2023-2024學(xué)年度外研版選擇性必修一Unit5Revealing nature學(xué)案

2023-2024學(xué)年度外研版選擇性必修一Unit5Revealingnature學(xué)案eq\a\vs4\al(分類背單詞)Ⅰ.“妙記”簡單詞匯1．seedn． 種子，籽2．samplen. 樣本3．finchn. 雀科鳴禽4．beakn. 鳥嘴，喙5．blamev. 責(zé)怪，指責(zé)；把……歸咎于6．goatn. 山羊7．giantadj. 巨大的，特大的8．spinen. (動植物的)刺，刺毛9．mythn. (古代的)神話10．legendn. 傳說，傳奇(故事)11．waspn. 黃蜂12．rootn. 根13．chillin. 辣椒14．linkv. 把……聯(lián)系起來；連接Ⅱ.“勤回首”易忘詞匯1．disgracen. 丟臉，恥辱2．suspectv. 猜想，懷疑，覺得3．a(chǎn)ncestorn. (動物的)原種，祖先4．declinev. 減少5．tortoisen. 陸龜6．primitiveadj. 原始的，低等的7．worldwideadv. 遍及全世界8．mangroven. 紅樹(一種熱帶樹木，生于水中或水邊，并從樹枝上長出新根須)9．comb－likeadj. 梳狀的10．pesticiden. 殺蟲劑，農(nóng)藥11．fungusn. 真菌(復(fù)數(shù)fungi)12．fungaladj. 真菌的13．cybercrimen. 網(wǎng)絡(luò)犯罪14．centimetren. 厘米Ⅲ.“辨清用準(zhǔn)”形變詞匯1．distantadj.遙遠(yuǎn)的→distancen．距離；遠(yuǎn)處2．geologyn．地質(zhì)學(xué)；地質(zhì)→geologistn．地質(zhì)學(xué)家3．evolvev．進(jìn)化→evolutionn．進(jìn)化(論)；演變4．generatev．產(chǎn)生，創(chuàng)造→generationn．一代；產(chǎn)生；(統(tǒng)稱)一代人5．charactern．性格，品質(zhì)，特征；人物，角色→characteristicn．特征，特性6．detectv．發(fā)現(xiàn)，察覺(尤指不易覺察到的事物)→detectionn．發(fā)現(xiàn)，察覺，偵察Ⅳ.“歸類串記”族群詞匯1．“責(zé)備”一詞多表達(dá)①blamevt.指責(zé)；責(zé)備②chargevt.控告；指責(zé)③accusevt.控告；譴責(zé)④scoldvt.責(zé)罵⑤condemnvt.譴責(zé)；聲討2．de－開頭動詞勤積累①decline下降，減少②depress使沮喪③delight使高興④debate辯論，爭論⑤decrease減少，減?、辒etermine決心⑦declare宣布，宣告3．－ant結(jié)尾形容詞大比拼①distant遙遠(yuǎn)的②abundant豐富的③brilliant杰出的④constant不變的⑤elegant優(yōu)美的⑥tolerant寬容的⑦ignorant無知的eq\a\vs4\al(聯(lián)想積詞塊)Ⅰ.再認(rèn)再現(xiàn)單元內(nèi)詞塊1．a(chǎn)nswer_the_call_ 響應(yīng)號召2．be_a_disgrace_ 是恥辱，是丟臉的事3．date_back_to 追溯到4．over_time 隨著時間的逝去5．of_all_time 一直；始終；有史以來6．be_crowded_with 擠滿7．be_similar_to 和……相似8．a(chǎn)dapt_to 適合；適應(yīng)9．a(chǎn)_variety_of 各種各樣的10．be_blamed_on 歸咎于11．be_native_to 源于……的，原產(chǎn)于……12．so_far 到目前為止Ⅱ.類比串記單元外詞塊1．無被動語態(tài)短語多總結(jié)datebackto 追溯到breakout 爆發(fā)belongto 屬于consistof 由……組成cometrue 變成現(xiàn)實takeplace 發(fā)生2．“充滿……”短語大觀園becrowdedwith 充滿；擠滿beheavywith 充滿befilledwith 被……充滿befullof 充滿fillup 充滿；填滿eq\a\vs4\al(熟背好句好段)Ⅰ.背好句——一句點亮篇1．while引導(dǎo)的狀語從句教材原句WhiletheInternetisaworldwidenetworkofcomputerslinkedbycablesandsatellites,thewoodwidewebislinkedundergroundbyfungi.互聯(lián)網(wǎng)是通過電纜和衛(wèi)星連接的全球計算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，而植物萬維網(wǎng)則是在地下通過真菌連接而成的。推薦佳句①(新教材北師大版必修2佳句)WhiletheInternetcanbringpeopleclosertogether,itcanalsoharmfriendships.雖然互聯(lián)網(wǎng)可以讓人們更親近，但它也會損害友誼。②(新教材人教版選擇性必修3佳句)Whilehispaintingsstillhadreligiousthemes,theyshowedrealpeopleinarealenvironment.盡管他的繪畫仍是宗教主題，但展示了真實環(huán)境中的真實人物。③(新教材譯林版選擇性必修2佳句)WhileAIenthusiastspromiseusabrightfuturewhereintelligentrobotswillbeworkingtoouradvantage,theseundoubtedbenefitsalsobringconcernsandfears.AI的熱烈支持者向我們承諾未來會是美好的，到那時智能機(jī)器人將為人類謀利，但這些毋庸置疑的好處也帶來了憂慮和恐懼。2．theway＋定語從句教材原句Scientistsarelearningmoreeverydayaboutthesecretwaysinwhichplantstalktoeachother.科學(xué)家們每天都在增進(jìn)對植物間相互溝通的秘密方式的了解。推薦佳句①(2022·浙江6月高考寫作)Iwillneverforgetthewaytheylookedatmewhentheyweregivenfood.我永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記當(dāng)他們得到食物時他們看著我的樣子。②(2022·全國甲卷)Thewayyouhandlechopsticksisimportanttoavoidannoyingyourcompanions.你拿筷子的方式很重要，以免惹惱你的同伴。③(新教材人教版選擇性必修1佳句)Wordsareimportant,butthewaypeoplestand,holdtheirarms,andmovetheirhandscanalsogiveusinformationabouttheirfeelings.話語十分重要，但是人們站立、雙手抱臂和移動雙手的姿勢，也能為我們提供有關(guān)他們情感的信息。