中考英語(yǔ)作文講座

作文講座人教版九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)朝陽(yáng)鄉(xiāng)第二中學(xué)吳繼艷

對(duì)于中考作文具體要求的理解。

對(duì)于作文四條要求的解析:第一條要求分為六項(xiàng)來(lái)理解：

1）“請(qǐng)根據(jù)提供的信息材料和話題”我們理解為找準(zhǔn)關(guān)鍵字，不要遺漏重要提示與信息，充分展示所獲信息的完整性與準(zhǔn)確性，要緊扣主題，文體符合要求，千萬(wàn)不要跑題。2)“結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)”我們理解為結(jié)構(gòu)合理，首尾呼應(yīng)。

3）“條理清晰”我們理解為語(yǔ)言內(nèi)容要富含邏輯性，過(guò)渡自然，中心思想突出，段落內(nèi)容清晰完整一目了然。

4）“語(yǔ)言豐富優(yōu)美”我們理解為文章的詞匯含量大，用詞準(zhǔn)確，語(yǔ)言地道，富含思想和嫻熟的語(yǔ)言應(yīng)用技能，給人以美感。5）“語(yǔ)法準(zhǔn)確”我們理解為語(yǔ)言符合英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言的語(yǔ)法規(guī)律及習(xí)慣，避免語(yǔ)病。

6）“可讀性強(qiáng)”我們理解為要有一定數(shù)量的關(guān)聯(lián)詞,復(fù)合句,諺語(yǔ)美句和修辭等。從而使語(yǔ)言流暢，符合邏輯，如英語(yǔ)人士所講究的“Letthestreamflow.”

第二條要求“至少80字”我們理解為多者不限，但也不能毫無(wú)限制。據(jù)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，高分作文的字?jǐn)?shù)一般在120字以上，這樣的作文視覺(jué)效果好，也能把內(nèi)容寫(xiě)的較豐滿些。第三條要求“不得使用真實(shí)姓名地名和校名”，好達(dá)到，只要注意就可以了。第四條要求“題目自擬”我們理解為題目一定要反映出文章的主題思想，簡(jiǎn)潔明了就好，并注意題目的每個(gè)字母都要大寫(xiě)。英語(yǔ)作文評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)一等文：(12-15分)包含所有要點(diǎn)，短文結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，內(nèi)容充實(shí)，意思連貫，表達(dá)清楚，語(yǔ)言基本無(wú)誤，詞數(shù)符合要求。二等文:(9-11分)漏掉一個(gè)內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)，短文結(jié)構(gòu)較為合理，內(nèi)容較為充實(shí)，表達(dá)基本清楚，語(yǔ)言有少量錯(cuò)誤，詞數(shù)基本符合要求。三等文：(6-8分)漏掉較多要點(diǎn)，短文結(jié)構(gòu)不夠合理，內(nèi)容不夠充實(shí)，表達(dá)基本清楚，語(yǔ)言有較多錯(cuò)誤，但尚能達(dá)意。四等文：(0-5分)基本不成文，只寫(xiě)了個(gè)別句子或單詞。英語(yǔ)作文評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)一等文：（12-15分）包含所有要點(diǎn)，短文結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，內(nèi)容充實(shí)，意思連貫，表達(dá)清楚，語(yǔ)言基本無(wú)誤，詞數(shù)符合要求。如何寫(xiě)好記敘文記敘文是寫(xiě)人記事的文章，主要用于說(shuō)明事件的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、起因、過(guò)程和結(jié)果。也就是我們所說(shuō)的五個(gè)W(what,who,when,where,why)和一個(gè)H（how)。記敘文重點(diǎn)在于“述說(shuō)”和“描寫(xiě)”。因此一篇好的記敘文要敘述條理清楚，描寫(xiě)生動(dòng)形象。標(biāo)題文章分三段第一段引出話題第二段交代時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、起因、過(guò)程和結(jié)果重在寫(xiě)過(guò)程第三段呼應(yīng)開(kāi)頭升華主題時(shí)光飛逝，轉(zhuǎn)眼四年的初中生活即將結(jié)束，經(jīng)過(guò)努力，同學(xué)們將離開(kāi)母校，到自己滿意的高中繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)。在這四年的與老師、同學(xué)的親密接觸中，一定有許多事讓你難以忘懷。請(qǐng)你選取其中的一件事寫(xiě)一篇短文，來(lái)與我們分享你美好的記憶吧。ANUNGORGETTABLEEXPERIENCE

Duringthefouryearsinthemiddleschool,wehaveexperiencedalottogetherwithourteachersandclassmates.Someoftheexperiencesarepleasant,someofthemaresad.Butnomatterwhatitwas,itwouldbeoursweetmemory.They’relikestarsshininginourmemory.Let’sshareoneofthem.

Itwasafterthefirstsnowthatwinter.MrsWangpromisedtomakeasnowmanwithusatnoon.Howexcited!Wecouldn’twait.Wecountedeveryminuteinheart.

