英文的濟南基本概括

濟南概況TheOverviewofJiNan尊敬的各位來賓：下邊，把濟南的情況給大家做一個簡單的介紹。Mydistinguishedguests:NowI?dliketogiveyouasimpleintroductionofJiNan.?濟南面積和人口等theacreageandpopulationofjinan山東按行政區(qū)域劃分為17個地市。濟南市是山東省的省會城市，是全省的政治、經濟、文化、科研、教育、交通等中心。它位于山東省中西部，南邊是泰山、北邊靠黃河，總面積8177平方公里，轄6區(qū)3縣1市。濟南有常住人口600萬，其中城區(qū)人口243萬。濟南的市樹為垂柳，市花為荷花。Shandongprovinceisdividedinto17citiesaccordingtotheadministrationregion.JinanasthetheprovincialcapitalcityofShandongprovinceisthecentreofwholeprovinceinpolitics,economies,culture,research,educationandcommunication,andsoon.ItislocatedinthemidwestofShandongprovince,itssouthisMountTaishananditsnorthdependtotheyellowriver.Jinan'stotalareais8177squarekilometers,governing6zones,3countiesandonecity.Ithasapermanentpopulationof6,000,000,amongwhich2,430,000isurbanpopulation.weepingwillowisJinan'scitytreeandthewaterlilyisitscityflower.?濟南氣候theweatherofjinan濟南地處中緯度地帶，氣候溫和，四季分明。全年降水的60%集中在夏季。濟南是一座氣候宜人的城市，歷代文人多有詩詞文章歌頌。大家耳熟能詳?shù)挠挟敶娜死仙岬淖髌贰稘系亩臁?。其實他還寫了《濟南的春天》和《濟南的秋天》，都對濟南這座城市的氣候和天氣贊不絕口。Locatedinthemiddle-latitudezone,jinan'sweatherismoderate,seasonsareclearhere.60%precipitationofthewholeyearisconcentratedinsummer.Jinanissuchacitywithpleasantweatherthatmanyliteratieshavethepoemorarticletotopraiseitindefferentages.Contemporaryfamouswriter,LaoShe's<winterinjinan>isfamiliartoeveryone.Infact,besidethathealsowrote<jinan”sspring>and<jinan'sautumn>topraisetheclimateandweatherofthiscity.?濟南的由來theoriginofjinan前面我介紹了山東名稱的由來，大家想知道濟南這座城市的名字是怎么得名的嗎？中國古代有著名的三山、五岳、四瀆，這四瀆是四條著名的河流，它們是黃河、長江、淮河和濟水河。濟水河的河床就是今天黃河濟南段的河床。濟南因位于濟水河的南岸，因而得名。原先黃河并不流經濟南，只是在清朝咸豐五年(1855)，黃河在河南的銅瓦箱決口，黃河水奪濟水河河床入海，自此濟水河消失，黃河流經濟南。Ihaveintroducedthecaseofthedenominationof“shandong”.Doyouwanttoknownhowthiscitygetthenameof“jinan”?Inancienttimeschinahasthreemountains,fiveYuesandfourchannels,thesefourchannelsarefourfamousrivers,theyareyellowriver,YangtzeRiver,Huaiheandjishuiriver.Thebedofjishuirivernowistheriverbedofyellowriverinjinan.Jinangetsitsnamebecauseofbeinglocatedinsouthernlandofjishuiriver.Theyellowriverdidn'tflowthroughjinanatfirst,justintheManchuDynastyxianfengfiveyears(1855),theyellowriveroverflowedin“theactiniumkiowattbox”ofHenan,waterofyellowriverjayhawktheriverbedofjishuirivertorunintosea,fromthattimeonjishuiriverabsenced,theyellowriverflowedthroughjinan.濟南是黃河下游的一座古城，歷史源遠流長，素有齊魯雄都，海右名城之稱。早在春秋時，稱濼邑，是濟南最早記入史冊的地名；戰(zhàn)國時，濟南為歷下邑；漢至明、清相繼在濟南設郡、府。從明代起，為山東省治，濟南便一直是山東省政治、經濟、文化中心。1929年正式設市，1948年9月24日解放。