格重似量而諒產(chǎn)矩生選的刻應(yīng)菜力窗。目用的飼：確優(yōu)定輪土俘體潔的選初裕始脆應(yīng)活力能狀途態(tài)計(jì)卸算徹：地疑下扒水倉(cāng)位爆以勒上睡用術(shù)天肅然瘦容宇重潮，惕地趟下順?biāo)挝恍家孕鲁溆媚焊∧耆萃酥?畝.計(jì)掏算追公獄式豎典直鑒向蹈：水勾平匠向糕：均嗓質(zhì)拌地陷基成鼓層蔑地涂基豎潑直云向讓：水付平凱向值：容寇重相：地處下念水扣位竊以重上描用添天聚然敬容泊重γ地壯下別水脅位挎以熱下惹用般浮自容癥重γ’γ2γ3γ12層.分飛布擇規(guī)徑律自轉(zhuǎn)重伶應(yīng)養(yǎng)力鍵分忽布勝線螺的甩斜恩率腎是夜重治度爐；自立重窗應(yīng)銷力遲在棵等巨重求度期地說(shuō)基助中堤隨熟深管度弱呈香直結(jié)線酸分枯布相；自植重緣瑞應(yīng)厭力憐在拘成減層鏡地企基隊(duì)中想呈抹折猛線腎分保布咳；在怎土飯層磨分姜界咬面巡壽處拳和類地區(qū)下帳水權(quán)位劣處繼發(fā)帥生邁轉(zhuǎn)釣折菊。有設(shè)不砍透材水嚷層雅時(shí)挽頂裳面引下迅為蘿上鹿覆除水著土粗總單重均擋質(zhì)光地菜基成爹層美地定基例沒(méi)題乳分讓析【弱例閉】一辭地駱基棋由續(xù)多來(lái)層暴土孟組蔑成捐，阿地孕質(zhì)妻剖佛面籃如史下卵圖化所吵示逮，激試卡計(jì)扣算簡(jiǎn)并如繪濁制咽自釘重書應(yīng)績(jī)力σc續(xù)z沿誕深仆度陽(yáng)的網(wǎng)分思布厲圖57.0kPa80.1kPa103.1kPa150.1kPa194.1kPa§烘2累.括3基螞底紹壓慘力探計(jì)浮算基榴底巾壓芹力：基姿礎(chǔ)裕底殊面妻傳抵遞冷給泛地位基唐表得面禮的厭壓寬力綱，享也玻稱基略底智接疾觸偷壓躺力?；D底歡壓獎(jiǎng)力附筑加等應(yīng)厲力地扔基澤沉達(dá)降率變韻形基滾底記反收力基午礎(chǔ)籠結(jié)勺構(gòu)密的穴外首荷刺載上秋部控結(jié)涼構(gòu)泡的向自策重晴及融各多種辮荷蝕載占都旦是快通課過(guò)濾基炎礎(chǔ)絞傳擾到善地禾基緊中械的靠。上域部確結(jié)近構(gòu)基脹礎(chǔ)地晨基一耽、點(diǎn)概北念二交、爺影課響基井底棉壓筍力因冬素基奔礎(chǔ)我條榮件剛恐度形臭狀大刑小埋犧深大陶小方跨向分爬布土懷類密際度土盛層信結(jié)燥構(gòu)帆等荷肉載燦條搏件地慚基循條大件抗旬彎廣剛昏度E涌I=各∞鋤→M≠0咳；反雀證尊法:假按設(shè)畢基界底誓壓麗力乏與請(qǐng)荷許載嘩分迫布長(zhǎng)相赴同裁，穴則襖地慎基公變膏形煙與駁柔劈燕性巷基扎礎(chǔ)擊情短況伙必矮然木一憐致暫；分脫布:中慣間塑小,兩劍端鹿無(wú)宴窮摘大躁（妥理啦論難上放）循。三區(qū)、鋪基萬(wàn)底冶壓振力悅分銜布基味礎(chǔ)腥抗丹彎綢剛炊度E饅I=組0杯→M斗=管0；基銹礎(chǔ)役變?cè)撔瓮昴芊竿晁と窟m厘應(yīng)笨地聞基勒表狐面綁的推變松形;基腦礎(chǔ)顧上圈下嶼壓抱力魯分肥布掏必祥須在完稈全劑相趟同登，剩若販不裹同花將舌會(huì)樣產(chǎn)注生桂彎貞矩堆。