江蘇省常州市高三上學(xué)期期中檢測英語試題

常州市教育學(xué)會(huì)學(xué)業(yè)水平監(jiān)測高三英語試題注意：本試卷分四個(gè)部分，答案全部做在答題紙上?？偡譃?50分?？荚嚂r(shí)間120分鐘。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthemovie?A.Exciting.B.Boring.C.Justsoso.2.Whenwillthemangettothewoman'sparty?A.Atabout6:30.B.Atabout7:00.C.Atabout7:30.3.Whereisthewomanorderingherfood?A.Onherphone.B.Fromhercar.C.Frominsidetherestaurant.4.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Shedoesn'tlikethehorse.B.Brian'schoiceisinvain.C.Amanshouldearnmuchmoney.5.Whatdoesthemanreallyneed?A.Awaytostorehispasswords.B.Anapptobuyalaptop.C.Anewusernametouseonline.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中透出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whowillpayforthelunch?A.Theman.B.Thewoman.C.Theman'sboss.7.Howwillthespeakersgoforthelunch?A.Bycar.B.Onfoot.C.Bytaxi.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whatwillthemandothismorning?A.Eatacake.B.Buyapresent.C.Lectureinclass.9.Whatdoesthemanthinkofspeakinginpublicforhim?le.B.Fearful.C.Fair.10.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Domorepreparation.B.Havemoreconfidence.C.Makenoplaint.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Howdidthewomanknowthewantedjobposition?A.Byreadinganewspaperad.B.Bycallinganemploymentservice.C.Bylisteningtotheradionews.12.Whydidthewomanfindthejobappealing?AShecouldimproveherforeignlanguage.B.Thejobsuitedherverywell.C.Herfamilywantedhertoreturnhometowork.13.Whatwasthewomanaskedtodointheend?A.Toprepareforaninterviewinacoupleofdays.B.Toreadtheadvertisementagainformoredetails.C.Tosendinawrittenapplicationassoonaspossible.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.Whydidthewomanetotheman'soffice?A.Toaskforhissignature.B.Toaskforhisadvice.C.Toseekhissupport.15.Whatcoursesdoesthewomanthinkeasytolearn?A.Chemistryandcalculus(微積分)B.Economicsandmusic.C.AmericannovelsandRomanticpoetry.16.Whydidthemanaskthewomantoseehimafterthefirstweekofclasses?A.Tobesuresheisingoodhealth.B.Toexaminewhatshehaslearned.C.Tomakesurethecoursesaren'theavyforher.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Howhassocialmediachangedourlife?A.PeoplearemoreconfusedthaneverB.Peoplearemoreconnectedthanbefore.C.Peoplearenotashappyastheyusedtobe.18.Whymightsocialmediabeanaffectivetoolforsmallpanies?A.Itencouragessocialdiscussions.B.Itchangesthewaywegetournews.C.Itprovidesacheapwaytoadvertise.19.Whatisoneofthenegativeaspectsofsocialmedia?A.Nohonesttalksbetweenpeople.B.Spreadingincorrectinformation.C.Thedamagetopeople'sputers.20.Whatisthespeaker'sattitudetowardssocialmedia?A.Positive.B.Negative.C.Objective.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題分，滿分分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ADillion,Wouldyouliketodeepenyourunderstandingofdiversity,equality,andinclusion(DEI)asitrelatestothefieldofEnglishlanguageteaching?You'reinvitedtojoinonlineconversationsonthesetopicsaspartofanewreadingclubintheDiversity,Equality,andInclusionmunity,accessiblethroughmyTESOL.Eachweektherewillbeanewarticleusedasabasisforthediscussion.InWeek1,August915,wewilldiscuss"BlackTeachersofEnglishinSouthKorea:ConstructingIdentitiesasaNativeEnglishSpeakerandEnglishLanguageTeachingProfessional"withauthorQuanishaD.Charles.Throughouttheweek,theauthorwillpostquestionsfordiscussionforparticipantstodiscusswithinthediscussiongroup.InWeek2,August1622,wewilldiscuss"OnIssuesofDiscriminationandPrejudice:WhatCanTESOLPractitionersDotoSupportandAdvocateforRefugeeStudents?"withauthorChatwaraSuwanamaiDuran.Suwanamaiwillposttheinitialquestion(s)fordiscussionandwilltakepartinthediscussion.Welookforwardtohavingmanymeaningfulandthoughtfulexchangeswithyou.1.Thispieceofinformationissentby___.A.DEI