甘肅武威六中高一下學(xué)期期末練習(xí)英語(yǔ)試卷

學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精高一英語(yǔ)《必修3、必修4》檢測(cè)試卷一、閱讀理解(每小題2分，共40分)ABoliviahasapopulationofthreeandahalfmillion。Aboutonetenthofthetotalpopulationarewhite；one-fourtharemixedIndiansandwhite;andmorethanhalfarefull—bloodedIndians.Thegovernmentandtheindustriesareunderthecontrolofthewhitepeople.TheIndianstodayliveinmuchthesamewayastheirancestors.Mostofthemarefarmers.Manyworkinthemines，forminingisthemostimportantindustryonBolivia’s。Ofalltheminingproducts，tinisthemostimportant，whichmakesupthree-fourthsofallBolivia’sexports.TheeasternslopesoftheAndes，sincethereareveryfewroadsthere，arefertilebutnothighlydeveloped。Thetwoprimarymeansoftransportationareriverboatsandporters。Eastofthehillregionisthegreatplainswheretropicalplantsaregrown。AseriousproblemforBoliviaisthetransportoffoodfromthewarmregions，whereitisgrown,tothemountainousregions，wheremostofthepeoplelive。BoliviagaineditsindependencefromSpainaboutahundredyearsago。Ithasbeenslowindeveloping，butitsrichresourcespromiseabetterfutureinit.1。ThemajorityoftheBolivianpopulationare__________。A.full-bloodedIndiansB.mixedIndianandwhiteC.whitecitizensD。allwhitesandmixed-bloodedpeople2.TheIndian’swayoflifetodayis___________。A.quitedifferentfromthatoftheirancestorsB。quiteinterestingC.almostthesameastheirancestors’D.veryexciting3.TheeasternslopesoftheAndesisnothighlydevelopedbecause________.A.therearethickforeststhereB。thereareveryfewroadsthereC.therearemanyfineminesthereD。theyarenotfertileenough4.Boliviahasbeenslowindeveloping,butithashopeforabetterfuturebecauseofits____.A。miningproductsB。richresourcesC。independencefromSpainD。twoprimarymeansoftransportation【答案】1。A2。C3。B4。B【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文.介紹了玻利維亞的人口組成、產(chǎn)業(yè)情況、交通運(yùn)輸以及地形等.2。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“TheIndianstodayliveinmuchthesamewayastheirancestors?！苯裉?，印第安人和他們祖先的生活方式有很大的相似之處。故選C。3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“TheeasternslopesoftheAndes,sincethereareveryfewroadsthere,arefertilebutnothighlydeveloped。"可知，安第斯山脈東坡雖然肥沃，但因幾乎沒(méi)有通往那里的路，所以并沒(méi)有得到很好的發(fā)展.故選B。4。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Ithasbeenslowindeveloping,butitsrichresourcespromiseabetterfutureinit?！彼l(fā)展得很慢，但它豐富的資源給它帶來(lái)的美好的前景，可知玻利維亞因?yàn)橘Y源豐富而前景很好，故選B。BHabits，whethergoodorbad，aregraduallyformed.Whenapersondoesacertainthingagain，heisdrivenbysomeunseenforcetodothesamethingrepeatedly,thenahabitisformed.Onceahabitisformed，itisdifficult,andsometimesimpossible,togetridof。Itisthereforeveryimportantthatweshouldpaygreatattentiontotheformationofhabits。Childrenoftenformbadhabits,someofwhichremainwiththemaslongastheylive。Olderpersonsalsoformbadhabitslastingaslongastheylive,andsometimesbecomeruinedbythem。