吉林省吉林市普通中學(xué)高三英語第四次調(diào)研測試試題（含解析）

吉林省吉林市普通中學(xué)2020屆高三英語第四次調(diào)研測試試題（含解析）注意事項(xiàng):1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的學(xué)校、班級、姓名、考生號填寫在答題卡指定位置。2.請按題號順序在答題紙上各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)整潔作答，超出區(qū)域答題無效。第一部分:聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whenshouldthespeakersbeattheairport?A.At2:00a.m. B.Around11:00p.m. C.Nolaterthan10:00p.m.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Ourflighttakesoffatmidnight.Whendoyouthinkweshouldbeattheairport?W:Forinternationaltravel,you’resupposedtobeattheairporttwohoursearlyinordertogiveyourselfenoughtimetocheckyourbagsandgetthroughsecuritycheck.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.AtriptoParis. B.Thewoman’sdress. C.Apetition.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Whatareyoudoing?M:I’mdesigningadress.IenteredacontestandthewinningdesignergetsatriptoParis.W:Wow!Thislooksamazing.Ilovethelengthofthedress,andthecolor.Ithinkyou’regoingtodowellinthecontest!3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanthinkofthecereal?A.Itistoosweet. B.Ittastesdelicious. C.Itneedsmoresugar.【答案】A【解析】【詳解】M:Thiscereal(谷物)haswaytoomuchsugar!Whatdidyouputonit?W:Ithasnutsanddriedfruitalready,butIaddedabitofhoney.YoualwayssaythecerealIbuyisn’tsweetenough.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatwillthemandonext?A.PayLauraforherticket.B.BuyanextraticketforLaura.C.AskLauraforsomesuggestions.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:I’dlovetogototheSuperBowl(美國橄欖球超級杯大賽)nextweek,butIdon’tthinkthereareanymoretickets.W:Whydon’tyoutalktoLaura?Shemightbeabletogiveyousomeadvice.AndIknowsheisplanningtogoherself,somaybeyoucouldgowithher.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whereisthehistorysection?A.Inthefrontofthestore. B.Upthestairs. C.Downthehallway.【答案】B【解析】原文】W:I’mlookingforabookinthehistorysection.Canyoutellmewherethatis?M:It’srightinbetweencookingandpersonalhealthonthesecondfloor.Justfollowthathallwayandyou’llseeasetofstairsintheback.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.Whoarethespeakers?A.Teachers. B.Students. C.Workers.7.Whatwillthewomanprobablydointheend?A.Rentanapartment.B.Buyanairconditioner.C.Moveintoanotherdormitory.【答案】6.B7.C【解析】【原文】M:Ican’tstandthisheat.Ican’tgivemyattentiontostudyingforthemidtermexam.IguessI’llhavetogotothelibrarythisafternoon.W:Idon’tblameyou.Thisdormitorydoesn’thaveanairconditioner.Ican’tstudyeither.MyroommateandIarethinkingaboutmovingouttotheotherdormoranapartmentthathasanairconditioner.M:Oh,I’vethoughtaboutmoving,too.ButifIwanttoliveinanapartment,I’llhavetopayalotofmoneyforelectricity.W:Oh,no.That’sreallyexpensive.Well,IguessI’lltellmyroommatewewillseeabouttheotherdorm.Ifitdoesn’tworkout,wewillsweatallsummer.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.Whatdoesthegirlwanttodo?A.Borrowacar. B.Getaconcertticket. C.Pickuphermother.9.Whowantstogotoaconcertwiththegirl?A.Eric. B.SmellyToes. C.Hermother.