2023學年完整公開課版介詞

介詞介詞知識網(wǎng)絡概念：介詞是一種虛詞，不能單獨使用，必須用在名詞、代詞、動名詞，或what等引導的賓語從句前面，并與之一起構成介詞短語，在句中做定語、狀語、補語和表語。介詞分類按結(jié)構分簡單介詞：as,by,for,in,on,at,of,with,lie,during,until,before合成介詞：into,onto,inside,outside,within,without重疊介詞：frombehind,fromamong,untilafter分詞介詞：concerning,regarding,respecting關于，至于，considering考慮到，including按結(jié)構分至于，關于asfor,asto;多達u除之外a,asidefrom在之前aheadof,不管regardlessof而不，不是insteadof,ratherthan與一起alongwith,togetherwith短語介詞介詞分類介詞分類按意義分表時間at,in,on,for,during,after,before,until,till,since,from,to表地方：at,in,on,for,to,towards,along,above,below,over,under,beside表進行：beatwor,beonfire,beunderconstruction表原因：for,at,astheresultof介詞分類按意義分大約about,round,around;超過overEarnhislivingbywriting,paybycheque,gobybuscutitwithanife,translatewithadictionaryachievesuccessthroughhardwor,learnthrougheperienceSpeainEnglish,writeinin,sayitinafewwords表方法表數(shù)量表程度increaseby10%,reducesthhalf,beoverchargedby￡3介詞考點考法填空Thistrend,____amethodof…;eat____theirhands常見介詞的一般用法eforthemsawatoyonashopwindow改錯aswithwithin介詞考點考法詞組或習慣搭配中的介詞動詞介詞：dreamof/about,searchfor,leavefor,focuson動詞副詞介詞：gobacto,datebacto,getalongwithbe分詞/形容詞介詞：bedevotedto,bebasedon,beawareof介詞the名詞介詞：inthemiddleof,withthehelentof名詞介詞：adegreein,timefor,connectionwith/to,reasonfor介詞名詞：atthesametime,asaresult,inahurry,forawhile介詞考點考法Theyhavealsoboughtforsomegardeningtools刪除for詞組或習慣搭配中的介詞短語介詞：netto,outof,farfrom動詞名詞介詞：taeaeuseof動詞冠詞名詞介詞：,remindsbof其他：more/less…than,from…to,toandfrom及物動詞后多用介詞顧真題回一、語法填空在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~。12018全國Ⅲ卷Iwassearching____thesethreewesternlowlandgorillasI’dbeenobserving因searchfor為固定搭配，意為“搜尋”。for22017全國Ⅰ卷Thistrend,whichwasstartedbythemedicalcommunity醫(yī)學界____amethodoffightingheartdisease,hashadsomeunintendedsideeffects…表示“作為”一種方法。as32017全國Ⅱ卷…andallowedpeopletoavoidterriblecrowdsontheroadsaboveastheytravelledtoand______wor因toandfrom是固定搭配，表示“往返，來回”，toandfromwor意為“上下班”。from42017全國Ⅲ卷Afterschoolsheodelfull-timebeforegoingtouniversitytogetadegree____engineeringorarchitecture表示“某方面的學位”用介詞in。又如：tae/getadegreeinlaw獲得法律學位。52016全國Ⅰ卷ButmyconnectionwithydaysonaTVshowinthemid-1980s…因gobacto追溯到為固定搭配。into62016全國Ⅱ卷Mostofusaremorefocused_____ourtassinthemorningthanwearelaterintheday因befocusedon集中精力于是固定搭配。72016全國Ⅲ卷InIndia,foreamostpeopletraditionallyeat______theirhands表示“用”應用介詞with。onwith82015全國Ⅰ卷ForthosewhoflytoGuilin,it’sonlyanhouraway_____carandoffersallthesceneryofthebetter-nowncity指乘車一個小時的路程。表示交通方式的“乘；坐”用介詞by。又如：byboat/bus/car/plane乘船/公共汽車/小汽車/飛機，byair/land/sea航空/陸路/航海。by92015全國Ⅱ卷…___thesametime,theywarmuetime同時是固定詞組。102014全國Ⅱ卷Whenthebusfinallycame,weallhurriedonboardIgotaplacenet____thewindow,soIhadagoodviewofthesidewal因名詞thewindow在句中不作主語、表語，也不作動詞的賓語，很可能就是作介詞的賓語；netto意為“在……的旁邊；挨著……”，故填to。atto二、短文改錯12018全國Ⅰ卷AttheendofourtriyfatherthatIplannedtoreturnforeverytwoyears,andheagreed在today,yesterday,tomorrow,lastSunday,netmonth,thiswee,thatyear,everyday,everytwoyears等之類的時間狀語前，習慣上不用介詞。32017全國Ⅰ卷ItwasareliefandIcametoasuddenstoiddleontheroad根據(jù)固定短語inthemiddleof…“在……的中間”可知要把on改成of。of22018全國Ⅱ卷StillIwasunwillingtoesforthemsometimeswith因eswithsb為固定搭配，意為“和某人一起玩游戲”。42017全國Ⅱ卷Theyhavealsoboughtforsomegardeningtools“買……東西”直接用bought,介詞for是多余的。