新高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)課時練高考題型組合練第5組組合練(十三)閱讀理解主題練閱讀理解＋閱讀七選五 (含解析)

第五組人與自然(一)——自然生態(tài)和環(huán)境保護(hù)常用話題詞匯：existence，creature，land，mountain，variety，damage，endanger，hunt，struggle，remove，erupt，natural，mountainous，offshore，thick，wild，abundant，homeless，inruins，inpeace，dig，escape，rare，economic，loss，awareness，environment-friendly，effective，cutdown，endangered，extinction，dieout，ecological，geography，environment，arouse，wildlife，protection，disaster，trap，overcome組合練(十三)閱讀理解主題練閱讀理解＋閱讀七選五Ⅰ.閱讀理解ATravelHighlightsinSloveniaLakeBledClassybluewaterssurroundatinyislandandtheromancefactorgoesupwhenyouarrivethereonatraditionalwoodenboat.LocatedonahilloverlookingthelakeisBledCastle.Whennotswimminginthelakenicelywarmedbyhotsprings,visitorscangopaddle-boardingorjustwanderalongthefour-milepatharoundthelake,enjoyingthoseincomparableviews.TolminGorgesAtthesouthernendofTriglavNationalPark,theTolminGorgescutthroughdramaticscenery.ForestedstonewallsloomovertheTolminkaRiver,withdeepgreenwatersrushingbelowalongtherocks.There’sameetingspotbetweentheTolminandtheZadlascicawhichyoucanaccessviarockystepsandpicture-likewoodenbridges.ZelenciAlakeofgreenwaterissurroundedbywetlands.BubblingbeneatharethespringsofthesourceoftheSavaRiver.Raisedwoodenwalkwaysleadyouthroughthispeacefullandscapepastmorethan1,000speciesofwildlife,includingsandlizardsandtherarescarletgrosbeakbird.Theaveragetemperaturedoesn’tdropbelow41degreesFahrenheitandthewatersdon’tfreezeevenduringwinter.KranjskaGoraSlovenia’sbest-knownskiresorthasalltheprettinessyouwouldexpectofamountainvillage.Andwhenthesnowmelts,that’sthetimetoexploreitsmountainpathsonfootorbybike.InacountrythathasproducedTourdeFrancewinners,it’snotsurprisingthatcyclingisbigbusinesshere.AtnearbyPlanica,youcanflythroughtheairontheworld’ssteepestziplinedescent(溜索)．eq\x(語篇解讀這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了斯洛文尼亞的四個旅游景點(diǎn)。)1．Whatdothefirstthreeattractionshaveincommon?A．Mountainpaths.B．Waterviews.C．Hotsprings.D．Woodenwalkways.答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)前三個景點(diǎn)的介紹可知，介紹中都有對湖景或河景的描述，所以在這三個景點(diǎn)都可以看水景。故選B項(xiàng)。2．Wherewillyougoifyou’reafanofwildlife?A．LakeBled. B．TolminGorges.C．Zelenci. D．KranjskaGora.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Zelenci部分中的“Raisedwoodenwalkwaysleadyouthroughthispeacefullandscapepastmorethan1,000speciesofwildlife,includingsandlizardsandtherarescarletgrosbeakbird.”可知，野生動物愛好者會去Zelenci。故選C項(xiàng)。3．WhatactivitycanyouchooseinKranjskaGora?A．Rockclimbing. B．Boating.C．Swimming. D．Cycling.答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)KranjskaGora部分中的“InacountrythathasproducedTourdeFrancewinners,it’snotsurprisingthatcyclingisbigbusinesshere.”可知，在KranjskaGora，你可以選擇騎車活動。故選D項(xiàng)。BWhilelivingandworkinginKarlstadUniversityinSweden，Iwasentrustedthechallengingassignmentofcatsittingthree10-year-oldsfortwoweeks.Atfirst，Iwasabitperturbed.FromallthatIhadheardaboutcatsbeingselfishcreatures，IwonderedifIwouldeverbeabletodeliverthegoods.Ihadbeenaskedtostayatthecat-owners’placeforthefortnight.Thefirstday，allthree，Mercedes，MioandCasper，seemedtobesuspiciousofme.Ifedthem，disposedoftheirlitterandgottowork.Soon，however，theybegantolookforwardtomyreturning，andwouldmewhappinesshearingthekeyturninthedoor-lock.Asourfamiliaritygrew，Ibegantoplayfullybidgoodnighttothecats，sometimesaddingaloudinSwedishthatIhadtowakeupat7∶00a．