【答案】8.A9.A【解析】【原文】W:Heydaddy!Youlookgreattoday.Ilikeyourtie!Bytheway,IwaswonderingifIcan…M:No!W:Ihaven’teventoldyouwhatitisyet!M:OK,OK,whatdoyouwant?W:DoyouthinkIcouldborrowthecar?I’mgoingtoaconcerttonight.M:Um…Idon’tthinkso.Ineedthecartonighttopickupyourmother.W:Uh!Itoldyouaboutitlastweek!SmellyToesisplaying,andEricaskedifIwouldgowithhim!M:Who’sthisEricguy?W:Duh!He’sthehottestandmostpopularguyatschool!eon,dad!Please!M:No,youcan’tdo…Sorry.W:Finethen,wouldyoumindgivingme100bucks?M:Noway!W:That’ssounfair!聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】10.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A.Thefood. B.Differentcustoms. C.Thehealth.11.Howdoesthehostknowtheguestisfullaccordingtotheman?A.Theguestrefusestheofferedfood.B.Theguesteatsupallthefood.C.Theguestleavessomefoodontheplate.12.Wheredoesthewomanefromprobably?A.China. B.TheUSA. C.TheUK.【答案】10.B11.C12.B【解析】【原文】M:Whatdoyouthinkofthefoodthere?W:Well,itisreallyfabulous.ButthereissomethingthatI’mnotaccustomedto.PeopletherearealwaysexpectingmetoeatandIammuchfatternowparedtobefore.M:Theyarebeingpolite.W:Isee.Ialsolearnedthatit’snotpolitefortheguesttoaccepttheofferoffoodatfirst.M:Yeah,that’sright.Ifyouaretheguest,youhavetorefusethefoodofferedatthefirstorsecondtime.Ifyoudon’tturnitdownandjusteatallthefood,thehostwillkeeponofferingalotoffooduntilyouleavesomeonyourplate.Youknow,thehostknowsyouarefullinthatway.W:Well,inAmerica,weusuallyeatallthefoodontheplatebecausewedon’twantthehosttothinkthatwedon’tlikethefood.M:That’sdifference.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】13.Whydoesthewomanneedsomespecialthings?A.Tocelebrateherweddinganniversary.B.Tomakeherprettyatthewedding.C.Tohaveahappymarriage.14.Whathasthewomangotfromhergrandmother?A.Adiamondring. B.Aweddingdress. C.Blueflowers.15.Whatisthewomanlookingfor?A.Somethingborrowed. B.Somethingnew. C.Somethingold.16.Wheredoesthemanusuallyputthecoin?A.Inhispurse. B.Inhisshoe. C.Inhispocket.【答案】13.C14.A15.A16.B【解析】【原文】M:Well,yourweddingdayisthisweekend.Areyouready?W:Yeah,Ithinkso,exceptforonething.M:What’sthat?W:Well,I’msupposedtowearsomespecialthingstotheweddingforgoodluck.M:Ithoughtyouwereplanningtowearaweddingdress.W:Iam,ofcourse!Butitsaysthattohaveahappymarriage,Ihavetowearsomethingold,somethingnew,somethingborrowedsomethingthatIborrowfromanotherpersonandsomethingblue.M:Old,new,borrowed,andblue,huh?I’veneverheardthatone.Sowhatareyougoingtowear?W:Well,forsomethingold,I’mwearingmygrandmother’sdiamondring.Andmyweddingdressissomethingnew,andI’mwearingblueflowersinmyhair.M:OK,that’ssomethingold,new,andblue.Youstillneedsomethingborrowed.W:Yeah,Ijustdon’tknowwhat,though.M:Hey!Howaboutthis?It’smyluckycoin.IalwayswearitinsidemyshoewhenIneedgoodluck.Youcanborrowitandputitinyourshoeduringthewedding.W:Oh,thanks!NowI’mreadyformyweddingday.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】17.Howlonghasthespeakerbeenahistoryteacher?A.Nearly3years. B.Almost13years. C.About30years.18.Whatisthemainpointofthelecture?A.Theimportanceofhistoryeducation.B.Anewmethodofhistoryeducation.C.Thepurposeoflearninghistory.19.Whatdoteachersusuallybeginwithintermsofthehistoryofbusiness?A.Theproblemofpresenteconomy.B.ThehistoryoftheIndustrialRevolution.C.Thegovernmentactioninthepast.20.