高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞課件

2024屆高三

時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)復(fù)習(xí)

2024屆高三一輪復(fù)習(xí)

非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞Non-finiteverbs

動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)一覽表(以beat為例）時(shí)態(tài)主動(dòng)被動(dòng)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

一般過(guò)去時(shí)

過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)

過(guò)去完成時(shí)

一般將來(lái)時(shí)

過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)

動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)一覽表(以beat為例）時(shí)態(tài)主動(dòng)被動(dòng)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)beat/beatsam/is/arebeaten現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am/is/arebeatingam/is/arebeingbeaten現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/hasbeatenhave/hasbeenbeaten一般過(guò)去時(shí)beatwas/werebeaten過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)was/werebeatingwas/werebeingbeaten過(guò)去完成時(shí)hadbeatenhadbeenbeaten一般將來(lái)時(shí)willbeatwillbebeaten過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)Should/wouldbeatshould/wouldbebeatenBanksactivelyencouragepeopletoborrowmoney.

謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)

1.什么是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞？什么是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞？謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞：在句子中充當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞：是動(dòng)詞的特殊形式，在句子中可以充當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞外的成分。

（主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)，同位語(yǔ)）2.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在句子中的作用一個(gè)句子中已存在一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)（動(dòng)詞），又沒(méi)有連詞的情況下，再出現(xiàn)一個(gè)動(dòng)詞則用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；（一般一個(gè)連詞連接兩個(gè)謂語(yǔ)）

連詞？

but,and,so;that/which/who..;what/where/how/as/when...eg.Shegotoffthebus,butshe________(leave)herhandbagontheseat.Shegotoffthebus,________(leave)herhandbagontheseat.leftleaving謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞？非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞？1.Hebelongstotheteam____(consist)offivepeople.2.Hebelongstotheteamthat_____(consist)offivepeople.3.Thequestion____(discuss)nowhassomethingtodowithnature.4.Thefruit_______(look)freshinhisfruitstandsellswell.5._____(expose)toleadisknowntodamagethebrainsofyoungchildren.6.Withtheexams__(approach),thegirlwasalittlenervous.theexams__(approach),thegirlwasalittlenervous.3.When________(surf)theInternet,Idownloadedthefilm.

3.什么情況下使用非謂語(yǔ)？一個(gè)句子中已存在一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)（動(dòng)詞），又沒(méi)有連詞的情況下，再出現(xiàn)一個(gè)動(dòng)詞則用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。4.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的三種最基本形式：todo:

定語(yǔ)表將來(lái)；狀語(yǔ)表目的、結(jié)果doing:主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行done:被動(dòng)、完成4.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的三種最基本形式：todo:doing:done:5.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的各種形式：

todo

doing

todotobedone(被動(dòng)式)tobedoing(進(jìn)行式)tohavedone(完成式)tohavebeendone(完成被動(dòng)式)doingbeingdone(被動(dòng)式)havingdone(完成式)havingbeendone(完成被動(dòng)式)done只有一種形式注意：否定時(shí)一律將not放于非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前。

二、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法比較（一）非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)法功能比較主謂賓表定狀補(bǔ)todo不定式doing動(dòng)名詞doing現(xiàn)在分詞done過(guò)去分詞√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞：解題步驟：1.判斷非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在句子中所作的成分（主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)）。2.找非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)，判斷主動(dòng)、被動(dòng)。3.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞或者句意，判斷非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是已經(jīng)完成還是正在進(jìn)行還是將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。4、注意固定搭配。哪些動(dòng)詞只能加doing做賓語(yǔ)？哪些動(dòng)詞只能加todo做賓語(yǔ)？

哪些固定句型？（二）不定式(todo)與動(dòng)名詞(doing)作主語(yǔ)的區(qū)別1.todo表某一具體動(dòng)作，doing表習(xí)慣動(dòng)作或抽象概念。eg.___________(swim)isagoodformofexercise._________(swim)thisafternoonsoundsgood.

_____________tostrongsunlighttoomuchisharmful.2.都可以用it作形式主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成相應(yīng)句型。不定式用it作形式主語(yǔ)：

Itisadj./n.(for/ofsb.)todosth.動(dòng)名詞用it作形式主語(yǔ)：

Itisnouse/gooddoingsth.

