山東省濱州市2022-2023學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期7月期末英語試題

高一英語試題注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上，錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對(duì)話，每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Howdidthewomangettotheairport?A.Bycar.B.Bysubway.C.Bytaxi.2Whatcolorrosesarethecheapest?A.Red.B.Pink.C.Orange.3.Whomightwatchthegamewiththeman?A.Eric.B.Simon.C.Richard.4.Whatwillthewomanprobablydotomorrow?A.Babysitfortheman.B.Cleanherhouse.C.Goonabusinesstrip.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Agraduationceremony.B.Anicecake.C.Abirthdayparty.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每題分，滿分分)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhenwillZoeygobacktoschool?A.NextMonday.B.ThisFriday.C.ThisThursday.7.WhatsubjectdoesMs.Careyteach?A.Geography.B.Chinese.C.History.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Wherearethespeakers?A.InChina.B.IntheUK.C.IntheUS.9.Whichlanguageisthewomanfluentin?A.French.B.Spanish.C.German.10.WhatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodoinBeijing?A.TourthePalaceMuseum.B.VisittheGreatWall.C.TastePekingduck.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whydidthemanehomesolatetoday?A.Heattendedanurgentmeeting.B.Hewasbusyvisitingafactory.C.Hemetsomeimportantclients.12.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthenewneighbors?A.They’refriendly.B.They’reindifferent.C.They’reshy.13.Whatisthemangoingtodofirst?A.Havedinner.B.Washhishands.C.Getchanged.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.Whatdoesthewomaninvitethemantodo?A.Haveameal.B.Goforarun.C.Seeamovie.15.WhendidthewomanmeetMr.Brooke?A.LastFriday.B.LastSaturday.C.LastSunday.16.Whatdoesthemanplantodonext?A.Buytickets.B.Takeawalk.C.Gotoaschool.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatpercentageofthepeoplesurveyedatelightfoodatleastonceaweek?A.60.0%.B.94.9%.C.55.7%.18.WhydoLu’sfriendsofteneatlightmeals?A.Tosavemoney.B.Toloseweight.C.Togetadequatenutrition.19.HowmanyChineseuniversitycanteensmentionedofferlightmeals?A.4.B.5.C.6.20.WheredoesZhangJiework?A.Inaninvestmentpany.B.Inafamousrestaurant.C.Inafoodpany.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題分，滿分分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AArecentsurveysaidanaverageChineseadultreadlessthaneightbooksayear.Someofuswouldfindithardtorememberthelasttimewereadinabookstore.Tokeeptheirappeal,somebookstoresarenowbigger,morebeautifulandgrander.LibrairieAvantGarde,NanjingAsaculturaliconinNanjing,LibrairieAvantGardeisamustseeforbothbookloversandtravelers.Thebookshopwaslistedamongtheworld’smostbeautifulbookshopsbyBBCin2014.The4,000squaremeterstore,foundedin1996,nowsitsinanundergroundparkinglot,housingmorethan300,000books,mainlyphilosophy,literature,historyandart.Eslite,SuzhouTheTaiwanbasedEsliteopeneditsfirstbranchontheChinesemainlandinSuzhou,duetoitspopularityamongbooklovers.Thestorehousesover500,000books,ofwhichonethirdarefromTaiwan.It’salsofamousforvariedcreativeculturalproducts.Wanderinginside,youmaygetlostwhichbooksanddelicatecupstobuy.LiyuanLibrary,BeijingLocatedinmountainsofHuairouonthesuburbsofBeijing,theLiyuanLibraryisafortableplacetoescapefromthecrowdedurbanlifeinBeijing.Ithousesover10,000booksrangingfromworksofliteratureandarttohistoryandphilosophy.Themostoutstandingpartinitsstructureisthatthewallsandroofofthe170squaremeterlibraryarecoveredwith40,000firewoodsticks.FangSuomune,GuangzhouTheFangSuomuneisa2,000squaremeterplaceforreading,relaxingandshoppingindowntownGuangzhou,SouthChina’sGuangdongprovince.Thestorehousesover90,000publicationsfrombothChinaandabroad,coveringmainlydesigning,architecture,literatureandarts.1.Whichbookstorehasthelargestcollectionofbooks?A.Eslite. B.LiyuanLibrary.C.LibrairieAvantGarde. D.FangSuomune.2.WhatisspecialaboutLibrairieAvantGarde?A.Itattractsonlybooklovers. B.Ithasbranchesnationwide.C.Itrosetofameinternationally. D.Itsitsinanopenparkinglot.3.WhatdoLiyuanLibraryandFangSuomunehaveinmon?A.Theybothholdbooksfromabroad. B.Theyarebothsuitableforrelaxation.C.Theyarebothlocatedindowntownareas. D.Theybothhaveuniquestructures.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了國內(nèi)四家規(guī)模宏偉的圖書館?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段LibrairieAvantGarde,Nanjing中“The4,000squaremeterstore,foundedin1996,nowsitsinanundergroundparkinglot,housingmorethan300,000books,mainlyphilosophy,literature,historyandart.(這家書店成立于1996年，占地4000平方米，現(xiàn)在坐落在一個(gè)地下停車場(chǎng)里，藏有30多萬本書，主要是哲學(xué)、文學(xué)、歷史和藝術(shù))”，第三段Eslite,Suzhou中“Thestorehousesover500,000books,ofwhichonethirdarefromTaiwan.(這家書店有50多萬本書，其中三分之一來自臺(tái)灣)”，第四段LiyuanLibrary,Beijing中“Ithousesover10,000booksrangingfromworksofliteratureandarttohistoryandphilosophy.(它收藏了一萬多本書，從文學(xué)、藝術(shù)到歷史和哲學(xué))”以及第五段FangSuomune,Guangzhou中“Thestorehousesover90,000publicationsfrombothChinaandabroad,coveringmainlydesigning,architecture,literatureandarts.(該店收藏了9萬多本國內(nèi)外出版物，主要涵蓋設(shè)計(jì)、建筑、文學(xué)和藝術(shù)等領(lǐng)域)”可知，位于蘇州的Eslite這家書店藏書最多。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段LibrairieAvantGarde,Nanjing中“Thebookshopwaslistedamongtheworld’smostbeautifulbookshopsbyBBCin2014.(2014年，這家書店被BBC評(píng)為世界上最美麗的書店之一)”可知，LibrairieAvantGarde的特別之處在于它在國際上聲名鵲起。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段LiyuanLibrary,Beijing中“LocatedinmountainsofHuairouonthesuburbsofBeijing,theLiyuanLibraryisafortableplacetoescapefromthecrowdedurbanlifeinBeijing.(Liyuan圖書館坐落在北京郊區(qū)懷柔的群山之中，是一個(gè)逃離北京擁擠的城市生活的舒適之地)”以及第五段FangSuomune,Guangzhou中“TheFangSuomuneisa2,000squaremeterplaceforreading,relaxingandshoppingindowntownGuangzhou,SouthChina’sGuangdongprovince.(FangSuo公社位于中國南方廣東省廣州市中心，占地2000平方米，是一個(gè)供閱讀、休閑和購物的地方)”可知，Liyuan圖書館和FangSuo公社的共同之處是，它們都是適合放松的場(chǎng)所。故選B項(xiàng)。BAnYu,ayoungvisuallyimpairedgirlbornafter2000,recentlyperformedheroriginalsong“She”inthemusicpetitionandvarietyshow“YouthπPlan”,whichgreatlyimpressedtheaudience.EvenZhengJun,awellknownrockmusician,praisedherperformance,statingthathehadbeeherfan.AnYudevelopedaseverediseasewhichdamagedhersightwhenshewas4yearsold.At7,shebeganlearningthepianoandfoundamediumforselfexpressionthroughmusic.Bytheageoftenandahalf,shestartedexperimentingwithposition.Attheageof11,sheheldasoloconcertshowinghervocalmusicpieces.Since2014,shehasposedabout120piecesoforiginalmusic.AnYu’sparticipationin“YouthπPlan”markedasignificantstepinherlife.Sheparedittomovingfromalimitedspaceintonatureandintoaworldteamingwithotherformsoflife,describingitasaturningpointinherlife.Sheexpressedherhopethathermusicwouldinspireothersandbringfreshlifeintothecurrentmusicworld.Beyondmusic,AnYuisalsopassionateaboutliteratureandart.Sheenjoyswritingpoetryandcreatingart.Sheisaloveroflanguagesaswell,havinglearnedsevenlanguagesincludingEnglish,French,Japanese,andItalian.Followingherappearanceon“YouthπPlan”,AnYureceivedoverwhelmingsupportandadorationfromtheaudience.Theviewerswerefascinatednotonlybyherinspirationalenergybutalsobytheprofessionalismandoriginalityofhermusic.SomeonlinementsemphasizedthatAnYu’slifeitselfisanupliftingsong,withonenetizenstating,“Shedoesn’tneedtobehealed.Onthecontrary,shehashealedus!”4.WhatcanweknowaboutAnYuaccordingtothefirstparagraph?A.Shewasbornwithpoorsight. B.ShewasafanofZhengJun.C.Sheattendedthevarietyshowforfame. D.Shecreatedthesong“She”byherself.5WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeAnYu?A.Strongwilledandmultitalented. B.Patientanddetermined.C.Warmheartedandperseverant. D.Demandingandambitious.6.Howdid“YouthπPlan”changeAnYu’slife?A.Shecameintoafreshworldofmusic.B.Shemadeabigstepinposingmusic.C.Shewasmoreawareofthepowerofmusic.D.Shebecameinterestedinotherformsofmusic.7.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.AnYu——avisuallyimpairedgirl. B.AnYu——atalentedgirl.C.AnYu’slife——atoughjourney. D.AnYu’slife——aninspiringsong.【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章報(bào)道了視障女孩安嶼在一檔綜藝節(jié)目中演唱自己的原創(chuàng)歌曲而走紅網(wǎng)絡(luò)的經(jīng)歷?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“AnYu,ayoungvisuallyimpairedgirlbornafter2000,recentlyperformedheroriginalsong“She”inthemusicpetitionandvarietyshow“YouthπPlan”,whichgreatlyimpressedtheaudience.(2000年后的視障少女安嶼，最近在音樂比賽和綜藝節(jié)目《青春π計(jì)劃》中表演了自己的原創(chuàng)歌曲《她》，給觀眾留下了深刻的印象。)”可知，安嶼自己創(chuàng)作了《她》這首歌。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“AnYudevelopedaseverediseasewhichdamagedhersightwhenshewas4yearsold.At7,shebeganlearningthepianoandfoundamediumforselfexpressionthroughmusic.(安嶼在4歲的時(shí)候得了一種嚴(yán)重的疾病，損害了她的視力。7歲時(shí)，她開始學(xué)習(xí)鋼琴，并通過音樂找到了自我表達(dá)的媒介。)”和第四段中“Beyondmusic,AnYuisalsopassionateaboutliteratureandart.Sheenjoyswritingpoetryandcreatingart.Sheisaloveroflanguagesaswell,havinglearnedsevenlanguagesincludingEnglish,French,Japanese,andItalian.(除了音樂，安嶼還熱衷于文學(xué)和藝術(shù)。她喜歡寫詩和創(chuàng)作藝術(shù)。她也是一名語言愛好者，學(xué)習(xí)過包括英語、法語、日語和意大利語在內(nèi)的七種語言。)”可知，安嶼意志堅(jiān)強(qiáng)，多才多藝。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“AnYu’sparticipationin“YouthxPlan”markedasignificantstepinherlife.Sheparedittomovingfromalimitedspaceintonatureandintoaworldteamingwithotherformsoflife,describingitasaturningpointinherlife.Sheexpressedherhopethathermusicwouldinspireothersandbringfreshlifeintothecurrentmusicworld.(安嶼參加《青春π計(jì)劃》標(biāo)志著她人生邁出了重要的一步。她把它比作從一個(gè)有限的空間進(jìn)入大自然，進(jìn)入一個(gè)與其他生命形式合作的世界，并將其描述為她生命的轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)。她表示希望自己的音樂能夠激勵(lì)他人，并為當(dāng)前的音樂界帶來新鮮的生命。)”可知，《青春π計(jì)劃》讓安嶼更加意識(shí)到音樂的力量。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段中“SomeonlinementsemphasizedthatAnYu’slifeitselfisanupliftingsong,withonenetizenstating,‘Shedoesn’tneedtobehealed.Onthecontrary,shehashealedus!’(一些網(wǎng)絡(luò)評(píng)論強(qiáng)調(diào)，安嶼的生活本身就是一首令人振奮的歌曲，一位網(wǎng)友說：‘她不需要被治愈。相反，她治好了我們！’)”可知，安嶼的生活像一首鼓舞人心的歌，給人振奮人心的力量。D項(xiàng)“安嶼的生命——一首鼓舞人心的歌”符合主題，故選D項(xiàng)。