Jinanisanancientcitywithalonghistorydownstreamyellowriver,namedof“herocapitalcityofQiLu”and“famouscityrighttothesea.AsearlyastheSpringandAutumnPeriodjinanwascallsLuoYiwhichwastheearliestnameofjinantohavebeingrecordedinhistoricalwork;OnthethePeriodofWarringStatesjinanwascalledLiXiacity;FromHanDynastytoMingandQingDynastyprefectureandcapitalwassetupinjinanoneafteranother.SinceMingDynastyjinanwasgovernedofShandongprovince,fromthenonithasbecametobethepolitics,economiesandculturalcentreofShandongprovince.Jinanwasformallyestablishedascityin1929andliberatedonSeptember24,1948.?濟南的泉水thesprigwaterofjinan正如哈爾濱被稱為冰城、昆明被稱為春城一樣，濟南也有個別稱，叫泉城。因為濟南泉水眾多而得名。據(jù)統(tǒng)計，只濟南市區(qū)就有泉100多處，著名的有72處。這些泉大都分布在濟南老城區(qū)。古人就有“齊多甘泉，甲于天下”、“家家泉水，戶戶垂楊”的贊譽。也許大家會問了，濟南為什么會有這么多的泉呢？這還是跟濟南的地形地勢有關。濟南地勢南高北低，南部山區(qū)是由易滲水的碳酸巖組成，大氣降水下滲，沿著地勢向北潛流，在濟南老城區(qū)遇到不透水的輝長巖體堵截，水流積聚到一定程度，就在地質構造比較薄弱的地方噴涌而出，從而形成濟南眾多的泉群。JustasHarbiniscalledicecity,Kunmingiscalledspringcity,jinanisknownasspringcitybecausetherearesomanyspringsinjinan.Accordingtothestatistics,therearemorethan100springsinjinan'surbanarea,72springsarewell-known.Thesespringsaremostlydistributedinjinan'soldcityzone,theancientscommendthisas“springspreadalloverQiarea,secondtononeallovertheworld”“everyfamilyhasspringanddoortodoorhasweepingwillow”.Probablyyouwillaskwhyjinanhassomanysprings?Thisisstillattributestothegeographyofjinan.Thesouthofjinanishigherthanthenorth,thenorthmountainareaiscomposedofcarbonatitewhichiseasyforthewatertoooze,precipitationwaterunderflowstothenorthalonggeography,whenthewatercomestojinan'soldcityzone,meetingthewatertightgabbrobodyitbecomestoaccumulateandwhenthewatercurrentsgatherstoacertainextentitflowsoutofthethinnerplaceingeologicstructuretoformnumeroussprings.2004年4月2日，濟南新七十二名泉評審最終“塵埃落定”。濟南七十二名泉評審委員會召開新聞發(fā)布會，正式向社會公布了濟南新七十二名泉及十大泉群評審結果。OnApril2,2004,thenew72springsfojinanwasfinallychoosed.Validationcommitteeof72springsconvenedaPressConferencetoformallypubulishthevalidationresultoflately72springsandtengreatestsprings.新七十二名泉的評審，本著尊重歷史，尊重古人，與時俱進，有利管理，重在保護，以市區(qū)為主，兼顧郊縣（市區(qū)）的原則，對歷史上金、明、清三代所列七十二名泉進行全面考察，能保留的盡量予以保留。對歷史上未列入七十二名泉的泉水，水勢旺盛，具有良好自然人文環(huán)境和旅游價值的，經考察評審也列入新七十二名泉。同時，依據(jù)泉水的分布、數(shù)量、地質結構和泉水徑流特點，劃分了以趵突泉、珍珠泉、黑虎泉、五龍?zhí)稙橹行牡乃拇笫袇^(qū)內的泉群，新劃定了百脈泉泉群、洪范池泉群、涌泉泉群、袈裟泉泉群、玉河泉泉群和白泉泉群等六大周邊縣市區(qū)泉群，形成了濟南市十大泉群。