中國(guó)菜肴的翻譯教案

PAGEPAGE4中國(guó)菜肴的翻譯（教案）一．中國(guó)菜常用主料：plainrice白飯ricenoodles米粉beancurd豆腐pork豬肉beef牛肉mutton羊肉rabbitmeat/conymeat兔肉chicken雞肉duck鴨肉abalone鮑魚saltedjellyfish海蜇皮seacucumber海參seaweed海帶sharkfin魚翅prawn明蝦lobster龍蝦shrimp小蝦preservedmeat臘肉crabmeat蟹肉frog田雞egg雞蛋二．中國(guó)菜常用輔料lard豬油salt鹽sauce醬vinegar醋chili辣椒garlic蒜garlicbulb蒜頭chive,shallot蔥ginger姜fennel茴香gourmetpowder味精sugar糖mustard芥茉tomatoketchup/sauce番茄醬barbequesauce沙茶醬caviar魚子醬seasoning調(diào)味品peanutoil花生油soysauce醬油essenceofchicken雞精paprika紅椒scallops干貝curry咖喱pepper胡椒scallion,leek青蔥,韭菜三．中國(guó)菜常用蔬菜：mustardleaf芥菜lettuce生菜spinach菠菜caraway香菜hair-likeseaweed發(fā)菜bambooshoot竹筍driedbambooshoot筍干chives韭黃cabbage圓白菜,卷心菜leek韭菜celery芹菜lettuce萵苣materconvolvulus空心菜driedlilyflower金針菜cauliflower菜花,花椰菜tomato番茄,西紅柿onion洋蔥asparagus蘆筍cucumber黃瓜eggplant茄子potato馬鈴薯carrot胡蘿卜pumpkin西葫蘆,南瓜melon香瓜,甜瓜loofah絲瓜bittergourd苦瓜radish蘿卜greenpepper青椒lotusroot蓮藕mushroom蘑菇needlemushroom金針菇buttonmushroom草菇champignon香菇driedmushroom冬菇agarics木耳whitefungus白木耳taro芋頭yam山芋pea豌豆stringbean四季豆greensoybean毛豆beansprout豆芽soybeansprout黃豆芽mungbeansprout綠豆芽四．中國(guó)菜常見(jiàn)小吃及開(kāi)胃菜：steamedbread饅頭meatbun肉包子soya-beanmilk豆?jié){shao-mai燒麥preservedbeancurd腐乳pickledcucumbers醬瓜preservedegg皮蛋saltedduckegg咸鴨蛋omelets煎蛋卷poachedegg荷包蛋scrambleeggs炒蛋crispyrice鍋巴gruel,softrice,porridge粥noodleswithgravy打鹵面plainnoodle陽(yáng)春面barbecuedpork叉燒milletcongee小米粥teameddumpling蒸餃ravioli/wonton餛飩friedporkflakes肉松fermentedblankbean豆豉driedbeefslices牛肉片driedporkslices豬肉片driedturnip蘿卜干springroll春卷riceglueball元宵gluepudding湯圓frieddumpling煎貼beancurdwithodor臭豆腐ricecake年糕driedbeancurd豆腐干deep-friedflourstick油條五．中國(guó)菜常見(jiàn)刀工：切/削：cutting切片：slicing切絲：shredding切碎：mincing切?。篸icing切柳：filleting去骨：boning去皮：skinning/peeling刮鱗：scaling剁末：mashing刻/雕：carving釀：stuffing腌：pickling/salting浸/泡：marinating去殼：shelling斬/剁塊：chopping六．中國(guó)菜常用烹調(diào)方法：炒：stir-frying煎：pan-frying爆：quick-frying炸：deep-frying干炸：drydeep-frying軟炸：softdeep-frying酥炸：crispdeep-frying燒：braising煮：boiling蒸：steaming燉/煨/燜：simmering/stewing熏：smoking烘/烤：baking/broiling/grilling/roasting/basting白灼：scalding鹵：spicing拌：mixing涮：instant-boiling七．中國(guó)菜肴名稱的翻譯方法：（一）以主料開(kāi)頭的翻譯方法1介紹菜肴的主料和輔料：公式：主料(形狀)+(with)輔料例：杏仁雞丁chickencubeswithalmond牛肉豆腐beefwithbeancurd西紅柿炒蛋Scrambledeggwith

tomato

