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PartSix

Grammar&WritingPartSixGrammar&Writing高中英語北師大版必修二課件:Unit+6+Design+Period+Six+Grammar+and+Writing高中英語北師大版必修二課件:Unit+6+Design+Period+Six+Grammar+and+Writing高中英語北師大版必修二課件:Unit+6+Design+Period+Six+Grammar+and+Writing高中英語北師大版必修二課件:Unit+6+Design+Period+Six+Grammar+and+Writing高中英語北師大版必修二課件:Unit+6+Design+Period+Six+Grammar+and+Writing高中英語北師大版必修二課件:Unit+6+Design+Period+Six+Grammar+and+Writing2.表示時間之前用before,之后用after或in。例如:We'llhavetofinishtheworkbeforerainseason.雨季到來之前,我們得干完這些活。(1)表示“在某段時間之后”,介詞in短語常與將來時連用。Pleasewaithere.I'llcomebackinafewminutes.請在這兒等一下。我?guī)追昼姾缶突貋怼?.表示時間之前用before,之后用after或in。例如(2)after與表示“某段時間”的詞語連用時,句子謂語動詞常用過去時。after與表示“某一特定時間”的詞語連用時,句子謂語動詞也可用于將來時。例如:Hecamebackfromabroadaftertwoyears.兩年后他從國外回來了。We'llcomebackafterfiveo'clock.我們將在五點以后回來。(2)after與表示“某段時間”的詞語連用時,句子謂語動詞高中英語北師大版必修二課件:Unit+6+Design+Period+Six+Grammar+and+Writing4.by,during,till,until表時間(1)by表示時間點,表示“不遲于,到……時候為止”。Yoursonwillbeallrightbysuppertime.到晚飯時你兒子就會好了。(2)during可以表示一段持續(xù)的時間,也可以表示這段持續(xù)時間中的某一點或一刻,視具體情況而定。Hecalledonmeduringmyabsence.他來看我時我不在。4.by,during,till,until表時間(3)till與until也可以表示一段時間。一般來說,till在肯定句中與延續(xù)性動詞連用,until則常用在否定句中,與瞬間動詞連用。HehadstayedinShanghaitilllastweek.他在上海一直呆到上星期。Don'tgoawayuntilIcomeback.我回來你才能離開。(3)till與until也可以表示一段時間。一般來說,ti注意:表示時間的介詞的區(qū)別1.a(chǎn)t,in和onat表示片刻的時間,at8o'clock,atNewYear等。in表示一段時間,inthemorning,inthefuture等。on總是跟日子有關,onMonday,onChristmasmorning等。注意:表示時間的介詞的區(qū)別2.since和fromsince表示從過去到現(xiàn)在的一段時間的過程,常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用。from表示從時間的某一點開始,不涉及與現(xiàn)在的關系,一般多與現(xiàn)在時、過去時、將來時連用。Wehavenotseeneachothersince2005.自從2005年以來我們彼此未見面。Ihopetodomorningexercisefromtoday.我希望從今天開始晨練。2.since和from二、表示地點的介詞1.a(chǎn)t和inat用于表示比較狹小的地點,不強調(diào)空間范圍;in用于表示比較寬敞的地點,強調(diào)空間和地域。I'llwaitforyouatXisiNo.22BusStoptomorrow.我明天在西四的22路公共汽車站等你。二、表示地點的介詞Wearetoassembleattheschoolgatetomorrowmorning.我們明天早晨在學校大門口集合。WereyouborninShanghai?你是在上海出生的嗎?Theyareallinthedininghall.他們都在餐廳。Wearetoassembleatthescho2.in和toin表示在某一區(qū)域以內(nèi);to表示在某一區(qū)域以外,相對于某一事物的位置。ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.上海坐落在中國的東邊。MyhouseisinthenorthoftheBeijingcity.我家在北京城的北面。JapanliestotheeastofChina.日本位于中國的東邊。2.in和to3.on,above,over和below,under(1)on可以指“在……的上面”(有接觸面),也可以指“在靠近……的地方”。Therearemanypicturesonthewall.墻上有許多畫。Myseatisontheleftofmymother.我的座位在媽媽的左邊。3.on,above,over和below,under(2)above表示“在……上方”,但不一定是正上方。Sheisnowlivinginaflatabovethepostoffice.她現(xiàn)在住在郵局上面的一套公寓里。TheplanewasflyingaboveHimalayas.飛機那時正飛越喜馬拉雅山。(3)over表示“在……的正上方”,即垂直的上方。Acrowjustflewoverhishouse.一只烏鴉剛好從他家房上飛過。Theboysjumpedoverastreamoneafteranother.男孩兒們一個接一個地從小溪上方一躍而過。(2)above表示“在……上方”,但不一定是正上方。(4)below表示“在……的下方”,但不一定是正下方,是above的反義詞。Belowthewindowsofherflatisafreemarket.在她公寓的窗戶下面是一個自由市場。(5)under表示“在……的正下方”,即垂直的下方,反義詞是over。Underthechairthereisacatsleeping.椅子下面有一只貓在睡覺。(4)below表示“在……的下方”,但不一定是正下方,是a4.inthefrontof和infrontofinthefrontof與infrontof具有不同的含義。前者表示在某一范圍之內(nèi)的前部,后者表示某一范圍之外的前面。Theteacherisstandinginthefrontoftheclassroom.老師正站在教室的前面。(在教室之內(nèi))Thereisatreeinfrontoftheclassroom.教室的前面有一棵樹。(在教室之外)5.除了上述介詞外,表示地點的介詞還有:表示“在……旁邊”的at,by,beside,nextto,near;表示“在……之間”的between和among;表示“在……四周”的around等。4.inthefrontof和infrontof三、表示動作的介詞1.into和outofinto表示“進入”,用于表示有特定終點的運動方向,經(jīng)常與come,go,run,rush等連用。outof表示“從……里出來”,與into一樣,也表示有一定的運動方向。Thechildranintohismother'sarms.那孩子跑入他母親的懷抱。Hetookthecardoutofhispocketandshowedittotheguard.他把證件從口袋里拿出來,并給警衛(wèi)出示了一下。三、表示動作的介詞2.to,for和fromto表示“到……(某地或方向)”;for表示“向……”,用于表示目的地;from表示“從……來”。Cometomyhouse,Susan.蘇姍,到我家來一趟。She'llleaveforEnglandnextMonday.下周一她將動身去英國。WecomefromChina.我們來自中國。2.to,for和from3.a(chǎn)long,across和throughalong表示“順著,沿著”;across表示“橫過,橫跨”;through表示“通過,貫穿”。Hewalkedalongthestreettotherailwaystation.他沿著那條街向火車站走去。Hesawmeandcametomeacrosstheroad.他看見了我,便穿過馬路向我走來。Hersonwastoofattogothroughthedoor.她兒子太胖了,過不去這個門。3.a(chǎn)long,across和through注意:下列介詞的區(qū)別(1)表示“穿過……”的through和acrossthrough表示從內(nèi)部通過,與in有關;across則表示從一端至另一端從表面上通過,與on有關。Waterflowsthroughthepipe.水從水管里流出。Thelakewasfrozen,sowewalkedacrosstheice.湖水結(jié)冰了,所以我們從冰上走了過去。注意:下列介詞的區(qū)別(2)into和in①into表示動向,不表示目的地或位置;in通常表示位置。Wewalkedintothepark.我們走進公園。Wewalkedinthepark.我們在公園里走著。②in和drop,fall,put,throw,break等終止性動詞連用時,也可以表示動向。Ihaveputthecoinin(into)mypocket.我把硬幣放進口袋里。(2)into和inⅠ.用適當?shù)慕樵~填空1.Tonysawatoy

