中考語(yǔ)文復(fù)習(xí)：中考題型一　完形填空

eq\o(\s\up7(),\s\do5(中考題型一完形填空))完形填空是一種高難度的障礙性閱讀理解，是貴陽(yáng)中考必考題型之一，主要考查學(xué)生的閱讀能力、語(yǔ)法知識(shí)、邏輯推理以及分析歸納等綜合能力。2021年貴陽(yáng)新中考完形填空共兩節(jié)，16小題，每小題1分，總分為16分。在保持2篇閱讀量不變的基礎(chǔ)上，題型調(diào)整如下：第一節(jié)閱讀下面一篇短文，從短文前的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有一個(gè)為多余選項(xiàng)。(6題，6分)第二節(jié)閱讀下面一篇短文，從每題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。(10題，10分)兩個(gè)語(yǔ)篇所選材料情景真實(shí)，內(nèi)容完整，長(zhǎng)短合適。所選材料內(nèi)容貼近學(xué)生生活實(shí)際，容易引起學(xué)生的共鳴，其處理方式又給學(xué)生很好的示范和啟示，具有極強(qiáng)的教育意義。文章主旨明確、脈絡(luò)清晰、語(yǔ)境充分，有充分的信息供學(xué)生推測(cè)答案。文章考點(diǎn)涉及面廣，考查內(nèi)容豐富全面，設(shè)空均勻，降低了學(xué)生理解語(yǔ)篇及做題的難度，體現(xiàn)了試題的科學(xué)性，較好地考查了考生對(duì)篇章結(jié)構(gòu)的分析能力、文章主題的理解能力、邏輯推理能力和運(yùn)用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~語(yǔ)重建文意的能力。第一節(jié)選詞填空(七選六)2021中考來(lái)源文體話題知識(shí)點(diǎn)命題角度31－36八上U6SectionB說(shuō)明文決定是什么名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞、代詞、介詞、連詞詞義辨析，語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，邏輯推理2021年貴陽(yáng)中考完形填空第一節(jié)為中考新題型，屬選詞填空型(7選6)。語(yǔ)篇素材通常來(lái)源于人教教材，進(jìn)行節(jié)選或改編?？记槿缦拢?．文章長(zhǎng)度在200詞左右，教材同等難易度，無(wú)超綱詞匯，以說(shuō)明文和記敘文為主；2．在考點(diǎn)即七個(gè)選項(xiàng)的設(shè)置上主要針對(duì)動(dòng)詞、名詞、形容詞、副詞等實(shí)詞；3．選項(xiàng)填入空白處不涉及變形，難度不大。第二節(jié)常規(guī)完形(三選一)命題2021年2020年2019年2018年2017年第二節(jié)A篇B篇A篇B篇A篇B篇A篇B篇文體記敘文記敘文記敘文說(shuō)明文記敘文說(shuō)明文記敘文記敘文記敘文話題人物故事人物故事人物故事家庭關(guān)系人物故事電影文化經(jīng)歷感悟經(jīng)歷感悟人物故事概要經(jīng)歷失敗，重拾信心求學(xué)經(jīng)歷生活感悟親子關(guān)系勵(lì)志生活卡通米奇學(xué)校教育讀書愛好志愿活動(dòng)2021年貴陽(yáng)中考完形填空第二節(jié)為常規(guī)性完形填空(3選1，共10題)。與往年相比，題量增加，但難度并無(wú)變化。綜合分析近五年貴陽(yáng)中考，可知該題型有如下特點(diǎn)：1．語(yǔ)篇以記敘文為主、說(shuō)明文為輔，話題廣泛且貼近生活，考生易于理解；2．語(yǔ)篇長(zhǎng)短適中、考點(diǎn)分布均勻、考查難度中等；3．考點(diǎn)以詞義辨析為主，側(cè)重名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞和副詞等實(shí)詞，兼顧代詞、介詞、連詞等虛詞。eq\x(命題原則)eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(\x(選材原則)?（1）選材注重原汁原味，體現(xiàn)新課標(biāo)“關(guān)注學(xué)生情感，提高人文素質(zhì)”的理念。,（2）體裁以記敘文和夾敘夾議文為主。,\x(考查原則)?（1）注重在語(yǔ)境中綜合考查考生對(duì)詞義的理解、搭配與辨析。,（2）考查考生結(jié)合語(yǔ)境進(jìn)行分析、判斷的能力。,\x(設(shè)題原則)?\x(\a\al(（1）設(shè)空以實(shí)詞為主，虛詞為輔。,（2）主要考查動(dòng)詞、名詞、形容詞和副詞。))))eq\x(命題角度)eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(\x(語(yǔ)境推斷)?\x(利用正向推斷法、逆向推斷法合理推斷空格處未知信息。),\x(生活常識(shí))?\x(利用特設(shè)語(yǔ)境考查考生對(duì)生活常識(shí)的應(yīng)用和判斷能力。),\x(語(yǔ)法知識(shí))?\x(利用語(yǔ)法知識(shí)考查考生對(duì)詞性變化、時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)等的應(yīng)用能力。),\x(邏輯推理)?