Ⅱ.背好段——細(xì)節(jié)見功夫情感表達(dá)之“憤怒”Myinnerangerwaslikeagrowingmonster,uncontrollablydrivingmetotheedgeofmadness.BeforeIrealizedit,Iwassobbinginmysister'sroom,withbulletsofwordsfiringthroughmymouth,expressingmylong－burieddissatisfactiontowardsherabsencefrommysnowshovelingexperiences.ThehouseseemedtobeholdingitsbreathwhenIstoppedmyaccusation,stillweeping.我內(nèi)心的憤怒就像一個不斷增長的怪物，不受控制地把我逼到了瘋狂的邊緣。在我意識到它之前，我正在姐姐的房間里抽泣，像子彈一樣的話語從我的口中射出，表達(dá)著藏在我心里很久的對她缺席我鏟雪經(jīng)歷的不滿。當(dāng)我停止控訴仍然在哭泣時，整座房子似乎都在屏住呼吸。[點評]本段中使用了“l(fā)ikeagrowingmonster”與“withbulletsofwordsfiringthroughmymouth”兩處比喻的修辭手法和“uncontrollablydrivingmetotheedgeofmadness”夸張的修辭手法，形象地刻畫了作者內(nèi)心極大的憤怒。常用的描寫人物憤怒的詞匯有：anger,annoy,irritate,furious,withanger,beangrywithsb.等。

Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Thesnailsarenolargerthanonecentimetre(厘米)across.2．Thepolicesuspected(懷疑)himofhavingtakenthemoney.3．Seenfromtheair,theGreatWalllookslikeagiant(巨大的)dragon.4．Theseeds(種子，籽)weresprayedoverthegroundinlargequantitiesbyplanes.5．Roadaccidentshavebeenonthedecline(下降)sincethenewtrafficlawwasintroduced.6．It'sreportedthatthenumberofchildreninchildlaborhasrisento160millionworldwide(遍及全世界)．7．Sheworeasurgicalmaskandrubbergloveswhilesheworkedwiththesesamples(樣品)．8．Manyspecieshavedivergedfromasingleancestor(祖先)．9．Primitive(原始的)humansneededtobeabletoreactlikethistoescapefromdangerousanimals.10．Legend(傳說)hasitthatthelakewasformedbythetearsofagod.Ⅱ.單句語法填空1．Theword“radar”meansradiodetection(detect)andranging.2．Asgeologists(geology),weworkinthefieldmostofthetime.3．Idon'tthinkthatcryingisa“weakness”characteristic(character)ofthefemale.4．Nowadays,theproblemsofgeneration(generate)gapbecomemoreandmoreserious.5．Solongasyoukeeptrying,whatseemstobeadistant(distance)dreamcanbecomeareality.6．Within30years,humanscouldbedebatingwhethertotakechargeoftheirownevolution(evolve)．7.It'sadisgracethattheyarepaidsolittleafterfinishingsotoughwork.8.Moreeffortsmustbemade,becausethepopulationoftheendangeredspeciesinthewildisonthedecline.9.Theimagecreationisdeeprootedinthesociallifeandnationalculture.10.Whetherpollutionisdirectlylinkedto/withthediseaseisunderdebate.Ⅲ.選詞填空becrowdedwith,ofalltime,overtime,adaptto,besimilarto,benativeto,avarietyof,beblamedon,datebackto,sofar1．Ithinkthemostusefulinventionof_all_timeisInternet.2．Thebuswas_crowded_withpassengersgoinghomefrommarket.3．IttookHelenmorethanhalfayeartoadapt_tothelifeinthatAfricancountry.4．Theyoffera_variety_ofactivitiestoexciteyourkid'sinterest.5．Theisland'slandscapeis_similar_toHawaii's,whichattractsmoreandmoretouristseveryyear.6．Thefailureoftheexperimentcannotbe_blamed_onhimalone.7．Thepandais_native_toChina，whichlikeseatingbamboosverymuch.8．Withwonderfulteachersandfriendlyschoolmatesaround,I'vebeenenjoyingmystudyso_far.9．Over_time,_thebestoftheseflowersmighthavebeenselectedandtheseedsmorecarefullypreserved.10．TheDoubleNinthFestivaldating_back_toalongtimeagoisthedayfortheelderlyinourculture.Ⅳ.多維表達(dá)(按要求完成句子)1．(完成句子)雖然我承認(rèn)存在問題，但我并不同意問題無法解決。(while)While_I_admit_that_there_are_problems,_Idon'tagreethattheycannotbesolved.2．(完成句子)是你的鼓勵和耐心激發(fā)了我對這門學(xué)科的興趣。(強(qiáng)調(diào)句型)It_was_your_encouragement_and_patience_thatinspiredmewithinterestinthissubject.3．(一句多譯)如今，計算機(jī)已經(jīng)改變了我們的工作和娛樂方式。