Thebellfinallyrang.Allofusrushedoutoftheclassroomandflewtotheplayground.Immediately,webegantocooperate.Boysvolunteeredtomakeasnowpile.Girlswerebusymakingabigsnowball.Itwouldbeusedasthesnowman’shead.Someofthestudentswenttolookforeyes,anoseandamouthforthesnowman.Aswewerebusybuildingoursnowman,asnowballflewovermyhead.Severalnaughtyboyswerethrowingsnowballs.Theyranafteroneanotheracrosstheplayground.Thewholeschoolyardwasfilledwithlaughter.Andthesnowmanwasfinallyfinished.Itwasreallyalovelyone.Idressedhimwithmyhat,andTomputhisglassesoverhiseyes.Wecrowdedaroundhimandhadapicturetaken.Thepleasantmomentwasrecordedforever.

Iwill

neverforgetthatexperience.Itbroughtmebacktomychildhood.IthadbeenalongtimesinceIenjoyedmyselfinthesnowlasttime.AgainIfeltthefunthenatureoffersus.Ithaspassed,butitleavesmeagreataftertaste.Ireallyappreciatethepleasureitbroughtmeinthebusyandboringstudy.審題時(shí)光飛逝，轉(zhuǎn)眼四年的初中生活即將結(jié)束，經(jīng)過(guò)努力，同學(xué)們將離開(kāi)母校，到自己滿意的高中繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)。在這四年的與老師、同學(xué)的親密接觸中，一定有有許多事讓我們難以忘懷，請(qǐng)你選取其中的一件事寫(xiě)一篇作文，來(lái)與我們分享你美好的記憶吧。Duringthefouryearsinthemiddleschool,wehaveexperiencedalottogetherwithourteachersandclassmates.Someoftheexperiencesarepleasant,someofthemaresad.Butnomatterwhatitwas,itwouldbeoursweetmemory.They’relikestarsshininginourmemory.Let’sshareoneofthem.每個(gè)人在成長(zhǎng)的過(guò)程中，總會(huì)有自己追求崇拜的偶像，他們的事跡以及潛藏于他們內(nèi)心深處的某種精神影響、感染著我們，激勵(lì)著我們不斷前行。你心中的偶像是誰(shuí)呢？請(qǐng)你以一件事為例，向我們介紹一位你所崇拜的偶像吧。Ineverybody’sheart,therelivesanidol,apersonweadmire.Suchpeoplealwayshaveagreatinfluenceonus,andwecanlearnalotfromthem.Theyeitherinspireustoimproveallthetimeorteachustofeellife.Theirspirits;theirwordsandtheiractionsarealllikeanavigationlightwhichleadsandadjustsourdirections.HereI’dlikeyoutoknowthepersonIadmire.慎重選材，合理安排文章結(jié)構(gòu)所選素材應(yīng)注意積極向上，且是你熟悉的，有話可說(shuō)的話題，記述一件事情時(shí)，要有一定的順序，要讓讀者能弄清事物的來(lái)龍去脈，所選素材要注意取舍，從文章需要出發(fā)，主次分明，詳略得當(dāng)。

ItwasaFridayafternoon,Iwasreadytoleaveschool.Itbegantorain.IwaswonderinghowIcouldgethomewithoutanumbrella,myfriendSusancameupandsaid,“Comeon,I’llsendyouhome.”ThenwesteppedintotheraintogetherItwasafterthefirstsnowthatwinter.MrsWangpromisedtomakeasnowmanwithusatnoon.Howexcited!Wecouldn’twait.Wecountedeveryminuteinheart.Thebellfinallyrang.Allofusrushedoutoftheclassroomandflewtotheplayground.Immediately,webegantocooperate.Boysvolunteeredtomakeasnowpile.Girlswerebusymakingabigsnowball.Itwouldbeusedasthesnowman’shead.Someofthestudentswenttolookforeyes,anoseandamouthforthesnowman

Everyyear,myparentsgavemegiftsbeforedinner.Soasusual,Iwaslookingforwardtothatmoment.Whentheboxwasopened,myfathersaidgently,buttomymother,“Thisisforyou,honey.Thanksforgivingmesuchanicekid.”Iwassurprised,widelyopeningmyeyeswhichwasfullofconfusion.

Lastyear,myparentstookmetoDalianbytrain.Dalianisabeautifulcity.Theroadstherearewideandclean.Moderntallbuildingsstandalong.Andthepeopletherearefriendlyandwarm.Butwhatimpressedmemostistheseathere.以寫(xiě)人為主的記敘文，所選素材應(yīng)能充分表達(dá)人物特征，同時(shí)要有外貌描寫(xiě)。外貌描寫(xiě)要緊緊烘托人物的性格特征。MYFATHER

Ineverycourseofourlife,we’llmeetdifferentpeoplewhoarethereforus.AndIalwaysbelievemyfatheristhepersonwhoGodsendstoprotectme.Hegivesmebelief,courageandwill.

