高中英語上冊語法專項練習(xí)-定語從句課件

高中英語上冊語法專項練習(xí)-定語從句課件第一頁，共79頁。定語從句復(fù)習(xí)課件使用說明1.定語從句的分類2.定語從句中的注意事項3.關(guān)系詞的實質(zhì)和先行詞之間的關(guān)系4.關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的用法及其容易混用的情況5.限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句的比較6.非限制性定語從句和單句的比較7.as引導(dǎo)的兩種定語從句8.介詞加關(guān)系代詞的情況9.只能用that、which的情況

第一頁第二頁，共79頁。定語從句復(fù)習(xí)定語從句TheRestrictiveAttributiveClause限制性定語從句TheNon-RestrictiveAttributiveClause非限制性定語從句第二頁第三頁，共79頁。限制性定語從句的構(gòu)成Themanwholivesnexttoussellsvegetables.YoumustdoeverythingthatIdo.IhavefoundthebookwhichIlost.IvisitedtheschoolwhereIstudied.關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞注意事項:1.從句的位置:2.翻譯方法:3.構(gòu)成：先行詞

之后“….的”關(guān)系詞第三頁第四頁，共79頁。定語從句后置ThedaycameatlastwhenIwenttocollege.Helaughsbestwholaughslast.HeistheonlyoneoftheteacherswhocomesfromQingdao.第四頁第五頁，共79頁。先行詞和關(guān)系詞的關(guān)系A(chǔ)planeisamachinethatcanfly.

TheboywhobrokethewindowiscalledTom.Theboywhoseparentsaredeadwasbroughtupbyhisgrandfather.TheschoolwhereIstudyisfarfrommyhome.themachine=thattheboy

=whotheboy’s

=whoseintheschool

=where關(guān)系代詞實際上是先行詞的復(fù)指關(guān)系詞whose實際上是先行詞的所有格關(guān)系副詞實際上是介詞＋先行詞第五頁第六頁，共79頁。Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.先行詞和關(guān)系詞的關(guān)系第六頁第七頁，共79頁。Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.關(guān)系代詞的實質(zhì)themachineamachine第七頁第八頁，共79頁。Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.關(guān)系代詞的實質(zhì)amachinethat/which第八頁第九頁，共79頁。關(guān)系代詞的實質(zhì)Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.

第九頁第十頁，共79頁。關(guān)系代詞的實質(zhì)Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl第十頁第十一頁，共79頁。關(guān)系代詞的實質(zhì)Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl第十一頁第十二頁，共79頁。關(guān)系代詞的實質(zhì)Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl第十二頁第十三頁，共79頁。關(guān)系代詞的實質(zhì)Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl第十三頁第十四頁，共79頁。關(guān)系代詞的實質(zhì)Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl第十四頁第十五頁，共79頁。關(guān)系代詞的實質(zhì)Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl第十五頁第十六頁，共79頁。關(guān)系代詞的實質(zhì)Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.Thegirlthat/whowesawyesterdayisMary.第十六頁第十七頁，共79頁。指人指物主語賓語thatwhichwhowhom關(guān)系代詞的用法關(guān)系代詞在從句中可以：何時可以省略？第十七頁第十八頁，共79頁。指人指物主語賓語that

whichwhowhom關(guān)系代詞的用法√√√√√√√√√√√√×

×

×

×

關(guān)系代詞在從句中可以：何時可以省略？做賓語時可以省略第十八頁第十九頁，共79頁。關(guān)系代詞的用法練習(xí)1.Theeggswerenotfresh.Iboughtthemyesterday.2.Thefriendwasnothungry.Hecametosupperlastnight.3.Heprefersthecheese.Itcomesfromhisparent’sfarm.

4.Thenoodlesweredelicious.Youcookedthem.

5.Idon’tlikethepeople.Theysmokealot.

Theeggs(that/which)Iboughtthemwerenotfresh.

Thefriendwho/that

hecametosupperlastnightwasnothungry..Heprefersthecheesethat/whichitcomesfromhisparent’sfarm.Thenoodles(which/that)youcookedthemweredelicious.Idon’tlikethepeoplethat/whotheysmokealot.第十九頁第二十頁，共79頁。關(guān)系副詞和先行詞的關(guān)系Istillremembertheday

whenIcamehere.

Thisisthehouse

whereIlivedlastyear.

Therearemanyreasons

whypeopleliketraveling.

Idon’tliketheway

thatyouspeak.

ontheday=wheninthehouse=whereforthereasons=whyintheway=that關(guān)系副詞實際上是介詞＋先行詞第二十頁第二十一頁，共79頁。1.I’llneverforgetthedays__________weworkedtogether.

2.I’llneverforgetthedays___________wespenttogether.

3.Iwenttotheplace

Iworkedtenyearsago.

