2021高考英語(yǔ)閱讀解題專項(xiàng)之推理判斷題集訓(xùn)（九）

2021高考英語(yǔ)閱讀解題專項(xiàng)之推理判斷題集訓(xùn)(九)

(A)

MaggiewasverygladthatJameswasnotafrequentvisitortothehouse.Inthe

children'sopinion,theyhadsomethingthattheycouldn'texplainorunderstandabout

himandthatexcitedtheirimagination.HestirredMaggie'sanger,however,sothat

sheoftensaidtoherhusband,"It'samercythatyourbrotherdoesn*tcomeoften.”

InfactJamescameonceayear,unexpectedly,aroundeighto'clockinthe

evening,andhestayedforsixhoursofclosediscussionwithhisbrother.Hisarrival

wasasignaltothechildrenthattheirbedtimewouldbedelayed.Notthatheever

spoketothemorplayedwiththem.Hetooknonoticeofthem,asifhewereunableto

seechildren,atleastuntilthetimecameforhimtogo.Indeed,afterhisfirstgreeting

andacarelesskiss,JamestooknonoticeofMaggieeither,excepttoadd,"Youllbe

gettingonwiththesupper,Maggie."Suchwashisregardforher.

Maggiepaidhimbackinherownway.Shekeptthechildrenup,thefourofthem,

tokeephercompany,shesaid,butofcoursetheysangandmadeanoiseandbroke

theendlesssoundofJames'voice.Verylate,theydroppedofftosleepintheirchairs.

Then,whenJameswasabouttogo,Maggiewokethemupandsomoreorlessforced

himtopartwithfourshillingsbeforeheleft.Thatgavehersomesatisfaction,for

James,thoughrich,wasunwillingtogiveorsharewhathehad.Healwayswenthome

takingthelasttrain,justaftertwoo'clock.

Maggie'schildrensecretlystaredattheiruncle.Theycouldnotforgetthathehad,

intheirmother'swords,"losttwowivesandtakenathird”.Theywonderedabout

thosetwounfortunate,lostladies.Theyaskedeachotherwhattheirfateshadbeen,

andifneithercouldeverbefoundagain.Jamesneverbroughthisthirdwifewithhim

norevermentionedher.Thechildrendecidedthathemustbesofrightenedoflosing

herthatheneverallowedheroutsidethedoor.

1.MaggieneverpreparedanythingspecialforJamesbecause.

A.hewasamandifficulttoplease

B.sheneverknewwhenhewascoming

C.shewastoobusylookingafterherchildren

D.heneverstayedlongenoughforameal

2.WhatdoweknowaboutJames'behaviour?

A.Hewasakindman,withloveforthefamily.

B.Hewasunselfish,especiallywithhisbrother.

C.Hewasanxioustopleasethefamily,especiallythechildren.

D.Hewasrudetohissister-in-law.

3.Maggiefeltpleasedwhen.

A.shepaidJamesthemoneythatsheowedhim

B.Jamesgavesomemoneytothechildren

C.shehadtowakeJamesuptocatchhistrain

D.Jamesthankedherforthenicesupper

答案

l.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的InfactJamescameonceayear,

unexpectedly可知答案為B。

2.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的…excepttoadd,"You'llbegettingonwith

thesupper,Maggie.”Suchwashisregardforher.可知他對(duì)Maggie的態(tài)度不是很友

好，故答案為Do

3.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的Maggiewokethemupandsomoreorless

forcedhimtopartwithfourshillingsbeforeheleft.Thatgavehersomesatisfaction

可知答案為B。

(B)

IworkatagrocerystoreinMontreafsPlateauneighbourhood,whichgetsalot

ofregulars.OnMarch12,theQuebecgovernmentannouncedtocloseallpublic

placestostopthespreadofthecoronaviruspandemic.

ThenextdaythestorewasthebusiestI*veeverseen.Thesixcashregistershad

tobekeptopenfrom10a.m.untilitwasclosed.Itwasnuts.Ididn'thavetimetoeat

lunch,andwheneveroneofusoncashhadtousethebathroom,we*dhavetobringin

aco-workeroffthefloortocoverforus.