COnIndonesia’seasternislandofSumba,alackofelectricityonceleftmanymunitiesinthedarkatnight.Butoffgrid(離網(wǎng))solarenergyprogramsarebringingpeopletherelimitedelectricityyearsbeforenormalpowersystemsreachthem.Suchsmallsolarpanels(電池板)meanalottothem.Theycanworklaterintheevenings,helptheirkidswiththeirhomeworkandevenholdmoresocialgatherings.Besides,thereareexpertssayingoffgridsolarprogramscouldbereproducedacrossthenationofthousandsofislandsandthattheenergyisrenewable.However,offgridsolarenergysystemsfaceproblemstoo.Mostvillagersdependondonators,someinternationalorganizations,topaymostofthecostofsolarpanels,so,villagerswithoutoffgridsolarpanelshavetowaituntilthereisenoughmoneyfromthedonators.Andwhensolarsystemsbreak,importedpartsareneeded,whichcanbehardtofindandcostly.Whilethesolarsystemscanpowerlightbulbsandchargecellphones,theydonotprovidethesameamountofpowerasagridandthuscannotoperatedeviceslikeasoundsystemforachurch.Despitethesechallenges,offgridsolarprogramshaveprovensuccessfulinIndonesiaandotherplaces,suchasBangladeshandAfrica,southoftheSaharaDesert.Theseprograms,offeredbypanieslikeSumbaSustainableSolutions,helpprovideelectricityformillions.Thepanyhassentover3,000solarlightsystemsacrosstheisland,reachingmorethan3,000homes.Tocontinuethesuccessfulpletionofoffgridsolarprojects,SumbaSustainableSolutionsisseekingsupportfromIndonesia’sJustEnergyTransitionPartnershipDeal,whichinvolvesloansandothermoneyfromdevelopednationsandinternationalfinancialpanies.ByincreasingsolaruseinIndonesia,morepeoplewillhaveaccesstoelectricityandimprovetheirlivelihoods.8.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thebenefitssuchprogramsoffer.B.Thefuturesolarpanelswillhold.C.ThelivingconditionsofpeopleonSumba.D.Theadvantagesofnormalpowersystems.9.Howmanychallengesarementionedinparagraph2?A.2. B.3. C.4. D.5.10.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsoffgridsolarprogramsinIndonesia?A.Subjective B.Favorable. C.Doubtful. D.Critical.11.WhatcanweinferaboutoffgridsolarprojectsinIndonesia?A.Jointeffortsarebeingmadetopletethem.B.Ithasbetteredpeople’slivesacrossthecountry.C.Thegovernmentoffersfinancialsupportforthem.D.Manypaniesareparticipatingforhugeprofits.【答案】8.A9.B10.B11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了在印尼的離網(wǎng)太陽能項(xiàng)目使更多的人用上電，并改善了他們的生活?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“Butoffgrid(離網(wǎng))solarenergyprogramsarebringingpeopletherelimitedelectricityyearsbeforenormalpowersystemsreachthem.Suchsmallsolarpanels(電池板)meanalottothem.(但是離網(wǎng)太陽能項(xiàng)目給那里的人們帶來了有限的電力，比正常的電力系統(tǒng)要早幾年。如此小的太陽能電池板對(duì)他們來說意義重大。)”可知，本段的主要內(nèi)容是這個(gè)項(xiàng)目帶來的好處。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Mostvillagersdependondonators,someinternationalorganizations,topaymostofthecostofsolarpanels,so,villagerswithoutoffgridsolarpanelshavetowaituntilthereisenoughmoneyfromthedonators.Andwhensolarsystemsbreak,importedpartsareneeded,whichcanbehardtofindandcostly.Whilethesolarsystemscanpowerlightbulbsandchargecellphones,theydonotprovidethesameamountofpowerasagridandthuscannotoperatedeviceslikeasoundsystemforachurch.(大多數(shù)村民依靠捐助者，一些國際組織，來支付太陽能電池板的大部分成本，所以，沒有離網(wǎng)太陽能電池板的村民必須等到捐助者提供足夠的資金。當(dāng)太陽能系統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)故障時(shí)，就需要進(jìn)口部件，而這些部件很難找到，而且價(jià)格昂貴。雖然太陽能系統(tǒng)可以為燈泡供電和為充電，但它們不能提供與電網(wǎng)相同的電量，因此不能為教堂的音響系統(tǒng)等設(shè)備供電。)”可知，本段三句話各提到一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)，所以共3個(gè)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Despitethesechallenges,offgridsolarprogramshaveprovensuccessfulinIndonesiaandotherplaces,suchasBangladeshandAfrica,southoftheSaharaDesert.