4.Iwenttotheplace_____________Ivisitedtenyearsago.

5.Thisisthereason_____________________hewaslate.

6.Thisisthereason_____________________hegave.

when/inwhichwhichwhere/inwhichwhichwhy/forwhichthat/which幾種易混的情況及物動詞及物動詞及物動詞第二十一頁第二十二頁，共79頁。難用的whoseTheteacherpraisedthestudent.HisEnglishisthebestinourclass.TheteacherpraisedthestudentwhoseEnglishisthebestinourclass.Jointhefollowingpairofsentences.whose=thestudent’s關(guān)系詞whose實際上是先行詞的所有格第二十二頁第二十三頁，共79頁。難用的whoseThehouseismine.Thewindowofthehouseisbroken.Jointhefollowingpairofsentences.Thehousewhosewindowisbrokenismine.

whose=thehouse’swindowThehouseismine.thewindowofwhichisbrokenofwhichthewindowisbroken第二十三頁第二十四頁，共79頁。非限制性定語從句ThetownwhereIliveisbeautiful.Kenli,whereIlive,isbeautiful.Teacherswhoarekindarepopularwiththestudents.MrWang,whoiskind,ispopularwiththestudents.Pleasecompare:形式作用能否省略翻譯限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句第二十四頁第二十五頁，共79頁。非限制性定語從句ThetownwhereIliveisbeautiful.Kenli,whereIlive,isbeautiful.Teacherswhoarekindarepopularwiththestudents.MrWang,whoiskind,ispopularwiththestudents.Pleasecompare:形式作用翻譯限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句插入成分修飾限定補充解釋能不能….的能否省略第二十五頁第二十六頁，共79頁。Teacherswhoarekindarepopularwiththestudents.MrWang,whoiskind,ispopularwiththestudents.分析兩種定語從句省略后的結(jié)果第二十六頁第二十七頁，共79頁。ThetownwhereIliveisbeautiful.Yilong,whereIlive,isbeautiful.分析兩種定語從句省略后的結(jié)果限制性定語從句省略后主語所指就不明確，所以不能省略第二十七頁第二十八頁，共79頁。非限制性定語從句和單句的比較2.Hefailedintheexam._______madehisparentsangry.3.Hefailedintheexam,_______madehisparentsangry.4.Hehastwosons.Bothof________areteachers.5.Hehastwosons,bothof________areteachers.Thiswhichwhomthem×

that1.IamreadingHarryPorter,_____isaninterestingbook.which第二十八頁第二十九頁，共79頁。as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句Theearthisround._____isknowntoall.Theearthisround,_____isknowntoall._____isknowntoall,theearthisround______isknowntoallthat

theearthisround.Itwhich/as

AsItas具有正如之意，與之搭配的動詞一般是固定的，如：asyouknow/asyousee/asweplanned/asweexpected定語從句在句首時只能用as,第二十九頁第三十頁，共79頁。as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句(1)ThisisthesamepenasIlost.ThisisthesamepenthatIlost.Pleasecompare:這本書和我丟的那本一模一樣。這本書就是我丟的那本。第三十頁第三十一頁，共79頁。as引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句(2)Thisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllike.Thisissointerestingabook_____wealllike.Thisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllikeit.Thisissointerestingabook____wealllikeit.asthatPleasecompletethefollowingsentencesandcompare:asthat這是大家都喜歡的如此有趣的一本書。(定語從句)這本書如此有趣，大家都喜歡。(結(jié)果狀語從句)第三十一頁第三十二頁，共79頁。介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況1Themanwhomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitywhichshelivesisfaraway.toin第三十二頁第三十三頁，共79頁。介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況2Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toinArethesetwosentencesright?第三十三頁第三十四頁，共79頁。介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況3Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toinArethesetwosentencesright?第三十四頁第三十五頁，共79頁。介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況3Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toinArethesetwosentencesright?第三十五頁第三十六頁，共79頁。介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況3Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toinArethesetwosentencesright?第三十六頁第三十七頁，共79頁。介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況3Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toinArethesetwosentencesright?第三十七頁第三十八頁，共79頁。介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況3Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toin×

×

Arethesetwosentencesright?可見,who、that不能用與介詞之后第三十八頁第三十九頁，共79頁。1.

Doyoulikethebook

shespent$10?2.

Doyoulikethebook

shepaid$10?3.

Doyoulikethebook

shelearnedalot?4.

Doyoulikethebook

sheoftentalks?5.

Hebuiltatelescope

hecouldstudytheskies.6.Thereisatalltreeoutside,

standsourteacher.7.