Thereareotherhabitswhich,whenformedinearlylife,areofgreathelp。Manysuccessfulmensaythatmuchoftheirsuccesshassomethingtodowithcertainhabitsinearlylife，suchasearlyrising，honestyandsoon。Amongthehabitswhichchildrenshouldnotformarelaziness，lying,stealingandsoon。Thesearealleasilyformedhabits.Unfortunatelyolderpersonsoftenformhabitswhichcouldhavebeenavoided。Weshouldkeepawayfrom（遠(yuǎn)離）allthesebadhabits,andtrytoformsuchhabitsaswillbegoodforourselvesandothers.5.________areformedlittlebylittle。A。GoodhabitsB。BadhabitsC.BothgoodhabitsandbadhabitsD。Eithergoodhabitsorbadhabits6.Theunderlinedword”them"inthefirstparagraphrefersto________。A.badhabitsB。goodhabitsC。childrenD。otherpersons7.Generallyspeaking，it'sdifficultforone________andnoteasyforthem________whichshouldbeavoided.A。toformbadhabits；toformgoodhabitsB。toformgoodhabits;togetridofbadhabitsC。toformsuchhabitsaswillbegood;togetridofgoodhabitsD。togetridofbadhabits;toformgoodhabits8。Whyshouldwepaymuchattentiontotheformationofhabits?A.Becausehabitsareofgreathelptoeveryoneofus。B。Becauseamancannevergetridofahabit。C。Becauseit’shardandsometimesevenimpossibletothrowawaybadhabits。D。Becauseweareforcedtodothemagainandagain.【答案】5。C6.A7.B8。C【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文.介紹了習(xí)慣的養(yǎng)成方式以及不同性質(zhì)的習(xí)慣帶給人們的影響。告訴我們要遠(yuǎn)離壞習(xí)慣，形成良好的習(xí)慣。5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Habits,whethergoodorbad，aregraduallyformed?！绷?xí)慣，不論好壞，都是逐漸養(yǎng)成的，可知好、壞習(xí)慣都是逐漸養(yǎng)成的，故選C.6.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Olderpersonsalsoformbadhabitslastingaslongastheylive,andsometimesbecomeruinedbythem?！蹦挲g大一點(diǎn)的人也會(huì)養(yǎng)成伴隨他們終生的壞習(xí)慣，甚至被它們毀掉。可知，這里的them代指的是壞習(xí)慣，故選A。7.推理判斷題。根據(jù)生活常識(shí),人們總是很難養(yǎng)成良好的生活習(xí)慣,也很難擺脫不良習(xí)慣。故選B。CDoctorSeusswasbornin1904.Bythemiddle1950s,hehadbecomeoneofthebestlovedandmostsuccessfulchildren’sbookwritersintheworld。Hisbooksareverypopularwithyoungreaders。Theyenjoytheinventedwordsandthepicturesofunusualfunnyanimalsandplants。In1954，lifemagazinepublished(刊登)areportaboutschoolchildrenwhocouldnotread。Thereportsaidmanychildren’sbookswerenotinteresting。DoctorSeussstronglyhopedtohelpchildrenanddecidedtowritebooksthatwereinterestingandeasytoread.Heusedwordswiththesameendingsound,likefishandwish。Hedidnotreceivetraininginart。Yet,hedrewthepicturesformostofhisbooks.In1957，Dr.SeusswroteTheCatintheHat.Heusedlessthan230wordstowritethebookandevenasix.year-oldshouldbeabletoreadit.Itwasafunstoryandeasytoread.Childrenlovedit.Theirparentslovedit，too。Todayitisstilloneofthestoriestheylikebest.ThesuccessofTheCatintheHatmadehimwanttowritemorebooksforchildren。In1960，hewroteabookusinglessthanfiftywords.ThebookiscalledGreenEggsandHam。In1984，DoctorSeusswonaPulitzerPrize（普利策獎(jiǎng)）。HewashonoredfortheeducationandenjoymenthisbooksprovidedAmericanchildrenandtheirparents.Hediedattheageof87,buthisinfluenceremains。