\x(利用因果關(guān)系、對(duì)比關(guān)系、并列關(guān)系、轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系等推斷正確答案。),\x(詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn))?利用同義、反義等已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)的詞匯考查考生在具體語(yǔ)境中對(duì)詞匯的應(yīng)用。,\x(固定搭配)?\x(\a\al(利用固定短語(yǔ)、固定句式等考查考生的語(yǔ)言基礎(chǔ)能力。),)))完形填空主要檢測(cè)學(xué)生對(duì)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)的掌握和運(yùn)用、對(duì)整個(gè)文章邏輯聯(lián)系的理解、在情景中辨析詞義的能力以及詞組短語(yǔ)搭配的使用能力。做完形填空時(shí)，要注意以下的答題步驟。1．瀏覽全文，把握大意。這是做完形填空的第一步，以快速閱讀的方式瀏覽全文，了解文章大意，抓住主題和關(guān)鍵詞，要重點(diǎn)了解文中所敘述的人物、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、事件，即who，when，where，what。首句很重要，可以透過(guò)首句的“窗口”看篇章的整個(gè)“世界”。瀏覽全文能獲得更多的上下文提供的信息，并根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)在邏輯意義、貫穿文章始終的主線以及全文的走向，把握文脈。2．注意上下句的連貫，句子銜接。這是從句子結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)考慮，我們要注意句子和句子或段落和段落之間的關(guān)系。例如：兩個(gè)句子之間，要根據(jù)上下文的語(yǔ)境來(lái)判斷二者是并列關(guān)系或從屬關(guān)系，或具體是哪一種從屬關(guān)系。明白了這些，就能更快地理解文章的主旨，也能從細(xì)節(jié)中更有把握地推斷出一些有用的信息。3．先易后難，以易解難。完形填空的各題之間有較大的差別，但它們并不是按照從簡(jiǎn)到難的順序設(shè)計(jì)的。因此遇到個(gè)別難確定的選項(xiàng)時(shí)，可暫時(shí)跳過(guò)該題，待完成其他相對(duì)容易的選項(xiàng)后，再?gòu)拇蟛糠忠呀?jīng)完成的整篇的角度來(lái)考慮，配合排除法，“難題”就能不攻自破了。4．反復(fù)核對(duì)全文，彌補(bǔ)疏漏，調(diào)整答案。填完所有的空格以后，把所有的答案放回短文的空格處從頭至尾讀一遍，以確保上下文的順暢合理。在此，特別針對(duì)中考題的詞性部分重點(diǎn)攻略：1．名詞：名詞復(fù)現(xiàn)＋具體解釋遇到考查名詞時(shí)，考生需聯(lián)系上下文，在文中找出與選項(xiàng)一樣或一類的名詞，即通過(guò)名詞復(fù)現(xiàn)來(lái)確定答案；或聯(lián)系上下文，在文中找到該名詞的具體解釋，以確定正確答案。2．動(dòng)詞：動(dòng)詞搭配＋先后順序考生要聯(lián)系上下文，選出與本句的主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)搭配最恰當(dāng)?shù)膭?dòng)詞。在有多個(gè)動(dòng)詞的情況下，考生要根據(jù)動(dòng)作的先后邏輯順序，選出最恰當(dāng)?shù)膭?dòng)詞。3．形容詞、副詞：情感態(tài)度＋正負(fù)一致形容詞、副詞的情感色彩分為積極態(tài)度(正)和消極態(tài)度(負(fù))兩種。它們體現(xiàn)了考生對(duì)整篇文章的情感把控?？忌梢愿鶕?jù)整篇文章及上下文的情感色彩判斷本題的情感色彩，從而選出答案。4．連詞：四大邏輯＋連貫通順?biāo)拇筮壿嫹謩e為：并列關(guān)系、遞進(jìn)關(guān)系、轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系、因果關(guān)系?？忌枰?lián)系上下文，選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞使文章連貫通順。5．代詞：前后一致必須根據(jù)前后所指代的人稱、單復(fù)數(shù)和性別等來(lái)確定。6．賓語(yǔ)從句連接詞：成分分析＋前后聯(lián)系近年來(lái)對(duì)賓語(yǔ)從句的連接詞考查較多，考生需要聯(lián)系上下文，通?？梢愿鶕?jù)后句內(nèi)容判斷出所缺的連接詞。高分技巧口訣研究首尾——找主題，上下聯(lián)系——尋信息。左顧右盼——找搭配，思前想后——覓邏輯。語(yǔ)境分析——辨詞義，集中精力——破難題。