Sincethen,theatmosphereinthestorehasbeendifferent.Customersaremostly

considerate,butwheneversomeonecoughsorsneezes,everyoneturnsaroundto

makesurethatpersonsneezesintotheirelbow.Tveevenseencustomerscomein

wearingsomestrangeget-ups.OneguyevencameinwithaplasticWalmartbag

wrappedaroundhisentirehead,withaslitcutoutforhiseyes.

Alotofmyco-workershavelefttoavoidapublic-facingjobduringthe

pandemic.GrocerystoreworkersacrossCanadaareputtingtheirhealthatriskevery

timetheycomeintowork,butalotofusarestillmakingclosetotheminimumwage.

IrealizethatIfeelmoreexhaustedthannormaleventhoughI'mworkingthesame

hours.

Therestillhavebeensomemomentsofkindnessinthemidstofthechaos.Fve

overheardpeopletalkingonthephonewhosoundedasthoughtheywereorganizing

grocerydeliveriesforthosestuckathome.Andthispastweekendaverynicelady

thankedusforcontinuingtowork.Iknoweveryoneisworried,butit'suselesshaving

thesamescaryconversationsdayafterday.Instead,tellusafunnyanecdote,orabout

somethingnice.Wellappreciatethedistraction,andyou'llmakeourdayjustabit

brighter.

l.Whatdoestheauthorintendtoshowby“Itwasnuts."inparagraph2?

A.Thegoodswereinshortsupply.

B.Thestorewashavingabigsale.

C.Thecashierscomplainedabouttheirwork.

D.Thelocalsrushedtogoshoppinglikecrazy.

2.Whatdoesparagraph3conveyaboutcustomers?

A.Theyliketoshophereindisguise.

B.Theyarepanickyaboutthedisease.

C.Theyaremorefriendlytoeachother.

D.Theyhavetakenproperpreventivemeasures.

3.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor?

A.Optimistic.B.Talented.

C.Ambitious.D.Efficient.

4.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.Itisnotworkbutworrythatkills

B.Helpingothersishelpingourselves

C.Momentsofkindnessshineinatimeofchaos

D.Hereiswhatit'slikeworkinginthepandemic

答案

l.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第一、二句"Thenextdaythestorewasthe

busiestI'veeverseen.Thesixcashregistershadtobekeptopenfrom10a.m.untilit

wasclosed.”可知，第二天雜貨店顧客爆滿，作者用這樣的表達(dá)就是為了說(shuō)明人們面

對(duì)疫情驚慌失措、蜂擁而至前來(lái)購(gòu)物的混亂場(chǎng)景。故選D項(xiàng)。

2.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一句"Sincethen,theatmosphereinthestore

hasbeendifferent.”可知，疫情暴發(fā)后，整個(gè)雜貨店里的氣氛都變了，結(jié)合本段給出的

人們對(duì)咳嗽、打噴嚏的人很敏感以及用購(gòu)物袋包住頭部都不難看出，人們對(duì)于疫

情是感到恐慌的。故選B項(xiàng)。

3.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的第一句"Therestillhavebeensome

momentsofkindnessinthemidstofthechaos.”和最后一句"We'llappreciatethe

distraction,andyou'llmakeourdayjustabitbrighter.“可知，作者處在新冠月巾炎疫，情

的緊張氣氛下，還是比較冷靜的，也能關(guān)注到周?chē)l(fā)生的一些美好的事情，同時(shí)對(duì)

關(guān)心自己的人表示感激,應(yīng)該是比較積極樂(lè)觀的。故選A項(xiàng)。

4.D主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段可知,作者身為雜貨店的工作人員，本文講述的

就是在新冠肺炎疫情下她在雜貨店工作過(guò)程中的所見(jiàn)所聞,D選項(xiàng)符合文章主要

內(nèi)容，適合作為標(biāo)題。故選D項(xiàng)。

(C)

MamaandIspendmorningscleaningupthedirtthatblowsintoourhouse.Mama

saysallthedustisduetothedrought.Thedirtcoverseverything.ltcoversour

clothes.WehavetowashthedishesbeforeeachmeaLWerarelydrivethetruck

becausePapafearsthedustfromtheroadwillruinthemotor.

