九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法丨賓語(yǔ)從句精講精練

九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法丨賓語(yǔ)從句精講精練賓語(yǔ)從句的用法(一)賓語(yǔ)從句是指在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)的句子,九年級(jí)學(xué)生主要學(xué)習(xí)的是由that,if,whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。1.當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句由陳述句變化而來(lái)時(shí),由that來(lái)引導(dǎo)從句,其中的that無(wú)具體意義,在口語(yǔ)中可以省略。如:IbelievethatIcangetgoodresultsinthismathtest.我相信在這次數(shù)學(xué)測(cè)試中我能取得好成績(jī)。Ibelievethatourteamwillwinthebasketballmatch.我相信我們隊(duì)會(huì)在這場(chǎng)籃球比賽中獲勝。TheteachersaidthatLiLanisaworking-hardchild.老師說(shuō)李蘭是一個(gè)努力學(xué)習(xí)的孩子。AcademicianZhongNanshansaidthatweshouldtakethenewepidemicsituationseriously.鐘南山院士說(shuō)我們應(yīng)該認(rèn)真對(duì)待新的疫情。AcademicianLiLanjuansaidthataftertheendoftheepidemic,thenationalshouldsetupacorrectlifeorientationandacorrectoutlookonlifeforyoungpeople.李蘭娟院士表示，疫情結(jié)束后，國(guó)家應(yīng)該為青少年樹(shù)立正確的生活取向和人生觀。2.當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句由一般疑問(wèn)句變化而來(lái)時(shí)，可用if或whether來(lái)引導(dǎo),意為“是否”。從句部分用陳述語(yǔ)序。如:MymotheraskedmeifIwenttothelibraryyesterday?媽媽問(wèn)我昨天是否去圖書(shū)館了。Theteacheraskedhimif/whetherheunderstoodtheproblem?老師問(wèn)他是否理解這道題了。3.賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài):如果主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)可根據(jù)具體情況而定;如果主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí),賓語(yǔ)從句也常用相應(yīng)的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。如:Iknow(that)LiLeiisahard-workingstudent.我知道李雷是一個(gè)努力學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)生。Iknow(that)hewillgotoBeijingtomorrow.我知道他明天將去北京。Hesaidhismotherwouldvisithisgrandmother.他說(shuō)他媽媽將去看望他外婆。4.如果賓語(yǔ)從句表示客觀事實(shí)或真理時(shí),其時(shí)態(tài)不受主句限制,一律用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。①Thegeographyteachertoldusthatthesunrisesintheeast.地理老師告訴我們太陽(yáng)從東方升起。②Thephysicsteachertoldusthatthespeedoflightisfasterthanthatofsound.物理老師告訴我們光速比音速快。③Mothersaidtheearthgoesaroundthesun.媽媽說(shuō)地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。【練一練】一、用that,what,how,if或whether填空。1.WangHongsaid_____shewascookingatsixyesterdaymorning.2.lwonder____lcangetsomeadvicefromyou.3.Idon'tknow____ornottheywillcometohelpus.4._____usefultheiPhoneXRis!ButIcan'tafordit.5._____awonderfultalentshowtheyperformedinourschoolyesterday!6._____nicechildrenSimonandJimare!TheyhelpMrs.Licleanthehouseeveryday.7.Ourgeographyteachersaid____theearthgoesaroundthesun.8.______dangerousitisforachildtoswimaloneinariver!9._____anexcitingbasketballmatch!MiamiHeatbeatNewYorkKnicksatlast.10._____goodadvicetheteachergaveme!二、將下列句子合并為含賓語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句。1.AreyoufromAmerica?Heaskedme._____________________________________________________________2.Sheisagoodgirl.Theteachertoldus.___________________________________________________3.Theearthisround.Momtoldme.______________________________________________________________4.Jackgavemeabookyesterday.Iremember.______________________________________________________5.WilltheyleaveforBeijingnextweek?Iwonder.________________________________________________________________三、根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子,每空一詞。1.你知道格林先生是否來(lái)自美國(guó)嗎?Doyouknow_____Mr.Green____fromAmerica?2.多么優(yōu)美的音樂(lè)!我非常喜歡它。______________!Ilikeitverymuch.3.托尼工作多么努力啊!_________Tony__________!4.Idon'tknow_____themoviestar________ornot.5.她說(shuō)她一周后要飛往日本。Shesaid_____she______________Japaninaweek.賓語(yǔ)從句的用法[二]一、特殊疑問(wèn)句的賓語(yǔ)從句當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句是由連接代詞who,whom,whose，what,which或連接副詞where,when,how,why等引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí),這時(shí)特殊疑問(wèn)詞就是賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞,從句部分要用陳述語(yǔ)序。