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutthetraditionalapproach?A.Itmakesstudentsmemorizefactsmechanically.B.Itisthemosteffectivewayoflearninghistory.C.Ithelpsstudentsunderstandtheimportanceofhistory.【答案】17.C18.B19.B20.A【解析】【原文】M:Goodafternoon,everyone!TodayIwillgiveyoualectureabouthistoryeducation.Ihavebeenteachinghistoryforabout30years.Once,Iaskedmyself,“What’sthebestwaytoteachit?”Recentlyeducatorsarerethinkingtheirapproachtohistoryeducation.Onenewviewisthatitshouldbetaughtfromthepresentbackwards,keepinginmindthequestion,“Whyisitlikethistoday?”Letmegiveyouanexample.ThetraditionalapproachtoteachingthehistoryofbusinessalwaysbeginswiththehistoryoftheIndustrialRevolution,andproceedsslowlythroughallthegovernmentactionoverthreehundredyearstothepresent.Criticssaythatmethod,makingstudentsonlymemorizenames,places,anddatesabouttheIndustrialRevolution,isawaste.Instead,it’smoreeffectiveforlearnerstobeginwithapresentdayquestion,like,“Whyistheeconomysobadthesedays?”andthengobacktoexaminethehistoryofbusinesstofindtheanswer.Inotherwords,beginningwiththequestionaboutthepresentismoreeffectivethantheformermethodbecauseitdemonstrates(演示)acauseandeffectapproachtothestudyofhistory.Andwhenstudentsbegintoseehistoryasacauseandeffectrelationship,theycanunderstandwhythestudyofhistoryisimportant.第二部分:閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(xiàng)(A、B、C、和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AInAsia,thebestfoodisfoundnotinfancyrestaurants,butinthecartsandstallsliningbusystreets.Thesefollowingsnacksarenotonlylocaltotheircityorcountry,butalsoshowthedeliciousrangeofstructureandflavour.XiaolongbaoShanghai,ChinaShanghai’sXiaolongbaoisfilledwithporkandaspic,whichmakesitspecial.Aspicisameatbinationthatmeltsintosoupwhenheated.Asaresult,thetinybunsaretastyandsalty.Theyarefoundthroughoutthecity,sopeopleenjoystandingupatstreetstallsandrestaurantfrontsbyShanghai'sbusinessset.PhoHanoi,VietnamPhoisnoodlesoup.Ingredientsinthesouparesimple:noodles,meat(chickenorbeef),andgarnishes(greenonion,Thaibasil,limeandchilis).Butwhatreallysetsphoapartisitssoup,madebysimmeringboneswithonionandginger,spicesandseasonings,ideallyforhoursonendtogettheflavourjustright.PenangAsamLaksaPenang,MalaysiaPenangAsamLaksaisspicynoodlesoupmadewiththickricenoodles.Thedishismademorenotablewiththeadditionoflemongrass,spicy(辛辣的)chilis,sweetpineapple,cilantro,onionsandfreshmintgarnishes.Penangiteshavelovedtheirasamlaksasforsometimeandwiththeirlovingadditionstotheirfavoriterecipe.SomTamBangkok,ThailandThisfruitsaladisamixofpapaya,alocalfruit,andthefollowingingredients:sugar,chilis,fishsauce,garlic,tomato,amongothers.Thisdishisnotsweetlikeyoumightexpect,butsour,saltyorspicyinequalmeasure.Localvariationsaddineverythingfrompeanutstocrab,butinBangkokyou'llfindthespiciestversions,whichcanbeaschallengingtoeatastheyaredelicious.21.WhatcanyoufindXiaolongbaospecialabout?A.Youcanfinditfilledwithpork.B.Youcanenjoymeatsoupwhenitisheated.C.Youcanenjoyitthroughoutthewholecity.D.Youcanfinditfilledwithsaltyanddeliciousmeat.22.Whichtwosnackscontainnoodles?A.XiaolongbaoandPho.B.XiaolongbaoandSomTam.C.PhoandPenangAsamLaksa.D.PenangAsamLaksaandSomTam.23.WhatisthemaincharacteristicofSomTaminBangkok?A.Hot. B.Salty.C.Sweet. D.Sour.