Whenmysister,Faye,andIwalktoschoolwewearkerchiefsoverourmouthsso

wedon'tbreatheinthedirt.Ondayswhentheairissobadthattheyclosethe

school,westayathomeandhelpMamaputwetsheetsoverthewindows.Butthedirt

alwaysfindsawayin.

LastSunday,therewasnodirtintheair,onlybrightspringsunshineandaclear

bluesky.Afterlunch,PapaheadedouttothefieldtocheckonthecattlewhileIplayed

withFayeintheyard.Thetemperaturesuddenlydropped.Ilookedtothewestandsaw

ahugeblackcloudofdust.Allthebirdsflewaway."ImustwarnPapa,“Ithoughtto

myself.lbavoidherpanicking,!gentlytoldFayetogobackinsidewhereshewould

besafe,andthenheadedofftothefield.

Thestormhitsofast,andinaninstantthedayturnedintonight.BythetimeI

enteredthecowfieldthefinesandwaswhippingacrossmyface.Iscreamedfor

Papa,hopingmyvoicewouldleadhimback.

Thedirtandsandstungmyskinlikeathousandbees.AlthoughIwasterrified,1

refusedtoturnback.Mydadwasstrandedandneededmyhelp.Coveringmyfacewith

onehand,!gropedmywaytowardthetruckandopenedthedoor.FirstItriedturning

thetruck'slightsonandoff^hopingthatPapawouldseethemflashing,butthe

sandstormletnolightescape.ThenIpushedthehomagainandagain,soPapawould

hearit.IpusheduntilIhadnomorestrengthinmyarms.

Suddenly,Papa'sfaceappearedatthewindow.Myheartleapedwithsurpriseand

relief.Heopenedthedoorandclimbedontotheseatnexttome.Hethenpulledmeinto

hisarmsandsaid/'Oh,Iris,yousavedme!^^

Finally,thewindsubsidedandthedustbegantosettle.Dirtwaspileduptothe

windowononesideofthetruckandhalfwayupthedoorontheother.Papakickedthe

door,openingitfarenoughtoletusout.

Sandandsoildriftswereeverywhere,butweweresafe.

1.Whatisthemainfunctionofthefirsttwoparagraphs?

A.Itdescribesaproblemthecharactersmustsolve.

Bitestablishesthesettingwherethestorytakesplace.

C.Itintroducesthecharactersthatarerelatedtothestory.

D.Itexplainsthemotivationsforthecharacters9lateractions.

2.WhydidPapagotothefieldthatSunday?

A.Hewastryingtogettohistruck.

B.Heneededtopreparethefieldforharvest.

C.Hewantedtomakesurethecattlewerefine.

D.Heplannedtobringthecattleinbeforethestorm.

3.HowdidIrissaveherfather?

A.Bywarninghimtorunaway.

B.Byturningonthetruck'slights.

C.Byguidinghimtowardstheshelter.

D.Byscreaminghisnameatthetopofhervoice.

4.WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribeIris?

A.Braveandcalm.

B.Experiencedandconfident.

C.Adventurousandcareful.

D.Fearlessandsympathetic.

l.B推理判斷題。下文講述了作者的英勇事跡，而第一、二段講述的是該故

事發(fā)生之前的天氣狀況,旨在給故事提供背景，故選B項(xiàng)。

2.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句"Afterlunch,Papaheadedouttothefield

tocheckonthecattle...”可知，父親那個(gè)周日去牧場(chǎng)是為了核實(shí)牛的情況是否正常,

故C項(xiàng)正確。

3.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的“FirstItriedturningthetruck'slightson

andoff,hopingthatPapawouldseethemflashing,butthesandstormletnolight

escape.ThenIpushedthehornagainandagain,soPapawouldhearit.“可知，作者通過(guò)