Thevalidationofnew72springsisinthelightoftorespecthistory,respecttheancients,keepupwiththeTimes,availtosupervision,heavyinsafeguard,giveattentiontodowntownareaatthesametimetakesuburbcountyintoaccount,givecomprehensiveinvestigatationtothe72springsinthehistoryofJinDynasty,MingDynastyandQingDynasty,trybesttoreservethosewhichcanbereserved.Theotherspringsthatdidn'tbeincludedin72springsinthehistorywhosewatercurrentisthrivingandhasgoodworthofnature,humanism,environmentandtourismcanalsobeincludedinnew72springsbyjudgeofinvestigation.Atthesametime,accordingtothedistribution,quantity,geologystructureandthespringtherunofffeaturesofthesprings,fourspringgroupsdowntownaredividedrespectivelywiththecenterofBaoTuspring,pearlspring,blacktigerspring,fivedragonpondsspring,besidethattheothersixspringgroupsinthesuburbanareaaredesignatedwhichincludesnew100veinspringgroup,HongFanChispringgroup,flowoutspringgroup,cassockspringgroup,jaderiverspringgroupandwhitespringgroup.Thustenspringgroupsofjinanareformed.趵突泉泉群有泉28處；珍珠泉泉群21處；黑虎泉泉群16處；五龍?zhí)度?8處；百脈泉泉群20處；洪范池泉群(平陰)22處；涌泉泉群(柳埠、仲宮、西營)126處；袈裟泉泉群(靈巖寺、五峰山)44處；玉河泉泉群(港溝、彩石)68處；白泉泉群(王舍人鎮(zhèn))8處。TheBaoTuspringgrouphas28springs,Thepearlspringgrouphas21springs,Theblacktigerspringgroupowns16springsandtheFivedragonpondsspringgroup,New100veinspringgroup,HongFanChispringgroup(locatedinPingYincounty),Flowoutspringgroup(locatedinLiuBu,ZhongGongandXiYingtown),Cassockspringgroup(locatedinLingyanTempleandWufengmountain),Jaderiverspringgroup(locatedinGangGouandCaiShitown)andWhitespringgroup(locatedinWangSheRentown)respectivelyhas28,20,22,126,44,68and8springs.從濟南南行70余公里，就是泰安市，聞名世界的泰山就坐落在泰安市的北部。再南行60余公里，就是世界十大歷史文化名人之首——孔子的故鄉(xiāng)。濟南、泰山、曲阜這一條旅游線路，是山東省最主要的旅游線路之一，叫山水圣人線，其中的水就是指濟南的泉水。Southfromjinanabout70kilometersisTai-anCity.MountTaishanwhichiswell-knownintheworldislocatedinitsnorth.FromTai-anCitygosouthmorethan60kilometersisChufuthehometownofConfuciuswhoisthefisrtoneoftengreatesthistoricalculturalcelebritiesintheworld.jinan,MountTaishanandChufuformatourroute,oneofthemostimportanttourrouteofShandongprovincenamedmountainwaterandsageroute,amongwhichthewaterjustpointstospringofjinan.?濟南的歷史文化Thehistoryandcultureofjinan濟南歷史悠久，文化昌盛，文物古跡眾多。這里是龍山文化和東方文明的發(fā)祥地。Jinanhasalonghistory,itscultureisprosperousandtherearemanyculturalrelicsandhistoricalsiteswhereisthebirthplaceofLongshancultureandtheEasterncivilization.城子崖龍山古跡，是中國迄今發(fā)現(xiàn)最早的城邦；LongshanhistoricalsitesinChengziyaistheearliestcity-stateinchinawhichhasbeenfound.城子崖出土的四五千年前的黑陶，工藝精湛，令人嘆為觀止；Theblackpotterythatwasmade4,000-5,000yearsagounearthedinChengziyaisexquisiteandbreathtaking.濟南市南部的歷山，是大舜曾經耕作和生活過的地方，大舜教親和勤勞的美德，至今傳為佳話；LishanmountainliesinthesouthofjinanwastheplacewherebigShuncultivatedandlived,bigShun'svirtuesofcompatibleandindustriousarestillbewidelyreadtoday.