ashopwindow.2.

waitingforhalfanhour,shewasbeginningtogetimpatient.3.Shirley,arealbookreader,oftenbringshomemanybookstoread

thelibrary.4.Thesetoysarenotsuitableforchildren

fouryearsold,whoaretooyoung.5.Asyouknow,Taiwanis

thesoutheastofChina.inAfterfromunderinⅠ.用適當?shù)慕樵~填空inAfterfromunderin6.ThecouplefromSwedentraveled

BeijinglastTuesday.7.YoucanseeclearlyfromthemapthatHubeilies

thenorthofHunan.8.Anewbridgewillbebuilt

theriver.9.Thereisalamp

thedesk.10.Doyouthinktheshirtistootight

theshoulder?11.Wehaven'tseeneachother

threeyearsago.12.Ittookusacoupleofhourstowalk

theforest.13.Thattrafficaccidenthappened

themorningofMaythethird.14.

the19thcenturyEnglishpeoplelikedtogototheseaside.15.Let'sstartout

7amand8am.inonoveronacrosssincethroughonInbetween6.ThecouplefromSwedentraveⅡ.單句改錯1.MycousininvitedmetoadanceaftertheshowinChristmasEve. in→on2.TheysaidallthebuildingsfortheOlympicGameswouldbecompletedafterthreemonths. after→in3.Thereisnothingimportanttodointomorrowafternoon,isthere? 去掉in4.IhadagoodtalkoverlunchwithTinaatherhomeonyesterdaymorning.去掉onⅡ.單句改錯5.MygrandfatherwasborninOctober,10th,1935inasmallmountainvillage.第一個in→on6.Ithappenedtobeverycoldinthemorningofoursportsmeeting.in→on7.ShewillflyinBeijingtoHongkong.in→from8.ThetraintoShanghaihasbeenaway. to→for9.Theteachercameintheclassroomwithasmile.in→into5.MygrandfatherwasborninO10.It'sdangeroustorunthroughthebusyroad.through→across11.Ittookustenminutestodriveoverthetunnel.over→through12.TheplanewillarriveatBeijingat13:00. at→in13.ThenewroadwillbeopeninMayDay. in→on14.Comeinthehouse!It'scoldoutside. in→into15.Let'sclimbonthemountainbeforeit'sdark. on→over

10.It'sdangeroustorunthrou觀察下列句子,體會定語從句關系詞的使用。1.(2015·湖南卷)Itisatrulydelightfulplace,whichlooksthesameasitmusthavedone100yearsagowithitswindingstreetsandprettycottages.2.(2015·北京卷)OppositeisSt.Paul'sChurch,whereyoucanhearsomelovelymusic.3.(2015·浙江卷)Creatinganatmosphereinwhichemployeesfeelpartofateamisabigchallenge.觀察下列句子,體會定語從句關系詞的使用。4.(2015·天津卷)Thebossofthecompanyistryingtocreateaneasyatmospherewherehisemployeesenjoytheirwork.5.(2015·四川卷)Thebooksonthedesk,whosecoversareshiny,areprizesforus.6.(2015·陜西卷)Asthesmallestchildofhisfamily,Alexisalwayslongingforthetimewhenheshouldbeabletobeindependent.7.(2015·江蘇卷)Thenumberofsmokers,asisreported,hasdroppedby17percentinjustoneyear.8.(2016·江蘇卷)Manyyoungpeople,mostofwhomwerewell-educated,headedforremoteregionstochasetheirdreams.4.(2015·天津卷)Thebossoftheco9.(2016·北京卷)Ilivenextdoortoacouplewhosechildrenoftenmakealotofnoise.10.(2016·浙江卷)Scientistshaveadvancedmanytheoriesaboutwhyhumanbeingscrytears,noneofwhichhasbeenproved.11.