如:Iwanttoknowhowtousethiscomputer.我想知道如何使用這臺(tái)電腦。ldon'tknowwhatheis.我不知道他是做什么工作的。Shedidn'tknowwhereshewouldgo.她不知道她要去哪里。Nooneknowswherehecomesfrom.沒(méi)有人知道他來(lái)自哪里。二、賓語(yǔ)從句與簡(jiǎn)單句的轉(zhuǎn)換在賓語(yǔ)從句中,當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句是特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí),我們可以把特殊疑問(wèn)句充當(dāng)?shù)馁e語(yǔ)從句轉(zhuǎn)換成復(fù)合不定式短語(yǔ),在句中作及物動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)。如:①WillyoupleasetellmehowIcangettheseinformation?=Willyoupleasetellmehowtogettheseinformation?請(qǐng)你告訴我怎樣獲得這些信息好嗎?②CanyoutellmewhenwewillarriveinBeijing?=CanyoutellmewhentoarriveinBeijing？你能告訴我我們將在什么時(shí)候到達(dá)北京嗎?三、只用whether不用if的情況①引導(dǎo)介詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)。laminterestedinwhetherhejoinsthearmy.我對(duì)他是否人伍感興趣。②直接與ornot連用時(shí)。Ican'tsaywhetherornothewillcomeontime.他能否準(zhǔn)時(shí)來(lái)，我說(shuō)不準(zhǔn)。I'mnotsurewhetherornotMaryiscomingtomybirthdayparty.我不確定瑪麗是否會(huì)來(lái)參加我的生日聚會(huì)。③引導(dǎo)動(dòng)詞discuss后的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)。They'rediscussingwhetherweshouldvisittheSummerPalacetomorrow.他們正在討論我們明天是否去參觀頤和園。④賓語(yǔ)從句前置于句首時(shí)。Whetherthisistrueornot,I'mnotsure.這是不是真的，我不敢肯定。WhetherheisgoingtoAustralia?Idon'tknow.他是否要去澳大利亞?我不知道?！咀⒁狻竣僭谟胕f會(huì)引起歧義時(shí)也只能用whether。Pleasetellmeifhecancometomybirthdayparty.這句話(huà)可以理解為:“如果他能來(lái)參加我的生日聚會(huì)，請(qǐng)告訴我?！被颉罢?qǐng)告訴我他能否來(lái)參加我的生日聚會(huì)?！比绻磉_(dá)第二種意思，只能用whether。②與動(dòng)詞不定式連用時(shí)也只能用whether。TomorrowmotherwilltelluswhethertotraveltoBeijing.明天媽媽將告訴我們是否去北京旅游。四、賓語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)注意的事項(xiàng)1.賓語(yǔ)從句一定要用陳述語(yǔ)序。MymotheraskedmewhenwewouldhaveanEnglishtest.我媽媽問(wèn)我什么時(shí)候會(huì)有一個(gè)英語(yǔ)測(cè)試。2.賓語(yǔ)從句的否定前移當(dāng)主句是般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是第一人稱(chēng)w.Ei主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是表示“想，，認(rèn)為"等意義的動(dòng)詞，如think,believe,suppose等時(shí)，若后面的從句是否定意義。從句的否定般要轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中，即:否定前移。其反意疑問(wèn)句的人稱(chēng)和時(shí)態(tài)通常與賓語(yǔ)從句一致。①I(mǎi)don'tthinkLiMingisanhonestchild，ishe?我認(rèn)為李明不是個(gè)誠(chéng)實(shí)的孩子，是嗎?②Idon'tthinkhecanplaythepiano，canhe?我認(rèn)為他不會(huì)彈鋼琴，對(duì)嗎？③Idon'tbelieveheisclever,ishe?我認(rèn)為他不聰明，是嗎?3.賓語(yǔ)從句不能省略that的情況在that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中，連接詞that只起引導(dǎo)作用，無(wú)具體意義，在從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，因此在口語(yǔ)或者非正式文體中常常省略。但在下列情況中不能省略：(1)句中出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)。由并列連詞連接的兩個(gè)或多個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，只有第一個(gè)從句中的that可以省去，其余并列賓語(yǔ)從句中that全要保留。Tomsaid(that)hehadfinishedreadingthebookandthathewouldreadanotherone.湯姆說(shuō)他已讀完了這本書(shū),想再讀一本。【拓展】當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞或從句中時(shí)，that不能省略。Mostpeoplecouldn'tbelievethatwhathehadwrittenwastrue.大多數(shù)人不相信他所寫(xiě)的是真的。(2)that從句中又有其他從句時(shí)。IwanttoknowthatifyouaregoingtoBeijing。我想知道你是否去北京。Iamafraidthatifyou'vebrokenit,youmustpayforit.你如果損壞了它，恐怕必須賠償。(3)it作形式賓語(yǔ)代替that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)。Theytookitforimportantthatwewouldhelpthem.他們認(rèn)為我們幫助他們很重要。(4)當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)是this,that或者被this,that修飾時(shí)。Shesaidthatthisbookwasveryuseful.她說(shuō)這本書(shū)非常有用。Hetoldusthatthatwaswhyhewaslate.他告訴我們那就是他遲到的原因。(5)當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句是雙賓語(yǔ)中的直接賓語(yǔ)時(shí)。LiLeitoldmethathewouldputsomesignsontheenvelope.李雷告訴我，他會(huì)在信封上做一些標(biāo)記。