Chinahasalotofrivers,thesecondlongest_______istheYellowRiver.8.Thetower_______peoplecanhaveagoodviewisonthehill.9.Theman________Ispokeonthephonelastnightisverygoodatwrestling.10.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingtenwindows,most______hadn’tbeencleanedforatleastayear.onwhichforwhichfromwhichaboutwhichthroughwhichunderwhichofwhichfromwhichtowhomofwhich介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況練習(xí)第三十九頁第四十頁，共79頁。1)根據(jù)先行詞的搭配習(xí)慣來決定。1.Thisistheknife______________Iusuallycutmypencil.2.Wecan’tlivewithoutthesun_______wegetheatandlight.withwhichfromwhichConclusion第四十頁第四十一頁，共79頁。1.Thehouse______thereisabigtreewasbuiltmorethan1000yearsago.A.whichB.infrontofwhichC.thatD.inthefrontofwhichTestyourselves第四十一頁第四十二頁，共79頁。2.ThehouseIgrewup____hasbeentakendownandreplacedbyanofficebuilding.（2009江西，26）

A.initB.inC.inthatD.inwhich3.Somebiologistsbelievethisisanancientsurvivalstrategy,____adietwith30percentfewercaloriesthanusualincreasedlifespan.(2010江蘇南通一模)A.forwhichB.towhichC.ofwhichD.inwhich第四十二頁第四十三頁，共79頁。2）根據(jù)定語從句中謂語動詞的習(xí)慣搭配來決定。Testyourself第四十三頁第四十四頁，共79頁。1.Doyouknowthegirl_____________________ourheadteacheristalking?2.Ican’tfindmydictionary_________Ipaidover$100.3.Thisisthegoodcar__________Ispentallmymoney.4.Sheistheteacher_________allhisstudentsshowrespect.5.Theteacher_____________youhavebeenwaitingiscominginaminute.to/with/aboutwhom

forwhich

onwhichtowhomforwhomtalkingto/with/aboutthegirlpay…forthedictionaryspendmoneyonthecarshowrespecttotheteacherwaitingfortheteacher第四十四頁第四十五頁，共79頁。Windpowerisanancientsourceofenergy____wemayreturninthenearfuture.(2010上海，38)A.onwhichB.bywhichC.towhichD.fromwhich2.Guncontrolisasubject___Americanshavearguedforalongtime.(2009陜西，11)A.OfwhichB.withwhichC.AboutwhichD.intowhich

★★第四十五頁第四十六頁，共79頁。I‘llneverforgettheday________

hemadethespeech._________+OnthedayOnwhichThemoment_____whichImadethedecisionisexciting.______themoment

atatThemonth_____whichIleftforvocationisJuly.______themonth

in

in第四十六頁第四十七頁，共79頁。

Air,________whichmancan’tlive,isreallyimportant.3）根據(jù)定語從句所表達的意義來確定withoutThepen_____whichheiswritingnowwasboughtyesterday.with第四十七頁第四十八頁，共79頁。1)

TheGermanboss___________theactressworksisakindperson.2)

Thehost_________________theguestspeakerworkslikessinging.3)

Thepenfriend__________thepoetwritesisgoodatliterature.forwhomwithwhomtowhomtestyourself第四十八頁第四十九頁，共79頁。Haveyoumettheperson__________hewasspeaking?Heistheman_________youcanturnforhelp.Thefarm_________weworkedthenyearsagoisn’twhatitusedtobe.Thisisthetree___________weusedtoplaygames.Thepen__________heiswritingnowwasboughtyesterday.Thegas_____________wecannotliveiscalledoxygen.Conclusion(moreexamples)

aboutwhom

towhom

onwhich

underwhich

withwhich

withoutwhich一先二謂三意義第四十九頁第五十頁，共79頁。Isthisthewatchthatyouarelookingfor?TheoldmanwhomIamlookingafterisbetter.在固定短語中介詞不能提前下面兩句中的介詞能提前嗎?第五十頁第五十一頁，共79頁。固定搭配的動詞短語中的介詞一般不能提前.常見的這類動詞短語有:lookfor/after/forwardto,carefor(照顧，喜歡）hearof/about/from,takecareof等.ThisistherightplaceI’mlookingfor.Thegirlwhomheislookingafterishissister.

第五十一頁第五十二頁，共79頁。Chinaisabeautifulcountry,_________weareproud.Doyouremembertheday_________youjoinedourclub?Thisisthehouse___________Ilived

twoyearsago.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasingleperson_________shecouldturnforhelp.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasingleperson_________shecouldaskforhelp.

of

onwhich

inwhich

towhomfromwhom

which

Fillintheblankswith“preposition+which/whom”:testyourself第五十二頁第五十三頁，共79頁。6.Inhisroom,wesawabigtable_________therewere3magazines.7.Glasses,________________Ican’tseeclearly,arereallyimportantforme.8.Thisistheman__________Ilearnedthenews.9.Thepen__________Iwriteeverydayisbroken.10.Theman______________Iboughtthepictureisover80.11.Canyougivemesomepaper_________Icanwriteanote?

