江西省上饒市民?？荚嚶?lián)盟2022-2023學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期階段測試(四)英語試卷（含聽力）

上饒市民?？荚嚶?lián)盟20222023學(xué)年下學(xué)期階段測試(四)高二英語試卷考試時(shí)間120分鐘試卷滿分150分注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號碼填寫清楚，將條形碼準(zhǔn)確粘貼在條形碼區(qū)域內(nèi)。2.答題時(shí)請按要求用筆。3.請按照題號順序在答題卡各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效;在草稿紙、試卷上答題無效。4.作圖可先使用鉛筆畫出，確定后必須用黑色字跡的簽字筆描黑。5.保持卡面清潔，不要折疊、不要弄破、弄皺，不準(zhǔn)使用涂改液、修正帶、刮紙刀。第Ⅰ卷第一部分：聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomansuggestdoing?A.Goingstraight. B.Turningaround. C.Drivingunderthebridge.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:We’renevergoingtomakeittothetheaterontime.Wewon’tgetthroughthislightforanotherfiveminutes.W:It’stoolatetoturnaround.Wecanturnrightanddriveunderthebridgeinstead.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatmightthemanbe?AAsinger. B.ATVactor. C.Amoviestar.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Youlookveryfamiliar.IthinkIknowyou.YouareinaTVseriesoramovie,aren’tyou?M:Haha,IwishIwas.Ithinkyouprobablysawmesingingatthelocalfestival.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】WhattypeofrecordisAmyreferringto?A.Asportsrecord. B.Agamerecord. C.Aneducationalrecord.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:IalmostbeatJulielasttime!I’vegottoworkharder!Ijusthavetosetanewrecord!M:It’sgoodtobepetitive,Amy.Butyoushouldprobablypaymoreattentioninclassthantothatgameonyourphone.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Doctorandpatient. B.Bossandsecretary. C.Teacherandparent.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Fiona?Canyoudomeafavorandreschedulethe11o’clockmeetingfortomorrowatthesametime?W:I’msorry,Mr.Miller.Thattimeisbooked,remember?Youhaveameetingwiththeheadmasterofyourson’sschool.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atanewspaperoffice. B.Atamovietheater. C.Atatelevisionstation.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Dave,Ineedsomeonetowriteastoryforthefrontpage.Ialsoneedsomeonetodoamoviereviewfortheentertainmentsectionbynoon.M:ButI’mjustasportswriter.W:Idon’tcarewhatyouwrite.Justgetitdoneontime!第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6Whatwillthewomanstudyatuniversity?A.Chemistry. B.Ecology. C.Biology.7.Whydidthemanchoosehismajor?A.Helikesfindingoutnewthings.B.Hewantstoteachaboutenvironment.C.Heenjoysbeinginaclassroom.【答案】6.C7.A【解析】【原文】M:Haveyoudecidedwhatyouwillstudyatuniversity?W:Yes!Atfirst,Icouldn’tchoosebetweenbiologyandecology.Iwantedtoteachpeopleabouttheenvironment,eitherasabiologyprofessororasanacademicresearcher.ButIrealizedI’dratherbeinaclassroomteachingstudents.So,whataboutyou?M:IchosechemistrybecauseIdefinitelywanttobeachemist.I’vealwayslovedscience,andI’llenjoybeinginalaboratory.It’llbeaninterestingcareer.Ihopetodiscoversomenewthingsabouttheworld!聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.Whatcolorshoesdoesthemanwant?A.Theblackandredones.B.Theyellowandblackones.C.Theblueandwhiteones.9.Whenwillthemanprobablygettheshoes?A.ThisFriday. B.Today. C.NextMonday.