(盡管存在這些挑戰(zhàn)，離網(wǎng)太陽能項(xiàng)目在印度尼西亞和其他地方，如孟加拉國和非洲，撒哈拉沙漠以南，已被證明是成功的。)”可知，作者對(duì)印尼離網(wǎng)太陽能項(xiàng)目的態(tài)度是贊成的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“ByincreasingsolaruseinIndonesia,morepeoplewillhaveaccesstoelectricityandimprovetheirlivelihoods.(通過增加印尼的太陽能使用，更多的人將用上電，改善他們的生活。)”可知，印尼的離網(wǎng)太陽能項(xiàng)目改善了全國人民的生活。故選B項(xiàng)。DTheGreatBarrierReefinQueenslandhassufferedseveralmassbleachingeventsduetotheimpactsofclimatechange.TheAustraliangovernmentturneddownaproposalforanewopencutcoalmineneartheGreatBarrierReef,consideringenvironmentallawsandtheriskof“irreversibledamage”.Itwasthefirsttimethegovernmenthaduseditspowersunderenvironmentallawstorejectamine.Inturningdowntheproject,TanyaPlibersek,theministerfortheenvironmentandwater,citedsignificantpotentialenvironmentaldangerstothereef,whichisalreadyheavilythreatenedbyclimatechange.”Theriskofpollutionisrealandthedamagetothereef,oncedone,willneverberepaired.“Theprojectwouldhavehadunacceptableimpactsonfreshwaterintheareaandpotentiallyonfragileseagrassmeadows,”Pliberseksaidinavideopostedonsocialmedia.Shesaidthatduringthepublicconsultationperiod,herdepartmenthadreceived9,000publicmentsaboutthemineinjust10businessdays.ThegovernmenthasbeenunderpressurefromUNESCOtobetterprotectthereefandin2022,itpledgedonebillionAustraliandollarsforeffortstoprotectthefragileecosystem,includingclimateadaptationmeasuresandwaterqualityprograms.Lastyear,theGreatBarrierReef,whichstretchesformorethan2,300kilometers,experienceditssixthmassbleachingevent,duetowarmingwaterscausedbyclimatechange.Thegovernment,electedin2022,cametopowerpromisingstrongeractionontheclimateinacountrystillheavilydependingonfossilfuels.Butitsclimatepoliciesarerated“insufficient”byClimateActionTracker,whichfoundAustraliaisnotoncoursetomeettargetstolimitwarmingto1.5degreesCelsiusabovepreindustriallevels.Thegovernmenthasrejectedcallsfromthecountry’sGreenPartytoturndownallnewfossilfuelprojects.12.Whichofthefollowingcanreplace“irreversible”inparagraph1?A.Permanent. B.Gradual. C.Severe. D.Significant.13.WhichstatementwouldPlibersekprobablyagreewith?A.Thereefisingoodconditionnow.B.9,000peoplemadegoodmentsontheminingproject.C.Theminingprojecthasdrawntheattentionofthepublic.D.Theminingprojecthashadbadeffectsonfreshwaterinthearea.14.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.FossilfuelsarenotindemandinAustralia.B.Thegovernmenthasmadeeffectiveclimatepolicies.C.Thegovernmentfailedtocarryoutitspreviouspromises.D.TheGreenPartyreachedanagreementwiththegovernment.15.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.TheGreatBarrierReefisfacedwithmassbleachingevents.B.AustraliaisonthewaytoprotectingtheGreatBarrierReef.C.TheGreatBarrierReefcallsforhelpduetoclimatechange.D.Australiasays“No”toamineneartheGreatBarrierReef.【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了大堡礁正面臨大規(guī)模白化事件?！?2題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段中“Theriskofpollutionisrealandthedamagetothereef,oncedone,willneverberepaired.(污染的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)是真實(shí)存在的，對(duì)珊瑚礁的損害一旦造成，就永遠(yuǎn)無法修復(fù)。)”可知，污染一旦造成，就永遠(yuǎn)無法修復(fù)。從而推知?jiǎng)澗€詞句“TheAustraliangovernmentturneddownaproposalforanewopencutcoalmineneartheGreatBarrierReef,consideringenvironmentallawsandtheriskof‘irreversibledamage’.