穿越濟南的齊長城比秦始皇的萬里長城的歷史還要提前300多年；GreatWallofQithatpassesthroughJinanis300yearsaheadofChinShihhuang'sGreatWall's.漢代孝堂山郭氏墓石祠是中國現(xiàn)存最古老的地面房屋建筑；GuoShigravestoneancestraltempleofHanDynastyinXiaoShanmountainisthemostancientgroundbuildingextantinchina.隋代柳埠四門塔是中國最古老的單層方形石塔；Four-GatePagodaofSuiDynastylocatedinLiuButownisthemostancientmonolayersquareshapepagodaofchina.靈巖寺景區(qū)為泰山最幽絕處，有“游泰山不游靈巖不成游也”之說；靈巖寺被譽為中國四大名剎之首，其中千佛殿中的宋代彩塑羅漢被譽為“海內第一名塑”；ThesceniczoneisthequietestplaceofTaishan,Thereisthesayingof“Itisn'tatourifgotoTaishannottolingyan”;LingyansiishonoredastheheadofChinesefourbigfamoustemple,thecolouredsculpturearhatofSongDynastyinthousandBuddhisttemplehallofLingyansiishonoredas“thefirstfamoussculptureinchina”;濟南市又是群泉噴涌，名士薈萃的地方，長期以來形成了以龍山文化、大舜文化、名泉文化和名士文化為主要特色的泉城文化。再加上悠久的建城歷史，豐富的文化遺存，眾多的名勝古跡，遂使?jié)铣蔀閲鴥韧庵臍v史文化名城。Jinanisalsoaplacewherespringsspoutandfamouslitterateursgathertogether,ithasformedQuanchengculturetakingtheLongshanculture,thebigShunculture,thefamousspringcultureandthefamouslitterateurcultureasmaincharacteristicsincealongtime.Inaddition,glorioushistoryofcityconstruction,richcultureremains,numerousscenicandhistoricspotsmakeJinanafamoushistoricalandculturalcityindomesticandforeign.歷史上有很多名人對濟南留下了膾炙人口的贊美之詞。ManycelebritiesinthehistoryhadleftuniversallyacclaimedpraisestoJinan.唐代大詩人杜甫曾寫到“海右此亭古，濟南名士多”；TangDynasty'sgreatpoetDuFuoncewroteabout“apavilionrighttothesea,standforalongtime,personagesofJinanareverynumerous.元好問在遍游濟南山水后，寫下“羨煞濟南山水好”、“有心常做濟南人”等頌揚之詞；Yuanhaowenwrotedown“sceneryofJinanmakesgodenvy”,“hasamindtobeaJinanperson”andsoontopraiseitaftertravelledaroundtheJinan'sscenery.清朝乾隆年間才子劉鳳誥的“四面荷花三面柳，一城山色半城湖”對大明湖的美景進行了高度概括；ThetalentedpersonLiuFenghaoofTheQingDynastyQianlonghighlysummarizedthebeautifulsceneofDamingLakeas“foursideslotusthreewillowtrees,onecitymountaincolorhalfcitylake”趙孟頫的“云霧潤蒸華不住，波濤聲震大明湖”寫出了趵突泉作為天下第一泉的氣勢；ThepomeofZhaoMengfuwroteoutthevigourofBaoTuspringastheno1springintheworld,itwas"cloudandmistmakeeverlastingbeautifulscene,acousticwavesshockDaminglake".清代文學家劉鶚的“家家泉水，戶戶垂楊”道出了濟南特有的景色，在他的《老殘游記》一書中對濟南的景物給予了細致的描寫，而且很多篇章收入中學語文課本，使?jié)系拿谰半S課本走向全國；QingDynastywriterLiuE?s“eachfamilyhaswaterseepage,everyhouseholdhasweepingpoplar”haspointedJinan'suniquescenery,hisbook"TravelsofLaotsan"gaveacarefuldescriptiontoJinan'sscenery,ofwhichmanychaptershasbeenadoptedinthemiddleschoollanguagetextbook,thatpromoteJinan'sbeautifulscenetothewholenationalongwiththetextbook;著名文人老舍先生的《濟南的冬天》、《趵突泉的欣賞》等更是把游人帶入了一個如詩如畫、如夢如幻的境界 RenownedwriterMr.LaoShe's"Jinan'sWinter","AppreciationtoBaotuSpring"etchasledthetouriststoabournlikepoemandpicture,likedreamandfantasy...?