①Nowadays,computershavechangedthewayof_working_and_playing.(簡單句)②Nowadays,computershavechangedthewaythat_we_work_and_play.(定語從句)4．WhenIfinishedfilmstudies,Ipursuedmycareerasanactress.(用not...until...句型升級)→Ididn't_pursuemycareerasanactressuntil_I_finishedfilmstudies.5．Thewriterforgottohavehislunchbecausehewasabsorbedinhiswriting.(用sothat句型升級)→Thewriterwas_absorbed_in_his_writing_so_that_he_forgot_to_have_his_lunch.1．suspectv．猜想，懷疑，覺得n.嫌疑人adj.可疑的；不可信的suspectthat... 懷疑/猜想……suspectsb./sth. 懷疑某人/某事suspectsb.of(doing)sth. 懷疑某人(做了)某事suspectsb.tobe... 懷疑某人是……，猜想某人是……[演繹法練通](單句語法填空/完成句子/句型轉(zhuǎn)換)①Thepolicesuspectedhimofholdingoutonimportantinformationtothecase.②Judgingfromhisnervousexpression,Isuspectedhimto_be(be)athief.③I_suspected_thattherewassomethingwrongwiththeengine.我懷疑發(fā)動機(jī)出了故障。④Hesuspectedthathisneighbourstolehismoney.→Hesuspectedhis_neighbour_of_stealing_his_money.2．declinen．&v.減少，下降(1)decline(todo)sth. 拒絕(做)某事declineto/by... 減少到/減少了……(2)indecline＝onthedecline＝fall/gointo(a)decline在衰退/減少/下降asharpdeclinein... 在……方面的急劇下降[演繹法練通](單句語法填空/完成句子)①Astheeconomywasindecline,somepeopleinthetownhadlosttheirjobs.②Thepopulationinthecountryisonthedeclineduetosomereasons.③Howardhasdeclinedto_come(come)andinthatcasewecanasksomebodyelse.④Otherresearchershavearguedtherearedecadestogobeforeoilproductiongoes/falls_into_(a)_decline.其他研究人員認(rèn)為，石油產(chǎn)量在走向衰退之前，還有幾十年的上升空間。⑤Peoplecanexpectsoftwareerrorratestodecline_to10to15percentinanotherfewyears.人們可以期望，再過幾年，軟件錯誤率可以降至10%至15%。⑥Sofar,thenumberoftreeslargerthantwofeetacrosshas_declined_by30percent.直徑超過兩英尺的樹木數(shù)量到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)減少了30%。[名師指津](1)表示“增加”或“減少”的幅度常用介詞by，后面常跟百分?jǐn)?shù)；表示“增加到”或“減少到”常用介詞to，后面常跟具體數(shù)字。(2)表示“減少，下降”的詞或短語還有：decrease,lessen,reduce,dropoff；表示“拒絕”的詞或短語還有：refuse,reject,turndown。3．blamev．責(zé)怪，指責(zé)；把……歸咎于n.責(zé)備；指責(zé)(1)blamesb.for... 因……而責(zé)備某人blamesth.onsb. 把某事歸咎于某人betoblame(for) 應(yīng)(為……)承擔(dān)責(zé)任/受責(zé)備(2)lay/put/placetheblameforsth.onsb. 將某事歸咎于某人taketheblame(for) 應(yīng)(為……)承擔(dān)責(zé)任/受責(zé)備[演繹法練通](1)單句語法填空①(2021·全國甲卷)It'stheseasidebirdsthatdeserveatleastpartoftheblameforgettingNickBurchillblacklistedattheFairmontEmpressHotelinVictoria,Canada.②Youshouldn'tputtheblameonothers.Youshouldreflectonyourownaction.③Thejudgeblamedtheaccidentonthedrunkendriverofthecar.④Thelargefactorylinkedtotheriveris_blamed(blame)forthepollutionherebyexperts.(2)一句多譯誠實地說，李華應(yīng)該為這次沖突負(fù)責(zé)。⑤Tobehonest,LiHuashouldbe_to_blame_fortheconflict.(blamev．)⑥Honestlyspeaking,LiHuashouldtake_the_blame_fortheconflict.(blamen．)eq\a\vs4\al([名師指津])(1)sb.betoblame在形式上是主動的，但表示被動的意義，可譯為“某人應(yīng)受責(zé)備”。(2)使用被動語態(tài)時，blame常用于短語beblamedbysb.“被某人責(zé)備”；beblamedfor“因……而被責(zé)備”。4．linkv．把……聯(lián)系起來；連接n.聯(lián)系；連接；關(guān)系，紐帶；鏈接(單句語法填空/同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)①Thestudyfurtherstrengthenstheevidencelinkingsmokingwith/tolungcancer.②Mostscientistsacceptthatclimatechangeislinked(link)tocarbonemissions.③TheChannelTunnellinksBritainwiththerestofEurope.→TheChannelTunnellinks_Britain_and_the_rest_of_Europe.[歸納法記牢]link...to/with...＝link...and... 把……和……連接/聯(lián)系起來linkup(withsb./sth.) (與某人/某物)連接；連接(計算機(jī)、廣播系統(tǒng)等)belinkedto 和……有聯(lián)系5．