Millionsofhisbookshavebeensoldworldwide.PeoplesayhisbookshelpedchangethewayAmericanchildrenlearnedtoread.Yet,hisbooksarelovedbypeopleofallages。DoctorSeussoncesaid，“Idonotwriteforchildren.Iwriteforpeople?！?.DoctorSeusslearnedfromthemagazinethat_________。A。someschoolchildrencouldnotreadwithinterest。B。manychildren’sbookswereinterestingC.childrenwantedtolearntoreadD。awriterforchildrenwaswanted10。Peoplelikehisbooksbecausethebooks________。A。arecheapandeasytogetB。werewrittenindifferentlanguagesC。areeasyandinterestingtoreadD.werewrittenwithinventedwords11.HewrotethebookTheCatintheHatattheageof________.A.50B.53C。56D.8712。WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.DoctorSeusswroteGreenEggsandHamwithover230words.B。DoctorSeusswrotebooksonlyforchildrenintheUnitedStates.C.TheCatintheHatwaswrittenonlyforsix。year-oldchildren。D。HisbooksprovidededucationandenjoymentforAmericans.【答案】9.A10。C11.B12。D【解析】這是一篇記敘文.介紹了一位受美國(guó)兒童歡迎的作家蘇斯博士的個(gè)人信息、生平成就、著作等信息。9。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“In1954，lifemagazinepublished(刊登）areportaboutschoolchildrenwhocouldnotread.Thereportsaidmanychildren’sbookswerenotinteresting.”在1954年,生活雜志刊登了一篇關(guān)于上學(xué)的孩子無(wú)法閱讀的報(bào)道。報(bào)道說(shuō)很多兒童書籍都不怎么有趣。可知，蘇斯博士是在閱讀這篇雜志報(bào)道后發(fā)現(xiàn)孩子們不能帶著興趣閱讀的，故選A.10。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Itwasafunstoryandeasytoread.Childrenlovedit.Theirparentslovedit,too."這是個(gè)有趣易讀的故事，孩子們和家長(zhǎng)們都很喜歡?？芍?，蘇斯博士的書受到人們的喜愛(ài)是因?yàn)樗鼈冇腥び忠鬃x，故選C.11.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“DoctorSeusswasbornin1904.”蘇斯博士出生于1904年，以及“In1957，Dr.SeusswroteTheCatintheHat?！碧K斯博士在1957年寫了《戴帽子的貓》，可知，他是53歲寫這本書的，故選B。12。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“HewashonoredfortheeducationandenjoymenthisbooksprovidedAmericanchildrenandtheirparents?！彼蜃髌方o美國(guó)兒童和父母帶來(lái)教育意義與娛樂(lè)而獲獎(jiǎng)，可知，他的書對(duì)美國(guó)人民是寓教于樂(lè)的，故選D?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】在做閱讀理解這樣的題型時(shí)，尤其是介紹某人、某事時(shí)，一定要注意觀察文中所給的時(shí)間。經(jīng)常會(huì)考查根據(jù)已知時(shí)間來(lái)計(jì)算的題型。例如第3題,問(wèn)道“HewrotethebookTheCatintheHatattheageof________。”我們?cè)谖恼麻_(kāi)頭可以找到蘇斯博士的出生日期1904年，再迅速找文中發(fā)表《戴帽子的貓》的時(shí)間,“In1957".通過(guò)簡(jiǎn)單的計(jì)算1957—1904=53，可知，他是53歲寫這本書的,故選B.DIfyouliveintheUnitedStates,thelawsaysyoucan’thaveafull。timejobuntilyouare16yearsold.At14or15,youcanworkpart—timeafterschooloronweekends,andduringsummeryoucanwork40hourseachweek。Doesallthatmeanthatifyouareyoungerthan14，youcan'tearn(賺)yourownmoney？Ofcoursenot！Kidswhoarebetweentheagesof10and13canearnmoneybydoinglotsofthings。Valerie,11，toldusthatshemademoneybycleaningupotherpeople'syards.Lena,13，makesmoneybyknitting(織）dogsweatersandsellingthemtoherneighbors,andRiesasaidshehadstartedtakingartclassesandshowingherworktopeople.Peoplehaveaskedhertodrawpicturesforthemandtheypayherforthem.Jasmine,13,writesarticlesfordifferentmagazines！