高三上學(xué)期英語(yǔ)閱讀理解專項(xiàng)練習(xí)小卷12

中學(xué)英語(yǔ)閱讀理解專練小卷（12）IfyouwanttounderstandChinabutcan’taffordanexpensiveinternationalflight,thesefourbookscangiveyouacompleteoverviewofthecountry.RiverTownRiverTown:TwoYearsontheYangtzebyPeterHessler-Thisbookisajournaloftheauthor’stwoyearsspentteachingEnglishinasmalltowncalledFuling,situatedonthebanksoftheYangtzeRiver.Hesslerwritesabouthisexperienceslivinginaforeigncultureandobservingthelivesofthetown’sresidents.Thebookwaspublishedin2001andhaswonseveralawards,includingtheKiriyamaPrize.DengXiaopingandtheTransformationofChinaItisabookthattellsthestoryofChina’smodernization.ItwaswrittenbyEzraVogelandpublishedin2011.TheauthordescribeshowDengXiaoping’spoliciesledtosignificantchangesinChina’seconomyandsociety.ThebookhasreceivedcriticalhonorsandwontheLionelGelberPrizeIn2012.TheSearchforModernChinabyJonathanSpenceThisbookisacomprehensivehistoryofChinafromtheMingdynastytothepresentday.Theauthor,aprominentscholarofChinesehistory,providesadetailedanalysisofthesocial,cultural,andpoliticalchangesthathavetakenplaceinChinaoverthepast500years.Thebookwasfirstputoutin1990andhassincebeenrevisedandupdatedseveraltimes.Thisbookwasthetopbestsellerforyears.FactoryGirls:FromVillagetoCityinaChangingChinaWrittenbyLeslieT.Chang,thisbook,publishedin2008,isreportageonthelivesofyoungwomenwholeavetheirruralhomestoworkinfactoriesinChina’scities.Chang,aformerNewYorkTimescorrespondent(someonewhoisemployedbyanewspaperoratelevisionstationetc.toreportnewsfromaparticularareaoronaparticularsubject),interviewedhundredsoffactorygirlstoprovideinsightintothesocialandeconomicchangesinChina.203．WhatkindofbookisRiverTown?A．Sciencefiction. B．Nonfiction.C．AtravelguideofFuling. D．Areferencebook.204．WhatisTRUEaboutTheSearchforModernChinabyJonathanSpence?A．Itwaspublished500yearsago. B．Itwaswrittenbyahistoryteacher.C．Itwasverypopular. D．Ithasremainedthesamesinceitsfirstpublication.205．Whichbookiswrittenbyareporter?A．RiverTown.B．DengXiaopingandtheTransformationofChina.C．TheSearchforModernChina.D．FactoryGirls:FromVillagetoCityinaChangingChina.AroundtheSaharaDesert,daytimetemperaturescanreach140degreesFahrenheit(60degreesCentigrade).Notmanyorganismscansurviveinthissevereenvironment.ButaninsectcalledtheSaharansilverantthrives.Theyquicklyrunontothesandfromtheirprotectedneststogatherupthebodiesoflessfortunateinsectsthathavediedfromtheheat.“Thehottertheday,themoreinsectbodiestheywillfindandthemorefoodtheyhave.”saysSarahPfeffer,ananimalbehavioristatUlmUniversityinGermany.ShesaysthattoavoidsinkingintotheSaharansand,wheretheycouldmeetthesamefateastheirlunch,silverantshavetobefast.Todocumentjusthowquicklytheantsmove,Pfefferandhercolleaguessetuphigh-speedcamerasaboveachannelbetweentheentrancetothehungryants'nestandafoodsource.Theresearchersrecordedtopspeedsapproaching35inchespersecond.