Myfatherisatallandthinman.Throughhisglasses,Icanalwaysseewisdomandwillpowershininginhiseyes.Ilikecooperatingwithhimtofinishtasks.Thenwehadthatexperience.“Susan,look!Doyoustillrememberthebike?”askedmyfatherwhileIwasbusycollectingmyoldbooksandtryingtofindroomforthem.HowcouldIforgetit.Itwasthegiftformytenthbirthday.IwasexcitedwhenIreceivedthegift.Iaskedmyfathertoteachmetotravelonthebike.Butoutofmyexpectation,ridingabikewasnotaseasyasIthought.First,myfatherhelditforme.Afterawhile,heletmegomyself.Iwasafraid.Iurgedforhelp.Butherefused.Ihadseveralfalls,heonlyencouragedmetogetup,butdoingnothing.Mykneeshurtbadly,Iwantedtostop.He,however,didn’tcareaboutthatatall.“Getup!Go!Quick!”hekeptsaying.I’veneverseenhimbesostrict.Ididashesaid.Aftertwohours,Imadeit.Icouldride.Hesmiled,“Mygirl.Lifeislikelearningtoride.Aslongasyouyourselfkeepup,youcansucceed.”

Thebikebroughtmebacktothatmemory.SoformanyyearsIhavebeenthankingmyfatherforteachingmethewaytofacelife.ThecharactersI’velearntfromhimhelpmeovercomethedifficultiesandkeepmovingon.立意高遠(yuǎn)，視角獨(dú)特。

Foreverybirthday,myparentsmadeabigdinnerforme.Onthemorningofmyninthbirthday,WhileIwasimaginingthedeliciousdishes,anideacameintomymind.“Whynotmakeasimplebreakfastformyparents?”ThenIslippedoutofthebedandquietlycameintothekitchen.

AssoonasIsteppedintothemountain,Ifeltthecoolness.Lookingup,Isawthethickleavesoverourheads.Theyprotectedusfromthestrongsunshine.MyparentsandIwalkedalongthepath.Weenjoyedtheprettyflowersandwatchedthestrangestonesandoldtrees.Howwonderfulthenatureis!動(dòng)詞的使用動(dòng)詞的巧妙使用和富于變化，能夠使得文章生動(dòng)，鮮明，而不乏味。句式變換長(zhǎng)短句結(jié)合。Itwasafterthefirstsnowthatwinter.MrsWangpromisedtomakeasnowmanwithusatnoon.Howexcited!Wecouldn’twait.Wecountedeveryminuteinheart.Thebellfinally

rang.Allofusrushedoutoftheclassroomandflewtotheplayground.Immediately,webegantocooperate.…Abirthdaymeansadayonwhichwehonoranewlifecomingintotheworld.Werespectlife,sobirthdayiscelebrated.Childrenlikebirthdaysbecauseofparties,giftsandeverythingelsepleasant,andsodoI.However,aspecialbirthdayinthatsummerimpressedmemostandisreallyunforgettable.語(yǔ)言描寫(xiě)符合人物身份、年齡特點(diǎn)引用語(yǔ)言不要過(guò)多，力求簡(jiǎn)潔文章點(diǎn)睛之筆，為結(jié)尾升華主題做鋪墊。直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)交替使用引用人物語(yǔ)言要形式多樣

“Thereisnoeasywaytosuccess.”Hebegan,“Itisunavoidabletomeetdifficulties.However,aslongasyouputyourwholeheartintoit,nothingisimpossible.”Hearingthat,hesmiled,“there’snoeasywaytosuccess.It’sunavoidabletomeetdifficulties.However,aslongasyouputyourwholeheartintoit,nothingisimpossible.”Hearingthat,hesmiled,“there’snoeasywaytosuccess.It’sunavoidabletomeetdifficulties.”Lookingintomyeyes,hecontinued,“Butaslongasyouputyourwholeheartintoit,nothingisimpossible.”“What’swrongwithyou?”Tomcameuptomeandasked.Itoldhimallaboutmytrouble.結(jié)尾段要總結(jié)全文，升華主題.

Iwill

neverforgetthatexperience.Itbroughtmebacktomychildhood.IthadbeenalongtimesinceIenjoyedmyselfinthesnowlasttime.AgainIfeltthefunthenatureofferedme.Ithaspassedforyears,butitleavesmeagreataftertaste.Ireallyappreciatethepleasureitbroughtmeinthebusyandboringstudy.學(xué)生存在的問(wèn)題1.語(yǔ)言匱乏，語(yǔ)言表達(dá)的準(zhǔn)確性不高。駕馭語(yǔ)言的能力弱，難以完成中英文的思維轉(zhuǎn)換。2.缺乏生活，不善于觀察生活。3.立意不高。解決辦法1.基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)常抓不懈單詞詞組要堅(jiān)持考，單選題是訓(xùn)練基礎(chǔ)的最佳選擇2.幫助學(xué)生積累素材寫(xiě)作素材主要源于我們的課文和我們所做的閱讀題3.面批作文，即時(shí)指導(dǎo)反復(fù)訓(xùn)練，持之以恒。注意閱讀，積累素材。如何寫(xiě)好說(shuō)明文一文體特點(diǎn)