不斷地閃車(chē)燈和按喇叭的方式引導(dǎo)父親來(lái)卡車(chē)這個(gè)臨時(shí)庇護(hù)處躲避沙塵暴，故選

C項(xiàng)。

4.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段尾句以及第五段描述的作者嘗試各種方

式將父親引到車(chē)?yán)锒惚芸芍髡呤抢潇o的;根據(jù)第五段第二、三句可知，盡管作者

很害怕，但她還是沖進(jìn)沙塵暴去幫助父親，由此可知作者是勇敢的，故A項(xiàng)正確。

(D)

ErikKobayashi-SolomonspentadaywithDr.PaulGauthier,aplantphysiologist

specializinginvertical（垂直的）farmingresearchandcameawaywithseveral

importantideasaboutverticalfarming.

Humanshave12,000yearsofexperienceingrowingfood,butonlyageneration's

worthofexperienceorsoingrowingcropsindoors.Wearestillprogressingupthe

technologylearningcurve（曲線）.What'smore,traditionalfarmingtechniquesare

basedonconditionsthatarenotapplicabletoverticalfarming.Therefore,without

takingtimetounderstandthescience,verticalfarmingisnotlikelytobeabletolive

uptoitsimpliedpromise.

ThecostofpoweringLEDgrowlightsisoneofthebiggestproblemsavertical

farmmustovercome.Dr.LouisAlbrightatCornellhascharacterizedverticalfarmsas

the“pie-in?the?sky'‘business.Hefamouslycalculates,forinstance,thatthecostofa

loafofbreadwouldbe$24iffannedindoors一thecostistoohigh.Gauthier

acknowledgesthatenergypricesarehighbutpointsoutthatscientificworkhas

shownthatonlyabout6%ofavailablesunlightisusedincropphotosynthesis（光合

作用）,sotheremaybewaysofgrowingthesameplantswithlesslight.

Gauthieralsopointsoutthatwhileenergycostsareabithigh,verticalfarming

doescreateenormousefficienciesinotherareas.Waterusagemaybesignificantly

reducedbecausethesamewatercanberecycledtimeandagain.Fertilizerusecanbe

greatlyreducedandpesticidesforpestcontrolareunnecessary.It^clearthatvertical

farmingoffersrealvaluetosociety.

Thefutureisprobablymixed.Insomeenvironments一theMiddleEast,for

instance-amovetoverticalfarmingisano-brainer.AnindoorfarminSaudi

Arabia,forinstance,canusesolarenergytopowerLEDsatlowcostwithoutshading

otherfarmland.Inotherenvironments,though,theexpenseofestablishingafacility

placesahighbarongrowthandprofitability.Alargeverticalfarmingandequipment

operationonlystartedgeneratingasmallprofiteightyearsintoitsnine-yearlife.

1.WhatcanweinferaboutverticalfarminginParagraph2?

A.Itwillreplacetraditionalfarmingoneday.

B.Itreliesonresearchofmorebasicscience.

C.Itcanbeapplicableunderdifferentconditions.

D.Itactuallycameintobeing12,000yearsago.

2.WhatdoesDr.LouisAlbrightthinkofverticalfarms?

A.Theyuselesslightthantraditionalones.

B.Theymayseemveryunlikelytosucceed.

C.Theycanovercomemanyproblemsinfanning.

D.Theydonotneedanynaturalsunlightanylonger.

3.Whatisthefourthparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Thewaysofreducingcostsofverticalfarming.

B.Thesecretsofdevelopingverticalfarming.

C.Therecenttrendofverticalfarming.

D.Thebenefitsofverticalfarming.

4.Whyistheexampleof“anindoorfarminSaudiArabia“mentioned?

A.lbshowverticalfarmingcanworkwellinsomeplaces.

B.ToprovesolarenergyisvitalforfarminginSaudiArabia.

C.Toconfirmtheexpenseofsettingupaverticalfarmishigh.