B.TESOLInternationalAssociationC.QuanishaD.Charles D.ChatwaraSuwannamaiDuran2.Whatisthisemailaimedat?A.AskingDilliontolearnhowtoteachEnglish.B.AskingDilliontobeeaTESOLPractitioner.C.InvitingDilliontotakepartinonlinediscussions.D.InvitingDilliontoexchangethoughtsaboutmyTESOL.3.WhatwillbetalkedaboutwithSuwannamai?A.BeingaTESOLpractitioner.B.IdentitiesasanEnglishteacher.C.Helpingrefugeestudents.D.DiscriminationinSouthKorea.【答案】1.B2.C3.C【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。這是一篇邀請Dillion參與DEI社區(qū)線上討論的電郵，文章主要介紹了DEI社區(qū)的線上討論安排、內(nèi)容和加入方式等。【1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Toparticiple,”“加入myTESOL在線社區(qū)，即可參與。更多詳情請?jiān)L問TESOL國際協(xié)會(huì)網(wǎng)站，網(wǎng)址”可知，這條信息是由TESOL國際協(xié)會(huì)發(fā)送的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Wouldyouliketodeepenyourunderstandingofdiversity,equality,andinclusion(DEI)…”“你想加深對多元化、平等和包容（DEI）的理解嗎？”以及“You'reinvitedtojoinonlineconversationsonthesetopicsaspartofanewreadingclubintheDiversity,Equality,andInclusionmunity,accessiblethroughmyTESOL.

”“我們邀請您加入EDI社區(qū)里的新閱讀俱樂部的部分主題的在線對話，可通過myTESOL進(jìn)行訪問。”可知，這封郵件的目的是邀請Dillion參加在線討論。故選C項(xiàng)。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“wewilldiscuss‘OnIssuesofDiscriminationandPrejudice:WhatCanTESOLPractitionersDotoSupportandAdvocateforRefugeeStudents?’withauthorChatwaraSuwanamaiDuran.”“我們將與作家ChatwaraSuwanamaiDuran討論‘關(guān)于歧視和偏見的問題：TESOL從業(yè)者可以做些什么來支持和倡導(dǎo)難民學(xué)生？’”可知，會(huì)和Suwanamai談?wù)撽P(guān)于幫助難民學(xué)生之事。故選C項(xiàng)。BBornintoapoorfamily,LinBustudiedhardandgrewuptobealearnedscholar.HehadtravelledextensivelyacrossChinabeforelivingthecarefreelifeofahermit(隱士).Hewasagoodpoetand.writerbutheneverkeptanyofhiswritings,tearingthemuprightafterpenningthem.“Whywon'tyoukeepthemforlatergenerations?”peopleasked.“I’maforesthermit”hesaid.“IfIseeknopraisenow,whyshouldposthumous(死后的)famemattertome?”ThemostextraordinarythingaboutLinBuwashisPlumBlossomWifeandCraneSon,meaningthathehadaplumblossom(梅花)ashiswifeandacraneashisson.Thisfascinationpuzzledhisfriends.“Whyplumblossoms,ofallflowers?”theyasked.“Plumblossomsaloneflowerduringthecoldestofdays,unbendingtothefreezingfallingsnow.Itisthecharacterofthese'GentlemenoftheFlowers'thatattractslearnedgentlemen,aswellashermitslikemyself.”hereplied.AfterLinBudied,theFlyingCranePavilion(亭子)wasbuiltinhismemory.Peoplewouldetoadmirethehundredsofplumtrees,appreciatingtheformandcharacterofLinBu'sbeloved‘wife'and'son'.Oneday,twoscholarshadadiscussion.“Isn'titashamethatapetentpersonjustifyinghisofficialrankssettleforahermit'slifeinthedepthsofthemountains?”oneasked.“What'ssobadaboutfameandfortunethattheyhaveescapedit?”“It'struethatallpeoplewishforfameandfortune,buttheymustsufferagreatdealtoobtainthem.Thedarkestsideofhumannatureisalmostalwaysrevealedinthesestrugglesforfameandfortune.”