a(chǎn)nswerthecall響應(yīng)號召answerthephone/acall 接聽電話answerthedoor 開門，應(yīng)門answercriticism/charges/accusation 就批評/指控/譴責(zé)等作出回應(yīng)answeraneed 滿足需求answeradescription 與描述相符[演繹法練通](完成句子)①Charlesputasidehisnewspaperandgotuptoanswer_the_door.查爾斯放下報紙，站起身去開門。②Theestatewasbuilttoanswer_a_needforlow－costhousing.這片住宅區(qū)是為滿足對低成本住房的需求而建的。③Theyoungmananswered_the_callandjoinedthearmytodefendhiscountry.這個年輕人響應(yīng)號召，參軍保衛(wèi)祖國。6．benativeto源于……的，原產(chǎn)于……(單句語法填空/完成句子)①Asanativeofanart,wemustattachimportancetotheinheritanceanddevelopmentoftraditionalpaintings.②Itiswell－knownthatWolongNatureReserveisnativetopandas.③Thehorseis_not_native_to_America—itwasintroducedbytheSpanish.這種馬并不是美國本土的——它是從西班牙引進(jìn)的。[歸納法記牢]one'snativelanguage＝one'smothertongue 本族語，本國語，母語anativeof 出生于……的人；原產(chǎn)于……的動植物7．becrowdedwith堆滿，擠滿acrowdof/crowdsof... 一大群……，很多……follow/gowiththecrowd 隨大溜，附和大眾crowdin(onsb.) 涌上(心頭)，涌入(腦海)crowdintoone'smind 涌上某人的心頭crowdinto... 大批涌入(狹小的空間)[演繹法練通](單句語法填空/完成句子)①WeallcrowdedintoherofficetosingHappyBirthday.②Thecenterofthecarhadafewemptyseatswhilebothendswerecrowded(crowd)withpeoplestanding.③A_thought_crowded_into_his_mindthatbuildinganotherexpresswaycouldsolvetheproblem.他突然有了一個想法：建設(shè)另一條高速公路就能解決問題。8．a(chǎn)daptto適合，適應(yīng)(to為介詞)adaptoneselfto 使自己適應(yīng)adapt...todo... 調(diào)整……以做……adapt...from... 根據(jù)……改寫/改編……adapt...for... 改編……為……用[演繹法練通](1)單句語法填空/替換黑體詞匯①WhentheymovedtoChina,thechildrenadaptedeasilytoliving(live)innewplaces.②Adapted(adapt)fromJ．K.Rowling'sbookseriesofthesametitle,the“HarryPotter”moviesareuniversallyacknowledgedasclassics.③Thefamousexpertadaptedhisspeechto_suit(suit)theinterestsofhisaudience.④Third－culturekidsmaynotbeabletoadjustthemselvescompletelytotheirnewsurroundingsasexpected.adapt(2)句式升級⑤Thedirectorwasfullyconvincedthatthismovingstory,ifitwasadaptedfortelevision,wouldbeahit.→Thedirectorwasfullyconvincedthatthismovingstory,if_adapted_for_television,_wouldbeahit.(用省略句升級)1．while引導(dǎo)的狀語從句(1)while引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，意為“與……同時，在……期間”，從句常用延續(xù)性動詞或表示狀態(tài)的動詞。(2)while引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，意為“盡管”，比though或although語氣弱。(3)while作并列連詞，意為“而，然而”，表示前后意義上的對比或轉(zhuǎn)折。(4)while引導(dǎo)的狀語從句可用省略形式，while相當(dāng)于when。先學(xué)通(通過題點訓(xùn)練把握用法規(guī)則)(完成句子)①While_we_were_visiting_the_art_exhibition,_wediscussedthegreatartists'works.我們參觀藝術(shù)展時討論了這些偉大藝術(shù)家們的作品。②While_the_Internet_is_of_great_help,_Idon'tthinkit'sagoodideatospendtoomuchtimeonit.雖然互聯(lián)網(wǎng)有很大的幫助，但我認(rèn)為花太多時間在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上不是一個好主意。再寫美(通過句子仿寫做到運(yùn)用自如)③人們可以一邊吃月餅一邊賞月，月餅是這個節(jié)日的特殊食品。People_can_enjoy_the_moon_while_eating_mooncakes,_whicharethespecialfoodforthisfestival.④一些人浪費(fèi)食物，而其他人卻吃不飽。Somepeoplewastefoodwhile_others_haven't_enough.2．theway＋定語從句(1)way表示“方式；方法”時，其后常接inwhich或that引導(dǎo)的定語從句，也可以將關(guān)系詞inwhich或that省略掉，此時關(guān)系詞在從句中作方式狀語。(2)way后接定語從句時，如果從句中缺少主語或賓語，則用關(guān)系代詞that/which，作賓語時可以省略，作主語時不可省略。(3)way表示“方式；方法”時，其后可接不定式或ofdoingsth.形式。先學(xué)通(通過題點訓(xùn)練把握用法規(guī)則)(完成句子)①Ithinkyouhurthispridebylaughingattheway(that/in_which)_he_speaks_English.我覺得你嘲笑他說英語的方式傷害了他的自尊心。②Thewaythat/which_came_up_at_the_meetingwasunpractical.在會議上提出的方法不切實際。再寫美(通過句子仿寫做到運(yùn)用自如)③這是你能想到的減少空氣污染的方法嗎？Is_this_the_way_(which/that)_you_can_imagine_to_reduce/of_reducing_air_pollution?