(澳大利亞政府考慮到環(huán)境法和‘irreversible損害’的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，拒絕了在大堡礁附近新建露天煤礦的提議?！逼渲袆澗€詞匯應(yīng)為“永久的”意思。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第三句“‘Theprojectwouldhavehadunacceptableimpactsonfreshwaterintheareaandpotentiallyonfragileseagrassmeadows,’Pliberseksaidinavideopostedonsocialmedia.(Plibersek在社交媒體上發(fā)布的一段視頻中說：‘該項(xiàng)目將對(duì)該地區(qū)的淡水產(chǎn)生不可接受的影響，并可能對(duì)脆弱的海草草甸造成影響?！?”可知，Plibersek認(rèn)為采礦項(xiàng)目對(duì)該地區(qū)的淡水產(chǎn)生不良影響。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Thegovernment,electedin2022,cametopowerpromisingstrongeractionontheclimateinacountrystillheavilydependingonfossilfuels.Butitsclimatepoliciesarerated‘insufficient’byClimateActionTracker,whichfoundAustraliaisnotoncoursetomeettargetstolimitwarmingto1.5degreesCelsiusabovepreindustriallevels.Thegovernmenthasrejectedcallsfromthecountry’sGreenPartytoturndownallnewfossilfuelprojects.(本屆政府于2022年當(dāng)選，上臺(tái)時(shí)承諾在這個(gè)仍然嚴(yán)重依賴化石燃料的國家采取更強(qiáng)有力的氣候行動(dòng)。但氣候行動(dòng)追蹤組織認(rèn)為，澳大利亞的氣候政策‘不足’，該組織發(fā)現(xiàn)，澳大利亞沒有按計(jì)劃實(shí)現(xiàn)將全球變暖控制在1攝氏度以內(nèi)的目標(biāo)。比工業(yè)化前水平高5攝氏度。政府拒絕了該國綠黨拒絕所有新的化石燃料項(xiàng)目的呼吁。)”可知，從最后一段我們能推斷出政府未能履行其先前的承諾。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，根據(jù)第一段中“TheGreatBarrierReefinQueenslandhassufferedseveralmassbleachingeventsduetotheimpactsofclimatechange.(由于氣候變化的影響，Queensland州的大堡礁遭受了幾次大規(guī)模的白化事件。)”可知，這篇文章的主旨是大堡礁正面臨大規(guī)模白化事件。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題分，滿分分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填人空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Wakingupmanyminutesorevenhoursbeforethealarmisnotanewphenomenon,butitcancausepeopledisfort.So,whatcanyoudoaboutit?Belowaresometipsfromsleepexperts.___16___Findingoutit’s3a.m.whileyousetthealarmfor7a.m.canincreaseworryaboutthehoursofsleepyouhopedtoget.Clockwatchingbeeshabitual,andthathabitualresponseoffrustrationandanxietyalsocausesastressresponseinthebody.Abandontheideaofgettingbacktosleep.Whenyoudothat,youcandistractyourbrainwithanordinarytasktohelpbringbacksleepiness.___17___Oncesleepinesssetsinagain,headbacktobed.___18___Thecalmingtechniques,environmentalfactorsandevennutritionandexerciseroutinesshouldalsobenoteddown.Forexample,ifanyenvironmentalfactorschangesuchastravel,workscheduleorlighting,youmayunfortablywakeupbeforethealarm.Thenyoushouldmakesomeadjustmentsbasedontherecordsbefore.Somemayfindthatyoga,meditationorreadingcanhelpwhentheywakeupbeforetheiralarm.___19___However,practicingvariousstrategiesthatmayaffectsleepissignificant,ultimatelybuildingawellfollowedroutine.Iftheproblemcontinuesbeyondthreetimesaweekforthreemonths,expertsremendtalkingtoasleepspecialist.___20___A.Writedownwhatworksandwhatdoesn’t.B.Progressivemusclerelaxationmayplayapart.C.Thesametechniquesdon’tworkforeveryone.D.Itmayrequiremorethanasimplehabitchange.E.Ifyouwakeupsuddenly,resistcheckingtheclock.F.Readingabookorlisteningtosoftmusiccandothetrick.G.Keeptrackofwhenyouwenttobedandwokeuponagivennight.【答案】16.E17.F18.G19.C20.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章針對(duì)人們總是在鬧鐘響前醒來感到不適這一問題，介紹了睡眠專家提供的一些建議。【16題詳解】下文“Findingoutit’s3a.m.whileyousetthealarmfor7a.m.canincreaseworryaboutthehoursofsleepyouhopedtoget.Clockwatchingbeeshabitual,andthathabitualresponseoffrustrationandanxietyalsocausesastressresponseinthebody.