說(shuō)明文是以說(shuō)明為主要表達(dá)方式的一種文體，或介紹事物的狀態(tài)、性質(zhì)、功能；或闡明事理，目的是給人以知識(shí)。按照不同的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，說(shuō)明文可分不同的類(lèi)別。通常，依據(jù)說(shuō)明對(duì)象與說(shuō)明目的的不同，把說(shuō)明文分為事物說(shuō)明文和事理說(shuō)明文兩大類(lèi)。說(shuō)明對(duì)象是具體事物，說(shuō)明目的是使讀者了解、認(rèn)識(shí)這個(gè)或這類(lèi)事物的特征，我們稱之為事物說(shuō)明文；說(shuō)明對(duì)象是某個(gè)抽象事理，說(shuō)明目的是使讀者明白這個(gè)事理，我們稱之為事理說(shuō)明文二、掌握確定題目的關(guān)鍵詞1）如何...2）怎樣...3）怎樣才能...標(biāo)題多為“HOWTODO...",或是“HOWCANWEDO…”題目是文章的眼睛，是文章靈魂的體現(xiàn)注意寫(xiě)法①位置正中②字母大寫(xiě)③高度概括以2011年中考作文為例(1)：

同學(xué)們，你喜歡閱讀英語(yǔ)美文嗎？你喜歡積累名篇佳句嗎？在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中，正確的閱讀方法可以提高閱讀理解能力。猜測(cè)出生詞，就能準(zhǔn)確辨別詞語(yǔ)含義；查找到主題句，就能快速理解文章；獲取到關(guān)鍵信息，就能合理推斷（infer）作者意圖……請(qǐng)你圍繞“中學(xué)生如何閱讀英語(yǔ)文章(article)”這一話題展開(kāi)思路談?wù)勀愕母邢搿?/p>

要求：請(qǐng)根據(jù)提供的信息材料和話題（不要逐句翻譯），寫(xiě)出結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，條理清晰，語(yǔ)言豐富優(yōu)美，語(yǔ)法準(zhǔn)確，可讀性強(qiáng)的短文。至少80字不得使用真實(shí)姓名，地名和校名。題目自擬。（劃出關(guān)鍵字，搜集主要信息，確定中心思想）１HOWTOREADENGLISHARTICLES"２HOWCANWEREADENGLISHARTICLES題目的寫(xiě)法三、文章的結(jié)構(gòu)

多數(shù)情況下為三段式，在第二段進(jìn)行事理說(shuō)明時(shí)一般分三個(gè)要點(diǎn)去寫(xiě)。但是要謹(jǐn)記文章要以第一人稱we去寫(xiě)。且時(shí)態(tài)多為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。列出提綱

分三段

2.分層說(shuō)明方法步驟，分三個(gè)層次，用first,second,third,每一條有一個(gè)主題句（topicsentence）加上兩三句擴(kuò)展句，其中有一句復(fù)合句，多用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。1.引用材料就現(xiàn)實(shí)狀況提出要說(shuō)明的事理，點(diǎn)題，過(guò)渡句,體現(xiàn)說(shuō)明文，引出下文(諺語(yǔ)，美句）.3.扣說(shuō)明文體，重申此事理，扣題，給人以啟發(fā)，鼓勵(lì)或發(fā)出號(hào)召.（諺語(yǔ)美句）文章的開(kāi)頭寫(xiě)法第一步：闡明現(xiàn)狀，引出主題。第二步：指出重要性，說(shuō)明觀點(diǎn)。第三步：使用過(guò)渡句，體現(xiàn)文體，引出下文。第一步：引出主題的方法（一）可以引用諺語(yǔ)：通常用Asthesayinggoes,....或者Thereisasaying,....句型引入例如：

Asasayinggoes,“Byreadingweenrichthemind.”Thereisasaying,“Goodreadingmethodsmakegoodreading.”第一步：引出主題的方法（二）設(shè)問(wèn)提出觀點(diǎn)例如：DoyoualwaysreadingEnglisharticles？Doyouknowhowtoreadthem?

第一步：引出主題的方法（三）直接開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山陳述觀點(diǎn)。用Asweallknow加一個(gè)...is...句型或者是一個(gè)描述性句子進(jìn)行正面的面的描述Eg:

1Asweallknow

readingEnglisharticlesisnotaveryeasythingformiddlestudents.Notallthestudentscandowiththemwell.

2Nowadays,Englisharticleshavebecomemoreandmoreimportantespeciallyforusmiddleschoolstudents

.

第一步：引出主題的方法（四）運(yùn)用比喻或排比等修辭方法來(lái)引出觀點(diǎn)

DoyoulikereadingEnglisharticles?Doyoulikekeepingthosebeautifulsentencesfromthearticlesinmind?DoyoulikeenjoyingthepleasurefromEnglisharticles?IfyouranswersareYes.（使用排比）第二步：指出重要性，說(shuō)明觀點(diǎn)的方法HavinggoodreadingmethodscannotonlyimproveourEnglish,butalsosaveourtimeHowever,howcanwereadEnglisharticlesSowemustknowhowtoreadEnglisharticles.Therefore,let’slearnhowtoreadEnglisharticles.It’sveryimportanttolearnhowtoreadEnglisharticles.通常用的句型有Sowemustknowhowtodosth或者Therefore,Let`sdosth...或者It`simportantforustodosth..第三步：使用過(guò)渡句，體現(xiàn)文體，引出下文。1）Herearemysuggestions.2)Herearesometipsforyou3)Hereismyadvice4).Herearemyideas5).Letmetellyoumyways6).Accordingtomypersonalidea,thefollowingsuggestionsmaybehelpful.7）Iwillgiveyousomeadvicetoimproveyourreadingskillsandexploreyourreadingabilities.第一段（一）Thereisasaying,“Goodreadingmethodsmakegoodreading.”(引題)Nowadays,Englisharticleshavebecomemoreandmoreimportantespeciallyforusmiddleschoolstudents.(說(shuō)明重要性)