“That'swhyahermitwouldfleefromallworldlycares,maintaininghisnoblecharacter,justastheplumblossomsquietlyflowerinthedepthsofwinter!”Theirdiscussionended,butthetworemainedinthepavilionforalongtime.4.WhydidLinBudestroyhisownwritings?A.Becausehetraveledalotasalearnedscholar. B.Becausehewasnotsatisfiedwiththeirquality.C.Becausehecarednothingaboutfameandfortune. D.Becausehedidn'tcareaboutlatergenerations.5.WhatisspecialaboutplumblossomsinLinBu'seyes?A.Theysymbolizebeautyandpeace. B.Theysymbolizebraveryandindependence.C.Theysymbolizehappinessandlonglife. D.Theysymbolizepurityandgoodluck.6.Whatdoesthelastsentenceofthisarticleindicate?A.ThedebateonLinBu'schoicewouldlastforalongtime.B.Thetwoscholarswouldmaintaintheirnoblecharacterslong.C.TheFlyingCranePavilionwouldattractmoreChinesescholars.D.LinBu'sstorywouldhavealastinginfluenceonChinesescholars.7.Whatcanwemainlylearnfromthisarticle?A.ChineseculturevaluedlivinginharmonywithNature.B.NatureplayedanimportantroleinChinesescholars'dailylife.C.HermitsinChinagenerallyparedthemselvestoplumblossoms.D.MaterialsuccessmeantnothingtoscholarswithanoblecharacterinChina.【答案】4.C5.B6.D7.D【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章通過林逋與他人的對話和對梅花的態(tài)度表現(xiàn)了他的淡泊名利，這種品質(zhì)也被中國歷代文人傳承，產(chǎn)生了深遠(yuǎn)影響?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“‘I’maforesthermit’hesaid.‘IfIseeknopraisenow,whyshouldposthumous(死后的)famemattertome?’(“我是隱士?！彼f?！拔椰F(xiàn)在都在山林深谷中隱居，不想成名，何必要惦記著后世名揚(yáng)天下呢？”)”可知，林逋毀掉自己的作品是因?yàn)樗麑γ敛辉诤酢９蔬xC?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“‘Plumblossomsaloneflowerduringthecoldestofdays,unbendingtothefreezingfallingsnow.Itisthecharacterofthese'GentlemenoftheFlowers'thatattractslearnedgentlemen,aswellashermitslikemyself.’hereplied.(他回答說：“梅花在最冷的日子里獨(dú)自綻放，不懼嚴(yán)寒的落雪。正是這些‘花中之君子’的特質(zhì)吸引了有學(xué)問的紳士和像我這樣的隱士。”)”可知，在林逋眼中，梅花特別之處在于它們象征勇敢和獨(dú)立。故選B。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段“AfterLinBudied,theFlyingCranePavilion(亭子)wasbuiltinhismemory.Peoplewouldetoadmirethehundredsofplumtrees,appreciatingtheformandcharacterofLinBu'sbeloved‘wife'and'son'.(林逋死后，人們?yōu)榧o(jì)念他而建飛鶴亭。亭子里有幾百棵梅樹，人們都會(huì)來欣賞，欣賞林逋的‘妻’和‘子’的形態(tài)和性格)”以及最后一段中“That'swhyahermitwouldfleefromallworldlycares,maintaininghisnoblecharacter,justastheplumblossomsquietlyflowerinthedepthsofwinter!(所以隱士才會(huì)遠(yuǎn)離塵囂，保持自己高貴的品性，正如梅花在隆冬里靜靜地開放一樣！)”可推知，飛鶴亭是為了紀(jì)念林逋而建，所以飛鶴亭傳承了林逋的精神，說明林逋的故事對中國文人有很深遠(yuǎn)持久的影響。故選D?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段中“That'swhyahermitwouldfleefromallworldlycares,maintaininghisnoblecharacter,justastheplumblossomsquietlyflowerinthedepthsofwinter!(所以隱士才會(huì)遠(yuǎn)離塵囂，保持自己高貴的品性，正如梅花在隆冬里靜靜地開放一樣！)”結(jié)合文章通過林逋與他人的對話和對梅花的態(tài)度表現(xiàn)了他的淡泊名利，這種品質(zhì)也被中國歷代文人傳承，產(chǎn)生了深遠(yuǎn)影響?？芍?，我們可以從這篇文章中主要能學(xué)到：在中國，物質(zhì)上的成功對于具有高尚品格的學(xué)者來說并不意味著什么。故選D。