高三英語一輪復習語法專題形容詞和副詞課件

專題2形容詞和副詞重溫真題tastyconfidentrarelyaccidentallyRecently思考：考

？考點一：形容詞和副詞的句法功能1.形容詞的功能：形容詞主要是用來修飾名詞或代詞，說明事物或人的性質(zhì)、特征、狀態(tài)，在句中：①作定語修飾名詞或代詞，說明其性質(zhì)、特征等；②作表語與連系動詞構成系表結(jié)構，說明主語的性質(zhì)或特征；③作補足語說明賓語或主語的性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)或特征；④作狀語主要表示主語的狀態(tài)等。2.副詞的功能：副詞作狀語說明動作性質(zhì)或狀態(tài)的特征，常用來修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語及整個句子等。Hemakesit_______(ease)forustomakeuseofit.Theleaderwenthome,_____________(exhaust)easyexhaustedmake/leave/find/keep/think+n./pron+adj.1(2021·全國卷II)

Itoldhimhow_________(harm)plasticcouldbetotheenvironmentandaskedhimtoconsiderusingmoreeco-friendlyoptions.2.(2020·全國卷I)

Landingonthemoon’sfarsideis__________(extreme)challenging.3.

(2019·全國Ⅰ卷)

Itisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeen_______(poor)studied.4.(2018·全國卷I)AccordingtotheWorldBank,Chinaaccountsforabout30percentoftotal_______(globe)fertilizerconsumption.harmful練一練extremelypoorlyglobal1.(2022·全國卷I)

TheGPNP’smaingoalistoimproveconnectivitybetweenseparatepopulationsandhomesofgiantpandas,and__________(eventual)

achieveadesiredlevelofpopulationinthewild.2.(廣東)Heownedafarm,whichlookedalmostabandoned.________(lucky),healsohadacowwhichproducedmilkeveryday.3.(2023·全國卷II)So,whataretheylearning?__________(basic),howtodescribeapanda’slife.4.(廣東)Whenwewerewonderingwhattodo,themanagercameout.Shewas____________(surprise)helpful.5.Hefounditdifficulttogetonwithher,____________(possible)becauseofthedifferenceintheirages.Basically重溫真題eventuallyLuckilysurprisinglypossibly思考：考

？考點二：形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為副詞的規(guī)律一般規(guī)律：（1）一般情況下直接加_______。polite-politely;immediate–immediately,wide-widely（注意：true-truly）（2）以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的，一般將__________________：happy-happily;heavy-heavily;angry-angrily;（注意：shy-shyly）（3）以ic結(jié)尾的詞，加______：basic-basically;scientific-scientifically;automatic–automatically（自動地）（注意：public-publicly）

（4）以輔音字母+le結(jié)尾的，去_________simple-simply terrible-terribly unbelievable–unbelievablyunforgettable–unforgettablylyy改成i，再加lyallye加y1.(2021·全國卷I)Theamazingthingaboutthespringisthatthecolderthetemperaturegets,the_______(hot)thespring!2.(2018·全國卷I)Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyears_______(long)thannonrunners.3.

(2018·浙江卷)Therecouldbeaneven_______

(high)costonyourhealth.4.(2018·全國卷I)Whilerunningregularlycan’tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysitismoreeffectiveatlengtheninglife_____walking,cyclingorswimming.5.

(2018·全國卷Ⅲ)Hescreamsthe________(loud)

ofall.Thenoiseshakesthetreesasthemalebeatshischestandchargestowardme.hotterlonger重溫真題higherthanloudest思考：考

？考點三：形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級（一）、形容詞、副詞的比較級和最高級的構成規(guī)則1.一般單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)以-er，-ow結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，比較級在后面加-er，最高級在后面加-est;(1)單音節(jié)詞如：small→smaller→smallestshort→shorter→shortestgreat→greater→greatest(2)雙音節(jié)詞