(6)當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句前有插入語(yǔ)時(shí)。Wetoldhimonceagainthatthiswouldneverhappen.我們?cè)俅胃嬖V他，這種事情絕不會(huì)發(fā)生。4.賓語(yǔ)從句的簡(jiǎn)化(1)當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)相同，且主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是hope,wish,decide,agree,choose等時(shí)，從句可簡(jiǎn)化為動(dòng)詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。IhopethatIcanvisittheGreatWall.=IhopetovisittheGreatWall.我希望能觀長(zhǎng)城。(2)當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)相同，且主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是know，remember,forget,learn等時(shí)，從句可簡(jiǎn)化為“疑問(wèn)詞+動(dòng)詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。Ididn'tknowhowIcoulddealwithit.=Ididn'tknowhowtodealwithit.我不知道怎么處理這件事。(3)當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是see,watch,hear等感官動(dòng)詞時(shí)，從句可簡(jiǎn)化為“賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)，賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)為不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式或者動(dòng)詞-ing形式。Amysawthewalletwaslyingonthefloor.=Amysawthewalletlyingonthefloor.愛(ài)米看見(jiàn)錢(qián)包躺在地板上。(4)賓語(yǔ)從句有時(shí)也可簡(jiǎn)化為名詞或名詞短語(yǔ)。Wedon'tbelievewhatthegirlsaid.=Wedon'tbelievethegirl'swords我們不相信那個(gè)女孩所說(shuō)的話(huà)。【溫馨提示】賓語(yǔ)從句還可以簡(jiǎn)化為“it+形容詞+動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)”的形式。IfoundthatitwasimportanttolearnEnglishwell.=IfounditimportanttolearnEnglishwell.我發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)好英語(yǔ)很重要。Ifinditeasytoworkouttheproblem.我發(fā)現(xiàn)解出這道題很容易?！揪氁痪殹恳弧⒏鶕?jù)句意,用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B接代詞或連接副詞填空。1.--Doyouknow____themanwithsunglassesis?一I'mnotsure.Maybeareporter.2.Henevertoldus____helivedwith.3.MissGreendidn'ttellusWh_she'livedin2002，butnowshelivesinourschool.4.Canyoutellme____hedidnotturnoffthelightwhenhelefttheclassroom?--Doyouremember____hecamehere?-OfcourseIdo.Hisfatherdrovehimhere.6.-I'mwaitingforthemail.Doyouknow____itwillarrive?---Usuallyitcomesby4:00.二、單項(xiàng)選擇。()1.-Canyouguess___theNikesportsshoes?一Yes,maybeheaskedhisgrandpatopayforthem,Ithink.A.howdidhepayforB.howhepaidforC.whydidhebuyD.whyhebought()2.Couldyoutellme______amomentago?A.whatweretheytalkingaboutB.whataretheytalkingaboutC.whattheyweretalkingaboutD.whattheyaretalkingaboutl（）3.wonder____Janegetsonsowellwithherclassmates.---Becauseshealwayscaresmuchaboutothers.A.whetherB.whoC.whenD.why().SheaskedmeifIknew____A.whosepenisitB.whose,penitwasC.whosepenitisD.whosepenwasit()5.Couldyoutellme____A.whenwilltheyleaveBeijingB.whenwouldtheyleaveBeijingC.whentheywillleaveBeijingD.whendidtheyleaveBeijing三、按要求完成句子,每空一詞。1.WhichmoviedidyouwatchlastSunday?(用couldyoutellme改為賓語(yǔ)從句)Couldyoutellme_____lastSunday?2.Pleasetellmewherewecanbuyourtickets.(改為同義句)._______________________________________________________________3.WheredoesAlicelive?(用Idon'tknow改為賓語(yǔ)從句)Idon'tknow_____Alice_______.4.Whatwillhedoto.protecttheanimals?(用IaskedMike改為賓語(yǔ)從句)IaskedMike_____he____dotoprotecttheanimals.5.Whenwillthefootballmatchstart?(用Annawantstoknow改為賓語(yǔ)從句)Annawantstoknow____thefootballmatch_____________.四、根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子,每空一詞。1.你能告訴我你在家是怎么幫助你的父母的嗎?Canyoutellme____________yourparentsathome?2.你能告訴我從這個(gè)地方到凱里民族體育館有多遠(yuǎn)嗎?Canyoutellme___________________fromthisplacetoKailiNationalStadium?3.我不知道他什么時(shí)候會(huì)回來(lái)。Idon'tknowwhenhe____________.4.我們想知道他為什么沒(méi)有做足夠的鍛煉。Wewanttoknowwhyhedidn't_______________________.5.你知道他教什么科目嗎?Doyouknow____subjecthe_____?【賓語(yǔ)從句精題精練】五、將下列句子合并為含有賓語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句。AreyoufromAmerican?Heaskedme._____________________________________