【答案】8.B9.A【解析】【原文】M:Excuseme.DoyouhavethenewAirJordan’sin?W:Yes,wejustgottheminthismorning,butwehaven’thadtimetodisplaythem.M:Whatcolorsdotheyein?W:Weonlycarrytheblackandredonesandtheblueandwhiteones.Whatareyoulookingfor?M:Iwanttheoneshe’swearinginthatposter.Ourbasketballteam’snameisTheBees,soIwanttheyellowandblackonestomatchouruniform.TherewillbeapetitionnextMonday.It’sonlyfivedaysaway.W:That’sacoolnameforateam.Unfortunately,wecan’tgetthemuntilthisFriday.Andtheyaredefinitelygoingtobemoreexpensive.M:Idon’tcare,aslongasIgetthem.W:Well,I’llseewhatIcando.Youmightgetlucky.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】10.Howdoesthewomansoundatfirst?A.Excited. B.Confused. C.Bored.11.Whatistheman’srole?A.Ateamleader. B.Apanyowner. C.Adepartmentmanager.12.Whatdothespeakersfinallyagreeon?A.petingforarole. B.Keepingtheteamtogether. C.Buildinganewteam.【答案】10.B11.A12.B【解析】【原文】M:I’mgoingtoholdameetingduringlunchtoday.It’llbeatnooninRoom33.Youdon’thavetoattend,butitwillbebetterifyoudo.AndyandCareywillalsobethere.W:What’sitabout,Sam?Whyareyoutalkinglikeit’sasecret?M:Don’ttellanyone,but…Iheardthatsomechangesareingtoourdepartment.W:Likewhat?M:Well,we’regettinganewmanager,foronething.W:Oh.Isthatwhyyouwanttomeetwithourteam?M:Yes.Ihavesomeideasabouthowwecanimpressthenewboss.Maybewecangetourselvesnoticed.Attheveryleast,I’dliketokeepthesameteam.I’vebeenyourprojectleaderforthreeyears,andwe’vedonesomegoodworkduringthattime.W:You’reright.I’llbeatthemeeting.Peoplearesopetitiveinthispany.Weneedtosticktogether.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】13.Whomightthewomanbe?A.Adoctor. B.Areporter. C.Astaffmemberofacollege.14.Whathappenedtothemanfouryearsago?A.HewasastudentatSinaiMedicalCollege.B.HeshowedinterestinworkingatSinaiMedicalCollege.C.HebecamethedirectoratColumbiaUniversity.15.Wherewillthemangiveaspeech?A.Inahospital. B.Inatelevisionstudio. C.Inalecturehall.16.Whattopicwilltheman’sspeechbeabout?A.EasternandWesternmedicine.B.Medicalcareers.C.Cancerresearch.【答案】13.C14.B15.C16.A【解析】【原文】W:Goodafternoon,Dr.Oz!Thankyouforingallthewayhere.Iimagineyouhaveaverybusyschedule,betweenyourtelevisionshowandtheclassesyouteach.Pleasesitdown!M:Thankyouverymuch.W:Iwon’ttakemuchofyourtime,butIwantedtoaskyouafavor.M:Whatisit?W:WouldyoubewillingtogivealecturetosomeofourstudentshereatSinaiMedicalCollege?IrememberyouwereinterestedinteachingclassesherefouryearsagoM:Sure,I’dbegladto.W:Really?Great!I’llreservethebiggestlecturehallthatwehaveIt’smuchbiggerthanthisone.Doesthe5thofFebruaryworkforyou?M:Yes,that’sfine.W:Good.Iknowyou’rethedirectorofcancerresearchatColumbiaUniversity,butIwasthinkingaboutanothersubjectforthetalk.M:Well,whatdidyouhaveinmind?W:We’restartingtoofferclassesonunmonmedicalpractice.Iknowthisisalsoaninterestofyours.WouldyoubewillingtogivealectureondifferentapproachesofWesternandEasternmedicine?M:Thatsoundsgreat!聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】17.Howmanyapartmentbuildingswillhavebusinessesatthebottom?A.Seven. B.Five. C.Three.18.Whyisthebluelineclosed?A.It’sindangerfromtheingstorm.B.It’sgettingrepaired.C.It’sflooded.19.Whatisunusualabouttheresultofthevote?A.Thetopplayerwon.B.Threedifferentplayerswonfirstplace.C.Oneplayerwonthetopthree.20.Whenwillthetemperaturedrop?A.OnFriday. B.OnSunday. C.OnSaturday.