HavinggoodreadingmethodscannotonlyimproveourEnglish,butalsosaveourtime.(點(diǎn)題）

However,howcanwereadEnglisharticles?Herearemyideas.（過(guò)渡）第一段（二）Dearmiddleschoolstudents,doyoulikereadingEnglisharticles?Doyoulikekeepingthosebeautifulsentencesfromthearticlesinmind?DoyoulikeenjoyingthepleasurefromEnglisharticles?（排比，設(shè)問(wèn)引題）IfyouranswersareYes.Iwillgiveyousomeadviceabouthowtoimproveyourreadingskillsandexploreyourreadingabilities.（點(diǎn)題，過(guò)渡）尾段的寫(xiě)法

第一步：扣住文體，首尾呼應(yīng)第二步：總結(jié)全文，重申主題第三步：升華主題，號(hào)召展望第一步：扣住文體，首尾呼應(yīng)總結(jié)性過(guò)渡詞Thesearemyideas/suggestions/tips.Alltheaboveis/aremyideas/suggestions/tips/advice.Thereisnodoubtthat/Asweallknow/Asyouknow…..isveryimportant.Eg.

Thesearemyideas.Thereisnodoubtthatgoodreadingmethodsareimportantforeverymiddlestudent.第二步：總結(jié)全文，重申主題利用諺語(yǔ)或格言總結(jié)全文Asasayinggoes/Thereisasaying:Itisnecessaryforustolearn/knowhowtodo..Eg:Asasayinggoes,“Byreadingweenrichthemind.”It’snecessaryforustolearnhowtoreadEnglisharticles

第三步：升華主題，號(hào)召展望

采納意見(jiàn)的好處

Ifyoudoalloftheabove,youwill…….Ifyoufollowthesepoints,youwillknowhowto…提升觀點(diǎn)，發(fā)出倡議Ihopethat…Whynot…Let’s…,shallwe?Let’shaveatryfromnowon/Let’sgetstarted/takeactionfromnowonEg.Ifyoufollowmyideas.IthinkyoucanreadEnglisharticleseasilyandquickly.Let’sgetstartedfromnowon.尾段

Thesearemyideas(呼應(yīng)).Thereisnodoubtthatgoodreadingmethodsareimportantforeverymiddlestudent.（扣題）

Asasayinggoes,“Byreadingweenrichthemind.”It’snecessaryforustolearnhowtoreadEnglisharticles（總結(jié)）.

Ifyoufollowmyideas.IthinkyoucanreadEnglisharticleseasilyandquickly.（好處）Let’sgetstartedfromnowon.（升華）DoyoulikereadingEnglisharticles?Doyoulikekeepingthosebeautifulsentencesfromthearticlesinmind?DoyoulikeenjiyingthepleasurefromEnglisharticles?（排比，設(shè)問(wèn)引題）IfyouranswersareYes.Iwillgiveyousomeadviceabouthowtoimproveyourreadingskillsandexploreyourreadingabilities.

（點(diǎn)題，過(guò)渡）

Thesearemyideas（呼應(yīng)）.Thereisnodoubtthatgoodreadingmethodsareimportantforeverymiddlestudent.（扣題）

Asasayinggoes,“Byreadingweenrichthemind.”It’snecessaryforustolearnhowtoreadEnglisharticles（總結(jié)）.

Ifyoufollowmyideas.IthinkyoucanreadEnglisharticleseasilyandquickly.(重要性)Let’sgetstartedfromnowon.（升華）首段尾段首尾呼應(yīng)2009年中考作文：練習(xí)2

一杯水舉一分鐘很輕松，舉一小時(shí)手臂要酸痛，舉一天你就會(huì)……面對(duì)長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的壓力(pressure)；是走出戶外，呼吸新鮮空氣?還是捧讀書(shū)卷，感悟文字書(shū)香?是促膝交流，體會(huì)友誼溫暖?還是……請(qǐng)你圍繞面對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)壓力如何放松自己這一話題，展開(kāi)思路談?wù)勀愕母邢搿Ｒ螅赫?qǐng)根據(jù)提供的信息材料和話題（不要逐句翻譯），寫(xiě)出結(jié)構(gòu)謹(jǐn)，條理清晰，語(yǔ)言豐富優(yōu)美，語(yǔ)法準(zhǔn)確，可讀性強(qiáng)的短文。至少80字不得使用真實(shí)姓名，地名和校名。題目自擬。HOWTORELAX首段：Thereisasaying,“AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.”(引題)Nowadays,moreandmorepeoplebelievethatworkwithoutrelaxingwilldoharmtoourhealth.（現(xiàn)狀）There’snodoubtthatwe’dbetterrelaxafterworkorstudy.（點(diǎn)題）Buthowcanwerelaxinourdailylife?Herearemyideas。（過(guò)渡）尾段：Thesearemyideas.（呼應(yīng)）Relaxationisimportant.（扣題）Nomatterhowoldyouare,whatyourjobis,itisnecessaryforustolearnhowtorelax.Asasayinggoes,“Lifeisjustlikeahighmountain,weneedtohaveabreakduringclimbing.”（總結(jié)）Ifyoudoalloftheabove,youwilllivemorehappilyandstudybetter.Let’sgetstartedfromnowon。（升華）