(2021·貴陽(yáng))第一節(jié)選詞填空七選六A.startB．differentC．plansD．watchE．a(chǎn)ndF．forG．yourselfDoyouknowwhataresolutionis？It'sakindofpromise.Mostofthetime，wemakepromisestootherpeople.However，promisesyoumaketoyourselfareresolutions,__1__themostcommonkindisNewYear'sresolutions.Weoftenmakeresolutionsatthebeginningoftheyear.Weexpecttoseefurtherimprovementoverthecomingyear.Somepeoplewritedowntheirresolutionsand__2__forthecomingyear.Thishelpsthemtoremembertheirresolutions.Otherstelltheirfamilyandfriendsabouttheirwishesandplans.Thereare__3__kindsofresolutions.Someareaboutphysicalhealth.Forexample，somepeoplepromisethemselvestheyaregoingto__4__anexerciseprogramoreatlessfastfood.Manyresolutionshavetodowithself-improvement.Theseareaboutmaking__5__abetterperson.Somepeoplemightsaytheyaregoingtotakeupahobbylikepaintingortakingphotos，orlearntoplaytheguitar.Someresolutionshavetodowithbetterplanning，likemakingaweeklyplan__6__schoolwork.Forexample，astudentmayhavetofindmoretimetostudy.【主旨大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了人們制訂計(jì)劃(決心)，并付諸實(shí)施的相關(guān)事宜?！敬鸢妇觥?．E句意：然而對(duì)自己許下的承諾就是計(jì)劃，最常見的一種就是新年計(jì)劃。連接兩個(gè)句子，需用連詞。and連詞，意為“和；且；就”，連接兩個(gè)并列分句。故答案為E。2．C句意：一些人寫下他們來(lái)年的決心和計(jì)劃。and連接兩個(gè)并列部分，所以空白處的單詞應(yīng)和resolutions是同類，為名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。plans名詞，意為“計(jì)劃”；watch名詞，意為“手表”。故答案為C。3．B句意：有不同種類的計(jì)劃。該句為therebe句型，kinds為名詞，其前應(yīng)用形容詞來(lái)修飾。different形容詞，意為“不同的”。故答案為B。4．A句意：例如，有些人對(duì)自己承諾他們將開始一個(gè)鍛煉項(xiàng)目或少吃快餐。begoingto后應(yīng)接動(dòng)詞原形。start動(dòng)詞，意為“開始”；watch動(dòng)詞，意為“觀看”。故答案為A。5．G句意：這些都與自我完善相關(guān)(讓自己成為一個(gè)更優(yōu)秀的人)。此處應(yīng)填與“person”相關(guān)的名詞或代詞作make的賓語(yǔ)。yourself反身代詞，意為“你自己”。故答案為G。6．F句意：有些決心與更妥善的計(jì)劃相關(guān)，像是為學(xué)業(yè)制定一個(gè)周計(jì)劃。for介詞，意為“為……”，與schoolwork構(gòu)成介賓短語(yǔ)。故答案為F。第二節(jié)常規(guī)完形三選一Itisnotalwayseasytodiscoveryourself.Fromayoungage，IhadastrongsenseofwhoIwouldbecome—butan__1__changedeverything.Tome，skatingwasmoreimportantthananythingelseintheworld.Nothingelsefilledmyheartwithsomuch__2__．Ispenttwenty-fourhoursaweekdevelopingmyskills.Ihadno__3__lifeorinterestsotherthanskating.ButIwasrewardedwithfirstplacemedalsinnearlyeverycompetition.__4__，duringonecompetition，Ifellandwasbadlyinjured.ThedoctortoldmethatIcouldn'tskateanymore.Thepaininmybackwashardtobearandevenbasicdailytasksbecame__5__．Mypassion(激情)hadbeentakenaway.Ilost__6__andhadnoideawhatIwouldbecome.Aftereightmonthsofsuffering，somethinghadtochange.Insteadofsittingaroundand__7__mydays，Ibegantoworkwithlocalcommunityserviceprojects.Byvolunteeringasaswimmingteacherandsummerreadingassistantforkids，I__8__anideaofwhoIwantedtobecome.Afterafewmonths，Ifoundanewinterest.Littlebylittle，Isteppedoutoftheshadowandrebuiltmy__9__．