Earningislearning。Byworkingtoearnyourownmoney,youarelearningtheskillsyouwillneedtosucceedinlife.Theseskillscanincludethingslikegettingalongwithothers，usingtechnology(技術(shù))andusingyourtime。Somepeoplethinkthataskingformoneyisaloteasierthanearningit;however，whenyoumakeyourownmoney,youdon'thavetodependonsomeoneelse。Thefivedollarsthatyouearnwillprobablymakeyoufeelalotbetterinyourhandthanthetwentydollarsyouaskfor。13。Kidscanhavefull.timejobsattheageof________intheUSA。A.17B。14C。13D.1014.Accordingtothepassage，whichofthefollowingisNotTrue？A。Youarelearninghowtosucceedbyworkinginyourteens。B.KidsareencouragedtoliveindependentlyintheUSA。C。Earningone'smoneyisbetterthanaskingformoneyfromothers.D。Kidsdon’tneedtogetalongwithotherswhenmakingmoney。15。Fromthepassageweknowthat________。A。parentswon’tlettheirchildrenearntheirownmoneyB。it’shardforkidsunder14yearsoldtoearnmoneyintheUSAC。kidscanlearnskillsiftheytrytoearnmoneyontheirownD。ifkidstrytoearnmoney,theywon'thaveenoughtimetostudy【答案】13。A14.D15。C【解析】這是一篇記敘文。主要為我們介紹了在美國(guó)不同年齡段的孩子可以賺錢的不同方式，讓讀者體會(huì)到自己賺錢比要錢更大的意義。13。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“IfyouliveintheUnitedStates，thelawsaysyoucan’thaveafull。timejobuntilyouare16yearsold.”如果你住在美國(guó)，法律規(guī)定在你16歲之前是不能有全職工作的.可知，在美國(guó),年齡大于16歲就能有全職工作。故選A。14。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Byworkingtoearnyourownmoney,youarelearningtheskillsyouwillneedtosucceedinlife.Theseskillscanincludethingslikegettingalongwithothers，usingtechnology（技術(shù))andusingyourtime”通過(guò)工作來(lái)自己賺錢，你將學(xué)到成功需要的技巧。這些技巧包括和他人相處、使用技術(shù)和你自己的時(shí)間?？芍退讼嗵幵谫嶅X時(shí)也是非常重要的，故選D.15.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Byworkingtoearnyourownmoney，youarelearningtheskillsyouwillneedtosucceedinlife。"通過(guò)工作來(lái)自己賺錢,你將學(xué)到成功需要的技巧?？芍?孩子們?cè)谫嶅X時(shí)會(huì)學(xué)到技巧。故選C。E根據(jù)文章,在空白處選擇正確的選項(xiàng)。其中兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng).Howdoyouimproveyourspelling？___16___Justaswelearnspokenlanguagebyhearinglotsofpeoplespeaking，welearnwrittenlanguage，includingspelling,byreadingwhatalotofpeoplewrite.Spellingisnotabouthowawordsound，it'sabouthowitlooksonthepage，whichmeansyouhavetolookatalotofwordsonthepagetolearnthecorrectspellingaboutit。Makealistofyourcommonlymisspelledwords。___17___Whenyougetachance,lookitupandputthecorrectspellingnexttoit。___18___Ifyoulookitupmorethanonce,addittoyourpersonallist.Write！Write!Write！___19___Whenyoulookituphowtospellaword,writeitdownseveraltimesinarowanddoitagainadayortwolater。___20___Writeablog,ajournal，e-mails,anovel,anythingthatwillkeepyouusingwordsandpayspecialattentionasyouwritetothewordsthatcomeupwrong.A。Thereisnosubstitute(代替)forreadingalot.B.Putamarknexttoeverywordyoulookupinthedictionary。