④使我吃驚的不是他說的內(nèi)容而是他說話的方式。What_surprised_me_was_not_what_he_said_but_the_way_(that/in_which)_he_said_it.1．賞用詞之美Itwasayoungmanwhohadleftmedicalschoolwithoutcompletinghisdegree.What'smore,hehadrecentlyreceivedaletterfromhisfatherpredictingthathewouldbe“adisgracetoyourselfandallyourfamily”.Despiteallthis,hisadventuresonthisshipwouldleadtooneofthemostimportantscientificdiscoveriesofalltime.賞析：文中作者使用了adisgrace，表明了達(dá)爾文的父親對達(dá)爾文輟學(xué)去冒險的極力反對。該詞語與最后一句中的“themostimportant”形成對比，說明達(dá)爾文當(dāng)初決定去冒險是對的，正是他的堅定決心才有了他后來的巨大成就。2．賞修辭之美Thishappenswhenaplant,sayabeanplant,getsattackedbyinsects.Theplantreleasestinyamountsofchemicalsfromtheleavesthatarebeingeaten.Thisislikeawarning,oracallforhelp:“I'mbeingattacked！”賞析：句中作者使用了直接引語，采用了擬人的修辭手法，形象地說明了植物利用化學(xué)物質(zhì)進(jìn)行交流的現(xiàn)象，使描述更生動形象，更利于表達(dá)作者鮮明的感情色彩，增強(qiáng)語言的親切感。(完成句子)①It_is_our_choices_thatshowwhatwetrulyare,farmorethanourabilities.決定我們一生的，不是我們的能力，而是我們的選擇。②Iwasveryhappyandcouldhear_the_birds_singing_in_the_woods.我很高興，能聽到鳥兒在樹林里唱歌。(一)用本單元知識完成下列語段主題語境——共同保護(hù)生物多樣性InternationalDayforBiologicalDiversityison22nd,Mayeveryyear.NowIamwritingto①appeal_to_you_to_answer_the_call(呼吁你們響應(yīng)號召)toprotectcreaturesintheworld.Asweknowfromthisyear'sInternationalDayforBiologicalDiversity,thepopulationofrareplantsandanimalsworldwideis②on_the_decline/in_decline(在減少),whichhasraised(用本單元詞匯替換黑體詞：③generated)growingconcern.Itiswehumanbeingsthat④are_to_blame(應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)任).⑤While_our_existence_is_closely_linked_with_environment(雖然我們的生存與環(huán)境息息相關(guān)；while引導(dǎo)的狀語從句),we'restilltryingtodevelopeconomyattheexpenseoftheenvironment.Inthelongrun,themostimportantway⑥(that/in_which)_we_can_protect_endangered_creatures(我們保護(hù)瀕危生物；定語從句)istoraiseourawarenessofcreaturesprotectionandmakeeveryefforttoprotecttheirlivingenvironment.Ihopewecanliveinharmonywithcreatures.(二)根據(jù)提示，續(xù)寫語段閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所給提示進(jìn)行續(xù)寫。Oneyear,anewspaperpublishedanannouncementthatthehorticulturalinstituteofferedarewardatahighpriceforthepurewhitemarigold(金盞花)．Thehighrewardattractedsomanypeople，butaftertheywereexcitedforatime,manypeoplehadforgottentheannouncement.Occasionally,anoldwomanwhowasaflowerloverreadtheannouncementinthenewspaper.Shewaseagertotry.Buthereightchildrenstronglyopposedherdecision.Afterall,awomanwhoneverknewtheseedgenetics(遺傳學(xué))couldn'tcompletewhattheexpertscouldneverachieve.Still,theoldwomandidn'tchangehermind.Sheplantedsomeofthemostcommonseedsandtookgoodcareofthem.Ayearlater,whenthemarigoldcameout,shechosethefaintestonefromthosegoldenandbrownflowersandgotthebestseed.Thenextyear,sheagaingrewthemandchose...(請結(jié)合上文提示和所給開頭語，續(xù)寫一個80詞左右的結(jié)尾，并給出故事體現(xiàn)的人生道理。)Dayafterday,yearafteryear,throughmanyseasons，參考范文：Dayafterday,yearafteryear,throughmanyseasons,theoldwoman'shusbanddied,andherchildrenflewfar,butonlythewishtogrowthepurewhitemarigoldtookrootinherheart.Finally,after20years,inthegardenshesawapurewhitemarigold,whichwasnotnearlywhite,butaswhiteassilverorsnow.Aproblemevenscientistscouldn'tdealwithwassolvedbyanoldwomanwhodidn'tunderstandgenetics.Wasitmagic?Totakerootintheheart,eventhemostcommonseedcangrowintoamiracle!