如：clever→cleverer→cleverestnarrow→narrower→narrowest2.以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾的單音節(jié)詞，比較在原級后加-r，最高級在原級后加-st;如：large→larger→largestnice→nicer→nicestable→abler→ablest+一輔結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)中，先雙寫末尾的輔音字母，比較級加-er，最高級加-est;如：big→bigger→biggesthot→hotter→hottestfat→fatter→fattest4.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，把y改為i，比較級加-er，最高級加-est;如：easy→easier→easiestheavy→heavier→heaviest5.其他雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞(一個元音為一個音節(jié))比較級在前面加more，最高級在前面加most;

如：beautiful→morebeautiful→mostbeautiful（二）有少數(shù)形容詞、副詞的比較級和最高級是不規(guī)則的，必須熟記。如：good/well→better→bestbad/ill→worse→worstold→older/elder→oldest/eldestmany/much→more→mostlittle→less→leastfar→further/farther→furthest/farthest(三）使用比較級的標志。1.(2021·全國卷I)Theamazingthingaboutthespringisthatthecolderthetemperaturegets,the_______(hot)thespring!2.(2018·全國卷I)Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyears_______(long)thannonrunners.3.

(2018·浙江卷)Therecouldbeaneven_______

(high)costonyourhealth.4.(全國I)Ifyoufeelstressedbyresponsibilitiesatwork,youshouldtakeastepbackandidentify(識別)thoseof________(great)andlessimportance.1.A+形容詞/副詞的比較級+than+B”2、much/even/alot/far/alittle/abit/rather+比較級3、the+比較級（+主語+謂語），the+比較級（+主語+謂語）4、并列結(jié)構中用了比較級注意：有時候需要填比較級后的than(四）使用最高級的標志。1、“the+最高級(+名詞)+表示比較范圍的短語或從句”2、“oneof

the+最高級+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)3、序數(shù)詞+最高級練：Hehasthe_________(fun)facesofthedogsintheworld.funniest練：Coffeebegantobeonsalein2020,makingitoneofthe________(popular)drinksonthecampus.mostpopular練：TheYangtzeRiveristhethird_________(long)riverintheworld.longestearlierharder練一練lowerfinest(2)so...that...與such...that...的區(qū)別。

so+形容詞/副詞+that...

so+形容詞+a(n)+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+that...

so+many/few+復數(shù)名詞+that...

so+much/little(少)+不可數(shù)名詞+that...

such+a(n)+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+that...

such+形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞+that...

such+形容詞+復數(shù)名詞+that...重溫真題1.(2019·全國卷Ⅲ)

Onourwaytothehouse,itwasraining___hardthatwecouldn’thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtaketogetthere.2.(2017·浙江)Pahlssonscreamed____loudlythatherdaughtercamerunningfromthehouse.soso考點四：so......that......結(jié)構①下列單詞以-ly結(jié)尾，但卻是形容詞而非副詞：lively,lonely,lovely,deadly,friendly,ugly,silly,likely,brotherly,timely等。②表原意(無-ly)和引申意(有-ly)的副詞：deep深deeply深入地wide寬廣widely廣泛地high高highly高度地close近closely密切地其他說明③

ago與before的區(qū)別：

ago表示以現(xiàn)在為起點的“以前”（與一般過去時連用）；before指以過去或?qū)淼哪硶r刻為起點的“以前”（與完成時態(tài)連用）。泛指“以前”用before而不用ago。④某些以-ior結(jié)尾的形容詞進行比較時，用to代替than。這些詞有inferior

(劣等的，次的)，superior

(較好的，優(yōu)于……)，junior（資歷較淺的），senior（資格較老的），prior（在……之前）等。

HeissuperiortoMr.Zhanginchemistry.Landevaluationisacriticalsteppriortolandplanningandutilization.⑤否定詞+比較級=最高級⑥-ed和-ing形容詞的區(qū)別4.詞形轉(zhuǎn)換(1)名詞或動詞轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞的規(guī)律類別例

詞詞尾加-ycloud→cloudy,luck→lucky,health→healthy,sleep→sleepy詞尾加-(e)dgift→gifted,talent→talented,advance→advanced詞尾加-ful/lessmeaning→meaningful,care→careful/careless,

help→helpful/helpless,harm→harmful/harmless,home→hom