練習(xí)3

保護(hù)環(huán)境，人人有責(zé)，我們可以改變生活環(huán)境，我們可以節(jié)約能源，我們可以保護(hù)動(dòng)物，我們可以...環(huán)境是一個(gè)人類(lèi)生存最基本的條件，如果我們破壞了環(huán)境，這等于破壞了我們生存的條件,請(qǐng)你圍繞中學(xué)生如何保護(hù)環(huán)境這一話題，展開(kāi)思路談?wù)勀愕母邢?。?qǐng)根據(jù)提供的信息材料和話題（不要逐句翻譯），寫(xiě)出結(jié)構(gòu)謹(jǐn)，條理清晰，語(yǔ)言豐富優(yōu)美，語(yǔ)法準(zhǔn)確，可讀性強(qiáng)的短文。至少80字不得使用真實(shí)姓名，地名和校名。題目自擬。HOWTOPROTECTTHEENVIRONMENT首段Thereisasaying,“Ourearthisjustourfuture.”Nowadays,peoplebelievethatprotectingtheenvironmenthavebecomemoreandmoreimportant.Protectingtheenvironmentisgoodfornotonlyourlivesbutalsoourhealth.But，asmiddleschoolstudents，howcanweprotecttheenvironment?Herearemyideas.

尾段：Thesearemyideas.ThereisnodoubtthatProtectingtheenvironmentisimportant.Asasayinggoes,“Earthishometohuman.”Itisnecessaryforustolearnhowtoprotecttheenvironment。Ifyoudoalloftheabove,ourearthwillbecomemoreandmorebeautiful.Let’s

takeactionfromnowon

練習(xí)4

在學(xué)校，老師教給我們知識(shí)，教我們做人，老師在我們的成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中付出辛勤的汗水。作為學(xué)生，我們應(yīng)該正確處理好與老師的關(guān)系。請(qǐng)你圍繞初中生應(yīng)該如何與老師相處這一話題，談?wù)勀愕母邢搿OWTOGETALONGWELLWITHTEACHERS首段：Becauseofteachers,weknowhowtobeaman.Becauseofthem,welearnmuchknowledge（排比引題）.Westaywithourteachersfrommorningtoevening.Sogettingalongwellwiththembecomemoreandmoreimportant.（點(diǎn)題）

Butdoyouknowhowtogetalongwithteachers?Here’remysuggestions.（過(guò)渡）尾段：Alltheabovearemyideas.Teachersarelikeourfriends（比喻）.Asasayinggoes,“Ateacherteachesusaday,weregardhimasourfatherduringthewholelife”It’sclearthatit’snecessarytogetalongwithourteachers（扣題）.Remember:Tryourbesttogetalongwellwithteachers（強(qiáng)調(diào)）幸福是100000000…前面的那個(gè)1。財(cái)富、名利、地位是跟在1后面的那些個(gè)0.如果幸福沒(méi)有了，后面的那些0也就毫無(wú)意義，所以擁有幸福是人生最大的目標(biāo)?，F(xiàn)在，我們中學(xué)生的心理狀況也令人擔(dān)憂。飲食結(jié)構(gòu)不合理；體育鍛煉不足；心理壓力大；不能與人很好溝通。請(qǐng)圍繞“中學(xué)生如何擁有幸福”這一話題展開(kāi)思路，談?wù)勀愕母惺堋?/p>

HOWTOGETHAPPINESS首段：Thereisnodoubtthathappinessisthemostpreciousthingintheworld.Withoutit,lifewillbeemptyandmeaningless.Mostpeoplewanttobehappy,butfewpeopleknowhowtogethappiness.ifyouwishtoknowit,herearesomewaystohelpyoubehappier尾段Thesearemyideas.Happinessisimportantforeveryone.

Asasayinggoes:”Richesdonotalwaysbringhappiness.”Happinessdependsonourselves.Itisnecessaryforustolearnhowtogethappiness。Ifyoufollowmyideas,thehappinesswillbearoundyou.Youcanbecomehappyeasilyandquickly.Let’shaveatryfromnowon.開(kāi)頭結(jié)尾可用的美句

（圍繞話題）1.Notonly….butalso2.比較級(jí)3.There’snodoubtthat4.Wherethereis…,thereis…5.Nomatterhowoldyouare,whatyourjobis,…6.Ifyoudoalloftheabove文章的第二段的寫(xiě)法