(2016·天津卷)Wewillputoffthepicnicintheparkuntilnextweek,whentheweathermaybebetter.12.(2014·福建卷)Studentswouldinvolvethemselvesincommunityactivitieswheretheygainexperienceforgrowth.13.(2014·天津卷)Englishisalanguagesharedbyseveraldiversecultures,eachofwhichusesitdifferently.9.(2016·北京卷)Ilivenextdoort14.(2013·遼寧卷)Hemaywinthecompetition,inwhichcaseheislikelytogetintothenationalteam.15.(2013·浙江卷)Thechildren,allofwhomhadplayedthewholedaylong,werewornout.14.(2013·遼寧卷)Hemaywintheco用來說明句子中某一名詞、詞組或代詞(有時也可說明整個句子中的一部分)而起定語作用的句子叫做定語從句。被修飾的名詞、詞組或代詞叫做先行詞。定語從句通常出現(xiàn)在先行詞之后,由關系詞(關系代詞或關系副詞)引出。關系詞通常有下列三個作用:用來說明句子中某一名詞、詞組或代詞(有時也可說明整個句子中的(1)引導定語從句;(2)代替先行詞;(3)在定語從句中擔當一個成分。Themanwhoisshakinghandswithmyfatherisapoliceman.與我父親握手的那個人是一名警察。該句中,whoisshakinghandswithmyfather是定語從句,修飾先行詞theman,who是引導定語從句的關系詞,代替先行詞theman,在定語從句中作主語。(1)引導定語從句;(2)代替先行詞;(3)在定語從句中擔當一、關系代詞引導的定語從句關系代詞是用來指代先行詞是人或物的詞,關系代詞有that,which,who,whom,whose等。1.that既可指人又可指物,在句中可作主語或賓語,作賓語時可省略。Thenoodles(that)Icookedweredelicious.(作賓語)我煮的面條很好吃。Thegirl(that)wesawyesterdaywasJim'ssister.(作賓語)昨天我們見到的女孩是吉姆的姐姐。Thewomanthatspoketomeintheshopismyaunt.(作主語)在商店里和我說話的那個婦女是我的姨媽。一、關系代詞引導的定語從句2.which僅指物,在定語從句中作主語或賓語,作賓語時可以省略。Chinaisacountrywhichhasalonghistory.(作主語)中國是一個具有悠久歷史的國家。Thefish(which)weboughtthismorningwasnotfresh.(作賓語)我們今天早晨買的魚不新鮮。2.which僅指物,在定語從句中作主語或賓語,作賓語時可3.who指人,在定語從句中作主語,在口語中也可作賓語,作賓語時可省略。Themanwhoistalkinghappilywithmyteacherismyfather.(作主語)正在和老師愉快交談的那個人是我父親。Thegirl(who)Ispoketoisanurse.(作賓語)和我說話的那個女孩是一位護士。4.whom指人,是who的賓格形式,在定語從句中作賓語,可以省略。Sheisthemanager(whom)youwanttoknow.(作賓語)她是你想認識的那個經(jīng)理。3.who指人,在定語從句中作主語,在口語中也可作賓語,作賓5.whose指人或物,在定語從句中作定語。Iknowaboywhosefatherisanengineer.(作定語)我認識一個男孩,他的父親是位工程師。Shesawafilmwhosenameshehasforgotten.(作定語)她看了一部電影,名字她忘記了。6.定語從句中,關系代詞作主語時,謂語動詞的單復數(shù)取決于先行詞的單復數(shù)。Thosewhoareintheirfortiesarerequiredtohaveaphysicalexaminationthisafternoon.要求那些四十多歲的人在今天下午進行體檢。5.whose指人或物,在定語從句中作定語。二、關系代詞that的特殊用法定語從句中關系代詞只用that的情況:1.先行詞是all,much,anything,something,nothing,everything,little,none等不定代詞時。Thereisnotmuchthatoughttobedonerightnow.沒有多少應該馬上做的事情。2.先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級所修飾時。I'llneverforgetthefirstlessonthatIlearned.我永遠不會忘記我學的第一課。二、關系代詞that的特殊用法3.先行詞被all,any,every,each,few,little,no,some等詞修飾時。Ihavereadallthebooks(that)yougaveme.我讀完了你給我的所有書。4.先行詞被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast等修飾時。HeistheonlypersonthatIwanttotalkto.他是我想與之交談的唯一一個人。5.先行詞既有人又有物時。Theytalkedofthingsandpersonsthattheyrememberedintheschool.他們談到了他們在學校里記住的事情和人。3.先行詞被all,any,every,each,few,lⅢ.選用適當?shù)年P系代詞完成下列定語從句1.Thegirl