Sometimes，challengesinlifewillgetinourway.Wecan__10__tostaybehindortrytogetpastthesechallenges.Myaccidentwasachallengethatfailedtostopmefromreachingsuccess.Today，I'maveryconfidentandoptimisticperson.()1.A.examB．illnessC．a(chǎn)ccident()2.A.joyB．prideC．experience()3.A.simpleB．socialC．comfortable()4.A.UnluckilyB．FinallyC．Recently()5.A.strangeB．relaxingC．difficult()6.A.powerB．heartC．chance()7.A.wastingB．valuingC．enjoying()8.A.gotB．knewC．heard()9.A.lifeB．courageC．confidence()10.A.learnB．refuseC．choose【主旨大意】本文主要介紹了作者滑冰時(shí)受傷而導(dǎo)致失去信心，但是在作者當(dāng)志愿者做游泳老師和閱讀助教時(shí)重獲信心?！敬鸢妇觥?．C考查名詞A．exam考試；B.illness疾??；C.accident事故。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，作者在一次比賽中嚴(yán)重受傷，因此選accident符合題意。故選C。2．A考查名詞A．joy歡樂；B.pride自豪；C.experience經(jīng)歷。根據(jù)“Ispenttwenty-fourhoursaweekdeveloping...”可知，滑冰給作者帶來(lái)很多歡樂。故選A。3．B考查形容詞A．simple簡(jiǎn)單的；B.social社交的；C.comfortable舒適的。根據(jù)“l(fā)ifeorinterestsotherthanskating.”可知，除了滑冰，作者沒有社交生活或者愛好。故選B。4．A考查副詞A．Unluckily不幸地；B.Finally最終；C.Recently最近。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，作者在比賽中嚴(yán)重受傷，這很不幸。故選A。5．C考查形容詞A．strange奇怪的；B.relaxing放松的；C.difficult困難的。根據(jù)“Thepaininmybackwashardtobear...”可知，甚至基本的日常事務(wù)都變得困難。故選C。6．B考查名詞A．power力量；B.heart心臟；C.chance機(jī)會(huì)。根據(jù)句意可知，作者失去了信心，loseheart為固定搭配，意為“灰心”。故選B。7．A考查動(dòng)詞A．wasting浪費(fèi)；B.valuing珍惜；C.enjoying享受。根據(jù)“Ibegantoworkwithlocalcommunityserviceprojects.”可知，作者不再浪費(fèi)時(shí)間，而是參與當(dāng)?shù)氐纳鐓^(qū)服務(wù)項(xiàng)目。故選A。8．A考查動(dòng)詞A．got得到；B.knew知道；C.heard聽到。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，通過(guò)做助教以后，作者對(duì)于想成為什么樣的人有了自己的主意，got符合題意。故選A。9．C考查名詞A．life生活；B.courage勇氣；C.confidence信心。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，作者漸漸地走出了(生活中的)陰影，并且重新建立信心，因此confidence符合題意。故選C。10．C考查動(dòng)詞A．learn學(xué)習(xí)；B.refuse拒絕；C.choose選擇。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，生活中的挑戰(zhàn)會(huì)阻礙我們，我們可以選擇留在后面或者試圖克服這些挑戰(zhàn)，因此choose符合題意。故選C。

第一節(jié)閱讀下面一篇短文，從短文前的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有一個(gè)為多余選項(xiàng)。A(八上U2SectionB改編)A.popularB．twentyC．resultsD．leastE．spendF．healthyG．a(chǎn)boutLastmonthweaskedourstudentsabouttheirfreetimeactivities.Ourquestionswereaboutexercise,useoftheInternetandwatchingTV.Herearethe1.__C__．Wefoundthatonlyfifteenpercentofourstudentsexerciseeveryday.Forty-fivepercentexercisefourtosixtimesaweek.Twentypercentexerciseonlyonetothreetimesaweek.And2.__B__percentdonotexerciseatall!Weallknowthatmanystudentsoftengoonline,butweweresurprisedthatninetypercentofthemusetheInterneteveryday.Theothertenpercentuseitat3.