C.Thoseofuswhospellwellhaveahardtimeexplainingit，too.D.Letothersreadyourwritings，andaskthemtocirclemisspelledwords.E。You’retryingtobuildupthemotormemoryofwritingitcorrectlyspelled。F.Theonlywaytoreallylearnawordistouseit，andthatcountsforspellingasmuchasforlearningitsmeaning。G.Whenyoucatchyourselfspellingthesamewordwrongoverandover，writeitdownsomewhere?！敬鸢浮?6.A17。G18.B19.F20.E【解析】這是一篇記敘文。為我們講述了學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言時(shí)拼寫的重要性,為我們提供了幾個(gè)練習(xí)拼寫能力的建議.16.根據(jù)“Howdoyouimproveyourspelling?”你怎樣提高拼寫能力?以及后文的“welearnwrittenlanguage,includingspelling，byreadingwhatalotofpeoplewrite.”我們通過(guò)閱讀來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)寫作,包括拼寫?？芍?，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)的是閱讀的重要性，故選A。17.根據(jù)“Makealistofyourcommonlymisspelledwords.___2___Whenyougetachance，lookitupandputthecorrectspellingnexttoit.”制作一個(gè)你常拼錯(cuò)的單詞的清單。當(dāng)你有空時(shí)查找詞典,在旁邊寫上正確的詞?？芍咎帍?qiáng)調(diào)的是把錯(cuò)誤的詞寫在同一個(gè)地方以便改正。故選G。18。根據(jù)“___3___Ifyoulookitupmorethanonce，addittoyourpersonallist.”當(dāng)你查得不止一遍時(shí),把它放到你的個(gè)人清單上。可知，此處依舊在強(qiáng)調(diào)查找、處理單詞的方式，與此處查找單詞有關(guān)的選項(xiàng)為B，故選B。19。根據(jù)“Whenyoulookituphowtospellaword,writeitdownseveraltimesinarowanddoitagainadayortwolater。"當(dāng)你查找怎樣拼寫一個(gè)單詞時(shí)，把它多次記下來(lái),一兩天后再做一遍。可知，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)我們要重復(fù)記憶正確的拼寫方式。故選E。20.根據(jù)“Writeablog,ajournal，e-mails,anovel，anythingthatwillkeepyouusingwordsandpayspecialattentionasyouwritetothewordsthatcomeupwrong.”寫博客、日記、郵件、小說(shuō)等任何可以讓你不斷拼寫并且要注意是否錯(cuò)誤的東西。可知，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)的是要學(xué)會(huì)在實(shí)際中使用這些拼寫的單詞。故選F。二、完形填空（每小題1。5分，共30分）Areyouamanoramouse？Whenpeopleaskthisquestiontheywanttoknow___21___youthinkyouarea___22___personoracoward(懦夫）.Butyouwillneverreallyknowtheanswertothisquestion___23___youaretestedinreallife。Somepeople___24___theyarebravebutwhentheycomefacetofacewithreal___25___,theyactlikecowards.Othersthinkofthemselvesascowards，butwhentheymeetdanger，theyactlike___26___.Lennyhadalwaysthoughtofhimselfasa___27___person.Hegotworriedbeforeexaminations。Heworriedabouthisjobandhealth。Allhewantedinlifewastobesafeandhealthy.___28___,onJanuary15th，2002,aplanecrashedintothePotomacRiverinWashington.Lennywenttotherivertoseewhatwashappening.Hesawawomaninthe___29___water.Lennydidnotfeelafraid。Hekeptvery___30___anddidaverydangerousthing。HejumpedintothePotomac,___31___tothewoman,andkeptherhead___32___thewater。Seventy—eightpeoplediedthatday.ThankstoLenny，itwasnot___33___.Whenyouareinavery___34___situationandfeelafraid，thebodyautomaticallyproducesachemicalintheblood.Thechemicaliscalledadrenalin（腎上腺素）.___35___adrenalininthebloodsystem，youactuallyfeelstrongerandstrongerandare___36___tofightorrunaway。