【答案】21.B22.C23.A【解析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個亞洲國家具有代表性的小吃。分別是中國上海的小籠包、越南河內(nèi)的河粉、馬來西亞檳城的亞參叻沙和泰國曼谷的青木瓜沙拉?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一、二句Shanghai’sXiaolongbaoisfilledwithporkandaspic,whichmakesitspecial.Aspicisameatbinationthatmeltsintosoupwhenheated.(上海的小籠包充滿了豬肉和阿斯皮克，這使得它很特別。阿斯皮克是一種肉類組合，加熱后融化成湯)可知，小籠包的特別之處在于被加熱時融成的肉汁。故選A?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句Phoisnoodlesoup.(Pho是面條湯)和第四段第一句中的PenangAsamLaksaisspicynoodlesoup(檳城阿薩姆拉克薩是辣面湯)可知，Pho和PenangAsamLaksa都含有面條。故選C?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段最后一句中的butinBangkokyou'llfindthespiciestversions,whichcanbeaschallengingtoeatastheyaredelicious(但在曼谷，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)最辣的版本，吃起來很美味和很有挑戰(zhàn)性)可知，SomTam的主要特點(diǎn)是辣。Hot可以翻譯為“辣的”。故選A。BTwosummersago,SpencerSeabrookesteppedofftheedgeofacliffandoutintotheair.Hewasheldupbyanarrowbandoffabric,threecentimetreswide.Theslackline(扁帶)wentoveradeepchannelonthetopofStawamusChiefMountaininSquamish,Canada.Theplanwastowalkacrosswithoutsafetyequipment.Thegroundwas290metresbelowSeabrook’sfeet.Afallmeantdeath.Thewalkingdistanceof64metreswouldmarkaworldrecordinfreesoloslacklining.“You’restandingonnothing,”Seabrookesaidatthetime.“Everythinginsideyourbodyistellingyouthisiswrong.”Severalstepsintothecrossing,Seabrookelookeddown.Heloweredhisbodytosteadyhimselfandreachedwithhishandstoholdtheslackline.Hesuddenlyturnedoverbuthungon.Herightedhimself,letoutafewscreams,andstoodagain.Hehadwalkedthesameslacklinewithassistancemanytimesbefore.Finally,hecrossedinfourminutesandmadeit.Slackliningbecameknownintheearly1980s,aroundtherockclimbingsceneatYosemiteNationalParkinCalifornia.ScottBal,in1985,wasthefirsttowalkona17metrehighlineonLostArrowSpire,thevalleybottomsome880metresbelow.Charles“Chongo”Tucker,whohasbeenlivinginYosemiteforalongtime,wasthereinslacklining’searliestdays.Later,in1994,hewasoneofthenextpeopletowalktheLostArrowSpirehighline.“AsscaredasIwas,itwasascoolasanythingI’veeverdoneinmylife,”saidTucker.SeabrookegrewupinPeterborough,Canada,inlovewiththeoutdoors.Hesawadocumentaryin2012thatwasaboutAndyLewis,aslacklinerandfreesolopioneerwhoperformedattheSuperBowl.Seabrookewasattractedanddevotedhimselftothesport.Threeyearslater,hewalkedhisrecordfreesolohighlineontheStawamusChief.TheattentionSeabrookewonledtowork,everythingfrommercialstopaidappearancesatslacklinefestivalsfromPolandtoChina.“Whenyoustepoutintotheair,there’ssomethingsocleanaboutit,”saidSeabrooke.“Heightmakesitreal.”24.WhatdoweknowaboutSeabrooke’sslackliningexperiencetwoyearsago?A.Itwasrecordbreaking.B.ItwasdoneinYosemite.C.Itinvolvedmaterialsforsecurity.D.Itpresentednochallengetohim.25.WhatdidSeabrooke’swordsinParagraph2imply?A.Hewasveryconfident.B.Hemadeawrongdecision.C.Slackliningwasadangeroussport.D.Slackliningwasdonewithoutanysupport.26WhatwasTucker’sattitudetoslacklining?A.Negative. B.Ambiguous.C.Frustrated. D.Favorable.27.WhatencouragedSeabrooketostartslacklining?A.TheSuperBowl.B.Aslacklinefestival.C.Itsmercialpromise.D.Aslackliner’sperformance.