1）中間部分要遵循“層層遞進(jìn)，由淺至深”的原則去寫(xiě)。

2）一般要分三點(diǎn)進(jìn)行說(shuō)明。3）每個(gè)主題句的句式盡量一致。4)2-3個(gè)拓展句一定要支持主題句。5)使用2-3種說(shuō)明方法或修辭。需要掌握引出主題句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞（1）First(ly),Second(ly),Third(ly).（2）Firstofall,What`smore,Mostimportantly.(3)Ononehand(side),Ontheotherhand(side),Furthermore或Inaddition...(4)Firstofall,Besides,Lastbutnotleast.主題句常使用的句型（1）祈使句（2）weneedto（3）we’dbetterdosth...（4）wemustdosth（5）It’simportanttodo（6）it’sbettertodobydoing拓展句常使用的句型doingsthis...或者Todosthis...可以用if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句或者用doingsthcan...進(jìn)行結(jié)果性預(yù)測(cè)?；蛘呤荳hen引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句because/soinorderthatI’msurethat定語(yǔ)從句It’sadjfor/ofsbtodosth.It’sbesttodosth.hadbetterdo/notdo….The+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí).So+動(dòng)+主.So+主+動(dòng)。Idon’tthinkthat….get/bereadyforsth.Thereissomething/nothingwrongwith….needtodo…Whynotdo...?Whydon’tyoudo…?I’msure…/I’mnotsurethat….too…to…/not…atall常用句式并列：and,aswellas,or…轉(zhuǎn)折：but,yet,however…因果：so,therefore,asaresult(of)…目的：inorderto,inorderthat,sothat,soasto…列舉：forexample,suchas…時(shí)間：before,after,then,afterthat,while,when…常用關(guān)聯(lián)詞說(shuō)明方法和修辭方式

設(shè)問(wèn)：howcanwe…?引用：Thereisasaying，羅列法：first，second，third舉例子：forexample下定義：Reusingisusingagain.

打比方：Teacherislikeourmother.作比較:

as…as,thesameas…,asthesizeof定語(yǔ)從句First,it’sbettertoreadwellbyguessingnewwords.Theremustbesomewords

wedon’tknowinEnglisharticles.Atthistime，pleasedon’tlookupthedictionaryatonce.Itwillwasteyourtime.Wecanguessthemeaningsofnewwordsfromthesentencesaboveorbelow.Because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句Second,it’sbettertoreadwellbyfindingthetopicsentences.Becausethetopicsentencescanhelpusunderstandthemainideasofthearticlesquickly.Generally,everytopicsentenceisfoundinthefirstorlastparagraph.Inthisway,wecangraspthewholepassage.When引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句Third,it’sbettertoreadwellbyinferringthepurposeofthewriter.WhenwereadEnglisharticles,we’dbettergetsomeimportantinformation.It’sconvenientforustoinfertheauthorandunderstandtheEnglisharticles.HOWTORELAXFirst,we’dbetter

keeptakingexerciseeveryday.Exercisegivesusenergyandstrongbodies.Forexample，wecanwalktoschoolinsteadoftakingabusifwearetoobusy（舉例子）Second,we’dbetterhaveatriponholidays.Wecanexperiencedifferentlifeinotherpartsoftheworld.Whenwetravelinnature,itnotonlymakesusrelaxed,butalsoopensoureyesandenrichesourknowledge.(When引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句）Third,we’dbetter

readagoodbookorenjoyapieceofbeautifulmusic.Readingandlisteningtomusicmakeourlifecolorfulandenjoyable，

soweneeddoit.It’soneoftheeasiestwaystorelax,don’tyouthinkso?(反問(wèn))HOWTOPROTECTTHEENVIRONMENTFirst,weneedtomakeourenvironmentclean.Wecanplantmoreandmoretrees.Whenwegotoschool,we’dbetterridethebike(When引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句)Second,weneedtosaveenergy.Itisoneoftheimportantwaystoprotecttheenvironment.Forexample,whenweleavetheroom,wemustturnoffthelight.Whenwebrushourteeth,wemustturnoffthetaps.（舉例子）Third,weneedtoprotectanimals.Don’teatfrogsandothergoodanimals.Don’tkillwhales，elephants,birdsandsoon.Ifalltheanimalsdieout,therewillbenolivesontheearth.（if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句）HOWTOGETALONGWELLWITHTEACHERSFirst,weshouldrespecteveryteacher.RespectingthepeoplewhoareolderthanusisthetraditionalmannerinChina.Ifwedoit,teacherswillrespectusaswell.（定語(yǔ)從句）

Second,weshouldbethankfultoourteachers.Theytellusallthattheyknowinsteadofhidingalittle.Theydirectourlifetoarightway.Also,goodmarksarethebestrewardsforteachers.（遞進(jìn)的關(guān)聯(lián)詞）

Third,weshouldoftencommunicatewithteachers.Weshouldtalktothemandchangeideaswiththem.Ifwetellthemourfeelings,they’llunderstanduseasily.（

if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句HOWTOGETHAPPINESSFirst,enjoythesimplethingsinlife.Toooften,wespendsomuchtimethinkingaboutthefuture,.Forexample,gettingintoakeyhighschoolorgettingagoodjobsothatwecan’tenjoythepresent.Weshouldenjoypleasures,suchasreadingagoodbook,listeningtoourfavoritemusic,orspendingtimewithclosefriends.