1巨）條畢形趁基廚礎(chǔ)與，墻豎舞直奇均務(wù)布筐荷談?shì)d2砌）御彈泳性國(guó)地說(shuō)基辯，率完初全么柔版性區(qū)基耳礎(chǔ)3戒）虎彈隙性幫地般基較，仇絕掛對(duì)就剛輪性勉基軋礎(chǔ)—荷鞭載曠較卵小—荷穿載困較峽大砂何性漿土熱地餃基粘罩性孕土借地諸基—接謀近子彈店性嘗解—馬注鞍趙型—拋襖物水線寫型—倒她鐘求型4夸）閣彈盛塑榆性元地暈基席，挎有場(chǎng)限豎剛線度晃基巖礎(chǔ)根冬據(jù)估圣弊維格南賢原帖理恨，業(yè)基綠底聰壓驗(yàn)力區(qū)的院具度體豆分南布蜜形直式娘對(duì)蘿地坡基拒應(yīng)從力氣計(jì)云算計(jì)的劇影尖響衰僅陳局狹限歐于棋一胞定作深墾度梯范陡圍缺；換超冬出湊此誦范啦圍帆以融后攀，挪地?fù)艋?jiàn)中卻附栗加晉應(yīng)舅力障的簽分址布矮將絞與靈基勒底放壓趙力磚的赴分杯布圍關(guān)兇系伸不培大屠，飽而銜只市取顧決殊于請(qǐng)荷喪載躲的烏大雙小劫、旦方曉向甲和愿合綢力新的鴨位偵置松。四館、陶基繁底焦壓哨力衛(wèi)實(shí)買用簡(jiǎn)逢化奔計(jì)撈算簡(jiǎn)副化撒計(jì)澆算揀方獻(xiàn)法刪：假后定基皮底減壓?jiǎn)柫κ０粗毕嗑€構(gòu)分福布衡的勤材脫料剝力過(guò)學(xué)步方背法荷載條件豎直中心豎直偏心傾斜偏心矩形基礎(chǔ)條形基礎(chǔ)P閣’斗—單威位屠長(zhǎng)度我上反的題荷鵲載基擋礎(chǔ)懸形葡狀凳與恰荷倡載塘條氣件濫的求組陸合1漂）蓮矩斧形蓋面憶積徒中眼心笨荷承載BLxyP四襲、范基衰底吃壓止力淋實(shí)采用簡(jiǎn)肢化塊計(jì)俊算e小<肺B硬/槽6雁:梯丙形e細(xì)=團(tuán)B酒/指6務(wù):三少角魔形xyBLePexyBLPe溉>鋤B亮/至6訓(xùn):出羨現(xiàn)雪拉欄應(yīng)心力漲區(qū)exyBLK3KPK=B/2-e2）漿矩堂形叼面竿積漂單擇向宴偏更心約荷擴(kuò)載exeyxyBLP3）隸矩醉形四面秀積傭雙梢向遵偏木心港荷懇載BeP4求）箭條蘇形豎基環(huán)礎(chǔ)添豎登直慘偏港心非荷跑載令L莖=暈1，充即淚可附由液矩圖形獅基廣礎(chǔ)蛋豎檔直淡偏戀心屋荷狂載償公會(huì)式歇得棉出民相祖應(yīng)伴條暫形?；鶎A(chǔ)燭公春式液：五塵、蛛基技底廳附捆加活壓戲力p0計(jì)共算1縣、循基蒼底撞附柔加右壓念力p0的目概屆念2貿(mào)、計(jì)涼算肺公蔥式燒：p0=p-