m.Iforgottosetthealarmonmostnights，butfacednoproblems，becauseatexactly7∶00a．m.—noexaggerationshere—Iwouldhearthesoundsofgentlemewingandscratchingoutsidemybedroomdoor.Then，therewasoneevening，whenIfeltabitundertheweather.Sittingonthesofa，mentallywornoutandphysicallyexhausted，Istaredblanklyintospace，whenagentletappinglandedonmycheek.IfoundCasperstandingonthesofa’sarmrestpeeringintomyeyes.Heseemedtobeaskingmetocheerup，switchofffortheeveningandlookforwardtoabettertomorrow.Ontheeveningsofthelastfewdays，allthreecatsbegantorushoverandsitclosetomeonthesofaandsnoozeagainstmyfeetoronmylap.Theyknewperhapsthatourtimetogetherwasnearingitsendandthattheywouldnotseemeagain.Theyallcameovertothedoor，whenIleftthenextmorningwithmythingspacked.Theyjuststoodthereandmewedforawhile，andasIwalkedaroundthestreetbend，theyhoppedontothewindowwatchingmego.語篇解讀這是一篇記敘文。作者主要講述了自己在和三只貓短暫相處的日子里，關(guān)系從陌生變得親密的事情。4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“perturbed”meaninthefirstparagraph?A．Excited. B．Unwilling.C．Confident. D．Worried.答案D解析詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線單詞后兩句可知，作者聽說貓是自私的動物，不知道自己能不能不負(fù)眾望，完成照顧貓的任務(wù)。由此可知，一開始，作者有點(diǎn)擔(dān)心。故選D。5．Howdidtheauthorgetfamiliarwiththecats?A．Bytakingcareofthem.B．Bytakingthemout.C．Bycheeringthemup.D．Bytalkingtothem.答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第二、三、四句可知，起初三只貓似乎都懷疑作者，但作者細(xì)心照顧它們，喂它們，處理它們的垃圾，很快，貓開始和作者熟悉起來，開始期待作者的歸來。由此可知，作者是通過照顧這些貓和它們熟悉起來的。故選A。6．HowdidtheauthorinterpretCasper’stapping?A．Thecatwasaskingtogoout.B．Thecatwasplayingwithhim.C．Thecatwastryingtocomforthim.D．Thecatwasremindinghimofbedtime.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句可知，作者認(rèn)為Casper的輕拍是在安慰他，似乎在要求他振作起來，晚上休息一下，期待一個更好的明天。由此可知，作者把Casper的輕拍解釋為在試圖安慰他。故選C。7．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestherelationshipbetweentheauthorandthecats?A．Temporary. B．Complex.C．Casual. D．Close.答案D解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容可知，這三只貓會靠著作者的腳或腿打盹，作者走時會送作者。由此可推斷出，作者和貓之間的關(guān)系是親密的。故選D。C(2022·安徽安慶二模)Climatebreakdownthreatenstocauseaglobalfoodproductioncrisis.TheUNforecaststhatby2050，feedingtheworldwillrequirea20%expansioninglobalwateruseforagriculture.Itishardtoseehowagriculturecanfeedthepopulationoftheplanet，letalonetowardtheendofthecenturyandbeyond.Agricultureisamajorcauseofclimatebreakdown，andbothriverandairpollution.Industrialfishingissimilarlydrivingecologicalcollapseinseasaroundtheworld.However，atthiscriticaltime，farming(anewkindoffoodtechnology)iscreatingastonishingpossibilitiestosavebothpeopleandtheplanet.Farmingwillenablethereturnofvastareasoflandandseatonature，greatlyreducingcarbonemissions(排放物)．Itmeansanendtotheemploymentofanimals，astoptooverfishing，andadramaticreductionincuttingdownforestsandtheuseofpesticides(殺蟲劑)．