【答案】24.A25.C26.D27.D【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了一位走扁帶運(yùn)動愛好者的親身經(jīng)歷?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中Thewalkingdistanceof64metreswouldmarkaworldrecord.(步行64米的距離將創(chuàng)下世界紀(jì)錄)和第二段中Finally,hecrossedinfourminutesandmadeit(最終他在四分鐘內(nèi)穿過，成功了)可知，Seabrooke通過這次走扁帶破了世界紀(jì)錄。故選A?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中Seabrooke所說的You'restandingonnothing(你是站不住腳的)和Everythinginsideyourbodyistellingyouthisiswrong.(你內(nèi)心的一切告訴你這是錯誤的)可推知這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動極其危險。故選C?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中Tucker所說的AsscaredasIwas,itwasascoolasanythingI’veeverdoneinmylife(雖然我很害怕，但它和我這輩子做過的任何事情一樣酷)可知，雖然這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動非常危險，但是Tucker覺得很酷。也就是說，他對這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動的態(tài)度是Favorable(贊許的)。故選D?！?7題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的Hesawadocumentaryin2012thatwasaboutAndyLewis,aslacklinerandfreesolopioneerwhoperformedattheSuperBowl.Seabrookewasattractedanddevotedhimselftothesport.(他在2012年看了一部關(guān)于安迪·劉易斯的紀(jì)錄片，他是一位走扁帶愛好者，是超級碗表演的自由單人表演先驅(qū)。Seabrooke被吸引并全身心投入這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動。)可知，2012年Seabrooke在一部紀(jì)錄片中看到走扁帶的精彩表演，從此開始這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動。故選D。CAustinresidentsandbusinessesaremakingeffortstoputtheirleftoverstogooduse.ThecityisamongahandfulofU.S.citiesaimingfor“zerowaste”.ForAustin,thereareplentytogoaround:itannuallywastesmorethan190millionpoundsoffood,worthatleast$200million.Thosenumbersarebig,butthey'renotoutoflinewithnationaltrendssome40percentoffoodinthenationgoestowaste.Putinplainterms,thatisenoughtofilla90,000seatstadiumeachday.Formany,theanswerliesindonation.AustinCityLimits,oneofthecity’sinfluentialfestivals,givesallunwantedfoodtotheCentralTexasFoodBank.Andtherearevolunteerdrivennonprofitsthatpickupdonatedfoodanddeliverittohungrypeople.Butthebestpractice,Austinbelieves,istouseless,andthecityiscallingonbusinessesandhouseholdstobuytherightamountoffood.FullFridge,anewmealdeliveryservice,solvesthisproblem.“FullFridgecameaboutbecause,basically,wewereseeingalotofpeoplenotknowinghowtopreparefood,”sayscofounderMokshikaSharma.Theywouldbuygroceries,butnotknowwhattodowiththem,andendupthrowingawayalot.Herbusinesshopestoendthatproblembyofferingreadymademealsforonlyfivedollarseach.FullFridgealsominimizeswastebystoppingsalestwodaysbeforedelivery,sothechefandshoppercanplanprecisely.Anothersatisfactorysolutionistopost(將制成堆肥)it.Austin’srestaurantsandgrocerystorestypicallycontractwithpostingpaniestodealwithmuchoftheirfoodwaste,andthensellitasfertilizer.Meanwhile,postPedallers,apanycreatedbyDustinFedako,isworkingonbicyclepoweredpostcollection.