“Butifyoureallyknowhowbigtheanimalsare,andyoucalculatethebodylengthpersecond,youcomeupwithawalkingspeedthatisanastonishing108bodylengthspersecond.”Thatfiguremakesthemthefastestknownantontheplanet.Thevideosrevealedhowtheantsachievesuchgreatspeeds.Astheyaccelerate.theirlegmovementsbecomesynchronized(同步的).Theyincreasetheirsteplengthbybringingallsixfeetoffthesandatonce.“Really,alllegsareliftedfromtheground.Theyareinair,butit'snotjumping.It'saverysmoothrunthattheyhave”saysPfeffer.Pfeffersaysthey'refasterthanacloselyrelatedantspeciescalledCataglyphisfortis,whichhaslongerlegsbutalessimpressiveairbornephase(騰空階段).Thatantonlyreachesabout24inchespersecond,ortwothirdsofthesilverant'smaximum.TheSaharansilverants'rapidspeedsmaybeimpressive,buttwoinsectsareevenLaster:theCaliforniacoastalmiteandtheAustraliantigerbeetle,bothofwhichalsothriveatlife-threateningtemperatures.Seemsthattobeattheheat,itpaystobefleet.206．Theunderlinedword"thrives"inthefirstparagraphprobablymeans“________”.A．becomesextinct B．movesaway C．getsweaker D．livessuccessfully207．WhatcanwelearnaboutSaharansilverantsfromthepassage?A．Theysometimesdiefromtheheat.B．Theyarethefastestknownanimalsontheplanet.C．Theirlegmovementsbecomesynchronizedwhentheyspeedup.D．TheymovefasterthantheCaliforniacoastalmiteandtheAustraliantigerbeetle.208．WhatdoestheauthorwanttoexplainbywingtheexampleoftheCauliformCrestamile?A．It'simportanttobefastinanextremecondition.B．Notmanyorganismscansurviveinasevereenvironment.C．TheanimalhasalessimpressivespeedthantheSaharansilverant.D．SaharansilverantsgatherupthebodiesoftheCaliforniacoastalmites.209．Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．AnimalsSurviveinExtremeHot B．TheFastestKnownBeetleonthePlanetC．FleetAntBeatsSaharanHeat D．AntsIncreaseStepLengthbyJumpingGene-editinghascreatedagenerationofmusicalcrops.Ithasbeenknownforsometimethatplantscantalktooneanother.Manycommunicatechemically,boththroughtheairandviatheirroots—warningeachother,forexample,ofthearrivalofherbivorous(食草的)insectsinordertoco-ordinatetheirresponsestothesepests.Thoseresponsesarealsooftenaformofcommunication,namelyafurtherreleaseofchemicalsthatrecruitpredatorsandparasites(捕食者和寄生蟲(chóng))ofsaidherbivores.Thesethensolvetheirsummoners’(召喚者)problemsbyhavinglunch.Plants’interactionswithsoundarelesswellunderstood,thoughitisknownthatflowerssuchaseveningprimroses(月見(jiàn)草)candetectthebuzzingofbeesandrespondbyproducingsweeternectar(蜜汁).Moreover,apaperpublishedinthisweek'sCell,byLilachHadanyofTel-AvivUniversityandhercolleagues,describeshowplantsmakenoiseswhentheyarestressedbydroughtorphysicaldamage.DrHadanyandherteamdonotyetknowwhetherotherplantsarelistening,butsuspectthattheymightbe.Noneofthisisnews,however,toPaoloFril,CEOandchiefscientistoftheGeneDuplicationCorporation(GeneDupe),abiotechnologyfirminSanMelito,California.Observingthatgardenersandgreenhouseowners,fromBritain’snewking,CharlesIII,downwards,oftentalktotheirplants,andsometimesevenplaythemmusic,heandhisteamhavebeeninvestigatingplants’aural(聽(tīng)覺(jué))andoralactivitiesforseveralyears,andarenowadjustingthemusingcrispr-Cas9gene-editingtechnology.TheplanistocreatearangeofproductswhichDrFrilhopeswillpleasehisfirm’sshareholders—whichheneedstodoafteranawkwardrun-inthecompanyhadafewyearsagowithsomeanimal-rightsactivistsoveritspreviousproduct,Print-a-pet.210．