形容詞和副詞

專題復(fù)習(xí)

形容詞及副詞主講張學(xué)萍山東省青州市黃樓初中形容詞的句法作用1.形容詞用來修飾名詞或代詞,表示人或事物的性質(zhì)，狀態(tài)和特征。2.一般來說，形容詞放在名詞前作定語、系動詞后作表語或賓語補(bǔ)足語；3.形容詞作定語時，一般放在名詞前；但當(dāng)修飾something,anything,nobody等不定代詞時要后置，如somethingimportant,nothingserious等；4.在名詞詞后加-ly可構(gòu)成形容詞。例：friendly,lovely等。副詞的句法作用1.副詞（簡寫為adv）是一種用來修飾動詞、形容詞、全句的詞，說明時間、地點(diǎn)、程度、方式等概念的詞。副詞是一種半虛半實(shí)的詞。副詞可分為：地點(diǎn)副詞、方式副詞、程度副詞、疑問副詞和連接副詞。2.副詞一般作狀語，修飾動詞，形容詞，副詞及全句，表程度，方式等。副詞作狀語修飾動詞一般是后置，修飾形容詞或副詞要前置。3頻度副詞一般在行為動詞之前，系動詞或助動詞之后always,often,sometimes等。4.程度副詞有very,hardly,far,much,too,quite等，它置于形容詞或副詞之前。5.形容詞后加-ly可以變成副詞以y結(jié)尾的將y改為i+-ly。如：heavy—heavily,lucky—luckily。1.直接在原級詞尾加-er,-est,如young—younger—youngest;2.原級以e結(jié)尾，加r,st,如：large—larger—largest;3.原級以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾，則要將y改為i再加-er,-est,如:heavy—heavier—heaviest;4.原級以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，且末尾只有一個輔音字母，要雙寫這個輔間字母再加-er-est,如：hot-hotter-hottest5.大多數(shù)雙音節(jié)和多音節(jié)詞的比較級，最高級是在原級前加more,most,如：beautiful-morebeautifulbeautiful-mostbeautiful;6.不規(guī)則的比較級、最高級的構(gòu)成

good——better——bestmany——

more——

mostmuch——

more—mostbad——worse—worstlittle—less——

leastill——worse——worstFar——farther(further)——

farthest(furthest)

形容詞副詞比較級和最高級的構(gòu)成規(guī)律Ⅰ.寫出下列詞的比較級和最高級。

1.badly/bad/ill2.early3.difficult4.thin5.hard課時訓(xùn)練worse—worstearlier—earliestmoredifficult—mostdifficultthinner—thinnestharder—hardest

①表示兩者“相等”用，as+形容詞/副詞原級+比較對象；例如：他和我一樣高。

他和劉翔跑的一樣快。②表示“不如”,前者不如后者，用“not+as/so+形容詞、副詞原級+as+比較對象”；例：他和我一樣高。

他和劉翔跑的一樣快。

③形容詞、副詞前如有：very,too,quite,rather等修飾，一般用原級；形容詞副詞原級的用法及句型Heisastallasme.HerunsasfastasmeHedoesn’trunasfastasmeHeisnotastallasme形容詞副詞比較級的用法及句型

1.比較級前可用much,a

little,alot,far，still,no,even,any

等表示程度；2.用形容詞、副詞的比較級+than從句表示兩者比較；健康比財富更重要3.比較級+and+比較級“越來越…”Shegrowsmoreandmorebeautiful.Thedayisbecominglongerandlonger.4.the+比較級，the+比較級“越…就越’’Themorecarefulyouare,thefewermistakesyou’llmake.5.比較級表最高級比較級+thananyother+單數(shù)名詞

Heistallerthananyotherstudentintheschool。Healthismoreimportantthanwealth.形容詞副詞最高級的用法及句型

1.最高級前一般要加“the”；副詞最高級前可加“the”也可不加“the”；當(dāng)最高級前有物主代詞時，則不加“the”。2.三者、三者以上的比較，一般用最高級；常用介詞in，of短語表示比較的范圍；3.表示“最……之一”，用oneof+最高級+復(fù)數(shù)名詞；4.選擇疑問句中例：whoisthetallest,a,borc?5.被定語從句所修飾的先行詞例：heisthecleverestboyIhavemet.倍數(shù)+as+原級+as倍數(shù)+比較級+than倍數(shù)+the+n.+of4）倍數(shù)表達(dá)法WiththehelpoftheGermanexperts,thefactoryproduced______carsin1993astheyearbefore.(1994上海)A.astwicemanyB.asmanyastwiceC.astwiceasmanyD.twiceasmany【例1】—Whichis_________seasoninBeijing?—Ithinkit'sautumn.［2003北京］

A.goodB.betterC.bestD.thebest典型例題解析【例2】Itis_________todaythanyesterday.Shallwegoswimmingthisafternoon?［2003北京海淀區(qū)］A.thehottestB.hotC.hottestD.hotterDD【例3】Jimisrunning_________Bruce.They'reneckandneck,［2003黑龍江］A.fasterthanB.asfastasC.asfasterasD.moreslowlythan【例4】Hermotherwasout.Shestayedathome______,butshedidn'tfeel_________.［2003甘肅］A.alone,lonelyB.lonelyaloneC.alone,lonelyD.lonely,alone【例5】—Isthephysicsproblem_________?—Yes,Icanworkitout_________.［2003黃岡］A.easy,easilyB.easy,easyC.easily,easyD.easily,easilyBAAⅡ.根據(jù)句意填空。1.Whichfilmis______________thisoneorthatone?(interesting)2.IthinkEnglishisoneof__________________subjectsinmiddleschool(important).3.LiLeidoesn'tstudyso____________ashissister.(care)4.Annisalittle__________thanJoan,butsheismuch________.(young,tall)5.TheChangjiangRiverisvery________.It'sThethird___________riverintheworld.(long)課時訓(xùn)練moreinterestingthemostimportantcarefullyyoungertallerlonglongestⅢ.單項(xiàng)選擇1.Whata_________cough!Youseen_________ill.A.terrible,terriblyB.terribly,terribleC.terrible,terribleD.terribly,terribly2.Thecarisrunning_________.Itseemstobeflying.A.moreandfasterB.moreandfastC.fastandfastD.fasterandfaster3.Ifeeleven_________now.A.badB.wellC.worseD.worst4.Shewasveryhappy.Sheran_________ofalltherunners.A.fastestB.thequickestC.slowestD.quickly5.Keepquiet,please.It's_________noisyhere.A.manytooB.toomanyC.muchtooD.toomuch課時訓(xùn)練ADCAC6.—Haveyou_________spokentoaforeigner?—No,_________.A.already,neverB.ever,neverC.yet,alreadyD.ever,ever7.Heistallerthan_________inhisclass.A.anyboyB.anyboysC.anyotherboyD.someotherboys8.I'llgoandvisityou_________nextweek.A.sometimeB.sometimesC.sometimeD.sometime9.—Whatwastheweatherlikeyesterday?—Itwasverybad.Itrained_____peoplecould____goout.A.hard,hardB.hardly，hardC.hardly,hardlyD.hard，hardly10.Englishisas______asChinese.Youshouldlearnitwell.A.importantB.moreimportantC.themostimportantD.muchmoreimportant課時訓(xùn)練(B)(C)(C)(D)(A)11.Musicisnotsousefulasscience.It's_________usefulthanscience.A.fewer