北京市順義區(qū)第一中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期10月月考英語試卷

2023北京順義一中高二10月月考英語第一部分知識運用（共兩節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共10小題,每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握大意，然后從各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳答案，并在答題紙上將該選項涂黑。ItwasanordinarysummerafternoonwhenIfirstfoundoutaboutmygrandpa’s___1___garden.Thatday,afterschool,insteadofwalkingstraighthome,Idecidedtovisitmygrandpa,wholivedjustafewblocksaway.WhenIgotthere,Isawthefrontdoorwasslightlyopen.Ipusheditopenbutfoundnobody.Curiosityand___2___mixedwithinmeasIventuredinsideandnoticedthebackdoorwideopen,leadingtoapathI’dnever___3___before.Thereitwas—abreathtakinggarden,filledwithflowersofallshapesandcolors,greenerystretchingoutasfarasmyeyescouldsee.Iwalked___4___,marvelingatthebeautifulspectacle.Suddenly,Iheardarustlingsoundfromanearbybush,followedbyasoftandfamiliarvoice.“Ididn’t___5___youtofindthisplace,mydear,”mygrandpasaid,emergingfrombehindthegreenleaveswithabroadsmile,holdingawateringcan.___6___bythebeautyofthegarden,Ijuststoodthere,takingintheview.Afterwhatfeltlikeforever,Iasked,“Grandpa,whydidn’tyoutellmeaboutthisplace?”Heshruggedandreplied,“Iwantedittobea___7___,somethingyoucoulddiscoveronyourown.It’smorespecialthatway,don’tyouthink?”Sincethatday,wewouldspendhoursinthegarden,tendingtotheflowers,sharingstories,andenjoyingeachother’s___8___.Thatgarden,whichIdiscovered___9___,becameourplayground,ashelterofpeaceinthemidstofourbustlingcitylives.Lookingbacknow,IrealizethatthegreatestthingIfoundinthatgardenwasnotthebeautifulscenery,butthepreciousmemoriesand___10___Ibuiltwithmygrandpa.1.A.tinyB.secret C.romanticD.natural2.A.concernB.relaxation C.delightD.excitement3.AappreciatedB.doubtedC.noticedD.recognized4.A.homeB.backC.awayD.further5.A.expectB.hopeC.allowD.tell6.A.DisturbedB.AttractedC.AngeredD.Amused7.A.mysteryB.giftC.challengeD.wonder8.A.gardenB.companyC.greetingD.memories9.A.asusualB.inparticularC.onpurposeD.bychance10.A.peaceB.balanceC.bondD.trust第二節(jié)語法填空（共10小題,每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。AManypeoplemissoutonlearningopportunitiesbecausetheylettheirfeelingsgetintheway.Theyrefuse___11___(learn)orignorewhatissaidbecauseofwhothespeakeris.itistruethatwecannothelp___12___(dislike)somepeople.Butdonotforgetyoucanstilllearnfromthem.Activelearnersdonotjudgepeople___13____(base)onfirstimpressionsorpersonalfeelings.Instead,theyseparatethemessagefromthemessenger.BApersonwithaphotographicmemorycouldremembereverydetailofapicture,abookoraneventmanyyearslater,butithasnotbeenproved___14___therearepeoplewhoreallyhavephotographicmemories.Yet,therearesomepeoplewhodohave___15___(amaze)memories.Forexample,DanielTammetcanrememberthefirst22,514digitsofpi(π)andStephenWiltshirecandrawadetailedpictureofacityfrommemoryafterflyingoveritinahelicopter.Theyarebothgood___16___rememberingparticularthingsforalimitedtime.CMostgardenerswillprobablysaygardening___17___(be)goodforyou.Accordingtoastudy,peoplewhogardenhavea___18___(healthy)diet,getmoreexercise,andfeellessstress.Researchersstudiedthebenefitsofgardeninginsharedcommunitygardens___19___peopleworktogether.Theysuggestgardeningmayreducestressbecauseitexposespeopletonature,whilecommunitygardensalsoprovide___20___(chance)forsocialinteraction.Therefore,theyhopetheresultswillencouragedoctorsandgovernmentleaderstoregardcommunitygardensasavitalpartofthepublichealthsystem.