Itisawasteoftimedoingsth.

其他需做區(qū)分的句型：

There’snosense/point(in)doingsth.There’snodenyingthat…There’snoneed(forsb.)todosth.SwimmingToswimBeingexposed3.可跟不定式(todo)也可跟動(dòng)名詞(doing)作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞1）意義有區(qū)別：meantrystopgoonrememberforgetcan’thelpregretasifonly注意：asif和only并非動(dòng)詞，但在這里一起進(jìn)行了歸納。

2）意義無(wú)區(qū)別：continuetodo/doingstarttodo/doingbegintodo/doingtododoingtododoingtododoingtododoingtododoingtododoingtododoingtododoingtododoingtododoing4.不定式(todo)作賓語(yǔ)后有補(bǔ)語(yǔ)時(shí)，常用it作形式賓語(yǔ)。常見(jiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)：

think/believe/consider/find/feel/+it+adj./n.+todoeg.我認(rèn)為有必要向老師求助。Ithinkitnecessarytoasktheteacherforhelp.

我覺(jué)得幫助別人是我的職責(zé)。Ifeelitmydutytohelpothers.（四）非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作表語(yǔ)的區(qū)別1.不定式(todo)作表語(yǔ)表未發(fā)生的具體動(dòng)作eg.我的目標(biāo)是去北京大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)。我們應(yīng)該做的就是好好學(xué)習(xí)。注意：不定式作表語(yǔ)時(shí)前面有實(shí)意動(dòng)詞do(做)及其相關(guān)變形，不定式可省略符號(hào)to。2.動(dòng)名詞(doing)作表語(yǔ)表習(xí)慣動(dòng)作或抽象概念。eg.我的興趣愛(ài)好是讀書。3.現(xiàn)在分詞(doing)作表語(yǔ)表令人……..的。eg.這則消息令人吃驚。4.過(guò)去分詞(done)做表語(yǔ)表感到………的。eg.我們對(duì)這則消息感到吃驚。Mypurpose/aim/goalistostudyinPekingUniversity.Whatweshoulddois(to)workhard.Myhobbyisreadingbooks.Thenewsissurprising.Wearesurprisedatthenews.encouraging encouraged pleasing pleasedpuzzling puzzled satisfying satisfiedsurprising surprisedworrying worriedembarrassingembarrassedinspiringinspiredinterestinginterestedTheboylookedupwitha_______expression.pleased

5.現(xiàn)在分詞(doing)與過(guò)去分詞(done)作定語(yǔ)的區(qū)別：

developingcountrydevelopedcountry

fallingleavesfallenleaves

boilingwaterboiledwater

thechangingworldthechangedworld

Hehurriedtothestation,onlytofindthatthetrainhadgone.Helefthishometown,nevertoreturn.SeenHavingbeenshowninvitedDevotingDevotedBeingilltiredandhungry非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示說(shuō)話人態(tài)度、觀點(diǎn)的短語(yǔ)(句首)

totellthetruth說(shuō)實(shí)話

tobehonest/frank老實(shí)說(shuō)/坦白說(shuō)tomakethingsworse更糟的是considering/seeing/given(that)考慮到，鑒于judgingfrom/by從……來(lái)判斷

generally/strictly/honestly

speaking一般說(shuō)來(lái)/嚴(yán)格說(shuō)來(lái)/老實(shí)說(shuō)suppose/supposing/providing/provided(that)假設(shè)/assuming/imagining

獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)（五）獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)（非謂語(yǔ)有自己的主語(yǔ)）eg.Weather________(permit),we’llgotovisittheGreatWall.It______(be)Sunday,thelibrarydoesn’topen.Newwords_________(explain),thetextbecameeasiertolearn.Somanychildren_________(look)after,themotherhastoquitherjob.

Noone_________(wake)meup,Imightbelateforthefirstclass.permittingbeingexplainedtolooktowake（七）不定式(todo)、現(xiàn)在分詞(doing)、過(guò)去分詞(done)作賓補(bǔ)的區(qū)別1.withsb./sth.注意：without用法同with，只是意思相反

2.findsb./sth.3.leavesb./sth.adj./adv./pre