__D__threeorfourtimesaweek.Moststudentsuseitforfunandnotforhomework.Theanswerstoourquestions4.__G__watchingtelevisionwerealsointeresting.OnlytwopercentofthestudentswatchTVonetothreetimesaweek.ThirteenpercentwatchTVfourtosixtimesaweek.Andeighty-fivepercentwatchTVeveryday!Althoughmanystudentsliketowatchsports,gameshowsarethemost5.__A__．ItisgoodtorelaxbyusingtheInternetorwatchinggameshows,butwethinkthebestwaytorelaxisthroughexercise.Itishealthyforthemindandthebody.Exercisesuchasplayingsportsisfun,andyoucan6.__E__timewithyourfriendsandfamilyasyouplaytogether.Andremember,“Oldhabitsdiehard.”Sostartexercisingbeforeit'stoolate!B(八上U10SectionB改編)A.unlessB．nothingC．shareD．gladE．forF．halfG．commonStudentsthesedaysoftenhavealotofworries.Sometimestheyhaveproblemswiththeirschoolwork,andsometimeswiththeirfriends.Somepeoplethinktheworstthingistodo1.__B__.LauraMills,ateenagerfromLondon,agrees.“Problemsandworriesarenormalinlife，”saysLaura.“ButIthinktalkingtosomeonehelpsalot.We'llcertainlyfeelworse2.__A__wetalktosomeone.”Lauraoncelostherpurse,andworried3.__E__days.Shewasafraidtotellherparentsaboutit.Butintheend,shetalkedtoherparentsandtheywerereallyunderstanding.“Iwillalwaysrememberto4.__C__myproblemsinthefuture！”Laurasays.RobertHuntadvisesstudentsabout5.__G__problems.Hethinksthatyoucanfirstfindsomeonetotalkto.Thispersondoesn'tneedtobeanexpertlikehimself.Studentsoftenforgetthattheirparentshavemoreexperiencethanthem,andarealwaystheretohelpthem.InEnglish,wesaythatsharingaproblemislikecuttingitin6.__F__.Soyou'rehalfwaytosolvingaproblemifyoutalktosomeoneaboutit!C(八下U6SectionA改編)A.outB．becauseC．stickD．untilE．keepsF．traditionalG．calledInNovember1979,pupilsinEnglandwereabletowatchanewTVprogram1.__G__Monkey.Mostofthemwerehearingthisstoryforthefirsttime.However,thisstoryisnotnewtoChinesechildren.TheMonkeyKingorSunWukongisthemaincharacterinthe2.__F__ChinesebookJourneytotheWest.TheMonkeyKingisnotjustanynormalmonkey.Infact,hesometimesdoesnotevenlooklikeamonkey!Thisis3.__B__hecanmake72changestohisshapeandsize，turninghimselfintodifferentanimalsandobjects.Butunlesshecanhidehistail,hecannotturnhimselfintoaman.Tofightbadpeople,theMonkeyKingusesamagic4.__C__.Sometimeshecanmakethesticksosmallthathecankeepitinhisear.Atothertimes,heisabletomakeitbigandlong.TheMonkeyKinghasexcitedthechildrenofChinaformanyyears.AndassoonastheTVprogramcame5.__A__morethan30yearsago,WesternchildrenbecameinterestedinreadingthisstorybecausethecleverMonkeyKing6.