(發(fā)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)在是凌晨3點(diǎn)，而你把鬧鐘設(shè)置在早上7點(diǎn)，這會(huì)增加你對(duì)希望睡眠時(shí)間的擔(dān)憂?？磿r(shí)鐘變得習(xí)慣了，這種沮喪和焦慮的習(xí)慣性反應(yīng)也會(huì)在身體中引起壓力反應(yīng))”說明習(xí)慣性地看鬧鐘，增加人們對(duì)睡眠的擔(dān)憂，使人沮喪和焦慮，會(huì)給身體帶來壓力，選項(xiàng)E“如果你突然醒來，不要看時(shí)鐘”引出下文，是對(duì)下文的總結(jié)，概括說明了本段的結(jié)論。故選E項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】上文“Abandontheideaofgettingbacktosleep.Whenyoudothat,youcandistractyourbrainwithanordinarytasktohelpbringbacksleepiness.(放棄繼續(xù)睡覺的想法。當(dāng)你這樣做的時(shí)候，你可以通過一項(xiàng)普通的任務(wù)來分散你的大腦，幫助你恢復(fù)睡意)”說明放棄重新睡覺，要用一項(xiàng)普通的任務(wù)去分散大腦的注意力，幫助恢復(fù)睡意。選項(xiàng)F“讀一本書或者聽聽輕音樂可以做到這一點(diǎn)”承接上文，是對(duì)上文一項(xiàng)普通的任務(wù)的舉例。故選F項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】下文“Thecalmingtechniques,environmentalfactorsandevennutritionandexerciseroutinesshouldalsobenoteddown.(鎮(zhèn)靜技巧，環(huán)境因素，甚至營養(yǎng)和鍛煉習(xí)慣也應(yīng)該記錄下來)”說明，要記錄下一些東西。選項(xiàng)G“記錄下某天晚上你睡覺和起床的時(shí)間”建議要記錄下來某些東西，和下文構(gòu)成并列關(guān)系。故選G項(xiàng)。【19題詳解】上文“Somemayfindthatyoga,meditationorreadingcanhelpwhentheywakeupbeforetheiralarm.(有些人可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)他們?cè)隰[鐘前醒來時(shí)，瑜伽、冥想或閱讀會(huì)有所幫助)”說明瑜伽、冥想或閱讀對(duì)在鬧鐘前醒來的人們有益。選項(xiàng)C“同樣的方法并不適用于所有人”承接上文，說明同樣的方法并不適用于所有人，引出下文“However,practicingvariousstrategiesthatmayaffectsleepissignificant,ultimatelybuildingawellfollowedroutine.(然而，實(shí)踐各種可能影響睡眠的策略是重要的，最終建立一個(gè)良好的日常生活)”轉(zhuǎn)折語義，說明雖然不是人人適用，但是這種實(shí)踐是重要的。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】上文“Iftheproblemcontinuesbeyondthreetimesaweekforthreemonths,expertsremendtalkingtoasleepspecialist.(如果這個(gè)問題持續(xù)三個(gè)月，每周超過三次，專家建議咨詢睡眠專業(yè)醫(yī)師)”說明如果問題持續(xù)太久，頻率太高，以上的那些建議可能不起太大作用，要去咨詢睡眠專家。選項(xiàng)D“這可能需要的不僅僅是一個(gè)簡單的習(xí)慣改變”承接上文，和上文存在順承關(guān)系，說明只是以上建議還不夠。故選D項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Whilenegativestoriesfillthenews,wecanalwaysfindsomestoriesofkindness.It’snicetofindtears____21____downyourfaceforadifferentreason:aprofoundappreciationforthekindthingspeopledoforeachother.HighschoolfriendsRobandMikewenttoa____22____withfourhundreddollarsintheirpockets.Themoneywasn’t____23____tobuyeggsandmilk,however.____24____,thetwofriendsusedittosurprise15shoppersbybuyingtheirgroceriesforthem.Youcouldseethe____25____andhappinessintheshoppers’eyesastheyrealizedthatthetwoboysjustpaidfortheir____26____.Onewoman____27____topayforthenextperson’sgroceries.Another____28____Robakissandsaid,“Iloveyou!”Athirdtoldthecashier,“Thatjustgavemechills!”Thefinalwomaninthevideocriedsohardthatthe____29____wentaroundthecounterandgaveherahug.“Nowyou’regoingtomakemecry,”shesaid.“Let’s____30____loveourneighbor,whateverthatlookslikeforyou.Wedidthiswithnostrings____31____,”RobtoldToday.Mikeaddedthatoneofthewomentheyhelpedthatdaylater____32____themandsharedthatshehadaskedGodfora____33____becauseshewasgoingthrougha____34____time.RobexplainedtoToday,“Ourgoalisthatpeopleseethisvideoandgooutandbe____35____topeople.Letustogethermaketheworldbetter.”21.A.welling B.sinking C.running D.washing22.A.library B.store C.restaurant D.cinema23.A.meant B.spent C.saved D.earned24.A.Otherwise B.Instead C.Moreover D.Therefore25.A.anger B.confusion C.sadness D.shock26.A.orders B.products C.groceries