課時作業(yè)(一)主題閱讀集群訓(xùn)練(限時40分鐘)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2023·齊齊哈爾高三模擬)Therearemanyecosystemsthataretrulysufferingfromdegradation(退化).Thesolutionisthattheycanberestoredbyre－introducingseveralanimalspecies.TheUnitedNationsfundedastudythatshowsthatifyouintroduce20specificlargemammalsyoucansuccessfullyrestorealotoftheplanet.Somerolesthatspeciesplayintheenvironmentarecritical,sothelossofanyofthesecanharmtheworld.Sothatmeansthatontheotherhand,re－introducingaspeciescanproducepositiveresults.Whenafewwolveswerere－introducedtoYellowstoneParkisoneofthemostcitedexamples.Thereisnodoubtthatthere－introducedwolvesdidrestoretheecosystem.Dr.Carly,ascientist,alongwithherteam,wasabletoidentify13herbivores(食草動物)and7predators(食肉動物)thatifre－introduced,couldhelprestorealotofwhatwe'vedestroyedinnature.Onespeciescanbenefititsenvironmentinadramaticway,helpingcreatemoresoilinsectsandworms.Theteamcomparedenvironmentsfrom500yearsagotoconditionsofmodernenvironmentstoknowhowtravelandtheindustrialrevolutionhaveinfluencedtheplanet.Andatlasttheyfiguredoutthatonly16%oftheworldstillhasundamagedwildmammalcommunitiesandjust6%lookssimilartowhatitlookedlikepre－1500.Theysuggestedthata54%expansioninterritoryhometoundamagedmammalcommunitiescaneasilybeaccomplished,especiallyinSouthAmericaandnorthernareasofAfrica.InEurope,re－introducingbeaver,bison,wolf,andreindeercouldreallymakeadramaticimpact.However,justwolvesandwildhorsescouldmakeadifferencetoAsia.“Ourrecommendationsmaynotbesuitableeverywhereintheworld—localassessmentswilljudgeifhuntingpressuresorthelackofadequatepreysmeanotherissuesneedaddressingbeforereintroducingthem.However,ourfindingsshowtherearehugeareasoftheworldthatcouldbesuitableforlargemammalrestorationifotherfactorsaremanaged，”saidDr.Carly.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。一項研究結(jié)果表明重新引進(jìn)消失的動物有助于生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的恢復(fù)，但是重新引進(jìn)消失的物種可能并不適用于世界各地，所以在引進(jìn)之前需要評估當(dāng)?shù)貪撛诘沫h(huán)境。1．WhatroledidthewolvesplayinYellowstonePark?A．Protectingnaturefrombeingdestroyed.B．Keepingthebalanceoftheecosystem.C．Creatingbettersoilforotheranimals.D．Attractingmorevisitstothefamouspark.解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容可知，黃石公園重新引進(jìn)狼保持了生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的平衡。2．Whydidtheteamcompareenvironmentsindifferentperiods?A．Tofindoutsomesuitablelargemammals.B．Tofindouttheundamagedpartoftheplanet.C．Tosummarizetheinfluenceofhuman'sactivities.D．Tofindoutthenatureoftheundamagedenvironment.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容可知，研究人員研究五百年前至今的環(huán)境變化，其目的是找出剩下的未被破壞的動物棲息地。3．WhatanimalcouldprobablyrestorelargepartsofAsia?A．Reindeer. B．Bison.C．Wolf. D．Beaver.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的最后一句可知，引進(jìn)狼和野馬會對亞洲的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)有積極的影響。4．Whatisadvisedtodobeforeanimalsarere－introduced?A．Makealawtobanhunting.B．Providesufficientfoodforthem.C．Solveotherenvironmentalproblems.D．Assessthepotentialsurroundings.解析：選D推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句可知，重新引進(jìn)消失的物種時要評估當(dāng)?shù)貪撛诘沫h(huán)境。B(2023·重慶高三模擬)Record－breakingheatwavesseenacrosstheworldthissummeraresettorepeatthemselvesduetohuman－causedclimatechange—evenifwereachednetzerotoday.ThesummerhassetthousandsofnewtemperaturerecordsacrosstheUnitedStatesalone,accordingtodatafromtheNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration(NOAA)．