“Weplaythedotconnecter,”saysFedako,“gettingthematerialfromthoseofuswhoaremakingittothepeopleinthemunitywhouseitasaresourcetogrowmorefood,andtogrowbetterqualityfood.”28.WhatdothefiguresinParagraph2indicate?A.Theurgentneedfordonatedfood. B.Therapidgrowthinfooddonation.C.Theambitiousgoalof“zerowaste”. D.Theseriousproblemoffoodwaste.29.Paragraph3mainlytalksaboutAustin'seffortsto______.A.feedthehungry. B.makeuseofleftovers.C.buildmorevolunteerdrivennonprofits. D.holdfestivalstoentertainitsresidents.30.WhoareFullFridge'stargetcustomers?A.Thosewithtoolittlefood. B.Thosewithpoorcookingskills.C.Thosewithunhealthyeatinghabits. D.Thosewithlittletimetobuygroceries.31.WhatdoesFedakomeanbysaying“Weplaythedotconnecter”?A.Theyfinditrathereasytocollectfoodwaste.B.Theyhopepeoplewillbuybetterqualityfood.C.Theylinkfoodwasteproducerstofertilizerusers.D.Theyaretryingtoconnectwithpostingpanies.【答案】28.D29.B30.B31.C【解析】本文是一篇新聞報道。Austin市的居民和商家都在努力把剩菜好好利用。這座城市是美國為數(shù)不多的幾個城市之一以“零浪費(fèi)”為目標(biāo)的城市。文章主要講述了Austin市采取多項(xiàng)措施有效地利用吃剩的食物?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段ForAustin,thereareplentytogoaround:itannuallywastesmorethan190millionpoundsoffood,worthatleast$200million.Thosenumbersarebig,butthey'renotoutoflinewithnationaltrendssome40percentoffoodinthenationgoestowaste.Putinplainterms,thatisenoughtofilla90,000seatstadiumeachday.可知對Austin市來說，有很多事情可以做：它每年浪費(fèi)超過1.9億磅的食物，至少價值2億美元。這些數(shù)字很大，但并沒有超出美國的趨勢——美國大約40%的食物被浪費(fèi)了。簡單地說，這足夠每天填滿一個90000個座位的體育場。由此可推知，作者在第二段提供這些數(shù)字是為了說明食物浪費(fèi)的嚴(yán)重性。故選D?！?9題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段中Formany,theanswerliesindonation.AustinCityLimits,oneofthecity’sinfluentialfestivals,givesallunwantedfoodtotheCentralTexasFoodBank.Andtherearevolunteerdrivennonprofitsthatpickupdonatedfoodanddeliverittohungrypeople.對許多人來說，答案在于捐贈。奧斯汀市有影響力的節(jié)日之一“奧斯汀市極限”(AustinCityLimits)將所有不需要的食物捐贈給德州中央食品銀行(CentralTexasfoodBank)。還有一些由志愿者組織的非營利組織收集捐贈的食物并將其分發(fā)給饑餓的人們。由此可知，第三段主要講述了Austin市對剩菜剩飯的利用。故選B?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“FullFridgecameaboutbecause,basically,wewereseeingalotofpeoplenotknowinghowtopreparefood,”sayscofounderMokshikaSharma.可知“FullFridge的出現(xiàn)，基本上是因?yàn)槲覀兛吹胶芏嗳瞬恢廊绾螠?zhǔn)備食物，”聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人MokshikaSharma說。由此可推知，這家公司的目標(biāo)顧客是那些不善于做飯的人。故選B。【31題詳解】句意猜測題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段Anothersatisfactorysolutionistopost(將制成堆肥)it.Austin’srestaurantsandgrocerystorestypicallycontractwithpostingpaniestodealwithmuchoftheirfoodwaste,andthensellitasfertilizer.另一個令人滿意的解決方案是堆肥。奧斯汀的餐館和雜貨店通常與堆肥公司簽訂合同，處理他們的大部分食物垃圾，然后作為肥料出售。根據(jù)后文“gettingthematerialfromthoseofuswhoaremakingittothepeopleinthemunitywhouseitasaresourcetogrowmorefood,andtogrowbetterqualityfood.”可知“從我們這些制作材料的人那里得到材料，讓社區(qū)里的人把它作為一種資源來種植更多的食物，并種植更優(yōu)質(zhì)的食物?！庇纱丝赏浦?，F(xiàn)edako這句話是說，他們把產(chǎn)生殘羹剩飯的人和肥料使用者聯(lián)系起來。故選C。DEverwalkedtotheshopsonlytofind,oncethere,you’vepletelyforgottenwhatyouwentfor?Orstruggledtorememberthenameofanoldfriend?Foryearswe’veacceptedthataforgetfulbrainisasmuchapartofagingaswrinklesandgrayhair.Butnowanewbooksuggeststhatwe’vegotitallwrong.AccordingtoTheSecretLifeoftheGrownupBrain,bysciencewriterBarbaraStrauch,whenitestotheimportantthings,ourbrainsactuallygetbetterwithage.Infact,shearguesthatsomestudieshavefoundthatourbrainhitsitspeakbetweenour40sand60s—muchlaterthanpreviouslythought.Furthermore,ratherthanlosingmanybraincellsasweage,wekeepthem,andevenproducenewoneswellintomiddleage.Foryearsit’sbeenassumedthatbrain,muchlikethebody,declineswithage.Butthelongest,largeststudyintowhathappenstopeopleastheyagesuggestsotherwise.Thiscontinuingresearchhasfollowed6,000peoplesince1956,testingthemeverysevenyears.Ithasfoundthatonaverage,participantsperformedbetteroncognitive(認(rèn)知)testsintheir40sand50sthantheyhaddoneintheir20s.Specifically,olderpeopledidbetterontestsofvocabulary,verbalmemory(howmanywordsyoucanremember)andproblemsolving.Wheretheyperformedlesswellwasnumberabilityandperceptualspeed—howfastyoucanpushabuttonwhenordered.However,withmoreplextaskssuchasproblemsolvingandlanguage,weareatourbestatmiddleageandbeyond.Inshort,researchersarenowingupwithscientificproofthatwedogetwiserwithage.Neuroscientistsarealsofindingthatwearehappierwithaging.ArecentUSstudyfoundolderpeopleweremuchbetteratcontrollingandbalancingtheiremotions.Itisthoughtthatwhenwe’reyoungerweneedtofocusmoreonthenegativeaspectsoflifeinordertolearnaboutthepossibledangersintheworld,butaswegetolderwe’velearnedourlessonsandareawarethatwehavelesstimeleftinlife:therefore,itbeesmoreimportantforustobehappy.32.BarbaraStrauchprobablyagreesthat______.A.theyoungarebetterathandlingimportantthingsB.wrinklesandgrayhairaretheonlysymbolsofagingC.agingleadstothedeclineofthefunctionofthebrainD.people’sbrainsworkbestbetweentheir40sand60s33.Thecontinuingresearchhasfoundolderpeopleperformbetteron______.A.vocabularytests B.numberabilityC.perceptualspeed D.bodybalance34.Peoplearehappierwithagingbecause______.A.theyknowhowtosharefeelings B.theylearntovaluethetimeleftC.theycannotfocusonnegativeaspects D.theydonotrealizethepossibledangers35.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Peoplegethappierwithage. B.Peoplegetmoreforgetfulwithage.C.Peoplegetwiserwithage. D.Peoplegetmoreselfawarewithage.【答案】32.D33.A34.B35.C【解析】這是一篇說明文。本文主要講述的內(nèi)容是隨著年齡的增長，確實(shí)會變得更聰明。同樣發(fā)現(xiàn)，人也會越來越開心。【32題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的Infact,shearguesthatsomestudieshavefoundthatourbrainhitsitspeakbetweenour40sand60s她認(rèn)為一些研究已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)，我們的大腦在40歲到60歲之間達(dá)到頂峰，可知BarbaraStrauch人們的大腦在40到60歲之間工作得最好，故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的Specifically,olderpeopledidbetterontestsofvocabulary,verbalmemory(howmanywordsyoucanremember)andproblemsolving.持續(xù)的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，老年人在詞匯測試、語言記憶(你能記住多少單詞)和解決問題方面表現(xiàn)得更好。故選A項(xiàng)。【34題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的aswegetolderwe’velearnedourlessonsandareawarethatwehavelesstimeleftinlife:therefore,itbeesmoreimportantforustobehappy.隨著年齡的增長我們學(xué)到教訓(xùn)，意識到我們還剩下更少的時間活著，因此,快樂對于我們來說更重要。由此可以推知，隨著年齡的增長，人們會更快樂，因?yàn)樗麄儗W(xué)會珍惜剩下的時間，故選B項(xiàng)。【35題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文和第五段的Inshort,researchersarenowingupwithscientificproofthatwedogetwiserwithage.可知本文主要講述的內(nèi)容是隨著年齡的增長，確實(shí)會變得更聰明，故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Wikipedia,theonlineencyclopedia(百科全書),isthelargestencyclopediaever.Anencyclopediaisacollectionofinformativearticlesaboutvariousthings.Encyclopediasusedtobeprintedasbooks.