D.lbarguethatvegetablesdonotneedtobeimportedanylonger.

l.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第四句"Therefbre,withouttakingtimeto

understandthescience,verticalfarmingisnotlikelytobeabletoliveuptoitsimplied

promise.”可知，如果不花時(shí)間去了解科學(xué)，垂直農(nóng)業(yè)就不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)其潛在的前景。

由此可推知，垂直農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展依賴更多的基礎(chǔ)科學(xué)的研究，故選B項(xiàng)。

2.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句"Dr.LouisAlbrightatCornellhas

characterizedverticalfarmsasthe'pie-in-the-sky'business.”及下文歹U舉的他預(yù)測(cè)使

用垂直農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)會(huì)使一條面包過(guò)貴可知,Dr.LouisAlbright認(rèn)為垂直農(nóng)業(yè)似乎不太

可能成功。故選B項(xiàng)。

3.D段落大意題。根據(jù)第四段第一句中的“verticalfarmingdoescreate

enormousefficienciesinotherareas”及本段最后一句"It'sclearthatverticalfarming

offersrealvaluetosociety.”可知，垂直農(nóng)業(yè)確實(shí)在其他領(lǐng)域創(chuàng)造了提高功效的方法,

為社會(huì)提供了真正的價(jià)值;該段第二、三句列舉了垂直農(nóng)業(yè)具體在哪些領(lǐng)域創(chuàng)造

了提高功效的方法。由此可知,本段主要講的是垂直農(nóng)業(yè)的好處。故選D項(xiàng)。

4.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句"Thefutureisprobablymixed.”和本

段中的"Insomeenvironments"”1!！otherenvironments”可知,本段主要講了在不同

的環(huán)境中垂直農(nóng)業(yè)未來(lái)的情況不同；又根據(jù)本段第三句中的“canusesolar

energy...shadingotherfarmland"可知，歹!J舉“anindoorfarminSaudiArabia”的例子，

是為了說(shuō)明在有些地方垂直農(nóng)業(yè)可以運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)良好。故選A項(xiàng)。

(E)

AprimaryschoolprincipalinnorthChinahasbecomethelatestInternet

celebrityforleadingsomecoolmovesduringamorningexerciseroutinewithhis

students.

Everymorning,40-year-oldprincipalZhangPengfeiatXiguanPrimarySchool

inLinyiCounty,ShanxiProvincewouldleadabout700pupilsintheplaygroundina

synchronised“ghostshuffle"routine-adancethatincorporatescontemporaryjazz

stepswithheel,toeandarmmovements.Theboldheadmasterthoughtthefunand

energeticexerciseroutinewouldbetterencouragestudentstogetactiveinsteadof

“beinggluedtotheirmobilephones”.

TheschooPsnew30-minutedanceroutinehasreplacedthegovernment-imposed

broadcastcallisthenicsprogramme,ashortworkoutthathasbeenarequirementat

everyprimary,middleandsecondaryschoolinChinasince1951.“Ithoughtwe

neededachangebecausethestudentshavebeenlosinginterestindoingthebroadcast

callisthenicsroutine,ZhangtoldtheSouthernMetropolisNews.

Thededicatedprincipalsaidhecameacrossagroupofpeopledoingthe“ghost

shuffle^^routineatapublicplazalastsummeranddecidedtolearnthedancehimself.

“Ithoughtthedancewouldbegreatforkids,“hesaid."Themusicisfullofenergy

anditreallygetsthehappyfeelingofflowing.^^InOctober,heintroducedthe

choreographed（編排的）routinetoallofhisstudentsandshortlyafter,eventeachers

andstaffwerejoiningin."Nowthestudentsaren'tconstantlyontheirphones.I

sometimescatchthemwatchingdifferentdanceroutinevideosandlearningnew

moves!,9theproudheadmastertoldreporters.

ThevideoquicklywentaroundonChinesesocialmedia,withaWeibotopic

pagetitled"principalleadsstudentsinghostdanceroutine^^gathering250million

views."Thisisperhapsthebestadaptationofsportandentertainmentforchildren,a

commentonWeiboread.

1.Whatcanweknowfromthepassage?