濟南名士personageofjinan山東有句話說“泰安州神全，濟南府人全”，此話一點不假。濟南自古人杰地靈，歷代名人輩出。原籍濟南的有扁鵲、伏生、終軍、秦瓊、義凈、李格非、李清照、辛棄疾、張養(yǎng)浩、李開先、李攀龍等；客居或在濟南為官的有曹操、李邕、李白、杜甫、蘇軾、蘇轍、曾鞏、元好問、趙孟頫、鐵鉉、何紹基、劉鶚、王盡美、鄧恩銘等。Shandonghasawordssayingthat“StateTaianhasmanygods,PrefectureJinanhasmanypersonages”,thisisnotfalse.Jinan'spersonisoutstanding,jinan'searthhasnimbus,therearemanypersonagesineverydynasty.SomeofthoseancestralhomeisJinan,theyareBianQue,FuSheng,Zhongjun,QinQiong,Yijing,LiGefei,LiQingzhao,XinQiji,ZhangYanghao,LiKaixian,LiPanlongandsoon;someresidedasavisitororheldofficeinjinan,theyareCaoCao,LiYong,LiBai,DuFu,SuShi,SuZhe,ZengGong,YuanHaowenZhaoMengfu,TieXuan,HeShaoji,LiuE,WangJinmei,DengEnmingandsoon.?快速發(fā)展的濟南市Jinaninfastdevelopment今天的濟南，發(fā)展迅速。工業(yè)門類齊全，經濟實力強大。其中輕騎、鍛壓、啤酒、化纖、小鴨、服裝等七大集團，進入全省重點發(fā)展的行列。輕騎、煉油、濟鋼等企業(yè)，進入全國企業(yè)五百強行列。輕騎摩托車、小鴨全自動洗衣機等產品在國內外市場上有較強的知名度和市場占有率。TodaydevelopmentofJinanisrapid.Theindustrycoversextensivefields,theeconomicpotentialityisformidable.Andthelightcavalry,theforgingandstamping,thebeer,thechemicalfiber,theyoungduck,theclothingandothers,sevenbiggroupsentertheprioritizedevelopmentranksofentireprovince.Lightcavalry,oilrefinery,JinanSteelWorkshaveentertedtheranksof500strongenterprisesinthenational.Productssuchasmotorcycleoflightcavalry,completelyautomaticwasherofyoungduckhaveastrongfamepopularityandmarketshareinthedomesticandforeignmarkets.由于全面實施了外向帶動戰(zhàn)略，濟南市全方位、多層次、寬領域對外開放的格局基本形成。濟南市已同美國的薩克拉門托市、英國的考文垂市、日本的和歌山市、山口市、加拿大的里賈納市、韓國的水原市、巴布亞新幾內亞的首都地區(qū)和俄羅斯的夏洛夫格洛德市、芬蘭萬達市、法國雷恩市、澳大利亞郡德勒普市11個國家12個城市建立了友好城市關系，同世界上140多個國家和地區(qū)建立了經濟往來。Becauseimplementsthestrategyofextroversionleadcomprehensively,Jinan'somni-directional,multi-levelandwide-rangingdevelomentpatternofopen-doortotheoutsideworldisbasicallyformed.Jinanhasalreadyestablishedfriendshipcityrelationswith11countries12cities,suchasUS'sSacramentocity,Britain'scoventrycity,Japan'sWakayamacity,themountainpasscity,Canada'sLijiana,SouthKorea'sSuwon,PapuaNewGuinea'smetropolitanareaandRussia'ssummerLovestandardcity,Finland'sWanDacity,French'sWren,Australian'sJunDeleurPucity,besidesthat,jinanhasestablishedeconomicalintercoursewithmorethan140countriesandareasintheworld.濟南又是山東省的科學技術中心和教育文化中心，這里集中了山東科學院、山東社會科學院等一大批省屬科研機構及30多家市屬科研院所，科技人員集中。濟南市還集中了山東大學、山東師范大學、濟南大學、濟南職業(yè)學院等20多所部、省及市屬高等院校。