servedinthestorewastheowner'sdaughter.2.Herearemyneighbours

homewasdestroyedbytheearthquake.3.Isthatbuilding

windowsfacetheseayouroffice?4.Hereisabook

willgiveyoualotofusefulknowledge.5.Thisisthepainting

welikebest.6.I'llneverforgetthedayon

ImethiminBeijing.who/thatwhosewhosewhich/thatthat/whichwhichⅢ.選用適當?shù)年P系代詞完成下列定語從句who/thatwho7.Thenextdaypeopleputupsheltersintheopenairmadewithanything

theycouldfind.8.All

Itoldyoujustnowistrue.9.Doyouknowthethingsandpersons

theyaretalkingabout?10.Susandidn'tstudyhard,

ledtoherfailureinthefinalexams.thatthatthatwhich7.ThenextdaypeopleputupsⅣ.把下列每小題的兩個句子合并成一個句子1.Ihaveafriend.Heenjoyslisteningtoclassicalmusic.Ihaveafriendwho/thatenjoyslisteningtoclassicalmusic.2.LastweekMaryworethewatch.Iboughtitforher.LastweekMaryworethewatchthat/whichIboughtforher.3.TheboycomesfromAustralia.HisfatherisaChinese.TheboycomesfromAustraliawhosefatherisaChinese.4.Themillionairewantstovisitthetown.Hegrewupinit.Themillionairewantstovisitthetownwhichhegrewupin.Ⅳ.把下列每小題的兩個句子合并成一個句子5.Theoldmanlikesreadinglocalnewspapereveryday.Itcontainsusefulinformation.Theoldmanlikesreadinglocalnewspapereverydaywhich/thatcontainsusefulinformation.5.Theoldmanlikesreadinglo高中英語北師大版必修二課件:Unit+6+Design+Period+Six+Grammar+and+Writing高中英語北師大版必修二課件:Unit+6+Design+Period+Six+Grammar+and+Writing[常用句式]1.I'malwaysdreamingofowningahousewith...2.Mydreamhouseliesin..

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