【答案】17.A18.C19.C20.B【解析】【原文】Goodafternoon,thisisAlicePicardwiththehourlynewsupdate.Cityofficialshaveapprovedtheconstructionoffifteennewapartmentbuildingsforthisyear.Fiveofthemwillbeforlowinefamilies.Threeofthemwillbehighclassapartments,andtherestwillbesmallerapartmentbuildingsthathavebusinessesatthebottom.Inothernews,thebluesubwaylineisclosedtoday.Toomuchwaterfromlastnight’sheavyrainsgotin,andrightnowthetracksareunderwater.PleasecheckthemapsatthestationsorontheInternetforotherroutes.Inthesportsworld,millionsofsoccerfanshavefinallypickedaclearwinnerforBestGoaloftheYear.Whatissurprisingabouttheouteisn’tthatMessiisthewinner—it’sthathewonthetopthree!Finally,wehavetheweatherreport.Itwillcontinuetobewarminthe70suntiltheweekend.FridayandSaturdaywillheatuptothe90s,followedbyamuchcoolerSundaywithahighof65.I’mAlicePicard,andthanksforlistening.Makesuretowatchagaininthiseveningat8:00forthefullnewsreport.第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題分，滿分分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A,B,C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ASwitzerland,asthefirstplaceinEuropetodevelopwintertourism,hasalongskiingtradition.Alongskiseason,terrificsnowconditions,andlarge,welldevelopedresortareasmakeSwitzerlandaperfectdestinationforskiersfromaroundtheworld.WheretoSkiasaBeginnerSaasFee:YoucanfindplentyofEnglishspeakingskischoolsinSaasFeeandlotsofbunnyslopes(初學(xué)者滑雪道)onwhichtomasteryourturns.Thebeginnerskiareaisseparate,soyoucanpracticewithoutgettinginthewayofotherskiers.Grindelwald:Grindelwaldisagreatchoiceforfamilies,withplentyofskischoolsandseveralbunnyslopes,suchastheBodmipracticearea,whichisfitforchildren.Onceyou’rereadytoheadupthemountain,about30percentofGrindelwald’srunsareratedblue,meaningthey’reontheeasierside.SummerSkiingIncredibleasitmayseem,it’sactuallypossibletoskiinSwitzerlandduringthesummermonthsthankstothepresenceofseveralglacierswhereit’swinteryearround.ZermattishometotheTheodulglacier(冰川).With13miles(21kilometers)ofruns,it’sthelargestsummerskiareainEuropeandattractsprofessionalskierslookingtotrainyearround.TheglacierslopesherearebeautifullyscenicandofferskiersupcloseviewsoftheMatterhorn.BudgetTravelTipsAvoidpeakseason:Visitduringthestartorendoftheskiseason.Selfcater:Ifyourentasmallapartmentorhomewithkitchenfacilities,youcanpreparesomeofyourownmealstosavediningexpenses.Enjoythesnowwithoutskiingeveryday:Iceskating,tobogganing(乘坐平底雪橇),winterhiking,orjusthavingasnowballfightareallmoreaffordablewaystoenjoytheSwisswinterlandscape.21.WhatmakesSwitzerlandaperfectdestinationforskiers?A.Beingthefirstwintertouristdestination. B.Havingthelongestskiingtradition.C.Thesupportofskiersfromtheworld. D.Superbnaturalconditionsandacmodations.22.WhichgroupwillbeinterestedinGrindelwald?A.Professionalathletes. B.Summerskiers.C.Familytourists. D.Budgettravelers.23.Wherewillskiersgoforsummerskiing?A.SaasFee. B.Bodmi. C.Zermatt. D.Matterhorn.【答案】21.D22.C23.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。介紹了瑞士作為滑雪勝地的優(yōu)勢、初學(xué)者和夏季滑雪推薦地。使讀者了解瑞士滑雪旅行的相關(guān)知識，感受當(dāng)?shù)鼗┰O(shè)施的人性化設(shè)計(jì)，感悟大自然對人類的饋贈。【21題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Alongskiseason,terrificsnowconditions,andlarge,welldevelopedresortareasmakeSwitzerlandaperfectdestinationforskiersfromaroundtheworld.