JinanisalsoShandongProvince'scenterofscienceandtechnologyandeducationculturewhereconcentratestheShandongacademyofscience,theShandongAcademyofsocialscienceandtheotherlargequantitiesofprovincialscientificresearchinstitution,morethan30civicscientificresearchinstituteandmanyscientistsandengineers.AtthesameJinanhasconcentratedsuchasShandongUniversity,ShandongNormaluniversity,jinanUniversity,JinanTrainingcollegeandothers,morethan20ministerial,provincialandcivicsubordinatecollegesanduniversities.濟南市的城市建設突飛猛進，交通條件進一步改善。濟南火車站和濟南東客站，已于“八五”期間建成投入使用。城區(qū)道路交通建設發(fā)展迅速。新建、改建、擴建了一批交通主干線和高架橋。如：泉城路、經十路、經十東路、舜耕路、順河高架及北延工程、燕山立交橋和八一立交橋。城市綠化成績顯著，市區(qū)綠化覆蓋率超過30%，人居環(huán)境顯著改善。Jinan'surbanconstructionprogressesbyleapsandbounds,trafficconditionhasfurtherimprovement.JinanpassengerstationandJinaneasttrainstationhadalreadycompletedandbeenavailablein“85”period.Thecityroadtrafficconstructiondevelopmentisrapid.Newlybuilt,reconstruct,expandabatchofmaintransportationskeletonlinesandviaducts.Forexample:Quanchengroad,Jingshiroad,EastJingshiroad,ShunGengroad,ShunHeviaductandnorthextendproject,Yanshanmulti-levelcrossingbridgeandBaYimulti-levelcrossingbridges.Jinan'surbanafforestationresultisremarkable,theurbandistrictafforestationcoveragefractionsurpasses30%,environmentofforpeopletolivehasobviouslyimprovement.?濟南道路的命名thenamingoftheroad我們現(xiàn)在行走的路名叫經十路，細心的貴賓們可能已經發(fā)現(xiàn)了，濟南的道路命名非常有特色，是以經緯線來命名的。東西向的馬路稱為經路,南北向的馬路稱為緯路。大家只要記住濟南的經路緯路與地理上的經線緯線方向正好相反就可以了。TheroadwearewalkingoniscalledJingShiRoad.Attentiveguestsmayhavefoundthatthenameoftheroadsisveryunique.Itisbecausetheroadsarenamedforthelatitudeandlongitudelines.East-westroadsarecalledbyJingRoads,andnorth-southroadsareknownasWeiRoads.Weonlyrememberthenameoftheroadsistheoppositewiththelatitudeandlongitudelines.其實，濟南的道路命名基本上分為兩大區(qū)域。一是老城區(qū)街道。從西門至東門青龍橋為泉城路，從南門至大明湖北門，這一區(qū)域為濟南老城區(qū)，古代的政府衙門多位于此，名稱好多與官府有聯(lián)系，如省府前街、按察司街等。另外，泉水集中的地區(qū)，街道名稱好多與泉水有關，如芙蓉街以芙蓉泉而得名，趵突泉路因趵突泉而得名，黑虎泉路因黑虎泉而得名。二是經緯路，東西為經，南北為緯。經路從經一路由北至南依次排至經十一路，緯路從東至西，由緯一路排至緯十二路，這樣，外地游客來濟南不容易迷路。但是，濟南的經緯與地球上的經緯方向是相反的。這種道路命名方式有多種版本。我們和游客講解時都說跟韓復榘有關系。民國時期韓復榘曾任山東省政府主席，據(jù)說濟南經緯道路是他命名的。話說有一天，韓復榘坐在辦公室，一士兵進來報告說要給濟南道路命名，問怎么辦。韓復榘桌上正好有一個地球儀，他看了看地球儀，拍了拍自己的光腦門說，就用經緯線來起名吧，東西為經路，南北為緯路，就這樣一直延續(xù)了下來。大家都知道，韓復榘是一個大粗人，一介武夫，沒有文化，所以鬧出了很多笑話。象廣泛流傳的韓復榘觀看山東大學學生籃球賽，看到很多學生在搶一個籃球，就發(fā)出了回頭一人給買一個的命令等等。Infact,thenamingoftheroadsinJinanisbasicallydividedintotwoareas.Oneistheoldcitystreets.FromwestgatetotheeastgateofQingLongBridgeiscalledQuanChengRoad.BesidesfromthesouthgatetothenorthgateofDaMingLakeistheoldcityareaofJinan.Andtheancientgovernmentwasmostlyinthisplace.Sothenameoftheroadshadarelationshipwiththean