2023高考英語(yǔ)二輪專題復(fù)習(xí)與測(cè)試專題強(qiáng)化練五推理判斷題-文章出處類

專題強(qiáng)化練(五)推理判斷題——文章出處類A(2022·湖北十一校高三第一次聯(lián)考)Asmallbutshiningsilverlining：ThecoronavirushasquickenedtheshifttopedalpowerinEurope.TheGermanNationalCyclists'Association(GNCA)reportsthatGermansacrossthecountryarespendingtwiceasmuchtimebikingastheywerebeforetheCOVID-19.Thereisgrowingdemandforbikesandsharedbikesubscriptions，andnowevenshortagesthroughoutthebicyclesupplychain.Forbikeshopsit'sanunexpectedboom.Thedemandissomuchthatitrequirescitiestoimprovetheirbikingfacilities.Inunimaginednumbers，bikesarestartingtotaketheplaceofcarsinourcities.Ithasincreased930milesofnewbikelanes(車(chē)道)inEurope，“musclingasidecarsonEurope'scitystreets，”accordingtoEuropeanCyclistsFederation.Belgium，Denmark，andtheNetherlandsarepioneeringfastlanesforriders.“Pop-uplanes”arebeingusedforbikesinBerlinandParis；Romehaspaintednewbikelanes，ineachcasetakingawaylanesfromcars.Womenridersarereportedlyanotherbigfactorinthebikingtransformation.E-bikesare，too.E-bikesuseanonboardbatterytoboostpowerwhentheriderisgoingupahill，orjustneedsarest.E-bikeshaveremoved“thesweatfactor”．Whowantstoshowuptoworkoratapartysweaty?EuropeanCyclists'FederationstatesthatbikesarealsostronglysupportedbyEuropeangovernmentstocutcarbonandincreasethequalityoftheircities.Europeancountriesprovidedirectfinancialstimulationforcyclists.AttheendofApril，F(xiàn)ranceannounceda20-million-europlantopromotecyclingaftertheendofthelockdown.Theplanincludes50eurovouchers(代幣券)fortherepairofabike.ItalyworkedonaregulationfortherecoveryfromtheCOVID-19，bymeansofwhich120millioneurowassetasidetocover70%andupto500euroofthepriceofconventional，muscle-poweredandelectricbikes.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。新冠肺炎疫情促使歐洲自行車(chē)和共享單車(chē)的需求暴增。為減少碳排放、提升城市質(zhì)量，許多國(guó)家不但增設(shè)自行車(chē)道，還實(shí)行了一系列經(jīng)濟(jì)刺激措施，促進(jìn)自行車(chē)的使用。1．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Theimpactofthepandemiconpeople'slife.B．ThebicycleindustryboomsinEurope.C．Thepreferenceforbicyclesglobally.D．Theshiftinchoiceofpublictransport.解析：主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，第一段中的“Thecoronavirus...inEurope”是全文的主旨句，結(jié)合下文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了新冠肺炎疫情下歐洲自行車(chē)產(chǎn)業(yè)蓬勃發(fā)展的情況。答案：B2．HowmanyfactorscontributetothegrowingdemandforbikesinEurope?A．Two. B．Three.C．Four. D．Five.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通讀全文可知，文章首段提出報(bào)道主題：新冠肺炎疫情下，歐洲自行車(chē)產(chǎn)業(yè)蓬勃發(fā)展。接著用四個(gè)段落分別介紹了四個(gè)因素：第二段介紹了多個(gè)國(guó)家增設(shè)自行車(chē)道；第三段介紹了女性騎手的增加；第四段介紹了歐洲各國(guó)政府的支持；第五段介紹了多國(guó)制定的對(duì)新冠肺炎疫情后騎自行車(chē)等鍛煉項(xiàng)目的資助。答案：C3．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．MeasureshavebeentakentoencourageEuropeanstousebikes.B．E-bikesbecomepopularwithEuropeansbecausetheyarelazy.C．MorewomeninEuropechoosetogotoworkbybikethanmen.D．FinancialsupportisthemainreasonwhyEuropeanschoosebikes.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容可知，歐洲許多國(guó)家增設(shè)自行車(chē)道；根據(jù)第四段中的“Europeancountries...forcyclists”可知，歐洲許多國(guó)家為騎自行車(chē)的人提供直接的經(jīng)濟(jì)刺激。據(jù)此可推知，歐洲許多國(guó)家采取措施，鼓勵(lì)歐洲人騎自行車(chē)。答案：A4．Whereisthepassageprobablytakenfrom?A．Aguidebook. B．Abusinessplan.C．Asciencereport. D．Anewspaper.解析：文章出處題。根據(jù)文章首句中的“Asmallbutshiningsilverlining”和第三段中的“Womenridersarereportedly...bikingtransformation”可知，本文屬于新聞報(bào)道。答案：DB(2022·長(zhǎng)沙新高考適應(yīng)性考試)TheStateoftheWorld'sTreesreport，publishedrecentlybyBotanicGardensConservationInternational(BGCI)，foundthat17，500treespecies—orabout30%oftheplanet'stotalspecies—areatriskofdyingout，with440specieshavingfewerthan50individualsleftinthewild.Atleast142treespeciesarerecordedasextinct(已滅絕的)intheirnaturalhomes.Inastatement，BGCISecretaryGeneralPaulSmithsaid，“Thisreportisawake-upcalltoeveryonearoundtheworldthattreesneedhelp.”Besides，accordingtoSmith，somemostat-risktreesarecommonlyfoundinSoutheastAsianrainforests.Itisalsofoundthatthousandsofkindsoftreesintheworld'stopsixcountriesfortreespeciesdiversityareatriskofextinction.Accordingtothereport，Madagascarhastheworld'shighestnumberofthreatenedtreespecies(1，842)，followedbyBrazil(1，788species)andIndonesia(1，306species)．