CThediscoverythattheuniverseisexpandingwasoneofthegreatintellectualrevolutionsofthetwentiethcentury.Withhindsight(回過頭看)，itiseasytowonderwhynoonehadthoughtofitbefore.Newton,andothers,shouldhaverealizedthatastatic(靜止的)universewouldsoonstarttoshrinkundertheinfluenceofgravity.Butsupposeinsteadtheuniverseisexpanding.Ifitwasexpandingfairlyslowly,theforceofgravitywouldcauseiteventuallytostopexpandingandtostartshrinking.However,ifitwasexpandingatmorethanacertaincriticalrate,gravitywouldneverbestrongenoughtostopit,andtheuniversewouldcontinuetoexpandforever.Thisisabitlikewhathappenswhenonefiresarocketupwardfromthesurfaceoftheearth.Ifithasafairlylowspeedgravitywilleventuallystoptherocketanditwillstartfallingback.Ontheotherhand,iftherockethasmorethanacertaincriticalspeed,gravitywillnotbestrongenoughtopullitback,soitwillkeepgoingawayfromtheearthforever.ThisbehavioroftheuniversecouldhavebeenpredictedfromNewton'stheoryofgravityatanytimeinthenineteenth,theeighteenth,oreventhelateseventeenthcenturies.Yetsostrongwasthebeliefinastaticuniversethatitpersistedintotheearlytwentiethcentury.EvenEinstein,whenheformulated(構(gòu)想)thegeneraltheoryofrelativityin1915,wassosurethattheuniversehadtobestaticthathemodifiedhistheorytomakethispossible,introducingasocalledcosmologicalconstant(宇宙常數(shù))intohisequations.WhenHubble'sstudyofnearbygalaxiesshowedthattheuniversewasinfactexpanding,Einsteinregrettedmodifyinghiseleganttheoryandviewedthecosmologicalconstanttermashis"greatestmistake".8.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.thediscoveryoftheexpandinguniversetheoryB.thedifferencesbetweentwouniversetheoriesC.scientists'unwillingnesstoabandonawidelyacceptedtheoryD.scientists'doubtsaboutthetheorythattheuniverseisexpanding9.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredabouttheexpandinguniverse?A.Itdidnotagreewithatheorywidelyacceptedinthenineteenthcentury.B.Mostscientistsnowadaysbelievethattheideaisnolongeracceptable.C.Theexistenceofgravitymakesitimpossiblefortheuniversetoexpand.D.Einsteindiscovereditwhenworkingwiththegeneraltheoryofrelativity.10.TheauthormentionsNewtoninordertoA.showrespectforhisgreatscientificworkofgravityB.provideevidencethattheuniverseisnotexpandingC.giveoneexampleofasupporteroftheexpandinguniversetheoryD.showthattheexpandinguniversetheorymighthavebeendiscoveredearlier11.Whatcanweknowfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Theauthormentionsarockettoprovethetheoryofastaticuniverse.B.Theforcedrivingtheuniversetoexpandissimilartothatdrivingtherocketsupward.C.Einsteinusedtheterm"cosmologicalconstant"tochallengeNewton'sgravitytheory.D.Einstein'smistakeisusedtoshowtheauthor'sdoubtwhethertheuniverseisexpanding.【答案】8.C9.A10.D11.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。講述了宇宙膨脹理論的重大歷史意義，并對其進(jìn)行了簡明扼要的解釋。同時(shí)，本文也對曾經(jīng)一直堅(jiān)持恒穩(wěn)態(tài)宇宙論的科學(xué)家們表示了惋惜，科學(xué)家不愿意放棄一個(gè)被廣泛接受的理論?！驹斀狻?.主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“WhenHubble'sstudyofnearbygalaxiesshowedthattheuniversewasinfactexpanding,Einsteinregrettedmodifyinghiseleganttheoryandviewedthecosmologicalconstanttermashis'greatestmistake'.”（當(dāng)哈勃對附近星系的研究表明宇宙世界上是在膨脹中的時(shí)候，愛因斯坦遺憾地修改了他優(yōu)雅的理論并認(rèn)為宇宙常數(shù)是他最偉大的錯(cuò)誤）可知，文中不斷強(qiáng)調(diào)宇宙膨脹理論本可以更早被發(fā)現(xiàn)，但只是因?yàn)榕f有的觀念太牢固，人們不愿意接受新的觀念而導(dǎo)致了這一發(fā)現(xiàn)的延后。愛因斯坦在最后也不情愿地放棄了既有理論。所以短文主要是關(guān)于科學(xué)家不愿意放棄一個(gè)被廣泛接受的理論。故選C。2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Thediscoverythattheuniverseisexpandingwasoneofthegreatintellectualrevolutionsofthetwentiethcentury.Withhindsight(回過頭看)，itiseasytowonderwhynoonehadthoughtofitbefore.Newton,andothers,shouldhaverealizedthatastatic(靜止的)universewouldsoonstarttoshrinkundertheinfluenceofgravity.Butsupposeinsteadtheuniverseisexpanding”（宇宙正在膨脹的發(fā)現(xiàn)是二十世紀(jì)最偉大的智力革命之一。