___36___“Wiki”isaninternettermthatmeans”awebsitethatcanbeeditedbythepublic.“Itesfrom”wikiwiki”，aHawaiianwordfor”quick”.TwoAmericans,JimmyWalesandLarrySanger,createdWikipediain2001.___37___Ithasabout6millionarticlesin300languagesandisvisitedbybillionsofpeopleeachday,whowanttofindinformationonjustaboutanythingscience,math,languages,art,cultureandpanyhistories.Therearearticlesonsportsstars,too,andevenlongforgottensoapoperasfromthe1970s.___38___Exceptforasmallnumberofpages,anyonecaneditarticles,anonymously(匿名地)orwithauseraccount,andregistereduserscancreatetheirownarticles.Editingisunpaid,althoughWikipediadoesemployasmallstaff.Wikipediaisfreelyavailabletoanyonewithaninternetconnection.Itsfoundershopedthatthemodelwouldmakeuseofhumanity’scollectiveknowledge.___39___ManyWikipediapagescontainerrors,althoughtheorganizationhasacontentreviewsystemthatworkstofixthisproblem.SeveralstudieshaveconcludedthatWikipediaisasaccurateasmostprintencyclopedias.Indeed,a2005reportinthejournalNaturefoundittobeonlyslightlylessreliablethanEncyclopediaBritannica.TodayWikipediafacesmanychallenges.Itdoesnotrelyonadvertising.___40___Perhapsmoreimportantly,thenumberofitsvolunteereditorsisshrinking.Despitethesedifficulties,JimmyWalessayshewillstillsticktohisdream.Hehasbigplansforthefuture.HewantsWikipediaavailableinalloftheworld’slanguages.A.Instead,allofitsfundsefromdonations.B.Wikipediaemploysanopeneditingmodel.C.Itallowsuserstogetinformationwithinseconds.D.ItisnowthefifthmostvisitedwebsiteontheInternet.E.Mostofitseditorsarevolunteers.F.Now,theyaremostlyfoundonline.G.However,somepeopledoubttheaccuracyofWikipedia'scontent.【答案】36.F37.D38.B39.G40.A【解析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了維基百科的相關(guān)內(nèi)容?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文Encyclopediasusedtobeprintedasbooks.可知百科全書以前是以書籍的形式印刷的。由此可知，本句是在說明百科全書目前的情況，前后時間上形成對比。此外F中的代詞they指代前一句中的Encyclopedias。故F選項(xiàng)“現(xiàn)在，他們大多在網(wǎng)上找到”符合上下文語境，故選F。【37題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Wiki”isaninternettermthatmeans”awebsitethatcanbeeditedbythepublic.“Itesfrom“wikiwiki”，aHawaiianwordfor“quick”.TwoAmericans,JimmyWalesandLarrySanger,createdWikipediain2001.可知“維基”是一個互聯(lián)網(wǎng)術(shù)語，意思是“可以由公眾編輯的網(wǎng)站”。它來自于夏威夷語“wikiwiki”，意思是“快”。兩名美國人，JimmyWales和LarrySanger在2001年創(chuàng)建了維基百科。以及后文Ithasabout6millionarticlesin300languagesandisvisitedbybillionsofpeopleeachday,whowanttofindinformationonjustaboutanythingscience,math,languages,art,cultureandpanyhistories.可知它有300種語言的600萬篇文章，每天有數(shù)十億人訪問它，他們想要找到關(guān)于任何東西的信息——科學(xué)、數(shù)學(xué)、語言、藝術(shù)、文化和公司歷史。由此可知，上文介紹了維基百科名字的由來、創(chuàng)始人、以及所收藏的信息，本句承接上文繼續(xù)圍繞維基百科介紹。且后面句子里的主語it，與D選項(xiàng)中的it指代一致。故D選項(xiàng)“它現(xiàn)在是互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上訪問量第五大的網(wǎng)站”符合上下文語境，故選D。【38題詳解】本句為段首語，根據(jù)下文Exceptforasmallnumberofpages,anyonecaneditarticles,anonymouslyorwithauseraccount,andregistereduserscancreatetheirownarticles.可知除了少數(shù)網(wǎng)頁外，任何人都可以以匿名的形式或使用用戶名對文章進(jìn)行自由編輯。由此可知，本段介紹的是維基百科的編輯模式。故B選項(xiàng)“維基百科采用開放編輯模型”符合上下文語境，故選B?！?9題詳解】本句的位置在段首，引出一個新的話題。結(jié)合后文ManyWikipediapagescontainerrors,althoughtheorganization