__E__fightingtohelptheweakandnevergivesup.D(八下U9SectionA改編)A.improveB．drinkC．computersD．howE．betterF．inG．myKen:ThemostinterestingmuseumI'veeverbeentoistheAmericanComputerMuseum.Theyhaveinformationaboutdifferent1.__C__andwhoinventedthem.Theoldcomputersweremuchbigger.It'sunbelievablethattechnologyhasprogressed2.__F__sucharapidway!I'vealsolearnedthattherewasaspecialcomputer.Itcouldplaychesseven3.__E__thanhumans.Iwonderhowmuchmorecomputerswillbeabletodointhefuture.Amy:I'verecentlybeentoaveryunusualmuseuminIndia,theInternationalMuseumofToilets.Ijustcouldn'tbelieve4.__G__eyeswhenIsawsomanydifferentkindsoftoiletsthere.Themuseumteachespeopleaboutthehistoryanddevelopmentoftoilets.Italsoencouragesgovernmentsandsocialgroupstothinkaboutwaysto5.__A__toiletsinthefuture.Linlin:LastyearIwenttotheHangzhouNationalTeaMuseum.It'sarelaxingandpeacefulplacenearalake.Theteaartperformancesshow6.__D__tomakeaperfectcupofteawithbeautifulteasets.Watchingtheteapreparationisjustasenjoyableasdrinkingtheteaitself.I'vefinallyrealizedwhymygrandpalovesdrinkingteaandcollectingteasets.E(九年級(jí)U2SectionA改編)A.quicklyB．medicineC．thatD．refusedE．inF．suddenG．touchingChinesepeoplehavebeencelebratingtheMid-AutumnFestivalandenjoyingmooncakesforcenturies.Mooncakesare1.__E__theshapeofafullmoonontheMid-Autumnnight.Theycarrypeople'swishestothefamiliestheyloveandmiss.Therearemanytraditionalfolkstoriesaboutthisfestival.However,mostpeoplethinkthatthestoryofChang'eisthemost2.__G__.Chang'ewasHouYi'sbeautifulwife.AfterHouYishotdowntheninesuns,agoddessgavehimmagic3.__B__tothankhim.Whoevertookthiscouldliveforever,andHouYiplannedtotakeitwithChang'e.However,abadman,PangMeng,triedtostealthemedicinewhenHouYiwasnotathome.Chang'e4.__D__togiveittohimandtookitall.Shebecameverylightandflewuptothemoon.HouYiwassosad5.__C__hecalledouthernametothemooneverynight.Onenight,hefoundthatthemoonwassobrightandroundthathecouldseehiswifethere.He6.__A__laidoutherfavoritefruitsanddessertsinthegarden.HowhewishedthatChang'ecouldcomeback.Afterthis,peoplestartedthetraditionofadmiringthemoonandsharingmooncakeswiththeirfamilies.F(九年級(jí)U13SectionB改編)A.herselfB．businessC．produceD．creativeE．downF．likeG．whoDoyouoftenthrowawaythingsyoudon'tneedanymore?Haveyoueverthoughtabouthowthesethingscanactuallybeputtogooduse?Nothingisawasteifyouhavea1.__D__mind.YouhaveprobablyneverheardofAmyHayes，butsheisamostunusualwoman.ShelivesinahouseintheUKthatshebuilt2.__A__outofrubbish.Thewindowsanddoorscomefromoldbuildingsaroundhertownthatwerepulleddown.Thetopofthehouseisanoldboatturnedupside3.