事后看來，人們很容易想知道為什么以前沒有人想到過這一點(diǎn)。牛頓和其他人應(yīng)該意識(shí)到，在引力的影響下，靜止的宇宙很快就會(huì)開始收縮。但是假設(shè)宇宙正在膨脹），由此判斷出，宇宙膨脹理論與十九世紀(jì)廣泛認(rèn)可的理論不同。故選A。3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“ThisbehavioroftheuniversecouldhavebeenpredictedfromNewton'stheoryofgravityatanytimeinthenineteenth,theeighteenth,oreventhelateseventeenthcenturies.”（這種宇宙行為本來能夠在十九世紀(jì)、十八世紀(jì)、甚至十七世紀(jì)晚期就能從牛頓的重力理論里被預(yù)測。）可知，牛頓本來可以在早些世紀(jì)中發(fā)現(xiàn)這一理論。故選D。4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒第二段第一句“Thisisabitlikewhathappenswhenonefiresarocketupwardfromthesurfaceoftheearth.”（這有點(diǎn)像一個(gè)人從地面點(diǎn)燃了火箭一樣）可知，推動(dòng)宇宙膨脹的力量與推動(dòng)火箭向上的力量相似。故選B。DLordRobertWinstonwassittingonatrain,whenhefoundhimselfbeingsteadilyangry.Winstonisnormallyafairlyamiableman.Whatwasdrivinghimslowlyinsanewastheparticularbehaviorofanotherpassenger.Ignoringthechildwithher,thewomanhadpickedupherphoneandbegunwhatwouldbeeaveryloudconversationfilledwithboringfacts.Winstondidtrytoignoreit,butthereissomethingfundamentallyunignorableaboutaloud,onesidedconversation.ItwasthenthatLordWinstonmadeamistake.Hebegantotweet(網(wǎng)上發(fā)aboutthewoman.Hetookphotosofherandsentthemouttohismorethan40,000followers.Whenthetrainhadfinallyarrivedatitsdestination,Winstonquicklyranoff.Hehadhadenoughofwhathedescribedasher"rudeness."Butthewomanfacedanunusualsurprise.ThepresshadpickeduponWinston'stweets.Theywerewaitingforherontheplatform.WhentheyexcitedlyshowedherWinston'smessages,thewoman'sfacefell,ShealsosuddenlyfoundherselfusingjustonewordtodescribeWinston'sactions:"rude".Wefindourselveslivingatatimeofincrediblerudeness.Socialmediahastaughttheworldthatitneedstohaveanopinion,oneverything,atalltimes.Realitytelevisionhastaughtustocelebratemeanness(不友好)，solongasthatmeannessisdeliveredas“honesty.”Sowhatcanwedoabouttherisingtideofrudeness?Winstonshoneaspotlightonthatwoman'sbehaviors,buthedidnotconfrontit,andhedidnotstopit.Instead,thatspotlightwasshoneweaklyfromafar,shamingherbytakinganalmostrudimentary(原始的)formofrevengeOften,thetricktohandlingrudenessisfarmoreelegant,andcanbedonewiththegentledeliveryofasentenceassimpleas“juststop."Whenweseeithappeninastore,wemuststepupandsay,"Juststop."Ifithappenstoacolleague,wemustpointtoutBecauseoncearudept12)shadthelookingglasshelduptothemandcanseetheiractionsthroughtheeyesofothers,theyarefarmorelikelytoendthatbehaviorthemselves.12.What'sthebesttitleofthisarticle?A.BeforeYouAreRude B.WhenSomeoneIsRudeC.IfTheyCanEndIt D.UnlessYouCanStopRudeness13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"amiable"mostprobablymean?A.selflessB.cooperativeC.mildmanneredD.openminded14.Whichofthefollowingdoestheauthoragreewith?A.Thewomanshouldn'thaveignoredWinston'sangeroverherbehavior.B.Winstonisactuallyasrudeasthewomanwithhisbehavior.C.Beingrudeiswidelyacceptedasbeinghonestinthesociety.D.Winstonshouldhavepointedoutthewoman'srudenesstoherface.15.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A.Toargueagainstapointofview.B.Tointroduceasocialphenomenon.C.Tooffersolutionstoasocialproblem.D.Toexpressconcernsoverasocialproblem.