(漫長的滑雪季節(jié)，極好的雪景，以及大片發(fā)達(dá)的度假區(qū)，使瑞士成為世界各地滑雪者的理想目的地)”可知，一流的自然氣候條件和設(shè)施良好的度假區(qū)食宿條件使得瑞士成為滑雪愛好者的理想目的地。故選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Grindelwald部分“Grindelwaldisagreatchoiceforfamilies,withplentyofskischoolsandseveralbunnyslopes,suchastheBodmipracticearea,whichisfitforchildren.(Grindelwald是家庭滑雪的好選擇，這里有很多滑雪學(xué)校和幾個(gè)小斜坡，比如博德米練習(xí)弧，很適合孩子們)”可知，Grindelwald是全家出動滑雪的好選擇，這里有很多滑雪學(xué)校和初學(xué)者滑雪道，以及適合兒童的Bodmi練習(xí)區(qū)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SummerSkiing部分“Incredibleasitmayseem,it’sactuallypossibletoskiinSwitzerlandduringthesummermonthsthankstothepresenceofseveralglacierswhereit’swinteryearround.ZermattishometotheTheodulglacier(冰川).With13miles(21kilometers)ofruns,it’sthelargestsummerskiareainEuropeandattractsprofessionalskierslookingtotrainyearround.(盡管這看起來不可思議，但由于瑞士有幾座冰川，那里全年都是冬天，所以在夏季的幾個(gè)月里實(shí)際上是可以滑雪的。Zermatt是Theodul冰川的所在地。它有13英里(21公里)的雪道，是歐洲最大的夏季滑雪場，吸引了想要全年訓(xùn)練的專業(yè)滑雪者)”可知，Zermatt是Theodul冰川的所在地，是歐洲最大的夏季滑雪場，是夏季滑雪的好去處。故選C項(xiàng)。BGrowingupinHavana,Cuba,MarioGarciawasawellknownchildactor.Hewasabout10yearsoldthefirsttimeheeversteppedontheset.Itbeganwithachanceencounter.MariohadbeensittingonabenchoutsideastudioinHavana,waitingwhilehisfatherandhisbandwereperforming.Suddenly,someoneapproachedhimandsaid,“Wearetryingtotestforthismercial.”Sohegotupandhadanaudition(試境).Evenwithnoactingexperience,itquicklyfeltlikeanaturalcareerpath.Fromthemercial,hewentontobeonTVseriesandamovieandallthat.Butarevolutioncameandinitswake,hiscareerwasbrokenoff.Mariowas15whenhehadtoflytoAmericaasarefugee(難民).HelandedinMiami,wherehewenttolivewithhisauntandunclewhilehisparentsstayedinCuba.TheyjoinedhiminMiamiaboutayearlater.Marioclearlyrecalledthedayheleft:Feb.28,1962.HewasinhighschoolthatfirstyearinFlorida.Itwasachallengelivinginaforeigncountrywithnolanguage,noparentsandgoingtoschool.Hehadtogofrombeinganactortobeingawaiter.Healwayswenttoanalleybehindtherestaurantandsatonawoodenboxanddriedthetearswithhisapron.ButMario’soptimismneverfailedhim.HewentontoearnhisPh.D.inSpanishlanguageandliteraturefromtheUniversityofMiami.HecurrentlyteachesjournalismatColumbiaUniversity.Still,hesaid,“I’mnotgivingupongettingagoodpartinamovie.”Mario’slatestactingjobwasasanextrainthenewmusicaldramafilmIntheHeights.Hecontinuestoauditionfornewroles.24.WhatdoweknowaboutMario’searlyactingcareer?A.Ithadsomethingtodowithgoodluck. B.Itarosefromhispassionforacting.C.Itdidn’tarousehisinterestinartatall. D.Itwasdrivenbyhisurgetoachievefame.25.WhathappenedtoMarioonFebruary28,1962?A.Heinvolvedhimselfinarevolution. B.HefailedtojoinhisfamilyinMiami.C.Hegaveuphisactingcareerpletely. D.HehadtostartanewlifeinAmerica.26.WhatcanbelearnedaboutMario’sfirstyearinFlorida?A.Itwasfullofstoriesbutinteresting. B.Itwaspainfulbutendedinsuccess.C.ItwashardandchallengingforMario. D.ItwasablowtoMarioandhisfamily.27.WhatmessagedoesMario’sstorymainlyconvey?A.Upsanddownsmakeonestrong. B.Anoptimisticmancanstickitout.C.Fameisagreatthirstoftheyoung. D.Experiencehelpstopromoteexcellence.【答案】24.A25.D26.C27.