However，whenyouareabsolutelyterrified，thebodycanproducetoomuchadrenalin。Whenthis___37___,themuscles（肌肉）becomeveryhardandyoufindyou___38___moveatall.Youarethenparalyzed（使無(wú)能為力）withfear.Thisis___39___whenweareveryfrightened，wesometimessaywe’re“petrified(驚呆的)”.ThiswordcomesfromtheGreekword“petros”,whichmeans“stone”。Weare___40___frightenedthatwebecomestonelike.21。A.howB.neitherC。whetherD。either22。A。braveB.realC。hardD.certain23.A.whenB.untilC。afterD.once24。A。realizeB。findC.thinkD.agree25.A.lifeB。questionC。mouseD。danger26.A.soldiersB.miceC.heroesD。cowards27.A.usefulB。braveC.nervousD.terrible28。A。SoB。ThereforeC.ThenD。Actually29。A。freshB.poisonousC.warmD。ice—cold30。A.nervousB。calmC。frightenedD。excited31.A。wentB。helpedC。spokeD。swam32。A。inB。underC。aboveD.from33.A.anaccidentB。amistakeC.seventy-eightD。seventy-nine34。A.dangerousB.comfortableC.differentD。favorable35。A.WithB。WithoutC。ForD.Like36。A。afraidB。unableC.readyD。anxious37。A。getsB.disappearsC.happensD。goes38.A.needn’tB。can’tC.mustn’tD。shouldn’t39。A。whereB.howC。becauseD。why40。A.reallyB.veryC。suchD。so【答案】21。C22。A23.B24.C25.D26。C27.C28。C29。D30.B31.D32.C33.D34.A35.A36.C37.C38。B39。D40.D【解析】試題分析:本文從Lenny的故事介紹了懦弱的人在關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻也會(huì)表現(xiàn)的很勇敢，并且介紹這種情況的生理原因。21.考查連接詞：和后面or搭配應(yīng)該用whether，選C22?？疾樾稳菰~：和acoward（懦夫）對(duì)應(yīng)的是brave。選A23。考查until和否定詞連用，直到…才…,選B24?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析：A.realize意識(shí)到B。find發(fā)現(xiàn)C.think認(rèn)為D.agree同意,選C符合句意。25.考查名詞：根據(jù)后面的theyactlikecowards可知是面對(duì)危險(xiǎn)。選D26。考查名詞：句意：但是當(dāng)遇到困難時(shí)，他們表現(xiàn)的象英雄。選C27.考查形容詞：從后面的gotworried可知是nervous，選C28.考查副詞:A。So那么B。Therefore因此C。Then然后D。Actually實(shí)際上,表示時(shí)間順序,選C29。考查形容詞:因?yàn)槭且辉路?，所以是ice—cold，冰冷的。選D30。考查形容詞：前面是Lennydidnotfeelafraid。所以用keepcalm保持冷靜.選B31.考查動(dòng)詞：jumpedintothePotomac,swam和keptherhead42thewater.是并列動(dòng)作,選D32.考查介詞：keepone’sheadabovethewater，頭保持在水面上。選C33.考查上下文串聯(lián)，上文有Seventy—eightpeople可知選D34?？疾樾稳菰~：從后面的feelafraid可知選dangerous，選A35.考查with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),with+賓語(yǔ)+介詞短語(yǔ).選A36.考查形容詞：bereadytodo準(zhǔn)備做.選C37?？疾閯?dòng)詞：A.gets得到B。disappears消失C.happens發(fā)生D.goes走,C符合句意。38?？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞:表示；你發(fā)現(xiàn)你會(huì)不能動(dòng).選B39.考查疑問(wèn)副詞：that'swhy…那就是為什么…。選D40?？疾檫B詞，我們害怕因此就會(huì)象石頭一樣。選D考點(diǎn)：考查夾敘夾議類短文點(diǎn)評(píng):文章結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，層次分明,考查知識(shí)面廣，立足語(yǔ)篇，側(cè)重通過(guò)上下文信息考查考生的綜合運(yùn)用英語(yǔ)的能力,要注意故事發(fā)展的細(xì)節(jié)，注意上下文串聯(lián)和語(yǔ)法分析，因?yàn)樵诒疚闹姓Z(yǔ)法分析題考查較多。三、語(yǔ)法填空（每小題1。5分，共15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式(不多于3個(gè)單詞)。Theearthwasjust___41___cloudofdustafterthe“BigBang”．Theearthexplodedloudlywithfireandrock.___42___wereintimetoproducemanythings，whichweretomaketheearth’satmosphere。