52017全國Ⅲ卷WhenIlooatthisyself,Irealieofhowfasttimeflies由語境可知，“我”意識到時間飛逝。realie后接從句，of多余。62016全國Ⅰ卷Myunclesaysthatheneverdreamsbecomingrichinashorte因dreamofdoingsth為固定搭配，意為“渴望、夢想做某事”。72016全國Ⅲ卷NowIamleavinghometocollege因leave…for…離開……去……為固定搭配。offor82015全國Ⅰ卷Unfortunately,onthedeveloenthasbeenpolluted表示“隨著”用with。另外，withthedevelopmentof隨著……的發(fā)展可作為固定詞組來記。with92015全國Ⅱ卷Tonysawatoyonashouch根據(jù)常識，玩具應在櫥窗里面，故用in。102014全國Ⅰ卷Nearlyfiveyearsago,andwiththehelysisterandIecherrytomatoesinourbacgarden固定詞組:withthehelpofsb在某人的幫助下。inof112014全國Ⅱ卷Therefore,wehavemoretimewithafter-schoolactivities表示有時間做某事，或有做某事的時間，time后接for或todo。又如：Idon’thavemoretimeforreading/toread我沒有更多的時間來閱讀。122014全國Ⅱ卷Wecanlieonthegrassforarest,orsitbythelaelisteningmusic表示“聽”什么，要用listento,這是固定詞組。forto132013全國Ⅰ卷Hewastall,withbroadshouldersandabeardthatturnedfromblactowardsgrayovertheyears固定詞組:turnfrom…to/into從…變?yōu)椤?42013全國Ⅱ卷ThebooI’mreadingoftalsaboutafternoonteainBritain因“看書”是readtheboo，不用of。to/into析考情分考情：從最近的五年高考來看，介詞是每年必考的，且主要考查了以下幾個方面：1常用介詞的基本用法。如：with用；as作為；by乘坐；in在……里；for時間段2及物動詞本身可直接接賓語，但在短文改錯中卻多用了介詞。如：將buysth寫成buyforsth2017·Ⅱ卷將realie寫成realieof2017·Ⅲ卷將lendsbsth寫成lendtosbsth2011·Ⅰ卷3.固定搭配中的介詞。動詞+介詞。如：playgameswithsb和某人一起玩游戲(2018·Ⅱ卷)dreamof/about夢想(2016·Ⅰ卷)listento聽(2014·Ⅱ卷)leave(…)for(離開某處)去(2016·Ⅲ卷)

動詞+副詞+介詞。如：gobackto回到(2016·Ⅰ卷)be+形容詞/分詞+介詞。如：befocusedon集中精力于(2016·Ⅱ卷)介詞+the+名詞+介詞。如：inthemiddleof在……中間(2017·Ⅰ卷)withthedevelopmentof隨著……的發(fā)展(2015·Ⅰ卷)withthehelpof在……的幫助下(2014·Ⅰ卷)名詞+介詞。如：getadegreein…獲得某學科學位(2017·Ⅲ卷)havemoretimefor…有更多時間用于(2014·Ⅱ卷)短語介詞。如：nextto在……的旁邊(2014·Ⅱ卷)解法：介詞后必須接賓語，做賓語的是名詞或代詞等。因此，在語法填空中，如果空格后是一個名詞或代詞，而該名詞或代詞在句中不做動詞的賓語，又不是句子的主語時，空格處必定是填介詞。練模擬操一、語法填空在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~。12018河南安陽Dynasty,Chinesearchitecturehashadamajorinfluence____thearchitecturalstylesoforea,Vietnam,andJapan由固定搭配haveaninfluenceon對……有影響可知。on22018河南安陽Coloredglae彩釉wasusuallynotaaeaworldofdifference”,andeveninfluencehowwerespond_____illness由固定搭配respondto對……的反應可知。toto42018河北石家莊ButinChina,youcanenjoyyourdayjust______asmartbing消除“爬山的勞累”，表示“……的”用of。withof62018河北邯鄲Followinghisrecentrisetofame名聲,Rieahasbeenasedbymanycities,includingthecaania,totransformtheiroldtreetruns_____worsofart由固定搭配transform…into把……轉(zhuǎn)變成可知。into72018河北保定GeoffEdwardssaidheleftschoolatayoungagewithtwoqualificationsandfewambitions,thenendeduelessinthecityofCambridgeafterworing_____afieldlaborerdriedup由固定搭配woras從事某工作可知。as意為“作為”，后面接職業(yè)名稱。as82018貴州遵義TheChinesenationismadeuadeupof由……組成可知。92018貴州貴陽ThevillagersthenunderstoodthatNianwasafraid_____thecolourred由固定搭配beafraidof害怕可知。ofof102018貴州安順Thedrama,whichisbasedonthenovelofthesamename,showsadeepreflectiononthefight_______corruption腐敗表示“反對”用against。fightagainst意為“與……作斗爭”，thefightagainstcorruption意為“反腐”。against112018廣西桂林Onceue,therelivedamannamedYeGong,whowaswell-nownforhis在含空間的地點名詞前用介詞in，表示“在……里”。in122018廣西防城港Hewassittingatatableclose____usandwetaledecitedlywithhimaboutthebeautysurroundingus因closeto靠近是固定搭配。132018廣東汕頭Whilewirelesschargingisn’tnew___somemobileanyie這里的介詞to意為“對于……來說”,benewtosb意為“對某人來說是生疏的”。toto142018廣東肇慶Theoutercityconnectionwiththisareawascut______,somyfriend’sfathercrossedthewateryeacae______lightedcandles這里的with表示“和……一起，帶有”。offwith162018福建漳州Ihadjustgothome______worandwasha。