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述的是一位明星馬里奧·加西亞，偶然獲得一次試鏡機(jī)會開啟演藝生涯的故事，在這個(gè)過程中他經(jīng)歷了很多艱難困苦，但樂觀的馬里奧沒有被打敗并獲得了成功。【24題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Hewasabout10yearsoldthefirsttimeheeversteppedontheset.Itbeganwithachanceencounter.(他第一次踏上片場大約是在10歲的時(shí)候。一切始于一次偶然的相遇。)”和第二段“Suddenly,someoneapproachedhimandsaid,“Wearetryingtotestforthismercial.”Sohegotupandhadanaudition(試境).Evenwithnoactingexperience,itquicklyfeltlikeanaturalcareerpath.Fromthemercial,hewentontobeonTVseriesandamovieandallthat.(突然，有人走近他說：“我們正在試拍這個(gè)廣告?！庇谑撬鹕砣ピ囩R。即使沒有任何表演經(jīng)驗(yàn)，我也很快覺得這是一條很自然的職業(yè)道路。從廣告開始，他又出演了電視劇和電影等等。)”可知，馬里奧在毫無經(jīng)驗(yàn)時(shí)，偶然獲得了一個(gè)試鏡機(jī)會，開啟了他的職業(yè)生涯，由此可知，馬里奧早期的演藝生涯是有點(diǎn)好運(yùn)的。故選A。【25題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Marioclearlyrecalledthedayheleft:Feb.28,1962.HewasinhighschoolthatfirstyearinFlorida.Itwasachallengelivinginaforeigncountrywithnolanguage,noparentsandgoingtoschool.(馬里奧清楚地記得他離開的那一天：1962年2月28日。他在佛羅里達(dá)讀高中的第一年。生活在異國他鄉(xiāng)，沒有語言，沒有父母，還要上學(xué)，這是一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)。)”可知，馬里奧在1962年2月28日這一天要開始獨(dú)立在美國開始新生活，故選D?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“HewasinhighschoolthatfirstyearinFlorida.Itwasachallengelivinginaforeigncountrywithnolanguage,noparentsandgoingtoschool.Hehadtogofrombeinganactortobeingawaiter.Healwayswenttoanalleybehindtherestaurantandsatonawoodenboxanddriedthetearswithhisapron.(他在佛羅里達(dá)讀高中的第一年。生活在異國他鄉(xiāng)，沒有語言，沒有父母，還要上學(xué)，這是一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)。他不得不從一個(gè)演員變成一個(gè)服務(wù)員。他總是走到餐館后面的一條巷子里，坐在一個(gè)木箱子上，用圍裙擦干眼淚。)”可知，在美國第一年的生活對馬里奧來說非常困難且具有挑戰(zhàn)性。故選C?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“ButMario’soptimismneverfailedhim.HewentontoearnhisPh.D.inSpanishlanguageandliteraturefromtheUniversityofMiami.(但馬里奧的樂觀從未將他打敗。后來，他在邁阿密大學(xué)獲得了西班牙語和文學(xué)博士學(xué)位。)”可知，樂觀的馬里奧在非常困難且具有挑戰(zhàn)性的情況下可以堅(jiān)持并取得成功，由此可知，馬里奧的故事主要傳達(dá)了一個(gè)道理：樂觀的人能堅(jiān)持到底。故選B。CForyearsdoctorshavegivenbloodtopatientswhoneedittosurvive.Thesetransfusionsusuallyincludegivingredbloodcellstopatients.Bloodtransfusionsaren’tassimpleastakingbloodfromonepersonandgivingittosomeoneelse.There’reseveraldifferentbloodtypesthatdon’tallmixwell.Ifsomeonegetsatransfusionofthewrongkindofblood,theirbodywillrejectthebloodcells,causingproblems.Forthefirsttimeever,scientistsfromtheUniversityofBristol,Britain,arecarryingoutanewtrail:testingredbloodcellsgrowninalaboratoryonhumanvolunteers.Thescientistshaveusedstemcells(干細(xì)胞)fromabloodsampletogrowbillionsofbrandnewredbloodcells.Thiscouldbeevenbetterthanaregularbloodtransfusion.Foronething,theycanbeadjustedforpeoplewithdifferentbloodtypes.That’llbeextremelyhelpfulforpeoplewithrarebloodtypes.Also,anormaltransfusionhasredbloodcellsofalldifferentages,whichmeansonlyasmallpartofthemarebrandnew.Theredbloodcellsgrowninthelabarebrandnew,andthismeanstheylastlongerandthatpatientswillneedfewertransfusions.Totestitssafety,researchershavegivenacoupleofteaspoonsofthebloodtotwohealthypeople,bothofwhomseemtobedoingjustfineafterthetransfusions.Inall,they’llbetestedon10people,andparedtonormaltransfusions.Thenewprocessdoesn’tindicatethatnormalbloodtransfusionswilldisappear.Meanwhile,growingredbloodcellsinalabisextremelyexpensive.Andalotofworkandtestingstillneedtobedone.Butifit’ssuccessful,theprocesscouldmakelifemucheasierforpatientswhooftenneedtransfusions—eventhosewithrarebloodtypes.28.Whyarethescientistscarryingouttheresearch?A.Thebloodreserveisnotadequate.B.Normalbloodtransfusionsareoutofdate.C.Moreandmorepeopleneedbloodtransfusions.D.Theywanttofindanewtrailofbloodtransfusions.29.What’stheadvantagesofthebrandnewredbloodcellsgrowninthelab?A.Theysuitthepatientsofalldifferentages.B.Theyhaveredbloodcellsfromdifferentraces.C.Theyareeffectivetothepatientsforalongerterm.D.Itisextremelyeconomicalandmakeslifemucheasier.30.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Theresearchstillhasalongwaytogo.B.Normalbloodtransfusionswilldisappearsoon.C.Tenpeoplehavereceivedthelabgrownbrandnewblood.D.Thebrandnewbloodisn’tfitforthosewithrarebloodtypes.31.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Thetestoflabgrownblood. B.parisonoftwobloodtransfusions.C.Anappealforrareblooddonation. D.Theexpenseofbloodtransfusions.【答案】28.D29.C30.A31.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹的是一種新的給患者輸血的方式，即給患者提供紅細(xì)胞，這種輸血方式一旦成功，將會使得經(jīng)常輸血的患者，即使是那些具有稀有血型的患者的生活變的輕松?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Bloodtransfusionsaren’tassimpleastakingbloodfromonepersonandgivingittosomeoneelse.There’reseveraldifferentbloodtypesthatdon’tallmixwell.Ifsomeonegetsatransfusionofthewrongkindofblood,theirbodywillrejectthebloodcells,causingproblems.Forthefirsttimeever,scientistsfromtheUniversityofBristol,Britain,arecarryingoutanewtrail:testingredbloodcellsgrowninalaboratoryonhumanvolunteers.Thescientistshaveusedstemcells(干細(xì)胞)fromabloodsampletogrowbillionsofbrandnewredbloodcells.(輸血并不像從一個(gè)人身上取血給另一個(gè)人那么簡單。有幾種不同的血型并不能很好地混合在一起。如果有人輸錯(cuò)了血，他們的身體就會排斥血細(xì)胞，造成問題。英國布里斯托爾大學(xué)的科學(xué)家們首次進(jìn)行了一項(xiàng)新的試驗(yàn):測試在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里培養(yǎng)的人類志愿者的紅細(xì)胞?？茖W(xué)家們利用血液樣本中的干細(xì)胞培育出數(shù)十億個(gè)全新的紅細(xì)胞)”可知，輸血并不像想象的那么簡單，且不同血型不能很好的混合，輸錯(cuò)了血可能造成問題。由此推知，科學(xué)家進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)的目的是找到一種新的輸血方式——紅細(xì)胞輸血，以避免這些問題。故選D。【29題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Theredbloodcellsgrowninthelabarebrandnew,andthismeanstheylastlongerandthatpatientswillneedfewertransfusions.(在實(shí)驗(yàn)室中生長的紅細(xì)胞是全新的，這意味著它們的持續(xù)時(shí)間更長，患者需要的輸血更少)”可知，在實(shí)驗(yàn)室中的紅細(xì)胞的優(yōu)勢是它們是全新的，因此對患者有效的時(shí)間更長。故選C?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Andalotofworkandtestingstillneedtobedone.(還有很多工作和測試需要完成)”可知，該研究還有很長的路要走。故選A?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)首段中的“Foryears,doctorshavegivenbloodtopatientswhoneedittosurvive.Thesetransfusionsusuallyincludegivingredbloodcellstopatients.(多年來，醫(yī)生一直為需要血液生存的患者提供血液。這些輸血通常包括給患者提供紅細(xì)胞)”以及第二段中的“Forthefirsttimeever,scientistsfromtheUniversityofBristol,Britain,arecarryingoutanewtrail:testingredbloodcellsgrowninalaboratoryonhumanvolunteers.Thescientistshaveusedstemcells(干細(xì)胞)fromabloodsampletogrowbillionsofbrandnewredbloodcells.(英國布里斯托大學(xué)的科學(xué)家有史以來第一次在人類志愿者身上測試實(shí)驗(yàn)室中生長的紅細(xì)胞?？