初中英語(yǔ)主謂一致考點(diǎn)全面解析

1語(yǔ)法一致語(yǔ)法一致是指主語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)決定謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)?？键c(diǎn)一：一般情況下，主語(yǔ)為單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或代詞、不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或代詞時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式?？键c(diǎn)二：動(dòng)詞不定式或動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式?！究祭溄印?)1.Thetwins______fondofthenewideainthemagazinearticle.A.beB.amC.isD.are()2.Oneofmyfriends______movedtoAmerica.Imisshersomuch.A.hasB.haveC.are()3.Playingcomputergamestoomuch______badforstudents’health.A.amB.isC.are考點(diǎn)三：1.復(fù)合不定代詞anyone,anybody,anything,someone,somebody,something,everyone,everybody,everything,noone,nobody,nothing作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。2.neitherof.../noneof...作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單、復(fù)數(shù)形式均可。3.either指“兩者之中任何一個(gè)”，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。eitherof...作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單、復(fù)數(shù)形式均可。4.each作同位語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式取決于主語(yǔ)的數(shù)；eachof...作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式?？键c(diǎn)四：當(dāng)用both...and...連接并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。當(dāng)and連接的兩個(gè)名詞表示兩個(gè)不同的概念時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；當(dāng)表示同一人、同一物或同一個(gè)概念，或表示不可分的整體時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)形式?？键c(diǎn)五：當(dāng)主語(yǔ)后面跟有with,except,including,alongwith,togetherwith,aswellas,inadditionto等詞語(yǔ)引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式由主語(yǔ)的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式?jīng)Q定?！究祭溄印?)1.Weeach______WeChatnowadays,eventheoldpeople.A.playB.playsC.playing()2.—Whatwouldyoulike,coffeeortea?—Either______OK.Idon’tmind.A.isB.areC.was()3.Mysisterwithmyparents______dumplingswhenIgothomeyesterdayevening.A.aremakingB.ismakingC.wasmakingD.weremaking考點(diǎn)六：一些由兩部分構(gòu)成的表示物體的名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用復(fù)數(shù)形式，如shoes,trousers,jeans,scissors,chopsticks等。但如果這些名詞前有量詞如pair等修飾時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)與量詞保持一致?！究祭溄印?)Thepairoftrousers______me.I’lltakeit.A.fitB.fitsC.willfit考點(diǎn)七：1.“a(large/small)numberof+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞/代詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；“thenumberof+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞/代詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。2.“分?jǐn)?shù)/百分?jǐn)?shù)+of+名詞”和“therest/mostof+名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)由名詞決定?！究祭溄印?)1.Inourcitythere______anumberofcarsandthenumberofthem______growinglargerandlarger.A.are;isB.have;isC.is;are()2.About______oftheland______coveredwithtreesandgrass.A.threefifths;isB.threefifths;areC.threefifth;are()3.Thenumberofthevolunteersinourcity______2,000.Andsixtypercentofthem______teachersandstudents.A.is;isB.is;areC.are;isD.are;are2意義一致意義一致是指謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和主語(yǔ)的一致不是取決于主語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)法形式，而是由其意義所決定?？键c(diǎn)一：當(dāng)數(shù)詞作主語(yǔ)或當(dāng)表示距離、金額、時(shí)間等名詞(短語(yǔ))作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常作為整體看待，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式?！究祭溄印?)1.Fiftyyuan______enough.A.isB.amC.are()2.—Mom,IwatchedTVforonlyfortyminutes.Sometimes______TVisgoodforus.—Fortyminutes______enough.Nowyoumustdoyourhomework.A.watch;isB.watching;wasC.watched;areD.watching;were考點(diǎn)二：有些集體名詞常指復(fù)數(shù)的人或物，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，如police；有些集體名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果作為一個(gè)整體看待，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；如果指集體中的成員，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，如family,class,team,group,crowd等；當(dāng)population意為“人口數(shù)量”時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；意為“全體居民”時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單、復(fù)數(shù)形式均可?！究祭溄印?)1.ThepopulationofChina______over1.3billionandChinahasbiggerpopulationthan______intheworld.A.is;anycountryB.is;anyothercountryC.are;theothercountriesD.are;anyothercountries()2.Look!Thepolice______thefoodontothebankoftheriver.A.amcarryingB.iscarryingC.arecarryingD.arecarried考點(diǎn)三：以-s結(jié)尾的單數(shù)名詞如news,physics,maths,politics等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。【考例鏈接】()—Politics______myfavoritesubject.Whataboutyou?—Physics______.Ithinkit’sveryinteresting.A.is;isB.are;areC.are；is考點(diǎn)四：1.“the+形容詞”表示一類(lèi)人作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。這類(lèi)詞有thebrave,thepoor,therich,theblind,theyoung,theold,thesick,thedead等。2.“the+姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)形式”表示某一家人或夫婦兩人，其作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。【考例鏈接】()1.Theold______ourhelp,soweshouldcareforthem.A.refusesB.refuseC.needsD.need()2.TheGreens______aTVshownow.A.iswatchingB.arewatchingC.watchD.watches考點(diǎn)五：定語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于其先行詞的單復(fù)數(shù)?！究祭溄印?)—Ireallywanttorelaxmyself.CouldweseeCityDangertonight?—Sure!Theactor______aherousedtobeaschoolteacher.Ilikehimverymuch.A.whoplayB.whichplaysC.whoplaysD.thatplay3就近一致就近一致是指謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要與其最近的主語(yǔ)在人稱(chēng)和數(shù)上保持一致?？键c(diǎn)一：以or,notonly...butalso...,either...or...,neither...nor...等連接的名詞(或代詞)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要和離它最近的主語(yǔ)在人稱(chēng)和數(shù)上保持一致?！究祭溄印?)1.Notonlyyoubutalsoeveryonehere______watchingfootballmatches.A.likesB.likeC.islike()2.NeitherLiHuanorI______goodatwriting.A.amB.isC.are()3.—Whatwouldyouliketohaveforsupper?—Eithernoodlesorrice______OK.Idon’tmind.A.areB.wereC.isD.was考點(diǎn)二：在therebe句型中，如