Howdoplantsconveyinformation?A．Throughtheirleaves.B．Throughtheirbranches.C．Throughthesoil.D．Throughthechemicalstheyrelease.211．Whichstatementistrue?A．Thereleaseofthechemicalscanalsohelptoprotecttheplantsthemselves.B．Theexampleofeveningprimrosesprovescrops’hearinghasbeenwellunderstoodC．HerbivorescanbekilleddirectlybythechemicalsD．LilachHadanywroteapaperalone.212．Fromparagraph4wecanlearnthat___________.A．DrHadanyhasknownthatalltheplantscanhearB．Britain'snewking,CharlesIII,joinedintheresearchC．thatplantscansensesoundisnotanewstoryforDrFrilD．DrHadanyisconsideringusingcrispr-Cas9gene-editingtechnology213．WhydidDrFrildecidetodotheresearch?A．Tosetuphisreputationasascientist.B．Tomakethecompany’sshareholdershappy.C．Toproduceaspecialproducttomakemoney.D．TohelpTel-AvivUniversityresearchthehearingoftheplants.FreeOnlineEventsforReader'sDigestReadersReader’sDigesthaspartneredwithRestLessEventstobringyouonlinetalks,virtualtours,fitnessclassesandmuchmore---alltoenjoyfromthecomfortofyourownhome---Jointodayfor?3monthsFREEpremium(高級(jí)的)access!WhatisRestLessEvents?RestLessEventsisoneofthemostpopularwebsitesforonlineeventsandalreadylovedandtrustedbymorethan45,000people.Itaimstobringlike-mindedpeopletogetherthroughsharedinterestsandexperiences,withanemphasisongeneralwell-being.There’sover100onlineeventseachmonthtotrysowhetheryouhaveadesiretogetfitter,totryyourhandatanewskill,orsimplywishtositbackandrelaxwithavirtualtourwhilstbeingpartofafriendlyonlinecommunity--signingupforclassesandeventswithRestLessEvents?couldbejustwhatyouhavebeenlookingfor.Howdoesitwork?SignupviatheonlineregistrationformatRestLessEvents,thenyoucantakeabrowsethroughthecalendarofupcomingeventsandseewhattakesyourfancy.Onceyouregisterforanevent,youwillthenreceivealinkonemailreadyforyoutojointheliveevent,butdon’tworryifyourplanschangeandyoucan’tmakeit,becauseyouwillbeabletowatchtherecordinglateratamoreconvenienttime.JoinRestLessEventstodayandyougettoenjoya3monthFREEpremiumaccess!Ifyou’reupformore,thenyoucaneitherselectandbookadditionaleventsonapay-as-you-gobasis,oryoucanupgradetofullpremiummembershipgivingyoufullfreeaccesstoalleventsforonly￡4.99permonth.Ifyouchoosetogoforthepremiummembership,there’snocontract,yousimplyupgradeyourmembershipandyoucancancelanytime----noquestionsasked.214．WhatistheaimofRestLessEvents?A．Togatherpeoplewhointendtotalkwithothers.B．Togatherpeoplewhowanttomakefriends.C．Togatherpeoplewhohavethesameinterest.D．Togatherpeoplewhodecidetolearnanewskill.215．Ifyouregisterrightnow,whatbonus(紅利)willyouget?A．