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m潔-劍-辛-唯-基斑底盾以紅上璃土港層宅的施加籮權(quán)芝平壘均壯重陜度P0稈：用泛來(lái)費(fèi)計(jì)險(xiǎn)算穴地劑基協(xié)附償加惱應(yīng)村力2歷.矩格形嚇面位積吊豎們直括均亮布閑荷洲載3菜.矩標(biāo)形爆面邊積芝豎尚直邊三鏈角平形圾荷條載5鳥(niǎo).豎梨直末線殺布盜荷集載6侮.條請(qǐng)形五面溫積姓豎滑直泡均屠布素荷亞載4肺.圓已形咬面支積基豎叔直股均謊布抬荷障載特侄殊揀荷夕載殖：塘將防荷慌載艱和毅面權(quán)積略進(jìn)忘行駱?lè)謱＝獍Γ鹩每v已忠知田解晨和秋疊鬧加立原云理挖求牌解§捉2點(diǎn).旋4地謙基礦中碧附饅加起應(yīng)龍力糟的炸計(jì)斬算1糕.豎峽直蛇集雄中責(zé)力一座、豎犧直徑集勸中個(gè)力敲作盞用蜘下場(chǎng)的鹿附彩加露應(yīng)晝力礙計(jì)施算－燦布戒辛欲內(nèi)怠斯烤克播解（P；x,y,z；R,α,β)yzxoPMxyzrRβM’αK為旱集酸中衡力蘋作粗用牌下事的錢應(yīng)客力四分制布筑系猾數(shù)特防點(diǎn)景及腥分?jǐn)⒉加梢?guī)療律隙：1蘆.σz與α無(wú)神關(guān)擱，著應(yīng)務(wù)力旱呈尸軸盼對(duì)請(qǐng)稱爽分瓣布2醫(yī).σz:τz泡y:τz悼x=z缸:趁y筑:定x,合其力善過(guò)職原倍點(diǎn)姓，杜與R同出向yzxoPMxyzrRβM’α3煌.P作墳用乒線昌上但，r混=盼0游,笛K吹=有3賞/毅(廊2π）,臺(tái)z齒=搭0暖,σz→展∞，z鏟→衫∞，σz=反04征.在暮某戶一桐水葉平珍面比上z阻=叼c助o啦n亞s遭t，r撤=甩0鳴,飾K最漁大新，r局↑，K減岸小礙，σz減師小5深.在態(tài)某晚一豎圓耳柱歲面嘉上r錯(cuò)=仔c弄o軌n陣s儲(chǔ)t，z咐=顧0行,σz歲=舅0，z妥↑，σz先萄增暖加縣后敞減破小6西.σz等堤值漆線夫－指應(yīng)糧力康泡P應(yīng)寫力等剪值典線P0閑.丹1卸P0蟻.黨0楊5督P0甘.疤0占2朵P0閑.斃0絡(luò)1起P二鳥(niǎo)、矩強(qiáng)形押面畫積刮豎閉直鄭均完布希荷善載耳作賺用喂下蛾的做附烏加郵應(yīng)開(kāi)力腎計(jì)染算1.角砍點(diǎn)截下彎的輩垂膀直裂附承加滋應(yīng)腔力—華—B氏揉解地的趕應(yīng)補(bǔ)用pMm夏=啊L岸/翻B蝦,覆n只=扇z陳/唉BK漫s為紐奉矩段形執(zhí)豎鞏直責(zé)向享均文布蓮荷口載步角龍點(diǎn)核下廟的墨附繡加祖應(yīng)礙力維系寒?dāng)?shù)2.任鞠意梅點(diǎn)遍的撈垂據(jù)直勺附濃加之應(yīng)連力—利角撕點(diǎn)汁法a屯.矩霸形茂面吩積默內(nèi)b敬.矩春形只面綿積滅外兩戒種屢情緒況羽：荷宮載嫌與針應(yīng)質(zhì)力席間滿猜足偷線筋性慘關(guān)膠系疊捎加亞原傳理角尼點(diǎn)鉆下悉垂休直臭附淡加應(yīng)哲力喂的諸計(jì)授算名公霸式地編基所中法任午意伏點(diǎn)惜的江附好加見(jiàn)應(yīng)筋力角無(wú)點(diǎn)扯法三互、矩舅形啄面稼積廟三粘角取形租分吊布浙荷插載助作萍用秋下菌的弓附唉加膨應(yīng)五力株計(jì)稍算ptMKt矩論形蒜面縱積埋豎喇直宏三愈角