Themechanisms(機(jī)制)behindtheseheatwavesmayvarybyregion,but,aswiththe“heatdome(熱穹頂)”thatbroketemperaturerecordsinthePacificnorthwestin2021,airpressuresystemsarekey.“Partly,it'sthelarge－scaleweatherpatterns，”saidCraigClements,professoratSanJoséStateUniversity.“HereintheCaliforniaBayArea,wehavethishighpressureridge(高壓脊),whichisabigbuildupofair,andthatairtendstobestill.Thus,there'snoseabreezethatusuallycoolsoffSanFrancisco,andthatreallyistriggeringtheextensiveheat.Wecanjustcontinuetoheatitwiththesun'sinputbecausethere'snocloudcover.”It'snaturalfortheseairpressuresystemstochangeovertime.OntheWestcoastoftheUS,lowpressuresystemsbringrainandcoolertemperaturesduetoairfromthenorth,withhighpressuresystemsfollowingbehind.However,Clementsnotesthatthese_weather_patternsarebecomingmorepronouncedandlastinglonger.They'realsobecomingless“natural”．“Atthisstage,the‘naturalcycle’nolongerapplies.”saidChrisE.Forest,aprofessoratPennsylvaniaStateUniversity.“Acrosstheglobe,thelikelihoodofbreakingweatherextremesisdirectlyrelatedtotheimpactofclimatechangerelatedtomultiplecauses,butprimarily,increasingheat－trappinggaseslikeCO2andchangesinlandscapeandlandcover.”BrianHoskins,aprofessorattheUniversityofReadingintheUK,echoedthepoint.“Weknowofnonaturalcyclesthatwouldleadtosuchrecords，”hesaid.“Iconsiderthatitisvirtuallyimpossiblethattheywouldhavehappenedwithouthuman－causedclimatechange.”Inthelongterm,evenifwegottonetzeroemissionstoday,itwilltakethenext30to50yearsuntilwestarttosee“stabilized”globaltemperaturesandthefutureextremeswillbeworsenedbyeachdegreeofwarming.eq\x(語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了熱浪等極端天氣的出現(xiàn)及成因。)5．Whatdoweknowaboutthemechanismsbehindheatwaves?A．Theyshowlittleregionaldifferences.B．Theheatdomein2021createdthem.C．Theywerecontrolledbythesun'sinput.D．Airpressuresystemsarecriticaltothem.解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段可知，雖然這些熱浪背后的機(jī)制可能因地區(qū)而異，但氣壓系統(tǒng)是關(guān)鍵，由此可知，氣壓系統(tǒng)對熱浪背后的機(jī)制至關(guān)重要。6．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“theseweatherpatterns”inParagraph6referto?A．TheweatherpatternsuniquetotheUS.B．Theweatherpatternsfollowingnature'srules.C．Theweatherpatternscontributingtoheatwaves.D．Theweatherpatternswithlowpressuresystems.解析：選C詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段和第四段中“Partly,it'sthelarge－scaleweatherpatterns...”可知，文章主要介紹了熱浪這種極端天氣，第四段和第五段分析了造成熱浪的天氣模式，由此可知，第六段中“theseweatherpatterns”指的是造成熱浪的天氣模式。7．WhatdoChrisE.ForestandBrianHoskinsbothagreewith?A．Moreextremeweathersaretocome.B．Climateproblemsarehardtoaddress.C．Humansaretoblamefortheheatwaves.D．Causesofheatwavesaretobedetermined.解析：選C推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段可知，ChrisE.Forest認(rèn)為，引起熱浪等極端天氣的主要原因是二氧化碳等吸熱氣體的增加，而二氧化碳等吸熱氣體的增加是由人類引起的；根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段可知，BrianHoskins也認(rèn)為熱浪等極端天氣是由人類造成的，由此可知，ChrisE.Forest和BrianHoskins都同意熱浪應(yīng)該歸咎于人類。8．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Thearrivalofanunnaturalcycle.B．Theroleofhumanactivities.C．Theunpredictabilityofanaturaldisaster.D．Theeffectsofextremeheatwaves.