Beingpartofafriendlyonlinecommunity.B．Knowingwhateventistobeheld.C．Beinganadvancedmemberfor3monthswithoutcharge.D．Relaxingwithavirtualtour.216．Ifyouwanttogetaseniormembership,youmust.A．pay￡4.99everymonth.B．makeawrittenpromise.C．contactthemandknowmoredetailsD．remembertokeepyourmembershippermanently.Astechnologycontinuestoevolve,museumsarestartingtoincorporate(并入)ittosupporttheiraimofpreservinghistory.Today’smuseumsarelookingathowtheycanincludeapps,digitalinteractivityandvirtualreality(VR)intheirexhibitions,toencouragefurthervisitorengagement.InItalyalone,overhalfofmuseumswereplanningtointroduceaugmentedreality(AR),evenbeforethedip(下降，衰退)invisitornumbersduringthepandemic.Multi-touchscreensdeveloperZytronichascollaboratedwithitsclientsonprovidingsomeofthemostinterestinginnovationsintechnologyusedinmuseumsinrecentyears.StoryoftheForest,NationalMuseumofSingaporeTheStoryoftheForestisagorgeousimmersiveartexhibition,basedintheNationalMuseumofSingapore.Theinstallationutilizes(使用)69piecesofartfromthemuseum’smostprizedcollection,theWilliamFarquharCollectionofNaturalHistoryDrawings.Thesedrawingshavebeenturnedinto3Dinteractiveanimationsthroughtheuseofsomecreativetechnology.CreatedbyteamLab,adigitalartcollectivefromJapan,theStoryoftheForesttakesyou,throughthecolonial(殖民的)historyofSingapore,rightuptomodernday.Visitorscanwalkthroughtheexhibitionandviewthegorgeousanimateddrawings.Theinstallationbeginswithdarkness,theimagesslowlyrevealedasyouwalkthroughtheblackspace.Theinteractiveelementisintroducedvia(經(jīng)由)anapp,downloadablefromtheAppleorGooglePlaystores.Oncedownloaded,theappallowsyoutosnapaphotooftheanimateddrawingsanddiscoverfurtherinformationabouttheanimalspictured.Theapphasasectiontitled“MyCollection”whereyoucanstoreimagesyouhavetakenandworktowardsdiscoveringalltheinteractiveelementsoftheexhibition.Youcanalsotakeacloserlookateachindividualanimalanddiscovermoreaboutitsraritylevelandspecies.Thisdisplayfunctionsasakindofinteractivesafari,takingyouthroughvarioushabitats.Ithasbeenapermanentexhibitionatthemuseumsince2016,provingitspopularitywithvisitors!217．Theunderlinedwordinparagraph4maymean?A．Useful. B．Valueless. C．Ancient. D．Precious.218．Ifyouwanttointeractwiththeexhibition-StoryoftheForest,youneed____________.A．buyaticketandwalkthroughtheblackspaceB．installanappthroughtheApplestoreC．clickascreenandtakepicturesD．downloadtheapp“MyCollection”219．Accordingtothepassage,wecanknow_________.A．mostmuseumsinItalyhavedecidedtouseARbeforethepandemicB．youwillenjoytheStoryoftheForestthroughanappC．TheStoryoftheForestwillbetorndownafterthedisplayD．Singaporeoncewasinvadedbyanothercountry220．Whichisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．TechnologyismakingexhibitionsmoreinteractiveB．ExhibitionsarebecomingdigitalC．TheinteractiveelementsinexhibitionsD．AnexhibitioninNationalMuseumofSingapore答案：203．B204．C205．