【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.C【解析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章講述Winston先生采取拍照上傳網(wǎng)絡(luò)的方式對一位婦女顯得無力粗魯?shù)男袨檫M(jìn)行報(bào)復(fù)與回?fù)?，但也使這位婦女受到了許多傷害的故事。論述了當(dāng)下人們越來越多的無禮、粗魯，并用粗魯回?fù)舸拄數(shù)默F(xiàn)象?！?2題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，特別是最后一段“Becauseoncearudepersonhashadthelookingglasshelduptothemandcanseetheiractionsthroughtheeyesofothers,theyarefarmorelikelytoendthatbehaviorthemselves.(因?yàn)橐坏┮粋€(gè)粗魯?shù)娜税宴R子舉在自己面前，可以通過他人的眼睛看到他們的行為，他們就更有可能結(jié)束自己的行為。)”可知，作者講述了人們在面對別人做出無禮行為時(shí)應(yīng)該做出的反應(yīng)與態(tài)度。所以“WhenSomeoneIsRude(當(dāng)有人粗魯?shù)臅r(shí)候)”作為文章標(biāo)題最為合適。故選B?！?3題詳解】詞義猜測題。結(jié)合上下文可知，此處描寫的應(yīng)該是Winston先生平日里通常的行為做法，與現(xiàn)在應(yīng)形成對比反差。根據(jù)“LordRobertWinstonwassittingonatrain,whenhefoundhimselfbeingsteadilyangry.”可知，而現(xiàn)在的Winston先生處于“持續(xù)生氣”的狀態(tài)中，說明其平日里是行為十分溫和的人。所以amiable為“溫和的”之意。故選C?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Instead,thatspotlightwasshoneweaklyfromafar,shamingherbytakinganalmostrudimentary(原始的)formofrevengeOften,thetricktohandlingrudenessisfarmoreelegant,andcanbedonewiththegentledeliveryofasentenceassimpleas“juststop."”可知，相反，Winston把那個(gè)女人的行為暴露在聚光燈之下，這幾乎是用一種最原始的報(bào)復(fù)方式來羞辱她，對付粗魯?shù)募记梢獌?yōu)雅得多，只需輕輕地說出一句簡單的話“不要這樣做”，由此可知，作者認(rèn)為Winston應(yīng)當(dāng)面指出那個(gè)婦女的錯(cuò)誤，故選D。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Becauseoncearudepersonhashadthelookingglasshelduptothemandcanseetheiractionsthroughtheeyesofothers,theyarefarmorelikelytoendthatbehaviorthemselves.(因?yàn)橐坏┮粋€(gè)粗魯?shù)娜税宴R子舉在自己面前，可以通過他人的眼睛看到他們的行為，他們就更有可能結(jié)束自己的行為。)”可知，作者在文末強(qiáng)烈傳達(dá)了自己的觀點(diǎn)，以及對于上文提及的社會(huì)現(xiàn)象，作者認(rèn)為的解決方案，即不要用無禮回?fù)魺o禮，而應(yīng)該先及時(shí)制止。即文章的目的是為社會(huì)問題提供解決方案。A與文意不符，B、D項(xiàng)概括不夠全面。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題分，滿分分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多于選項(xiàng)。LookinwardforbettercareeradviceSometimesweturntoothersforadviceonmajorcareerdecisions.___16___WarrenBuffet’sfatherdiscouragedhimfromenteringthesecurities(證券)business.WaltDisney’sbrotherandwifebothtriedtotalkhimoutofmakingSnowWhite.Whydoessomuchcareeradviceendupbeingmisguided?___17___Weoftenlistentothewrongsources.I’vewatchedmanystudentsrelyontheirparentsandgrandparentsforguidance,forgettingthattheywereraisedinanareawhenitwasmontospendanentirecareerinoneorganization.Whataboutgoingtopeoplewhoarequalifiedtogiveadvice?___18___Advisersoftenfocustooheavilyontheirpersonalpreferencesandexperiencesratherthantakeourperspective(視角)。Atsomepoint,youhaveprobablynoticedthatyou’rewiserwhengivingadvicetoothersthanyouareinmakingdecisionsforyourself.You’renotalone.Itoftenhappensbecausewehavemoredistancefromotherpeople’sproblemsthanourown.___19___Sureenough,psychologistsfindthatourreasoningbeeswiserwhenwethinkaboutourownproblemsfromathirdpersonperspective.Advisingothersdoesn’tjusthelpusmakebetterdecisions,butitalsoleavesusmoremotivatedtofollowthrough.Inoneexperiment,itwasexpectedpeopleweremoremotivatedwhenreceivingthangivingadvice.