Itisthebesthopeforstoppingthedestructionoftheplanetand，ifitisdoneright，itmeanscheapandabundantfoodforeveryone.Weareabouttowelcomeoneofthebiggesteconomictransformations，ofanykind，for200years.Argumentscontinueaboutplantsagainstmeat-baseddiets;however，newtechnologieswillsoonmaketheseargumentsirrelevant.Beforelong，mostfoodwillcomeneitherfromanimalsnorplants，butfrommicro-organisms(微生物)．Notonlywillfoodbecheaper，itwillalsobehealthier.Duetothefactthatfarmingcreatesfoodproductsbuiltupfromsimplecomponentsratherthanbrokendownfromcomplexones，hardfatsandotherunhealthycomponentscanbescreenedout.Meatwillstillbemeat，butitwillbegrowninfactoriesratherthaninthebodiesofanimals.Fatswillstillbefats，butfoodislikelytobebetter，cheaperandmuchlessdamagingtothelivingplanet.語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了在全球糧食生產(chǎn)危機(jī)下，一種新型農(nóng)業(yè)如何解決糧食短缺問題以及它的優(yōu)勢和特點(diǎn)。8．Whatisthemajorcauseofseaecologicalbreakdown?A．Foodproduction.B．Globalfarming.C．Industrialfishing.D．Climatebreakdown.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句可知，造成海洋生態(tài)破壞的主要原因是工業(yè)捕撈，故選C。9．Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytellusaboutfarming?A．Itsbenefits. B．Itssecurity.C．Itsresearch. D．Itslimits.答案A解析段落大意題。根據(jù)第二段第二、三、四句可知，本段主要講述新型農(nóng)業(yè)的好處，故選A。10．Whatwillprovidethemajorityoffoodinthenearfuture?A．Seaanimals. B．Wildplants.C．Micro-organisms. D．Farmproducts.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句可知，作者認(rèn)為在不久的將來，人們的食物來源主要是微生物。故選C。11．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor’sattitudetofarming?A．Doubtful. B．Positive.C．Disapproving. D．Unclear.答案B解析觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第二段第一句、第三段最后一句和第四段最后一句可知，作者認(rèn)為新型農(nóng)業(yè)可以解決人類面臨的糧食危機(jī)，而且人們的主要食物來源會改變，同時食物也會更實(shí)惠、更健康，以上評價都是正向的，因此最能描述作者對新型農(nóng)業(yè)的觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度是“積極的”。故選B。DItshouldn’tcomeasnewstoanyonethattheplanetismovingquicklytowardsaclimateemergency.Andfastfashioncertainlyplaysitspartinthis.Fastfashionbrands，whichreleasehundredsofnewstyleseveryweek，havecausedtrendscyclestospeeduprapidly，leadingtooverproductionandoverconsumption.Britishshoppersarebuyingtwiceasmuchaswedidadecadeagoandbothbrandsandconsumersarethrowingaway“unfashionable”clothingmoreoften—over￡300,000ofitendsupinlandfilleveryyear.Howdowesolvethisissue?Oneanswerliesinthenewgenerationofmade-to-orderbrandsmakingtheirwayintothemainstream.Thesebrandsmakeclothesonlyasandwhenthey’reordered，andbecausethere’snooverproduction，lessunwantedstockendsupinlandfills.Theyalsopromoteaslowerfashionmodel，withpiecestakingbetweenthreeweeksandthreemonthstoarriveoncepurchased.Thefocusisoncreatingspecial，well-madepiecesforconsumerstotreasureforyearstocome.Made-to-orderfashionisnothingnew.Untilthemid-20thcentury，itwasthenorm.However，the1960sbroughtaboutthedawnoffastfashionandashiftinourrelationshipwithourclothes.Thevalueonceplacedoncraftsmanshipandqualitywasreplacedbythedesireforlowcostandvolume，resultingincut-costproductionandtheattitudethatclothingshouldbecheapanddisposable.Ofcourse，made-to-orderfashionhascontinuedtoexistalongsidethis，thoughresearchclearlyshowsthatfastfashionprevails(盛行)．