__E__.Andthegateinfrontofherhouseismadeofrocksandoldglassbottles.Amyisn'ttheonlyone4.__G__isgoodatrecycling.JessicaWongfromHongKongusesoldclothesthatpeopledon'twearanymoretomakebags.Shehasbeendoingthisforafewyearsnow.WangTaosetupasmall5.__B__inShanghaifouryearsago.Heisfamousforusingironandothermaterialsfromoldcarstomakebeautifulartpieces.Somearelargepiecesthatlook6.__F__animalsorhumans,andsomearesmallerpiecesyoucanputathome.Themorepopularworkscanevenbeseeninartshopsaroundthecity.第二節(jié)閱讀下面一篇短文，從每題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。A(2021·朝陽(yáng)改編)Onthefirstdayofschool，Socrates(蘇格拉底)toldhisstudents，“Today，we'llonlylearnonething.Thatistoswing(甩動(dòng))your__1__forwardandbackward.”Heshowedthemand__2__aresultallthestudentslaughed.“Sir，isitalsolearned？”oneofthestudentslaughed.“Ofcourse！Youthinkthisisasimplething，butit__3__easyinfact.”Socratesreplied__4__．Hearingthis，thestudentslaughedevenharder.Withoutbeingalittleangry，Socratessaid,“InthisclassI'llteachyouhowtolearnthisactionwell.Afterthat，starttoday,__5__youwilldoit100timesaday.”Atfirst，thestudentsallswungtheirarmsandsaidto__6__,“Howeasyandfunnyitis！”Tendayslater，Socratesasked,“Whostillstickstoswinginghisarm？”About80%ofthestudents__7__theirhands.Twentydayslater，Socratesasked,“Whostillkeepsonswinginghisarm？”About50%ofthemputuptheirhandswhiletheotherstudents__8__silent.Threemonthslater，Socratesaskedagain.Thistime,__9__raisedhishandexceptonestudent.HewasPlato(柏拉圖).Perseverance(堅(jiān)持不懈)isthesimplestyetmostdifficultthingintheworld，becauseeveryonecandoit，butnoteveryonewilldo.Platowasvery__10__justbecauseofhisperseverance.Onlytheonewhocanholdonasimplethingmaymakeit.(A)1.A.armB．handC．head(C)2.A.forB．inC．a(chǎn)s(C)3.A.won'tB．doesn'tC．isn't(A)4.A.seriouslyB．a(chǎn)ngrilyC．happily(B)5.A.butB．a(chǎn)ndC．or(B)6.A.ourselvesB．themselvesC．yourselves(B)7.A.raisesB．raisedC．a(chǎn)reraising(A)8.A.keptB．soundedC．began(C)9.A.everybodyB．somebodyC．nobody(C)10.A.luckyB．friendlyC．successfulB(2021·天津改編)Thinkofallthewaysthatyouuseyourarmsandhands.Youuse__1__toopendoors，carryboxes，climbtreesandridebikes.JessicaCoxwasborn__2__arms.Butshedidn'tletthat__3__herfromdoingthings.She__4__tofeedherself，paintandplaythepianobyusingherfeet.Whenshewasat__5__，Jessicawatchedtheotherstudentsontheplayground.Shedidnothavehandstocatchballswith,__6__shedidnothavearmstoclimbwith.Jessicaimaginedherselfasagirlofunusually(不尋常地)greatability.Shewould__7__overtheplaygroundandtakeherfriendsintothesky.Manyyearslater，whenJessica__8__，shedidfly.Shelearnttoflyaplane！