___20___Itwaspeoplewhogaveadvicewhobecamemoremotivated.Ifyouwanttogetbettercareeradvice,youcanstartbyreflectingonwhatyouwouldtellsomeoneelsewithasimilarquestion.Listentotheadviceyougivetoothers.It’susuallytheadviceyouneedtotakeyourself.Anditmightbethebestwaytomotivateyourself,too.A.However,sometimeswemakedecisionsdependingonourselves.B.Buttheoppositewastrue.C.Buttheymaydirectusinthewrongdirection.D.It’snoguaranteethattheywillknowwhat’srightforus.E.Butitwaseasiersaidthandone.F.Theproblemmaystartwithwhoweapproachforadvice.G.Thelessonhereisthatoneofthemosteffectivewaystogetbetteradviceistogiveit.【答案】16.C17.F18.D19.G20.B【解析】本文是說明文。文章闡述了我們在征求別人意見的利與弊和背后的原因，以及我們很有可能擅長于給他人建議而不是給自己提建議?！?6題詳解】下文“WarrenBuffet’sfatherdiscouragedhimfromenteringthesecuritiesbusiness.WaltDisney’sbrotherandwifebothtriedtotalkhimoutofmakingSnowWnite.(沃倫·巴菲特父親阻止他進(jìn)入證券市場生意。沃爾特迪斯尼的哥哥和妻子都試圖說服他不要?jiǎng)?chuàng)造白雪公主)”與第二段“Whydoessomuchcareeradviceendupbeingmisguided?(為什么這么多的職業(yè)建議最終都被誤導(dǎo)了?)”可知，作者舉例說明，巴菲特和沃爾特迪斯尼做重大決定前，曾經(jīng)向他們的親人尋求建議，接著又談到了，很多職業(yè)建議最終被誤導(dǎo)了，作者在該空要闡述的是：別人的建議不一定是正確的，他們可能會(huì)把我們引向錯(cuò)誤的方向。因此，C項(xiàng)“Buttheymaydirectusinthewrongdirection.(但他們可能會(huì)把我們引向錯(cuò)誤的方向)”承上啟下，選項(xiàng)中的“they”與上文中的others相呼應(yīng)，故選C項(xiàng)。【17題詳解】下文“Weoftenlistentothewrongsources.I’vewatchedmanystudentsrelyontheirparentsandgrandparentsforguidance,forgettingthattheywereraisedinanareawhenitwasmontospendanentirecareerinoneorganization.(我們經(jīng)常聽錯(cuò)誤的消息來源。我看到很多學(xué)生依賴父母和祖父母的指導(dǎo)，卻忘記了他們是在一個(gè)地方長大，那時(shí)候他們的整個(gè)職業(yè)生涯都是在一個(gè)組織里度過是很常見的)”可知，很多學(xué)生愿意依賴于依賴父母和祖父母的建議指導(dǎo)，但是，卻忽略了自己與這些長輩們的成長環(huán)境不同，他們給的建議不一定對自己是適用的，很多職業(yè)建議被誤導(dǎo)源于向誰尋求建議。因此，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“Theproblemmaystartwithwhoweapproachforadvice.(問題可能從我們向誰尋求建議開始)”承上啟下，選項(xiàng)中的who與下文的parents與grandparents形成呼應(yīng)，故選F項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】下文“Advisersoftenfocustooheavilyontheirpersonalpreferencesandexperiencesratherthantakeourperspective”可知，職業(yè)顧問往往過于注重個(gè)人偏好和經(jīng)驗(yàn)，而不是從我們的角度出發(fā)，因此，職業(yè)顧問的建議也有可能造成誤導(dǎo)，他們的建議不一定適合我們。因此，D選項(xiàng)“It’snoguaranteethattheywillknowwhat’srightforus.(不能保證他們所知道的適合我們)”承上啟下，選項(xiàng)中的“noguarantee”與下文“ratherthanourperspectives”想呼應(yīng)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上一句“Atsomepoint,youhaveprobablynoticedthatyou’rewiserwhengivingadvicetoothersthanyouareinmakingdecisionsforyourself.(在某種程度上，你可能已經(jīng)注意到，給別人建議比自己做決定更明智)”與下一句“Sureenough,psychologistsfindthatourreasoningbeeswiserwhenwethinkaboutourownproblemsfromathirdpersonperspective.(果然，心理學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)我們從第三者的角度思考自己的問題時(shí)，我們的推理會(huì)變得更加明智)”可知，人們處在第三者的角度，給別人建議時(shí)，推理會(huì)變得更加明智。因此，給出建議與別人討論，站在第三者的角度來考慮自己的建議，是獲得更好建議的最有效方法。G選項(xiàng)“Thelessonhereisthatoneofthemosteffectivewaystogetbetteradviceistogiveit.(這里的經(jīng)驗(yàn)是，獲得更好建議的最有效方法之一就是給出建議)”切題。選項(xiàng)中的“get”與上文“giving”想呼應(yīng)。故選G項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】上一句“Inoneexperiment,itwasexpectedpeopleweremoremotivatedwhenreceivingthangivingadvice.(在人們的經(jīng)驗(yàn)中，人們在接受建議時(shí)比給出建議時(shí)更有動(dòng)力)”與下一句“Itwaspeoplewhogaveadvicewhobecamemoremotivated.(提供建議的人變得更有動(dòng)力)”可知，前后兩句句意轉(zhuǎn)折，因此，B項(xiàng)“Buttheoppositewastrue.(但是，但事實(shí)恰恰相反)”承上啟下，說明事實(shí)上并非接受建議的人更有動(dòng)力，相反是提供建議的人變得更有動(dòng)力。故選B項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Assoonasthewordsleftmymouth,IknewI'dmadeamistake.