Astheearthcooleddown,waterbegantoappearon___43___surface。Itallowedtheearthtodissolve___44___（harm）gases。Thenlifebegantodevelop.Smallplantsmultipliedandfilledthefirstoceansandseaswithoxygen。Thisencouragedthe___45___（develop）ofearlyshellfishandfish。Landanimalssuch____46____insects，reptilesanddinosaursappearedaftergreenplantsappeared.Smallcleveranimalsspreadall___47___theearth。Theyareputtingtoomuchcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere,___48___preventsheatfromescapingfromtheearthintospace。____49____lifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcan____50____(solve）．【答案】41.a42。They43.its44。harmful45。development46。as47。over48。which49。Whether50。besolved【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。介紹了宇宙大爆炸后地球的形成，以及地球上各種成分、生物的出現(xiàn)過(guò)程。41?！癟heearthwasjust___1___cloudofdustafterthe“BigBang”．”考查短語(yǔ)“acloudof”一團(tuán)、一朵。故填a。42?！癟heearthexplodedloudlywithfireandrock.___2___wereintimetoproducemanythings，whichweretomaketheearth’satmosphere?！备鶕?jù)語(yǔ)境可知，這里要填的是代指前面提到的“fireandrock",故填They。43?！癆stheearthcooleddown,waterbegantoappearon___3___surface。"根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,水出現(xiàn)在地球表面.這里應(yīng)該填地球的所有各形式，且為一個(gè)單詞,故用it，所有格為its。故填its.44?！癐tallowedtheearthtodissolve___4___（harm）gases.”gases為名詞，氣體，這里的harm修飾名詞，應(yīng)該使用形容詞形式,故填harmful.45.“Thisencouragedthe___5___(develop)ofearlyshellfishandfish。"這促進(jìn)了早期甲殼類動(dòng)物和魚(yú)類的進(jìn)化。這里的進(jìn)化應(yīng)為名詞形式，“thedevelopmentof”…的進(jìn)化,故填development.46.“Landanimalssuch____6____insects，reptilesanddinosaursappearedaftergreenplantsappeared.”考查固定搭配“suchas"例如，由語(yǔ)境可知此處是列舉一些陸地生物，故填as。47?！癝mallcleveranimalsspreadall___7___theearth.”考查固定搭配“allover”到處都是,由語(yǔ)境可知地球上到處都是小型智慧生物,故填over。48.“Theyareputtingtoomuchcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere，___8___preventsheatfromescapingfromtheearthintospace.”考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。由語(yǔ)境可知,是前文的二氧化碳阻止了熱量的流失，故空格處代指二氧化碳的排放，故填which。49.“____9____lifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcan____10____（solve）．”根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，這句話的意思為(）生命能在地球上繼續(xù)存在成百上千萬(wàn)年，要取決于這個(gè)問(wèn)題能否被解決.可知空格處也應(yīng)該表示“是否"，故填Whether.50.“____9____lifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcan____10____(solve)．”problem為名詞，solve為動(dòng)詞，兩者為被動(dòng)的關(guān)系，故填besolved.【名師點(diǎn)睛】在做語(yǔ)法填空一類的題型時(shí)，除了要注意文章的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)法、固定搭配，有時(shí)還要注意緊密聯(lián)系前后文結(jié)構(gòu)，注意前后文是否有提示性的詞語(yǔ)。例如本題的第2題，“Theearthexplodedloudlywithfireandrock。___2___wereintimetoproducemanythings，whichweretomaketheearth'satmosphere."句中提到，地球劇烈爆炸產(chǎn)生了大火和巖石，這些（）及時(shí)產(chǎn)生了很多形成大氣層的東西。根據(jù)前文我們可知,空格處即為前文提到的“fireandrock"因此要代指它們,故填They。四、短文改錯(cuò)(共10處錯(cuò)誤；每處1分，共10分)51。