（舉例子）

Second,takecareofourhealth.Asasayinggoes“Onlyastrongmancanenjoythepleasureoflife“.Wecanchoosetoplaysportsorgetintoregularlifehabitstohaveahealthybody.Thehealthierweare,thehappierwebecome.(引用)Third,helpothers.Accordingtostudies,90%peoplefeelgoodwhentheyvolunteertheirtimetodomanymeaningfulthingsforotherpeople.wecanhelpafriendwithhisorherstudies,giveyourseattotheold,orsimplyhelpyourparentsdohousework,suchaswashingthedishesandsoon.（列數(shù)字）（舉例子）ReadingmoreThinkingmoreWritingmore如何寫(xiě)好議論文(三)第二段(二)第一段(四)第三段1）引出話題2.攜帶信息亮明觀點(diǎn)3.（過(guò)渡下文）

First,主題句Second,主題句

Third,主題句拓展句1拓展句2拓展句1拓展句1拓展句2拓展句21.總結(jié)上文

2.重申主題（3.升華主題

4.提出號(hào)召）（一）

標(biāo)題FourParts三段式(回答why)（2012真題）音樂(lè)是另一種語(yǔ)言，在不同的場(chǎng)合會(huì)帶給我們不同的感受。有的同學(xué)認(rèn)為在寫(xiě)作業(yè)時(shí)聽(tīng)音樂(lè)可以讓我們愉悅心情、

放松身體、清醒頭腦；也有一些同

學(xué)認(rèn)為這樣做會(huì)影響思路、感到困倦、

浪費(fèi)時(shí)間……請(qǐng)你圍繞“中學(xué)生該不

該寫(xiě)作業(yè)時(shí)聽(tīng)音樂(lè)”這一話題，展開(kāi)

思路談?wù)勀愕母邢搿?.WESHOULDLISTENTOMUSICWHEN/WHILE/ASWE’REDOINGHOMEWORK

2.WESHOULD/SHOULDN‘TLISTENTOMUSICWHEN/WHILE/WITH/DURINGDOINGHOMEWORK

WESHOULD…WESHOULDN’T…標(biāo)題1.WESHOULD/SHOULDN’TLISTENTOMUSIC2.WESHOULD/SHOULDN’TDOHOMEWORKWHENLISTENINGTOMUSIC3.WELISTENTOMUSICWHENWEAREDOINGOURHOMEWORK4.SHOULDWELISTENTOMUSICWHENDOINGHOMEWORK5.MYOPIONONLISTENINGTOMUSICWHENDOINGHOMEWORK（一）標(biāo)題拼寫(xiě)有誤（二）拼寫(xiě)無(wú)誤但不得分標(biāo)題1）引出話題2）攜帶信息亮明觀點(diǎn)3）過(guò)渡下文（可以不寫(xiě)）第一段第一段議論文常用引題方法開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山法Musicisanotherlanguage,itishelpfulforus…設(shè)問(wèn)法

Doyouthink…..?Shouldwe…….?排比法

Itismusicthat….;Itismusicthat……駁論法

Somestudentswouldliketo…,theythinkitagoodway.ButIdon’tthinkitagoodhabit.Weshoulddolikethat.名言警句法Asaproverbsays“AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy”對(duì)比法SomestudentsthinkdoinglotsofEnglishexercisesisakindofwastingtime.OthersthinkdoinglotsofEnglishexercisescanmakeusimproveourgrades1）引出話題舉例子列數(shù)字Forexample,myfriend…….,butnowhe….becauseof…..Accordingtoarecentsurvey,80%ofthestudents………Notice不可羅列下文的論據(jù)必須使用恰當(dāng)?shù)拿跃?/p>

Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.第一段2）攜帶信息亮明觀點(diǎn)信息點(diǎn)是“中學(xué)生”最好在第一段提出觀點(diǎn)要明確完整。聽(tīng)音樂(lè)和做作業(yè)缺一不可Inmyopinion,asmiddleschoolstudents,weshould/shouldn’tlistentomusicwhenwearedoingourhomework.論點(diǎn)的提出Ithinkweshould/shouldn’t….Inmyopinion,weshould/shouldn’t….Tomymind,weshould/shouldn’t…Shouldwe….?Ithinktheansweris“yes”Somepeoplethink….ButIdon’tthinkso.第一段3）過(guò)渡下文Herearemyreasons/opinions.Listentomyreasons/opinions.不要寫(xiě)成Herearemysuggestions.第一段比喻第一段名言警句強(qiáng)調(diào)排比設(shè)問(wèn)亮出觀點(diǎn)Asasayinggoes,“AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.”Itismusicthatcanmakeourlifefullofcolor.Itismusicthatcanstopusfrombeingtired.Musicislikethesunthatcanmakeourlifewarm.Asmiddleschoolstudents，shouldwelistentothemusicwhenwedoourhomework?Inmyopinion,weshouldlistentothemusicwhenwedoourhomework.例文第二段First,主題句Second,主題句Third,主題句拓展句1拓展句2拓展句2拓展句1拓展句1拓展句2回答why第二段表議論順序的常用關(guān)聯(lián)詞1.(the)first,(the)second,(the)third，(the)last2.firstly,secondly,thirdly,finally3.inthefirstplace,inthesecondplace,inthethirdplace4.tobeginwith,then,furthermore,finally5.tostartwith,next,inaddition,finally6.firstandforemost,besides,lastbutnotleast7.themostimportantofall,moreover,finally8.ontheonehand,ontheotherhand,9.foronething,foranotherthing

表并列或遞進(jìn):and,both…and,neither…nor,notonly…butalso,aswell,asw