解析：選A主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段和倒數(shù)第四段可知，本文主要介紹了熱浪等極端天氣，而這些天氣正變得越來越明顯，持續(xù)時間也越來越長，帶來了非自然的循環(huán)。“Thearrivalofanunnaturalcycle”意為“非自然循環(huán)的到來”，選項A能夠概括文章主要內(nèi)容。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五(2023·武漢高三模擬)Thebenefitsofoutdoorplayarefairlywell－understoodbyparents.__9__.Asamothertothreeenergeticchildrenwhospendconsiderableamountsoftimeoutdoors,Ihavefiguredoutsomegoodwaystomaximizeoutdoorplaytime.I'dliketosharesomeofmyadvicewithreaderswhomightbestrugglingwiththis.__10__.Ifyoustartviewingdailyoutdoorplayasbeingasimportantasamealoragoodnight'ssleep,you'llstarttofindmoretimeforit.Thinkofitasnonnegotiable;noextrathingsshouldhappenuntiloutdoorplaytimehasbeencheckedoffthelist.Replaceorganizedactivitieswithunorganizedones.Insteadofpackingyourafter－schoolcalendarwithsportstrainingandinterestclasses,cancelthoseforatleastseveraltimesaweekandjusttellyourkidstheycanplayoutsideinstead.__11__.Mandate(強(qiáng)制規(guī)定)outdoorfamilytimeonweekends.Myfamilygoescross－countryskiingeverysingleSaturdaymorninginwinter.__12__，evenwhenthetemperaturedropsto－20℃.Thistimeisfiercelyprotectedbecauseofthebenefitsithasforallofus—exercise,freshair,satisfactionandfamilybonding.Gooutdoorswithyourkids.Ifyougooutside,youngeronesinparticularwillwanttobethere,too.Makeitfunbylightingacampfireinthebackyardorsettingupacampstovetomakehotchocolate.Oryoucanhaveapicnicorworkinagardentogether.__13__；youcanbepresentwithoutbeingengaged.A．WeneverskipitB．StartthinkingofitasanecessityC．WeadjusttheskiingroutineaccordinglyD．ListspecialactivitiesforoutdoorplaytimeE．TheseunexpectedarrangementswillsurelyexciteyourkidsF．YoucanevenjustsitandreadabookwhileyourkidsplaynearbyG．However,it'shardformanyparentstofitoutdoorplaytimeintotheirkids'days語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了關(guān)于父母應(yīng)該如何增加孩子們的戶外活動時間的建議。9．選G根據(jù)上文可知，戶外玩耍有益處。根據(jù)下文可知，想出了一些好的方法來最大化戶外玩耍的時間。因此空格處應(yīng)說上文提到的事情對有的父母來說很難做到，然后作者才接下來說建議，G項“然而，許多家長很難在孩子的日子里安排戶外玩耍時間”承上啟下，符合語境。10．選B空格處是本段的主題句。根據(jù)下文可知，如果你開始把每天的戶外活動看成和一頓飯或一晚好的睡眠一樣重要，你就會開始找到更多的時間來進(jìn)行戶外活動。因此本段主要講的是要把戶外活動看作是必需的，B項“開始把它當(dāng)作一種必需”概括了本段內(nèi)容，可作為主題句。11．選E根據(jù)上文可知，與其把你的課余時間安排在運(yùn)動訓(xùn)練和興趣課上，不如每周至少取消幾次，告訴你的孩子他們可以去外面玩。E項“這些意想不到的安排一定會讓你的孩子興奮不已”對上文事情進(jìn)行評價，且其中“unexpectedarrangements”和前面的“cancelthoseforatleastseveraltimesaweekandjusttellyourkidstheycanplayoutsideinstead”相呼應(yīng)。12．選A根據(jù)上文可知，冬天的每個星期六早上，我們?nèi)叶紩ピ揭盎８鶕?jù)下文可知，即使氣溫降至零下20℃，作者一家人也從來沒有停止過這個活動，A項“我們從不忽略它”承上啟下，符合語境。13．選F根據(jù)下文可知，你可以做你自己的事情，孩子們玩自己的。F項“你甚至可以坐著看書，而你的孩子在附近玩?！币鹣挛模险Z境。Ⅲ.完形填空(2023·青島高三模擬)Whenstormcloudsgather,andthewindhowlsinanger,thenaturalreactionformostpeopleistoseekshelter.Butsomeruntowardsthe__14__.PhotographerLiuYijingisoneofthatraretype,ashecapturesand__15__nature'sanger.Forthepastyear,Liu,21,hastravelledabout24,000kilometersacross11provincial－leveladministrativeregionsinChina,chasing(追趕)and__16__thunderstorms.Fromthefirst__17__—asmallwinddevelopingintoastrongwind,aviolentsky,andbirdsfleeing—he__18__whatappearstobea__19__task.Liuhasreceivedagreatdealof__20__forhiswork.Hisphotoscapturedacompletesupercellstructure,atypeofthunderstormwhich__21__intheInnerMongoliaautonomousregiononAug22.Thisimagehasbeen__22__asthecoverphotofortheMayeditionofAdvancesinAtmosphericSciences,akeypublicationinitsfield.“Itisatypicalsupercella