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏詞符號(hào)（∧）,并在其下面寫出該加的詞.刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（＼）劃掉.修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，（____）并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1。每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。MybrotherTomwasveryselfishwhenhewasalittleboy。Hedidnotwantsharethingswithotherpeople.Forexample,whenheboughtachocolatecake,heputtheminasecretplacewhereIcouldn'tfind.Thenheateitallbyhimself。Heneverhelpedother.Hesaidheisbusy。Thatis,agameoftennismakinghimverybusy.Hedidnotcareifsomethinghedidmadepeopleangry.Forinstance,ononenightheplayedstrongandloudlymusictillfouro’clockinthemorning.Butheisdifferencenow.Heoftenhelpsgrandmawithhousework，helpsmomwithcookingandhelpshisclassmatewiththeirlessons.【答案】1：第二句want后面加to2:第三句them改為it3:where改為which/that4:第五句other改為others5:第六句is改為was6：第七句making改為made7：第九句on去掉8：loudly改為loudp9:difference改為different10:classmate后加s【解析】本文是一篇記敘文，說(shuō)了作者在2001年夏天開(kāi)始閱讀英文書籍時(shí)的收獲和困難,以及解決困難的方法.。1?！癏edidnotwantsharethingswithotherpeople.”考查固定搭配“wanttodostn。",故添加to。2.“Forexample,whenheboughtachocolatecake，heputtheminasecretplacewhereIcouldn’tfind?！边@里的巧克力蛋糕只有一個(gè),故用單數(shù)的代詞來(lái)代指,故將them改為it.3.“Forexample,whenheboughtachocolatecake，heputtheminasecretplacewhereIcouldn’tfind?！备鶕?jù)語(yǔ)境可知這里的先行詞為secretplace，which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)候,在從句中作主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)或是表語(yǔ)，where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)做的是狀語(yǔ)，which代place在從句中作find的賓語(yǔ)。故將where改為which/that。4.“Heneverhelpedother?！笨疾閛ther和others的區(qū)分.other其他的,另外的，泛指另一個(gè)另一些.others泛指別的，其他人，是other的復(fù)數(shù)形式。這里指的是其他人，故將other改為others。5.“Hesaidheisbusy。”瀏覽全文可知文章為一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)一致的原則,故將is改為was。6?！癟hatis,agameoftennismakinghimverybusy.”agameoftennis與him為主動(dòng)的關(guān)系,且瀏覽全文可知文章為一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)一致的原則，故將making改為made.7.“Forinstance,ononenightheplayedstrongandloudlymusictillfouro'clockinthemorning。"“onenight”表示在一天晚上，前面不需要加介詞，故刪掉on。8。“Forinstance,ononenightheplayedstrongandloudlymusictillfouro’clockinthemorning。"music為名詞，應(yīng)使用形容詞修飾，故將loudly改為loud。9?！癇utheisdifferencenow?！边@里的“不同”指性質(zhì)，應(yīng)使用形容詞形式，故將difference改為different。10.“Heoftenhelpsgrandmawithhousework，helpsmomwithcookingandhelpshisclassmatewiththeirlessons.”根據(jù)their我們知道不只有一個(gè)同學(xué)，classmate為可數(shù)名詞，應(yīng)該使用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故將classmate改為classmates?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】定語(yǔ)從句中which與where的選擇：which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)候，在從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或是表語(yǔ)。如：IgrewupinthesmallvillagewhichIwasbornin.（which