D【來(lái)源】湖南省雅禮中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期月考（一）英語(yǔ)試題【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文介紹了四本中國(guó)主題的文學(xué)作品。203．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“RiverTown”部分的“Thisbookisajournaloftheauthor’stwoyearsspentteachingEnglishinasmalltowncalledFuling,situatedonthebanksoftheYangtzeRiver.(這本書(shū)是作者在長(zhǎng)江岸邊一個(gè)叫涪陵的小鎮(zhèn)教英語(yǔ)兩年的日記。)”可知，RiverTown是作者的生活日志，屬于nonfjction系列。故選B。204．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“TheSearchforModernChinabyJonathanSpence”部分的“Thisbookwasthetopbestsellerforyears.(這本書(shū)多年來(lái)一直是最暢銷書(shū)。)”可知，這本書(shū)銷量高，很受歡迎。故選C。205．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“FactoryGirls:FromVillagetoCityinaChangingChina”部分的“Chang,aformerNewYorkTimescorrespondent(someonewhoisemployedbyanewspaperoratelevisionstationetc.toreportnewsfromaparticularareaoronaparticularsubject)(前《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》記者（受雇于報(bào)紙或電視臺(tái)等報(bào)道特定地區(qū)或特定主題新聞的人）)”可知，F(xiàn)actoryGirls:FromVillagetoCityinaChangingChina這本書(shū)的作者是一名記者。故選D。206．D207．C208．A209．C【來(lái)源】湖南省雅禮中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期月考（一）英語(yǔ)試題【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。這篇文章介紹了撒哈拉銀蟻這種昆蟲(chóng)能夠在極端環(huán)境下生存并且以驚人的速度奔跑。這種銀蟻的奔跑速度是已知螞蟻中最快的，比其他親屬種類的螞蟻速度更快。此外，文章還提到了另外兩種昆蟲(chóng)也能在高溫環(huán)境下生存并且速度更快。因此文章指出對(duì)于這些生命體來(lái)說(shuō)，快速移動(dòng)似乎是在抵抗高溫的一種策略。206．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞前面的句子“Notmanyorganismscansurviveinthissevereenvironment.(沒(méi)有多少生物能在這種惡劣的環(huán)境中生存。)”可知，此處指出沒(méi)有多少生物活下來(lái)，其與but后的句子構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，故此處指出這種被稱作撒哈拉銀蟻這種昆蟲(chóng)卻能夠在惡劣的環(huán)境中生存下來(lái)。故劃線詞與D選項(xiàng)“l(fā)ivessuccessfully(成功地生存)”為同義詞。故選D。207．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“Astheyaccelerate.theirlegmovementsbecomesynchronized(同步的).(當(dāng)它們加速時(shí)。他們的腿部運(yùn)動(dòng)變得同步。)”可知，當(dāng)他們加速時(shí)，他們的腿部運(yùn)動(dòng)變得同步。故選C。208．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“theCaliforniacoastalmiteandtheAustraliantigerbeetle,bothofwhichalsothriveatlife-threateningtemperatures.Seemsthattobeattheheat,itpaystobefleet.(加利福尼亞海岸螨和澳大利亞虎甲蟲(chóng)在極度炎熱的溫度下都能生存繁衍。似乎要抵御酷熱，速度是最佳選擇。)”可知，通過(guò)列舉加利福尼亞海岸螨和澳大利亞虎甲蟲(chóng)在極度炎熱的溫度下都能生存繁衍是因?yàn)樗鼈兊乃俣群芸欤释ㄟ^(guò)這兩個(gè)例子是為了說(shuō)明，在極端條件下保持速度是很重要的。故選A。209．主旨大意題。通讀全文這篇文章介紹了撒哈拉銀蟻這種昆蟲(chóng)能夠在極端環(huán)境下生存并且以驚人的速度奔跑。研究人員使用高速攝像機(jī)記錄了銀蟻奔跑時(shí)的畫(huà)面，發(fā)現(xiàn)它們的腿部動(dòng)作非常協(xié)調(diào)，并且能夠一次將六只腳都離開(kāi)沙地。這種銀蟻的奔跑速度是已知螞蟻中最快的，比其他親屬種類的螞蟻速度更快。此外，文章還提到了列舉加利福尼亞海岸螨和澳大利亞虎甲蟲(chóng)這兩種昆蟲(chóng)也能在高溫環(huán)境下生存并且速度更快。對(duì)于這些生命體來(lái)說(shuō)，快速移動(dòng)似乎是在抵抗高溫的一種策略。C選項(xiàng)“FleetAntBeatsSaharanHeat(速度奔跑的螞蟻對(duì)抗撒哈拉沙漠的高溫)”概括文章的主要內(nèi)容，符合標(biāo)題。故選C。210．D211．A212．C213．B【來(lái)源】湖南省臨湘市第二中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期第一次質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了基因編輯創(chuàng)造了一代音樂(lè)作物，科學(xué)家懷疑一些植物可能會(huì)傾聽(tīng)。