2介紹菜肴的主料和味汁：公式：主料(形狀)+(with,in)味汁例：芥末鴨掌duckwebswithmustardsauce蔥油雞chickeninScallionoil米酒魚卷fishrollswithricewine（二）以烹制方法開(kāi)頭的翻譯方法1介紹菜肴的烹法和主料：公式：烹法+主料(形狀)例：軟炸里脊soft-friedporkfillet烤乳豬roastsucklingpig炒鱔片Stir-friedeelslices2介紹菜肴的烹法和主料、輔料公式：烹法+主料(形狀)+(with)輔料例：仔姜燒雞條braisedchickenfilletwithtenderginger3介紹菜肴的烹法、主料和味汁：公式：烹法+主料(形狀)+(with,in)味汁例：紅燒牛肉braisedbeefwithbrownsauce魚香肉絲friedshreddedporkwithSweetandsoursauce清燉豬蹄stewedpighoofincleansoup注：如果菜中有湯，在翻譯時(shí)要根據(jù)菜中湯料的多少區(qū)別對(duì)待。通常采用兩種模式翻譯：如果湯少，僅是汁狀，則：主料with湯汁如：茄汁牛肉FriedBeefwithTomatoSauce如果湯多呈稀湯狀，則：主料in稀湯如：鹵炸乳鴿子Deep-friedPigeoninSpicedSauce羅定豆豉雞Luodingstylebraisechickeninbeansauce辣子雞丁Stirfrychickendiceswithhotchili鮑汁百靈菇Stirfrymushroomwithabalonesauce紅蔥頭豬俐Stirfrypig’stonguewithonion鹽焗腎片SaltKidneyPieces蒜香骨Garlictastyspareribs栗干炆雞Stewchickenwithchestnut川汁雞球Sichuanstylechickenmeatball醬爆雙脆Soysaucefrydoublecracking水煮牛肉Poachbeefwithhotchili鮮魷讓鯪魚膠Squidwithfishstuffing豆腐魚頭煲BoilFishHeadwithbeancurd豉汁蒸排骨/魚Steamspareribs/fishwithblackbeansauce豉油王鵝腸Stirfrygooseintestineswithsoysauce姜蔥爆牛肉Stirfrybeefwithgingerandshallot黑椒炒牛肉Stirfrybeefwithblackpepper茶樹菇蒸牛柳Steambeefandmushroom醬爆牛柳Stirfrybeefinbeansauce剁椒魚頭Stirfryfishheadwithchoppedhotchili生炒骨/酸甜排骨Sweetandsourspareribs老壇子Oldcrock海味什錦煲Stewseafoodcombinationinclaypot泰式鳳爪Thailandstylechickenfeet回鍋肉Sichuanstylestewpork梅菜蒸肉片Steamportwithpreservedvegetable西汁雞扒Chickenwithwesternsauce鮮淮山炆排骨Stewspareribswithyam翠玉蘭花Stirfrybroccoli酸茄黃金釀Brewsweetandsoureggplant雙菇扒菜膽略Stirfrymushrooms牛肉炒蛋Stirfrybeefandegg涼瓜炒牛肉Stirfrybeefwithbittermelon竹笙釀?dòng)褚築rewbambooShootwithwine金華娃娃菜Stirfrybabycabbage尖椒牛肉Stirfrybeefwithhotchili蘆筍炒牛肉Stirfrybeefandasparagus西蘭花超魷魚Stirfrysquidandbroccoli西芹炒臘味StirfrypreservedhamandceleryXO醬爆魷魚StirfrysquidinXOsauce韭菜花炒銀魚Stirfrywhitebaitwithchives土豆炒肉片Stirfryporkwithpotato煲淋大芥菜Leafmustardinsoup三色蒸蛋Steameggs絲瓜炒肉片/豬肝/豬什Stirfrypork/liver/bowelswithgourd潮式大芥菜肉碎Chaozhoustylemustardleafandmincedpork豆豉鯪魚炒時(shí)蔬Stirfryfishandvegetableinblackbeansauce節(jié)瓜蝦米粉絲煲Stewdriedshrimps,vermicelliandmeloninclaypot涼瓜炒肉片Stirfryporkwithbittermelon酸豆角炒肉碎Stirfrymincedporkwithpicklebean菜甫煎蛋Fryeggwithvegetable榨菜肉絲韭黃Stirfryporkwithpicklevegetableandleek上湯油菜Boilvegetableinchickenstock鹽水菜芯Boilvegetableinsaltywater廣州炒飯GuangzhouFryRice白玉藏珍’Treasureshidesinwhitejade麻婆豆腐Sichuanstylebeancurd涼瓜炒蛋FryEggswithbittenmelon炒油菜Stirfryvegetable茄子煲Steweggplantclaypot蒜蓉炒絲瓜Stirfrygourdwithgarlic虎皮尖椒TigerSkinfrypepper辣椒圈炒蛋Stirfryegginhotchili酸辣土豆絲Chiliandsourpotato干炒牛河Dryfryricenoodleswithbeef肉片炒面Stirfrynoodleswithpork齋湯面Vegetariannoodlesoup豆豉爆辣椒圈Stirfryhotchiliwithbeansauce老火例湯Soupoftheday豆腐魚頭湯Fishheadandbeancurdsoup番茄豆腐湯Tomatoandbeancurdsoup紫菜蛋花湯Laverandeggsoup椰子燉雞Braisechickenincoconut土茯苓煲龜Tortoisewithtuckahoesoup單尾品種SnacksandDesserts榴蓮酥DurianCrispNosh叉燒酥BarbecuedPorkCrispNosh蘿卜酥TurnipCrispNosh蛋撻Eggcustardnosh咸甜薄撐Salt/Sweetpancake潮式煎餅Chaozhoustylepancake番茨餅Sweetpotatopancake黃金餅Goldencake蔥油餅Shallotpancake香煎生肉包Friedmincedporkbun鴛鴦饅頭Assortedsteamedbun炸饅頭Friedbun梅菜扣肉porkwithpreservedvegetable咸魚蒸肉餅steamedmincedporkwithsaltfish醬炸里脊丁sautédicedporkfilletwithbrownsauce鮮筍火腿hamwithfreshbambooshoots紅燒豬蹄braisedporkleg麻辣豬肚pigtripewithchilisauce雙片鍋巴slicedmeatandliverwithfriedricecrust豆豉排骨porkchopswithbeansauce糖醋排骨porkchopswithsweetandsoursauce宮保肉丁sautéporkcubeletswithhotpepper麻辣白肉meatwithcayennepepper紅燒蹄筋braisedporktendons紅燒獅子頭meatballsbraisedwithbrownsauce糖粉酥肉friedcrispporksliceswithsugarpowder烤乳豬roastedsucklingpig脆皮鍋酥肉friedcrisppork腐乳燉肉stewedporkwithpreservedbeancurd紅燒扣肉braisedporkslicesinsoysauce蔥爆肉quick-friedporkandscallions咕嚕肉sweetandsourpork荷葉粉蒸肉steamedporkwithriceflavorinlotusleaves回鍋肉doublecookedporkslices陳皮牛肉beefwithorangepeel烤羊肉串muttonshashlik涮羊肉rinse-mutton/muttonslicesrinsedinchafingdish紅燒羊肉muttonbraisedinbrownsauce湯類：清湯consommé羹chowder老火湯double-stewedsoup連鍋湯porkandradishsoup三鮮湯threefreshdelicaciessoup五滋湯five-flavoredmuttonsoup魚翅湯shark’sfinsoup干貝湯scallopsoup八珍蛇羹snakepotagewitheightdelicacies八寶冬瓜盅stewedwhitegourdsoupwitheightingredients人參燉烏雞ginsengandblackhensoup紫菜蛋花湯lavereggsoup竹筍鮮蘑湯soupwithbambooshootsandfreshmush清燉冬菇湯mushroomsoup廬山石耳湯Mt.Lushanstonefungussoup火鴨芥菜湯slicedroast蘆筍雞茸湯mashedchickenandasparagussoup豆苗鞭蓉蛋湯consomméofsnoweggwithbeansprouts錦江拼盆horsd’oeuversJinjiangstyle蝴蝶冷盆butterfly-shapedappetizer什錦冷盤assortedappetizer太極八卦eight-diagram-shapedappetizer鹵雞珍肝spicedchickenliverandgizzard鹵牛肉shreddedboiledporkmeat鹵雞雜spicychickengiblets鹽水鴨肫saltedduckgizzards鴨翅膀duckwingtips拌鴨掌coldduckweb芥末鴨掌duckflipperswithmustardsauce五香花生仁spicedpeanuts開(kāi)洋熗刀豆sautéswordbeanswithdriedshrimps泡辣菜pickledhotvegetables冷拌粉皮coldvermicelliwithmustardandmeatshreds醉蟹winepreservedcrabs咸水蝦boiledshrimpswithsalt紅油肚片slicedporktripeinhotchilioil糟雞chickenpickledinfermentedricewinesauce燒鴨（鵝）roastduck/goose怪味雞multi-flavorchicken麻辣牛肉條spicedbeef白切肉mixedmeatinaspic什錦肉凍sautémeatandvegetable五香鳳爪marinatedchickenfeet五香醬雞spicedmarinatedchicken芥末雞皮chickenskinwithmustardsauce雞絲粉皮chickensliceswithbeanjellysheets辣味麻醬雞翅chickensingswithchilisauceandsesamepaste拌烤鴨絲roastduckshredinsauce麻醬鴨塊duckcutletswithsesamepaste桂花鹽水鴨stewedsalt-preservedduck蝦片shrimpchip瓜皮蝦cucumberwithjellyfishanddriedshelledshrimp生拌魚rawfishinsauce冰糖燕窩bird’snestincrystalsugar紅酒燒竹雞braisedsnipeinportwine鐵扒乳鴿grilledyoungpigeon糟蛋eggspreservedinwine醬蛋pickledegg茶葉蛋eggintea蒸臘鵝spicedgoosewingtipsandwebfeet潮州鹵鵝spicedgoose,Chaozhoustyle潮州燒雁鵝roastgoose,Chaozhoustyle紅燒全鴨braisedwholeduckinsoysauce五香鴨spicedduck蒸南京板鴨steamedNanjingsaltedduck北京烤鴨roastBeijingduck香糟雞片slicedchickeninwinesauce炸童子雞deepfriedspringchicken荷葉粉蒸雞steamedchickeninlotusleafpackets炸紙包雞friedchickeninpaperpackets陳皮雞chickeninorangeflavor咖喱雞currychicken砂鍋雞braisedchickenincasserole叫化子雞mud-bakedchicken附雜項(xiàng)（西餐，餐具，糖果等）：breakfast早餐lunch午餐brunch早午餐supper晚餐latesnack宵夜dinner正餐coffeepot咖啡壺coffeecup咖啡杯papertowel紙巾napkin餐巾tablecloth桌布tea-pot茶壺teaset茶具teatray茶盤caddy茶罐dish碟plate盤saucer小碟子ricebowl飯碗chopsticks筷子soupspoon湯匙knife餐刀cup杯子glass玻璃杯mug馬克杯picniclunch便當(dāng)toothpick牙簽fruitplate水果盤meatdiet葷菜vegetables素菜meatbroth肉羹localdish地方菜Cantonesecuisine廣東菜menu菜單Frenchcuisine法國(guó)菜today'sspecial今日特餐buffet自助餐fastfood快餐specialty招牌菜tealeaves茶葉blacktea紅茶jasminetea茉莉(香片)teabag茶包lemontea檸檬茶whitegourdtea冬瓜茶honey蜂蜜sodawater蘇打水a(chǎn)rtificialcolor人工色素curryrice咖喱飯bird'snest燕窩Frenchfires炸薯?xiàng)lbakedpotato烘馬鈴薯mashedpotatoes馬鈴薯泥pudding布丁pastries甜點(diǎn)jerky牛肉干popcorn爆米花sunnysideup煎一面荷包蛋over煎兩面荷包蛋overeasy煎半熟蛋overhard煎全熟蛋butter奶油beverages飲料condensedmilk煉乳;煉奶coffeemate奶精coffee咖啡icedcoffee冰咖啡whitecoffee牛奶咖啡blackcoffee純咖啡ice-creamcone甜筒sundae圣代;新地ice-cream雪糕icecandy冰棒straw吸管cake蛋糕pancake煎餅cereal麥片粥toast土司hamburger漢堡hamandegg火腿腸butteredtoast奶油土司Frenchtoast法國(guó)土司cheesecake酪餅whitebread白面包brownbread黑面包c(diǎn)heesecake酪餅flour-ricenoodle面粉noodles面條wheatgluten面macaroni通心粉beanthread冬粉instinctnoodles速食面sandwich三明治crust面包皮syrupofplum酸梅湯tomatojuice番茄汁orangejuice橘子汁coconutmilk椰子汁asparagusjuice蘆薈汁veg