茖W(xué)家們使用來自血液樣本的干細(xì)胞來培養(yǎng)數(shù)十億個(gè)全新的紅細(xì)胞)”可知，本文主要講述的是科學(xué)家在實(shí)驗(yàn)室研發(fā)的一種紅細(xì)胞輸血方式。由此可知，Thetestoflabgrownblood.(實(shí)驗(yàn)室培育的血液測試)適合作本文最佳標(biāo)題。故選A。DHaveyoueverreadbacksomethingyou’vewrittenandfeltlikeit’snotquiteasstrongasyou’dlike?Onepossiblereasonisthatyouoverusecrutchwords(拐杖詞).So,whatarecrutchwords?Crutchwordsarewordsaspeakerorawriteruseswithoutknowingit.Theyareusuallynotneededanddon’taddtothestory.Ifsomeoneisspeaking,you’llrecognizeacrutchwordasapause,orifthespeakeruses“um”or“ah”alot.Crutchwordsintheconversationalsoincludefavoritewordsandphrases,suchas“youknow”,“anyway”,“just”,“allright”and“l(fā)ike”.Theyonlygivethespeakertimetothinkbeforetheymoveontothenextidea.Forwriters,crutchwordsoperateinmuchthesameway,butinsteadofapause,they’refillerwordsweusebecausewehaven’tthoughtthesentencethroughenough.They’rewordsthatareeasy.Theyflownaturallyintothespacethatcouldeasilybeoccupiedbyaslightrewritingofasentenceoradifferentwordchoice.Nowthatyouknowwhatcrutchwordsare,thequestionishowyoucangetridofthem.It’snotalwayseasytonoticeyourownwritingquirks(怪癖),soitmighttakeabitofhardworktofindwhatyoursare.Thenexttimeyousitdowntoreadoveryourwriting,lookcarefullyforrepeatedwordsorphrases.Markthemsothey’reeasytofindlater.Lookatbothanoldandanewpieceofwritingandparethetwo.Aretherephrasesorwordsyouusealotthataremontoboth?Ifyes,thenyou’vefoundyourcrutchwords.Onceyou’veknownyourcrutchwords,they’reeasytocutoutlater.Butdon’tbeafraidifyoufindtheminyourfirstdraft.Eliminatingthosewordsisexactlywhatrevisionisfor.32.Whatmightanarticlewithtoomanycrutchwordsbelike?A.Formal. B.Weak. C.Quality. D.Easy.33.Whichstatementwilltheauthorprobablyagreewith?A.Crutchwordsarenormallyunnecessary.BCrutchwordsareunavoidable.C.Crutchwordsgivewriterstimetothink.D.Crutchwordsgivewritersdifferentwordchoices.34.Whatdoestheauthorthinkaboutfindingcrutchwords?A.It’sstrange. B.It’sinteresting.C.It’squestionable. D.It’sabitdifficult.35.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“Eliminating”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Returning. B.Removing.C.Recording. D.Remembering.【答案】32.B33.A34.D35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了什么是“拐杖詞”，如何發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的“拐杖詞”，以及如何克服它們?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段前兩句“Haveyoueverreadbacksomethingyou’vewrittenandfeltlikeit’snotquiteasstrongasyou’dlike?Onepossiblereasonisthatyouoverusecrutchwords(拐杖詞).(你是否曾經(jīng)讀過自己寫過的東西，卻覺得它沒有你想要的那么強(qiáng)烈？一個(gè)可能的原因是你過度使用了一些拐杖詞)”可知，一篇有很多拐杖詞的文章會讓人感覺沒有那么強(qiáng)烈，缺少說服力。故選B?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段前兩句“Crutchwordsarewordsaspeakerorawriteruseswithoutknowingit.Theyareusuallynotneededanddon’taddtothestory.(拐杖詞是說話者或作家在不自知的情況下使用的詞。它們通常是不需要的，也不會增加故事的內(nèi)容)”可知，拐杖詞通常是不必要的。故選A?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第二句“It’snotalwayseasytonoticeyourownwritingquirks(怪癖),soitmighttakeabitofhardworktofindwhatyoursare.(注意到你自己的寫作怪癖并不總是那么容易，所以可能需要一點(diǎn)努力才能發(fā)現(xiàn)你的寫作怪癖是什么)”可知，注意到自己的寫作怪癖——用拐杖詞——并不容易。故選D。【35題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段“Onceyou’veknownyourcrutchwords,they’reeasytocutoutlater.Butdon’tbeafraidifyoufindtheminyourfirstdraft.Eliminatingthosewordsisexactlywhatrevisionisfor.