Itwas__9__work，butJessicawaspatient，confidentandbrave.Shecontrolledtheplanewithherfeet.Shemadeher__10__cometrue.(B)1.A.thatB．themC．her(A)2.A.withoutB．a(chǎn)longC．including(B)3.A.divideB．stopC．a(chǎn)dd(C)4.A.paidB．refusedC．learnt(A)5.A.schoolB．bedC．hospital(C)6.A.soB．butC．a(chǎn)nd(A)7.A.flyB．knockC．fall(B)8.A.setupB．grewupC．gaveup(A)9.A.hardB．lazyC．small(C)10.A.markB．a(chǎn)dviceC．dreamC(2021·瀘州改編)Allthetime，littleDickwashappy.Heusedtogoaboutsinginganddancingthewholedaylong.__1__couldmakehimsad.Oneday，Dickwantedtotravelinthe__2__．Sohesetoutwithexcitement，singingtillhemadetheforestfullofsongs.Hewasabouttodrinknearariverinthewoods__3__hewascaught.Hefoundhimselfinthehandsofatallgiant(龐然大物)，ahundredtimesas__4__ashimself！Thegiantlookedathimandthenputhimintoalargebag，andcarriedhimoff.PoorDicktriedtogetoutofthebag,__5__thegiantonlylaughed.Atlastthegiantcametohishouse—adarkplace.Whenhegotin,__6__shutthedoor，andtookDickintoaprison.Theprisonwasdark,__7__bars(欄桿)allroundit.Theonlyfoodwasbreadandwater.ThepoorDickthoughtofhisfreelife—warmhome，closefriends，the__8__，thetreesandtheflowers.Thegiantcameagain，andwantedDicktosingashe__9__do.“Sing，sing！”saidhe.ButDickwastoosadtosing.__10__thegiantgrewangry，andtookDickouttoforcehimtosing.Dickcried，struggled，andthendiedinthegiant'shand!Thisisatruestory.PoorDickwasalittlebird，andthegiantwasacruelboy.(C)1.A.AnythingB．SomethingC．Nothing(A)2.A.forestB．riverC．hands(B)3.A.sinceB．whenC．until(A)4.A.bigB．thinC．high(A)5.A.butB．soC．or(B)6.A.itB．heC．that(A)7.A.withB．fromC．a(chǎn)t(A)8.A.sunlightB．giantC．darkness(B)9.A.happenedtoB．usedtoC．seemedto(C)10.A.WidelyB．RecentlyC．FinallyD(2021·濰坊)Spacesuitsdon'tjustmakeastronautslookcool.Withoutthese__1__suits，astronautswouldn'tbeabletoleavetheirspaceship.Thatistosay，theywouldn'tbeableto__2__ontheMoonorworkoutsidetheInternationalSpaceStation.Spaceisa__3__placeforhumanbeings.Firstly，thereisnoairtobreathe.Secondly，spacealsohashighlevelsofradiation(輻射)，energythatcanpassthroughourbodiesandmakeus__4__．Thirdly，somepartsofspacearereallycold__5__otherpartsareveryhot.Soastronautscoulddieinjustafewsecondsifthey__6__outsidetheirspaceshipwithouttheirsuits.Withaspacesuit，though，astronautscanmovearoundinspaceforseveralhours.Spacesuitskeepastronauts__7__sealed(密封的)inside.AbackpacksendsO2intoletastronautsbreathenormally.Atthesametime，theCO2__8__astronautsbreatheoutissuckedaway.Thesuitalsoprotectst