Cueamade-to-orderbrandbringingbespoke(定制)backtothemainstream.SpanishbrandAlasfeaturesaslowbusinessmodel.Ittakesorderseachweekwhicharethenhandmadeanddeliveredinaboutthreeweeks.Italsorevolvesaroundanon-demandproductionprocessthatrewardsconsumersfor“pre-plannedresponsibleshopping.”Everyweek，theylaunchanewdrop，availabletopre-orderforadiscountedrateforalimitedtime.Frompre-order，Alasdetermineshowpopulareachnewitemisandcalculateshowmanyunitsshouldbeproducedtofulfillbothpre-ordersandfuturefull-priceorders，thereforereducingtheoverproductionofstock.Withmade-to-orderbrandsgrowinginpopularity，itbegsthequestion—couldthisbethedawnofanew，environmentallyresponsibleera?Theanswerisself-evident.語篇解讀這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了快時尚導(dǎo)致生產(chǎn)過剩和消費(fèi)過度，對環(huán)境產(chǎn)生影響，在這種情況下，定制時尚受到人們的歡迎，它為一個新的、對環(huán)境負(fù)責(zé)的時代帶來曙光。12．Whatdothefirsttwoparagraphsmainlyshow?A．Ourstrongdesireforfashion.B．Thefastdevelopmentoffashionindustry.C．Theurgentneedforadifferentfashionmodel.D．Theadvantagesanddisadvantagesoffastfashion.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容和第二段第一句可知，快時尚品牌的經(jīng)營模式導(dǎo)致生產(chǎn)過剩和消費(fèi)過度，進(jìn)而加快了氣候危機(jī)。因而，我們需要一種不同于快時尚的時尚模式，來解決這個問題。由此可知，前兩段主要展示了對一種不同的時尚模式的迫切需要。故選C。13．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inparagraph5referto?A．Theshadowoffastfashion.B．Thevalueplacedonquality.C．Theshifttowardsagreenlifestyle.D．Thecriticismforcheapnessandquantity.答案A解析代詞指代題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容和畫線詞后文“thoughresearchclearlyshowsthatfastfashionprevails(盛行)”可知，上文介紹了定制時尚是先于快時尚出現(xiàn)的，后來快時尚出現(xiàn)，但定制時尚仍然存在。由此可知，畫線單詞所在句指的是定制時尚仍然存在于快時尚的陰影之下，“this”指代“快時尚的陰影”。故選A。14．WhatdoestheexampleofSpanishbrandAlastellus?A．Therewardmechanismisamustinslowfashion.B．Ittakespatienceandthoughttobuymade-to-orderitems.C．Thepre-ordermodelreducesthecostofpurchasingbrands.D．Consumershaveasayabouthowtheirordersareproduced.答案B解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第三、四、五句可知，西班牙品牌Alas號召消費(fèi)者進(jìn)行預(yù)先計(jì)劃的、負(fù)責(zé)任的購物。由此可知，西班牙品牌Alas的例子告訴我們購買定制商品需要耐心和深思熟慮，要進(jìn)行負(fù)責(zé)任的購物。故選B。15．Asforthefutureofmade-to-orderfashion，theauthoris.A．a(chǎn)nxious B．confidentC．puzzled D．curious答案B解析觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容可知，作者在文章中介紹定制品牌越來越受歡迎，并且對環(huán)境有利，再結(jié)合最后一句“Theanswerisself-evident.(答案是不言而喻的)”可知，作者認(rèn)為定制時尚會為一個新的、對環(huán)境負(fù)責(zé)的時代帶來曙光。由此可推斷，關(guān)于定制時尚的未來，作者是有自信的。故選B。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五Humanshavebeenknowntodevelopstrongconnectionswithdangerousanimals.WernerFreund，aged79，hasspentthelast40yearsofhislifeinthecompanyofwolves.Whilewhytheformersoldierbecameattachedtothesebeautifulwildanimalsisalittleunclear，hehasbeencaringforthemsince1972.1Thus，Wernerhasthegreatabilitytosurviveintheperiodofenteringthisgroupofanimalsandgettingalongwiththesecold-bloodedcreatures.2Theytouchhimwithnoses，playwithhim.What’smore，theyaregenerallyverysubmissivewhenheisaround，justliketheywouldbearoundaheadwolf!This，however，doesnothappenbychance.3Wheneverit’sfeedingtime，hecallshispacktocomefortherawmeatbyhowling.Asthehungryanimalsrushtogettheirfood，they