(一旦你知道了自己的拐杖詞，以后就很容易把它們刪掉。但如果你在初稿中發(fā)現(xiàn)了它們，也不要害怕。eliminating這些詞正是修訂的目的)”可知，劃線詞同“cutoff”為同義詞，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)了拐杖詞就要刪除它們，刪除它們正是修訂寫作內(nèi)容的目的。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題分，滿分分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Harvestingfruitsisaverydemandingjob.Ifpickersarenotavailable,fruitswillrotonthetrees.Butwithpickersinshortsupplyinrecentyears,growersneededtoquicklyfindanotherwaytoharvesttheirfruits.____36____AnIsraelipanyTevelhasdevelopedtheseflyingautonomousrobots.Therobotsflyoveratreeandpickfruitswithitsarms.TheyarefittedwithcamerasthatuseAItoassessthesizeandcolorofthefruit.____37____Inaddition,theycancollectmorefruitsthanapickerduringagiventime.____38____Theflyingrobotsareconnectedtoaplatformthatactsasthepowersourcesothattheyneverrunoutofpower.Theywillworkalldayandnightinanyweatherwithouttakingabreak.Dozensofthesesmartrobotscanbeusedacrossanorchard(果園)duringthetimewhenthefruitisreadytobeharvested.Thefarmersjustneedtotellthepanyhowmanyflyingrobotstheyneedandhowlongtheywilluse.____39____TherobotsarcnowpickingpearsinIsrael.Thepanyalsoplanstoaddmoretaskstotherobot’sfunction.____40____Inthefuture,fewerpeoplewillworkinpickingandmorepeoplewillworkinmanagingtherobots,analyzingthedataandmakingdecisions.A.Soonlytheripeonesarecollected.BNowanewtypeofrobotcanetotheirhelp.C.Findingfruitpickersisfarmers’biggestconcern.D.Theycanreceivetimelyinformationfromtherobots.E.Anotheradvantageoftherobotsisthattheyneverfeeltired.F.Thenthepanywilltransporttherobotstotheirorchards.G.Forexample,theycanbeusedtocutoffbranchesandwaterfruits.【答案】36.B37.A38.E39.F40.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹以色列的Tevel公司開發(fā)了可以幫助果農(nóng)采摘水果的自動飛行機(jī)器人?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Harvestingfruitsisaverydemandingjob.Ifpickersarenotavailable,fruitswillrotonthetrees.Butwithpickersinshortsupplyinrecentyears,growersneededtoquicklyfindanotherwaytoharvesttheirfruits.(收獲水果是一項(xiàng)要求很高的工作。如果沒有采摘機(jī)，水果會爛在樹上。但由于近年來采摘者供不應(yīng)求，種植者需要迅速找到另一種收獲水果的方法。)”和下文“AnIsraelipanyTevelhasdevelopedtheseflyingautonomousrobots.(以色列的一家公司Tevel開發(fā)了這些自動飛行機(jī)器人。)”可知，文章接下來要介紹一種可以幫助農(nóng)民采摘水果的機(jī)器人。選項(xiàng)B“現(xiàn)在，一種新型機(jī)器人可以幫助他們?！焙蜕舷挛囊馑家恢隆９蔬xB?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Therobotsflyoveratreeandpickfruitswithitsarms.TheyarefittedwithcamerasthatuseAItoassessthesizeandcolorofthefruit.(機(jī)器人飛過一棵樹，用手臂摘水果。他們安裝了攝像頭，使用AI來評估水果的大小和顏色。)”可知，這里說明機(jī)器人要采摘什么樣的水果。選項(xiàng)A“所以只收集成熟的?！焙蜕衔囊馑家恢?。故選A?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Theflyingrobotsareconnectedtoaplatformthatactsasthepowersourcesothattheyneverrunoutofpower.Theywillworkalldayandnightinanyweatherwithouttakingabreak.(飛行機(jī)器人連接到一個(gè)平臺上，該平臺充當(dāng)電源，因此它們永遠(yuǎn)不會耗盡電力。他們將在任何天氣下沒日沒夜地工作，不休息。)”可知，這一段講述機(jī)器人不會感到累。選項(xiàng)E“機(jī)器人的另一個(gè)優(yōu)點(diǎn)是它們從不感到疲勞?！焙拖挛囊馑家恢?。故選E?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Dozensofthesesmartrobotscanbeusedacrossanorchard(果園)duringthetimewhenthefruitisreadytobeharvested.Thefarmersjustneedtotellthepanyhowmanyflyingrobotstheyneedandhowlongtheywilluse.(幾十個(gè)這