D.menus27.A.offered B.occurred C.claimed D.refused28.A.blew B.greeted C.showed D.pressed29.A.waiter B.cashier C.manager D.customer30.A.gently B.rarely C.truly D.precisely31.A.folded B.adjusted C.extended D.attached32.A.threatened B.rescued C.informed D.contacted33.A.permission B.sign C.forgiveness D.suggestion34.A.rough B.happy C.relaxing D.smooth35.A.polite B.cruel C.nice D.rude【答案】21.C22.B23.B24.B25.D26.C27.A28.A29.B30.C31.D32.D33.A34.B35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要敘述了作者的兩個(gè)朋友的善舉引發(fā)的一系列感想和人們的行動(dòng)?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：很高興發(fā)現(xiàn)眼淚從你的臉上流下來的原因不同:對(duì)人們?yōu)楸舜怂龅纳剖律畋砀屑?。A.welling上升；B.sinking下沉；C.running流淌；D.washing洗滌。根據(jù)前文的“tears”和后文的“downyourface”可知，本句用到常用表達(dá)tearsrundownone’sface“眼淚順著某人的臉流下來”，故用running。故選C項(xiàng)。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：高中朋友羅布和邁克口袋里揣著400美元去了一家商店。A.library圖書館；B.store商店；C.restaurant餐廳；D.cinema電影院。grocery意為“食品雜貨”。根據(jù)后文的“thetwofriendsusedittosurprise15shoppersbybuyingtheirgroceriesforthem.”可知，這兩個(gè)朋友用它來給15個(gè)顧客買東西，故他們?nèi)サ氖巧痰?。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，這些錢并沒有被花費(fèi)用來買雞蛋和牛奶。A.meant打算；B.spent花費(fèi)；C.saved節(jié)?。籇.earned賺。根據(jù)后文的“buyeggsandmilk”可知，買東西自然是要花錢的，故用spend，主語Themoney與spend為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過去分詞spent。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：相反，這兩個(gè)朋友用它來給15個(gè)顧客買東西，給他們一個(gè)驚喜。A.Otherwise否則；B.Instead相反；C.Moreover此外；D.Therefore因此。根據(jù)前文的“Themoneywasn’t3tobuyeggsandmilk”和后文的“thetwofriendsusedittosurprise15shoppersbybuyingtheirgroceriesforthem”可知，本句先否定一種情況，再引出下句，提出相反的情況，故用instead。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)顧客們意識(shí)到這兩個(gè)男孩為剛剛他們的物品付了錢時(shí)，你可以看到他們眼中的震驚和幸福。A.anger憤怒；B.confusion困惑；C.sadness悲傷；D.shock震驚。根據(jù)前文的“thetwofriendsusedittosurprise15shoppersbybuyingtheirgroceriesforthem.”可知，這兩個(gè)朋友用它來給15個(gè)顧客買東西，顧客們自然很震驚。故選D項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)顧客們意識(shí)到這兩個(gè)男孩剛剛為他們的物品付了錢時(shí)，你可以看到他們眼中的震驚和幸福。A.orders訂單；B.products產(chǎn)品；C.groceries雜貨；D.menus菜單。根據(jù)前文的“thetwofriendsusedittosurprise15shoppersbybuyingtheirgroceriesforthem.”可知，這兩個(gè)朋友用它來給15個(gè)顧客買東西，兩句話指的是同一件事，故本空也用groceries。故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一位女士主動(dòng)提出為下一個(gè)人的購物買單。A.offered提出；B.occurred發(fā)生；C.claimed聲稱；D.refused拒絕。根據(jù)前文的“Youcouldseethe5andhappinessintheshoppers’eyes”以及后文的“payforthenextperson’sgroceries”可知，這位女士被作者兩位朋友感動(dòng)，主動(dòng)提出為下一個(gè)人的購物買單。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：另一個(gè)人給了羅布一個(gè)飛吻，說:“我愛你！”A.blew（向某人）送飛吻；B.greeted打招呼；C.showed顯示；D.pressed按，壓。根據(jù)后文的“Robakissandsaid,“Iloveyou!””可知，另一個(gè)人給了羅布一個(gè)飛吻。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：視頻中的最后一名女子哭得很厲害，收銀員繞過柜臺(tái)給了她一個(gè)擁抱。A.waiter服務(wù)員；B.cashier收銀員；C.manager經(jīng)理；D.customer顧客。根據(jù)后文的“wentaroundthecounter”可知，繞過柜臺(tái)的只能是收銀員。故選B項(xiàng)。【30題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：讓我們真正地愛我們的鄰居，不管你是什么樣子。A.gently溫和地；B.rarely很少；C.truly真正地；D.precisely精確地。根據(jù)前文的“Youcouldseethe5andhappinessintheshoppers’eyesastheyrealizedthatthetwoboysjustpaidfortheir6.Onewoman7topayforthenextperson’sgroceries.Another8Robakissandsaid,“Iloveyou!”以及后文的“l(fā)oveourneighbor”可知，作者描述了大家被愛后的反應(yīng)，倡導(dǎo)讓我們真正地愛我們的鄰居。故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們這樣做是沒