A.ZhangPengfeiisaprimaryschoolprincipalinsouthChina.

B.XiguanPrimarySchool'snew30-minutedanceroutineisbothfunand

energetic.

C.Doingthebroadcastcallisthenicsroutineisonlyrequiredatprimaryschoolsin

China.

D.FewpeopleshowedinterestinZhangPengfei^ghostdanceroutinevideoon

Weibo.

2.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.Peopleholdacriticalattitudetowardstheadaptation.

B.Peopleholdanindifferentattitudetowardstheadaptation.

C.Peopleholdanegativeattitudetowardstheadaptation.

D.Peopleholdasupportiveattitudetowardstheadaptation.

3.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.AfamousprimaryschoolprincipakZhangPengfei

B.TraditionalcallisthenicsprogrammesinChina

C.AChineseprincipalleadsstudentsina“ghostshuffle^^routine

D.AnInternetcelebrityinChina

4.Fromwhichpartofamagazinecanwereadthispassage?

A.Agriculture.B.Technology.C.Economy.D.Education.

答案

l.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句可知這位大膽的校長(zhǎng)認(rèn)為，這種有趣

而且充滿活力的鍛煉能更好地鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生活躍起來(lái)，而不是“目不轉(zhuǎn)睛地盯著他們

的手機(jī)”。據(jù)此可知，這種舞蹈有趣而且充滿活力。

2.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句中的“Thisisperhapsthebest

adaptationofsportandentertainmentforchildren”可知，這種舞蹈可能是孩子們運(yùn)動(dòng)

和娛樂(lè)的最佳方式。據(jù)此可推知，人們對(duì)這種改編的舞蹈持支持的態(tài)度。

3.C主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文可知，本文主要介紹了一位校長(zhǎng)帶領(lǐng)學(xué)生跳“鬼

步舞''的故事。據(jù)此可知,C項(xiàng)最合適。

4.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文可知，山西臨猗縣西關(guān)小學(xué)校長(zhǎng)對(duì)學(xué)校的課間操

進(jìn)行了改革，選用“鬼步舞”代替課間操。他認(rèn)為這種舞蹈音樂(lè)節(jié)奏強(qiáng)烈，充滿正能

量，對(duì)孩子的身心健康有益。據(jù)此可知，本文與學(xué)校教育有關(guān),故選自雜志的教育版

塊。

(F)

Highlevelsofchocolateconsumptionmightbeassociatedwithaonethird

reductionintheriskofdevelopingheartdisease,suggestsastudypublishedonlinein

theBritishMedicalJournal.Thefindingsconfirmtheresultsofexistingstudiesthat

generallyagreeonapotentialbeneficiallinkbetweenchocolateconsumptionand

hearthealth.However,theauthorsstressthatfurtherstudiesareneededtotest

whetherchocolateactuallycausesthisreductionorifitcanbeexplainedbysome

otherunmeasuredfactors.

TheWorldHealthOrganizationpredictsthatby2030,nearly236millionpeople

willdiefromheartdisease.However,lifestyleanddietarekeyfactorsinpreventing

heartdisease,saysthepaper.Anumberofrecentstudieshaveshownthateating

chocolatehasapositiveinfluenceonhumanhealthduetoitsantioxidantand

anti-inflammatoryproperties.Thisincludesreducingbloodpressureandimproving

insulinsensitivity.

However,theevidenceabouthoweatingchocolateaffectsyourheartstill

remainsunclear.So,DrOscarFrancoandcolleaguesfromtheUniversityof

Cambridgecarriedoutalargescaleofreviewoftheexistingevidencetoevaluatethe

effectsofeatingchocolateoncardiovascular(心血管的)eventslikeheartattacksand

strokes.

Theyanalyzedtheresultsofsevenstudies,involvingover100,000participants

withandwithoutexistingheartdisease.Foreachstudy,theycomparedthegroupwith

thehighestchocolateconsumptionandthegroupwiththelowestconsumption.

Fivestudiesreportedabeneficiallinkbetweenhigherlevelsofchocolate

consumption