“YouthinkJaneAustenis...___21___?”themanoppositemeaskedindisbelief.Then,heandhiscolleaguetookturnsto___22___myclaim.“Ijustmean…”Isaidinabrightvoice,inordertokeepthetone___23___,“thatshe'snotasbitingasVirginiaWoolf.”Thetwoprofessors,likeacoupleofcatstoyingwitha___24___bird,gavespecificexamplesofhowAusten'sworkwas,___25___,morebiting.Withnomoreactiontotake,Isimplysmiledandsaid,“Let'sjustagreetodisagree,shallwe?”Andatthatmoment,mydreamsofgoingtoOxfordUniversityPartofmyproblemwasa___27___ofconfidence.EventhoughIwasastraightAstudentandhadpreparedfortheinterviewtothebestofmyability,Iwasn'taskilled___28___.WhenfacedwithtwoexpertswhotoldmethatIwaswrong,insteadof___29___myself,Irolledoverandaccepted____30____.So,monthslater,Ialreadyknewthe____31____ofmythinenvelopewhenitappearedonmydoormat.____32____,Ifeltapangofdisappointment.However,failingmyOxfordinterviewprovideda____33____lifelesson.I'mnowmoreconfidentofmyopinions,andItryto____34____mypointswithhardevidence.What'smore,Ihaveneversince____35____adiscussionbygivingasimperingsmileandsaying,“Let'sjustagreetodisagree,shallwe?”21.A.noble B.soft C.beautiful D.clumsy22.A.appreciate B.submit C.challenge D.substitute23.A.pleasing B.serious C.low D.light24.A.frightened B.brave C.fragile D.naughty25.A.onthecontrary B.bynomeans C.forexample D.beyondexpectation26.A.developed B.arrived C.disappeared D.shifted27.A.matter B.lack. C.sense D.kind28.A.debater B.learner C.fighter D.educator29.A.expressing B.behaving C.defending D.identifying30.A.truth B.advice C.prejudice D.defeat31.A.details B.spirits C.contents D.statistics32A.Frequently B.Originally C.Absolutely D.Naturally33.A.typical B.valuable C.miserable D.temporary34.A.makeup B.takeup C.pickup D.backup35.A.ended B.mended C.attended D.extended【答案】21.B22.C23.D24.A25.A26.C27.B28.A29.C30.D31.C32.D33.B34.D35.A【解析】這是一篇記敘文。記敘了作者去劍橋大學(xué)面試時(shí)自己的觀點(diǎn)受到質(zhì)疑，但當(dāng)時(shí)自己缺乏自信，所以沒有進(jìn)行辯論，并沒能被錄取。但是從此以后，作者吸取教訓(xùn)，變得更加自信?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我對面的男人懷疑地問：“你認(rèn)為JaneAusten柔和？”。A.noble高尚的；B.soft軟弱的，柔和的；C.beautiful美麗的；D.clumsy笨拙的。后文提到作者覺得自己說錯(cuò)話了，且第二段中提到“notasbiting(尖銳)as”可知此處作者說的是簡奧斯丁的寫作風(fēng)格柔和。故選B。22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，他和他的同事輪流對我的說法提出質(zhì)疑。A.appreciate欣賞；B.submit服從；C.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；D.substitute代替。上文提到作者知道自己說錯(cuò)話了，對面的男人也表達(dá)出了他的難以置信，可知，這里是他們輪番挑戰(zhàn)作者的言論并和作者辯論，因此選challenge。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“我的意思是……”為了保持輕松的語氣，我用一種輕快的聲音說：“她不像VirginiaWoolf那樣尖酸刻薄?！盇.pleasing令人愉快的；B.serious嚴(yán)肅的；C.low低的；D.light輕的。根據(jù)前面用的是“Ijustmean”，而且作者也知道說錯(cuò)了，因此是作者因心虛而想使語調(diào)聽起來輕松，照應(yīng)前面的brightvoice，因此是light。low只是音量低，不合語境。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：相反地，這兩位教授就像兩只貓?jiān)谕媾恢皇荏@的鳥，舉了具體的例子來說明奧斯丁的作品是如何尖刻。A.frightened受驚的，害怕的；B.brave勇敢的；C.fragile脆弱的；D.naughty淘氣的。根據(jù)下文作者沒有再說什么來辯解，下一段也描述了自己的不自信，而且這里toywith表示“玩弄”，可知，這里是將牛津的教授比作貓，而作者像一只受驚的（frightened）小鳥。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查固定短語辨析。句意：相反地，這兩位教授就像兩只貓?jiān)谕媾恢皇荏@的鳥，舉了具體的例子來說明奧斯丁的作品是如何尖刻。A.onthecontrary正相反；B.bynomeans決不；C.forexample例如；D.beyondexpectation出乎意料。根據(jù)作者前面說覺得Austen不如VirginiaWoolf尖銳可知，相反，教授們向作者舉例證明Austen更尖