172018安徽六安ChefJuliaChildsaid,“Icannotimagineaworld_________onions”與前面的can’t構成雙重否定：我無法想象沒有洋蔥的世界。表示“沒有”用without。withoutfrom182018安徽合肥Itisalsoaculturalbridge_________ishuangbannaandSoutheastAsiancountriesthatsharethesamefestival因between…and…在……與……之間是固定搭配。192018安徽毫州市Mybrotherisremembered____mychildhoodfriendwhenweplayedinthebacyard這里的as意為“作為”。betweenas202018云南二檢Dylanhastouredsteadily______thelate1980s,whichhasbeendescribedas“theNeverEndingTour”因前面謂語動詞的時態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時hastoured,故填since。212018福建三明Allofusstudentsweredressed____schooluniformwithredribbonsonourwrists,showingtheenergyofyouth因為人在衣服里，表示“穿著”的狀態(tài),bedressedin=bewearing,故填in。sincein222018福建龍巖Theyaremosta20countriesentandeconomicdeveloetime因atthesametime同時是固定搭配。inat242018湖北天門市Inbothactingandtechnicalterms,thefilmissimilar____aHollywoodblocbuster大片,__________includegunfights,carchasesandanunderwaterfight因besimilarto與……相似是固定搭配;介詞including意為“包括”。toincluding252018湖北宜昌The“newfourgreatinventions”areallrelated_____China’shigh-techinnovation創(chuàng)新,whichimprovedthequalityofpeople’slives因berelatedto與……有關是固定搭配。to262018河北滄州Userscanrentabie____alowcost表示“以……的價格或代價”用ata…cost。表示“以，按速度、比率、價格等”用介詞at。又如：driveat70myfamilylastsummervacation表示“與……一道”用with。withat282018湖北孝感Somechoosetoendtheirbachelorlife_____showingloveorarriage表示“憑借；靠”某種手段或方式，用by。292018廣東佛山Chinatodayisacountryrich____ancientnowledgeandcustom,yetonethatisalsoburstingwithcreativity因berichin富含……是固定搭配。byin302018廣東惠州_____theeveoftheNewYear,theDongemadevinegar在具體的某天或某天的上/下午或晚上前都用on，ontheeveof在……的前夜。312018廣東茂名Weibousershave_____afilialson孝子,aswellasagoodeducator—notjustineconomics,butinlife因consider…as/tobe認為……是是固定搭配。asOn322018廣州調(diào)研Antonicollectedadroous_____thewayittreatsitsemousfor因……而出名。forunder342018安徽滁州Awebuserevencommented,“Ionlyneeded7secondstofall____lovewiththisyoungman”因fallinlovewith愛上是固定搭配。352018貴州貴陽一適Self-made,self-taught,thecandlemaer’ssongavelight_____alltheworld;thestreetbooseller…由givesthtosb可知，填to。givelightto給……帶來光明，照亮。toin362018河南三門峽Thereisanotherind____ainglittlethings因begoodat擅長是固定搭配。ofat382018山西太原Inmanyways,thebrainmaybethought____asaverycomehasattractedahugecrowd—morethan1,000studentshavejoinedtheclubandtheyareinvitedtoatmanycampusactivities因toone’s名詞令人……的是是固定搭配。Toof402018福建莆田AccordingtoSCMP,theso-called“fournewgreatinventions”werebased____lastyear’sresearchconductedbytheSilRoadResearchInstitute因bebasedon建立在…的基礎上是固定搭配。412018福建福州____fact,peoplewereclosetodogsinawaytheyweren’tclosetocows,pigsorevenhorses由固定搭配infact其實可知。onIn422018湖北武漢Intheearlyyearsofthelastcenturyforeigneplorersstartedtoloo____thesestoriesandverysoonaninternationalracestartedforthearttreasuresoftheSilRoad由固定搭配loointo調(diào)查可知。432018甘肅張掖Everyday,Ispentatleastanhour____Englishinthepastsevenyears因spend…onsth是固定搭配。intoon442018河北石家莊Ifso,it’sveryimeapplies_____financialissues經(jīng)濟問題因applyto適用于是固定搭配。toto二、短文改錯12018云南保山Thosewhowereetremelyinterestedinliteratureattendedthelectureinfamouswesternwors表示“關于，有關”。22018四川資陽Mylittlecousinisgreatlyinterestedonscience因beinterestedin是固定搭配。onin32018四川資陽Myauntfeltsadandwantedhimtostoestoasmymotherforad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