on

withoutwhich

fromwhom

withwhich

for/fromwhom

onwhichwhich第五十三頁第五十四頁，共79頁。Thisistheteacherwhosedaughterisafamousdoctor.=Thisistheteacher_________________isafamousdoctor.1.名詞+介詞+關(guān)系代詞常見結(jié)構(gòu)拓展thedaughterofwhom第五十四頁第五十五頁，共79頁。RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase（花瓶）,_______wasveryreasonable（合理的）.A.whichpriceB.thepriceofwhichC.itspriceD.thepriceofwhose(WhataboutC?)第五十五頁第五十六頁，共79頁。Wehavethreeforeignteachers,___________arefromCanada.(其中的兩個）2.數(shù)詞+介詞+關(guān)系代詞(含基數(shù)詞，序數(shù)詞，分?jǐn)?shù)和百分?jǐn)?shù)）

twoofwhom第五十六頁第五十七頁，共79頁。Thefactoryproduceshalfamillionpairsofshoeseveryyear,80%_______aresoldabroad.A.ofwhichB.whichofC.ofthemD.ofthat(HowaboutC?)第五十七頁第五十八頁，共79頁。3.代詞+介詞+關(guān)系代詞（代詞有all,both,none,neither,either,some,any等）

Theoldwomanhastwosons,__________areteachers.（兩個都是）bothofwhom第五十八頁第五十九頁，共79頁。Lastweek,twopersonscametoseethehouse,___________wantedtobuyit.A.bothoftheyB.neitherofwhomC.bothofthemD.allofwhom(ThinkaboutC.)第五十九頁第六十頁，共79頁。4.形容詞最高級+介詞+關(guān)系代詞Chinahasthousandsofislands,_______________isTaiwanIsland.（其中最大的）thelargestofwhich第六十頁第六十一頁，共79頁。

Therearetwobuildings,________standsnearlyahundredfeethigh.A.thelargerB.thelargerofthemC.thelargeronethatD.thelargerofwhich第六十一頁第六十二頁，共79頁。5.介詞+關(guān)系代詞+名詞Hespentfouryearsincollege,_____________hestudiedmedicine.（在那段時間內(nèi)）duringwhichtime第六十二頁第六十三頁，共79頁。Intheoffice,Ineverseemtohavetimeuntilafter5:30p.m.,_______timemanypeoplehavegonehome.A.whoseB.thatC.onwhichD.bywhich第六十三頁第六十四頁，共79頁。Exercises:1.Thenewly-builtcafe,thewallsof___arepaintedlightgreen,isreallyapeacefulplaceforus,especiallyafterhardwork.(2010江蘇，32)A.thatB.itC.whatD.whichTip:thewallsofthenewly-builtcafe第六十四頁第六十五頁，共79頁。Exercises:2.Thesettlementishometonearly1,000people,manyof___lefttheirvillagehomesforabetterlifeinthecity.（2010浙江，3）

A.whomB.whichC.themD.thoseTip:manyofpeople第六十五頁第六十六頁，共79頁。Exercises:3.Shebroughtwithherthreefriends,noneof___Ihadevermetbefore.(2009寧夏，28)A.themB.whoC.whomD.theseTip:noneofherthreefriends第六十六頁第六十七頁，共79頁。Exercises:4.Bynineo’clock,alltheOlympictorchbearershadreachedthetopofMountQomolangma,________appearedrarerainbowsoon.（2008福建,31）

A.ofwhich B.onwhich

C.fromwhich D.abovewhich

Tip:Therainbowappearedabovethetopofthemountain.第六十七頁第六十八頁，共79頁。Exercises:5.Themanpulledoutagoldwatch,______weremadeofsmalldiamonds.(2008陜西,13)

A.thehandsofwhomB.whomthehandsof

C.whichthehandsofD.thehandsofwhich

Tip:thehandsofthegoldwatch第六十八頁第六十九頁，共79頁。1.Hedidall/everything_______hecouldtohelpme.2.Thisisthevery

thing_______Iamafter.3.Wetalkedaboutthemenandthethings_______werememberedatschool.4.Heistheonlyman_______candothework.5.Thisisthefirstthing_______Iwanttosay.6.Heisthefinestman_______Ihaveeverworkedwith.7.Whoistheman_______spoketoyouatthegate.8.Whichisthestar_______isnearesttotheearth.that,whichorwho?thatthatthatthatthatthatthatthat第六十九頁第七十頁，共79頁。that,which,whose,whomorwho?9.Isthereanythingelse_______

youwanttosay?10.Anyperson_______

hasthemoneycanjointhegroup.11.Heoftenspeakstheroleheplayedintheplay,_______

madeothersupset.12.Heopenedthedoor,infrontof_