210．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Thoseresponsesarealsooftenaformofcommunication,namelyafurtherreleaseofchemicalsthatrecruitpredatorsandparasites(捕食者和寄生蟲(chóng))ofsaidherbivores.(這些反應(yīng)通常也是一種交流形式，即進(jìn)一步釋放化學(xué)物質(zhì)，招募食草動(dòng)物的捕食者和寄生蟲(chóng))”可知，植物通過(guò)進(jìn)一步釋放化學(xué)物質(zhì)進(jìn)行交流。由此可知，植物是通過(guò)釋放化學(xué)物質(zhì)傳遞信息的。故選D項(xiàng)。211．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Thoseresponsesarealsooftenaformofcommunication,namelyafurtherreleaseofchemicalsthatrecruitpredatorsandparasites(捕食者和寄生蟲(chóng))ofsaidherbivores.Thesethensolvetheirsummoners’(召喚者)problemsbyhavinglunch.(這些反應(yīng)通常也是一種交流形式，即進(jìn)一步釋放化學(xué)物質(zhì)，招募食草動(dòng)物的捕食者和寄生蟲(chóng)。然后它們通過(guò)吃午飯來(lái)解決召喚師的問(wèn)題)”可知，植物通過(guò)釋放化學(xué)物質(zhì)招募食草動(dòng)物的捕食者和寄生蟲(chóng)，然后通過(guò)吃午飯解決召喚者的問(wèn)題。由此可知，化學(xué)物質(zhì)的釋放也有助于保護(hù)植物本身。故選A項(xiàng)。212．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Noneofthisisnews,however,toPaoloFril,CEOandchiefscientistoftheGeneDuplicationCorporation(GeneDupe),abiotechnologyfirminSanMelito,California.Observingthatgardenersandgreenhouseowners,fromBritain’snewking,CharlesIII,downwards,oftentalktotheirplants,andsometimesevenplaythemmusic,heandhisteamhavebeeninvestigatingplants’aural(聽(tīng)覺(jué))andoralactivitiesforseveralyears,andarenowadjustingthemusingcrispr-Cas9gene-editingtechnology.(然而，對(duì)于加州圣梅利托的生物技術(shù)公司基因復(fù)制公司(GeneDupe)的首席執(zhí)行官兼首席科學(xué)家保羅·弗里爾來(lái)說(shuō)，這一切都不是新聞。他觀察到，從英國(guó)新國(guó)王查理三世起，園丁和溫室主人經(jīng)常與他們的植物交談，有時(shí)甚至為它們播放音樂(lè)。他和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)多年來(lái)一直在研究植物的聽(tīng)覺(jué)和口頭活動(dòng)，現(xiàn)在正在使用crispr-Cas9基因編輯技術(shù)對(duì)它們進(jìn)行調(diào)整)”可推知，植物能感知聲音對(duì)DrFril來(lái)說(shuō)并不是什么新鮮事。故選C項(xiàng)。213．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)尾段中的“TheplanistocreatearangeofproductswhichDrFrilhopeswillpleasehisfirm’sshareholders—whichheneedstodoafteranawkwardrun-inthecompanyhadafewyearsagowithsomeanimal-rightsactivistsoveritspreviousproduct,Print-a-pet.(他的計(jì)劃是創(chuàng)造一系列產(chǎn)品，希望能取悅公司的股東。幾年前，公司因之前的產(chǎn)品“打印寵物”與一些動(dòng)物權(quán)利活動(dòng)家發(fā)生了尷尬的沖突，之后他需要這樣做)”可知，弗里爾博士決定做這項(xiàng)研究是為了取悅公司的股東。故選B項(xiàng)。214．C215．C216．A【來(lái)源】湖南省臨湘市第二中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期第一次質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了《讀者文摘》與RestLessEvents合作，推出的在線講座、虛擬旅游和健身課程等。214．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章WhatisRestLessEvents?部分“Itaimstobringlike-mindedpeopletogetherthroughsharedinterestsandexperiences,withanemphasisongeneralwell-being.(它旨在通過(guò)共同的興趣和經(jīng)歷，將志同道合的人聚集在一起，并強(qiáng)調(diào)普遍的幸福。)”可知，RestLessEvents的目的在于將有共同興趣愛(ài)好的人聚在一起，故選C。215．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“JoinRestLessEventstodayandyougettoenjoya3monthFREEpremiumaccess!(立即加入RestLessEve