“Treeshelpsupportthenaturalenvironmentandareconsideredimportantforfightingglobalwarmingandclimatechange.Theextinctionofevenasingletreespeciescouldmeanagreatloss，whichhasaneffectonbothmillionsofotherspeciesthatdependontreesandpeopleallovertheworld，”Smithsaid.Thereportsaidthetopthreethreatsfacedbytreespeciesarecropproduction，deforestation，andlivestockfarming(畜牧)．Climatechangeandextremeweatheralsoaddthreatstotreespecies.Atleast180treespeciesaredirectlythreatenedbyrisingsealevelsandthesevereweather，thereportadded.Itnotedthatislandtreespeciesaremoreatriskthanothertrees.Thisisparticularlyaconcernbecausemanyislandshavespeciesoftreesthatcanbefoundnowhereelse，thereportsaid.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了國(guó)際植物園保護(hù)聯(lián)盟發(fā)布的關(guān)于瀕危樹(shù)種的一項(xiàng)新報(bào)告。該報(bào)告介紹了瀕危樹(shù)種的種類數(shù)量、分布地區(qū)以及這種情況產(chǎn)生的原因。5．WhydoestheauthorusestatisticsinParagraph1?A．Toprovethereliabilityofthereport.B．Torevealthenumberoftreespecies.C．Toshowthethoroughnessofthereport.D．Topresenttheurgencyoftreeconservation.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的數(shù)據(jù)可以看出17500個(gè)樹(shù)種(約占世界樹(shù)種總量的30%)都有滅絕的危險(xiǎn)，其中440個(gè)樹(shù)種僅剩不到50棵，至少142個(gè)樹(shù)種在其天然生長(zhǎng)地已不復(fù)存在。由此可推知，作者使用這些數(shù)據(jù)是為了說(shuō)明樹(shù)木保護(hù)的緊迫性，故選D。答案：D6．WhatdoesSmithmainlywanttotellus?A．Everytreespeciescountsformuch.B．Brazilhasthegreatesttreespeciesdiversity.C．ThetreesinSoutheastAsiasufferthemost.D．Themostat-risktreesarethemostimportant.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Theextinctionofevenasingletreespecies...andpeopleallovertheworld”可知，即使是單一樹(shù)種的滅絕也可能意味著巨大的損失，這對(duì)全世界數(shù)百萬(wàn)依賴樹(shù)木的其他物種和人類都有影響。由此可推知，任何一個(gè)樹(shù)種都關(guān)系重大，故選A。答案：A7．Whatputsislandtreespeciesinariskiercondition?A．Humanactivities. B．Climatechange.C．Extremeweather. D．Speciallivingplaces.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Itnotedthatislandtreespecies...canbefoundnowhereelse”可知，很多島嶼上都有獨(dú)特的樹(shù)種，這些樹(shù)種只生長(zhǎng)在島嶼上。也就是說(shuō)生長(zhǎng)地的特殊性使得生長(zhǎng)在島嶼上的樹(shù)種更加危險(xiǎn)。答案：D8．Inwhichpartofanewspapercanweseethistext?A．Opinion. B．Agriculture.C．Environment. D．Education.解析：文章出處題。綜觀全文可知，本文主要介紹了一個(gè)關(guān)于瀕危樹(shù)種的報(bào)告，因此，本文應(yīng)出自報(bào)紙的自然或環(huán)境版塊，故選C。答案：CCIn2020，comparedwiththepreviousyear'sfilmmarket，thepopularityofdomesticfilmsthisyearimproved，thethemesweremorediverse，andthecoveragewasmoreextensive.Herearesomeofthetop10domesticboxofficemoviesin2020.TheEightHundredItisbasedontheBattleofSonghuin1937andtellsthestoryofacampoftheChineseNationalRevolutionaryArmyanditsadherenceinShanghai.Tostrengthenthemomentum，theactual400peoplewaschangedto800people.The“800heroes”foughthardforfourdaysanditwasn'tuntil30OctoberthattheywereorderedtowithdrawtotheBritishconcession(租界)．ThefilmwasreleasedinChinesemainlandon21August，withatotalboxofficeof3.09billionyuan($472.39million)by25October.LeapThefilmtellsthestoryofChina'swomen'svolleyballteam'slifeanddeathbattlefromitsfirstWorldChampionshipin1981tothe2016RioOlympicGames.Italsotellsthelegendofseveralgenerationsofwomen'svolleyballplayerswhohaveexperiencedsetbacksbutremainedindomitable(不屈不撓的)andconstantlystruggling.Thefilmwasreleasedon25Septemberwithatotalboxofficeof827.37millionyuan($126.43million)by8November.LoveYouForeverAyoungdancerfindsLinGe'sdiarywhilerescuingtheelderlytheatremanager.Inthediary，theoldmanwithwhitehairislikeherbestfriend.Tofulfillhispromise，LinGegoesbacktothepast，correctshismistakesandsaveshislove.However，heisteasedbyfateandcannotbesatisfied.Thefilmwasreleasedon25August，withatotalboxofficeof510.1millionyuan($76.57million)by27September.CoffeeorTea?IttellsthestoryofthreeyoungpeoplewithdifferentpersonalitieswhoreturntoanancientvillageinYunnanfromabigcitytostarttheirownbusiness.Theyunderstandthee-commercegoingtothecountrysideisnotonlytosellthingsinthecitytothecountryside，butalsotosellthingsfromthecountryside.Theychangeeveryonewithsincerityandstartanextraordinaryjourney.Thefilmw