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)（共14小題,每小題2分，共28分）閱讀下面短文，從各題A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳答案。并在答題紙上將該選項涂黑。AOften,thereisafalseideathatonemustbe“in-the-know”totrulyappreciateartworks.However,fineartopensthedoortoeveryone.Learninghowtolookatandunderstandartworksrequiresustotakethetimetoview,identifyandthink.LookattheArtAsthefirststep,it’snecessarytotakeamomenttoidentifytheartwork’sgeneralfeatures:●Isitapainting,sculptureorcraftwork?●Doesitappearchaotic(混亂的)ororganized?●Arethecolorsbrightorsoft?IdentifytheArtandArtistKnowingwhenorhowtheartworkwasmadeandlearningsomethingabouttheartistcanrevealmorecontext.WeallknowthefamouspaintingGuernicaisamasterpiececreatedbyPicassoin1937.However,ifwecanfindoutPicassocomposedthepaintingtoreflectabombingduringtheSpanishCivilWar,we’llknowmoreaboutitsanti-warmeaning.Evenifthehistoricalcontextofanartworkisnotobvious,knowingtheyearofitscreationoffersmorecontext.ThinkAbouttheMeaningUsewhatyouobservedinthefirsttwostepstothinkaboutmeaningstheartworkcouldhave.Considerwhatthetitle,thesubjects,orthesymbolsmeanttotheartistwhenheorshecreatedtheartwork.Whatdothecolorssayabouttheartist,andhowdotheyapplytothesubjectsintheart?Forexample,theowlsinLebo’sworksrepresentwisdom,butwhyaretheysobrightlycolored?Inaddition,askhowtheartmakesyoufeel.Manyartistshavespecificmeaningsbehindtheirart,butalsoencourageviewerstocomeupwiththeirownexplanations.Still,everyexplanationisnotautomaticallycorrect,whichiswhythetechniquesdescribedabovearehelpfulinfindingclues.Thenexttimeyou’readmiringaworkofart,keepthesetechniquesinmind,anditsmeaningmayunfoldbeforeyoureyes.21.Whatisthefirststepwhenviewingart?A.Doingsomeresearchontheartist. B.Being“in-the-know”abouttheworkC.Identifyingthework’sgeneralfeatures D.Knowingtheyearofanartwork’screation22.Whenthinkingaboutthemeaningofanartwork,youshould________.A.explainitfreely B.chooseatitleforitC.describeittotheviewers D.askhowitmakesyoufeel23.Thepassageisprobablywrittenfor________.A.museumstaff B.galleryvisitorsC.professionalartists D.exhibitionorganizersBAnuarAbdullahhasalwayshadaspecialfeelingfortheocean.Inthe1980s,hesettledinPerhentianasadivinginstructorandfellinlovewithcorals.Twicedaily,hewentouttosea,stayingunderwaterforaslongashisoxygensupplyallowed.Helearnedtheshapesandtextures(紋理)ofcoralreefslongbeforeheknewtheirLatinnames.Hestudiedthelivingconditions—thewatertemperature,thesunshine,thediversity(多樣性)ofoceanlife—andsawhowjustoneofthosefactorscouldbringaboutlarge-scaledeath.Abdullahspenttwodecadesexperimentingwithhowtogrowcoralreefsintheocean.Hedidn’thaveadegreeinmarine(海洋的)biologyoraresearchlab,buthehadhisownways.Almostallthematerialsheusedtogrowcoralscamedirectlyfromtheocean.Hedidn’tusesteelpipesorbricks—whichhecouldn’tafford—instead,hegatheredrocksfromtheseafloor,pilingthemsotheywouldn’tbeknockeddownbytidalwaves.Whileothersmightdependonalabtobreaklivecoralintopiecesthatwereinturnusedforgrowing,hesearchedforbrokenpiecesofcoralinexistingreefsandfixedthemtotherocksusinganimal-friendlyglue.Whenheneededothermaterials,hestartedbysearchingthebeachforwaste.Everyday,thelocalssawhimonhiskneesexaminingcoralsintheocean.Sometimes,hepickeduparocktowhichhehadfixedapieceofcoralseveralweeksearlier,andsaidveryquietly,“Mylittleacropora(鹿角大珊瑚),howareyoudoingtoday?”Thelocalswhisperedabouthowhe’dspentdaysinthewaterspeakingtocoralsasiftheywerepeople.“EveryonethoughtIwasstupid,”saidAbdullah,“ButIknewIwasdoingthemostimportantthingintheworld.”Actually,Abdullahwasright.Now,inaworldrapidlylosingitscoralreefstoclimatechangeandenvironmentaldamage,hehasbecomeanincreasinglyinfluentialexpertonhowtobringthembacktolife.ThousandshavetraveledfromaroundtheworldtolearnfromAbdullahhowtogrowcorals,withsomeeventuallyleavingtheirjobstojoinhisprojectsfulltime.Withhis700activevolunteers,hehasalreadysavedabout125acresofcoralreefs.24.Abdullahwentouttoseatwicedailyto________.A.studycoralreefs B.havedivingtrainingC.checkhisoxygensupply D.sharehisfeelingsforthesea25.Abdullah’swayofgrowingcoralsis________.A.eco-friendlyandpractical B.traditionalandindirectC.high-techandaffordable D.scientificandexpensive26.FromthepassageweknowthatAbdullah________.A.searchedforwastetomakealiving B.receivedadegreeinmarinebiologyC.talkedtoeveryoneaboutcoralreefs D.becameanexpertoncoralprotection27.Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A.Anyonewithadreamisamazing. B.Achievementprovidestruepleasure.C.Anindividualcanmakeadifference. D.Thestrongmanisstrongestwhenalone.CEpisodicmemory(情景記憶)allowshumanstorevisitpastpersonalexperiencesintheirminds,anditwasoncethoughttobeaspecialskillofhumans.Althoughtherearestillargumentsabouttheextentofthistypeofmemoryinnon-humananimals,scientistshaveprovedthatcreatureslikeratsanddogscanpassteststhataredevelopedtoassessepisodicmemoryoverthepasttwodecades.“Curiously,thereisalackofresearchinvestigatingdolphins’episodicmemory,”UniversityofCambridgecognitive(認(rèn)知的)scientistJamesDaviessays.Therefore,thissurprisingfactencourageshimtofillthisgap.Theteamused“where”and“who”questionsintheirresearch,eachonadifferenttest.Eachdolphinwasfirsttrainedtoretrieveaballfromthewater,andthentrainedtogetaballbyapproachingapersonholdingitinfrontofthemwhileignoringanempty-handedpersonstandingatadifferentspot.Duringthistraining,thelocationswererandomized(使隨機化)andthepersonholdingtheballdifferedeachtime,sothatthosedetailswereirrelevanttolearningtheretrievingbehavior.Then,forthetests,thedolphinswereaskedtoretrievetheballastheyhadlearnedtodo,butafter10minutes,somethingchanged-thistime,theballcouldn’tbeseen,asitwasnowbehindoneofthetwopeople’sbacks.Inthe“where”tests,theballwashiddeninthesamespotasinthetraining,butbothpeoplehadbeenchanged,whileinthe“who”tests,thelocationsofthepeoplechangedbuttheballremainedwiththepersonwho’dhaditpreviously.Eightdolphinswentthrougheachofthetwotests,separatedbyatleast48hours.Allthedolphinsgotitrightinchoosingthecorrectspotonthe“where”experiments,andsevenachievedsuccessonthe“who”experiments.KellyJaakkola,apsychologist,saysthatbasedontheircognitiveskills,dolphinsareagoodcandidateforhavingepisodic-likememory,andthisstudygoesreallyfarinshowingthat.Shealsosays,“Themorewelookforsuchcapabilitiesinnon-humananimals,themorespecieswe’lllikelyfindthemin.”Sheadds,“Anexcitingquestionistherefore‘Wheredowedrawthatline?Whichanimalsdohaveit,whichanimalsdon’t,andwhatsortofcognitiveorneurologicalorsocialcharacteristicsdothoseanimalsshare?’That’sgoingtobethefunpartofthegame.”28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“retrieve”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Get. B.Move. C.Throw. D.Play.29.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytalkabout?A.Thelocationsofthepeopleinvolvedinthetests.B.Thememorytasksthatdolphinsneedtoperform.C.Theabilityofdolphinstocommunicatewithhumans.D.Thedolphins’characteristicsrelatedtotheirmemoryprocessing.30.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Dolphinspassthetestsasaresultoftraining.B.Itisverylikelythatdolphinsareaffectedbypeopleduringthetests.C.Scientistswillprobablyfindepisodicmemoryinallnon-humananimals.D.Theinfluenceofdolphins’familiaritywithalocationorapersonisavoided.31.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.DolphinsAretheMostIntelligentAnimalsB.DolphinsMayRememberPersonalExperiencesC.EpisodicMemoryIsImportantforHumansandAnimalsD.AScientificMethodIsUsedtoStudyDolphins’MemoryDAfteryearsofblue-collar(藍(lán)領(lǐng))jobsbeingreplacedbymachines,advancedchatbotsarenowbreathingdownwhitecollars.GenerativeAltools,suchasChatGPT,havemadeimpressiveprogressingeneratinghuman-soundinglanguageandunderstandingcontext.Somuchsothathumansarenomatchfortheminsometasks.Upto300millionfull-timejobscouldbelostaroundtheworld,whichisasmuchas18%oftheglobalworkforce.ArecentstudybyOpenAI,thecreatorofChatGPT,lookedatthepotentialforautomationacross1,016jobs.HumansandAIseparatelyratedhowwellsoftwarepoweredbylarge-languagemodels,whicharetrainedonaseaofinformationfromtheInternetandthenreactedquicklytospecificfunctions,couldperform19,000tasksinvolvedinthejobs.Ifthesoftwarewasconsideredabletoreducethetimeittakeshumanstocompletethetaskbyatleasthalf,withoutadropinquality,thetaskwasconsideredreadyforAIreplacement.Forothertasks,thecompanyimaginedadditionalsoftwarethatcouldbeaddedtothemodel,suchascomputertoolsthatcanautomaticallypullfreshdatafromtheInternet.Theyfoundthat80%ofAmericanscouldhaveatleast10%oftheirworktasksdonebyadvancedAltools.Thefigurerisesto50%oftasksforaround19%ofworkers.Thisautomationshouldnotbefeared.Itcouldfreeworkersfromrepeatedtasks,contributingtogreaterproductivity.AstudypublishedonApril5suggeststhatgenerativeAIcouldbringaboutsweepingchangestotheglobaleconomy.Asthesetoolscoulddrivea7%increaseinglobalGDPandliftproductivityby1.5percentagepointsovera10-yearperiod.Butstudieslikethismayoverstatethepotentialforautomation,ignoringsometacitskills(隱性技能)inprofessionstheyknowlessabout.Humanqualitiesimportantforsomejobs,suchasempathyorcharisma(感召力),willbeoverlooked.AndnotalltaskscapableofbeingcarriedoutbyAIshouldbe:amaninloveshouldfeelitashameforusingittowritealovelettertohisbelovedgirlfriendhowevertouchingandsincereitmaysound.ManybusinessesarealsonotwillingtoacceptAI.Andthosewhohavealreadyaccepteditareattheriskofpracticalandlegal(法律的)confusion.Whenchatbotsdonotknowwhattosay,theyoftentalknonsense.The“creative”outputtheyproduceisbasedonamixtureofdatasourcedfromtheInternet,raisingissuesaroundaccuracy,privacyandintellectualproperty(知識產(chǎn)權(quán)).WhilemuchisunknownabouthowgenerativeAIwillinfluencetheworldeconomyandsociety,anditwilltaketimetoplayout,thereareclearsignsthattheeffectscouldbeprofound.Butintherealworld,AItoolswillstillneedhandlers.Thatmayevenendupcreatingnewjobs.32.WhatisthefunctionofParagraph1?A.ToshowthepopularityofAItools.B.TogiveexamplesofusinggenerativeAItools.C.Todrawreaders’attentiontothepossiblethreatofAI.D.TocomparetheimpactsofAIonblueandwhitecollars.33.AccordingtothestudybyOpenAI,AIcanreplacehumanswhen________.A.itcanperformcertaincreativetasksB.automationispoweredbylarge-languagemodelsC.itdevelopsimportanthumanqualitieslikeempathyD.Altoolsimproveproductivitywithoutdamagingquality34.Theauthorwouldprobablyagreethat________.A.AItoolsmayhelpincreaseemploymentB.AIwilleventuallytakeoverhumanjobsC.AIandautomationdomoreharmthangoodD.humanqualitiesarenotnecessaryforautomation第二節(jié)七選五(共5小題;每小題2分，共10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。NicholasEpley,abehaviouralscientist,andIconductedaseriesofstudiesandconcludedthatkindactsassimpleasbuyingacupofcoffeeforsomeonecanpromoteaperson’shappiness.Everydaylifeaffordsmanyopportunitiesforsuchactions,yetpeopledonotalwayscatchthem.____35____Wefirstlystudiedactsofkindnessdoneforfamiliarpeoplesuchasfriends,classmatesorfamily.____36____Forinstance,inoneexperiment,peoplewrotenotestofriendsandfamily“justbecause”.Inanother,theygavecupcakesawaytoworkmates.Acrosstheseexperiments,weaskedboththepersonperformingakindactandtheonereceivingittofilloutquestionnaires(問卷).Acrossourstudies,severalstrongpatternsappeared.Forone,bothperformersandreceiversoftheactsofkindnesswereinmorepositivemoodsthannormalafterthesekindacts.____37____Thereceiversfeltsignificantlybetterthanthekindactorsexpected.Thereceiversalsoreliablyratedtheseactsas“bigger”thanthepeopleperformingthemdid.____38____Inoneexperiment,participantsatanice-skatingrink(溜冰場)inapublicparkgaveawayhotchocolatetopeopletheydidn’tknowonacoldwinterday.Again,theexperiencewasmorepositivethantheperformersexpectedforthereceivers.Althoughthepeoplegivingoutthehotchocolatesawtheactasrelativelysmall,itreallymatteredtothereceivers.Thesefindingssuggestthatwhatmightseemsmallwhenwearedecidingwhetherornottodosomethingniceforsomeoneelsecouldmatteragreatdealtothepersonwedoitfor,Thesewarmactscanimproveourownemotionalhealthandbrightenthedayofanotherperson.____39____A.Sowhynotchoosekindnesswhenwecan?B.Foranother,itwasclearthatperformersundervaluedtheirimpacts.C.Fromonesituationtothenext,thespecificactsofkindnessdiffered.D.Wefoundthatparticipantsdidn’trealizetheirpositiveimpactsonstrangersaswell.E.Ourresearchalsorevealedonereasonwhypeoplemaynotrealizetheiractions’impact