201X-201X學年高中英語Module1BasketballPeriod3Grammar語法專題課構詞法（轉換和派生）課件外研版選修7

Module1Basketball

Period3

Grammar

語法專題課構詞法(轉換和派生)【課前熱身】1.理解以下句子并試著寫出average在句中的含義和詞性。①Hefinishedhisfirstseason(1984—1985)asoneofthetopscorersintheleague,withanaverageof28.2pointspergame.(意義:_____詞性:_____)

平均名詞②Duringthistime,theaveragenumberofpointshescoredwasmorethan30pointspergame.(意義:_______詞性:_______)③ChamberlainistheonlyNBAplayerwhoaveraged

over50pointspergameforanentireseason.(意義:_______詞性:_____)平均的形容詞平均為動詞2.理解以下句子并寫出黑體單詞在句中的含義。①Sheshowedatalentformusicwhenshewasatanearlyage. ()Thatgirlbecameamusicianlater. ()音樂音樂家②Iwonderifyoucouldhelpmewiththisproblem.()Whatawonderfulfilmwewatchedthatnight! ()疑惑,想知道精彩的③Whenherdogdied,Alicedidn’tseemtocareatall.()Sheisalwaysacarefulgirl. ()Shealwaysdoesherhomeworkcarefully. ()關心細心的細心地【課堂詮解】1.轉換法。(1)一個詞不變化其詞形,而由一種詞性轉換為另一種或幾種詞性,這種語法現(xiàn)象叫作詞性轉換。(2)詞性轉換通常包括以下幾種類型:①名詞轉換為動詞。例如:eye

n.眼睛→v._____dress

n.衣服→v._______注視穿衣服②動詞轉換為名詞。例如:show

v.展示→n._____plant

v.種植→n._____③形容詞轉換為動詞。例如:slow

adj.慢的→v._________correctadj.正確的→v._____展覽植物放慢速度改正④名詞轉換為副詞。例如:back

n._____→adv.向后,回原處⑤副詞轉換為動詞。例如:down

adv.向下→v._____⑥形容詞轉換為名詞。例如:good

adj.好的→n.__________后背下降善行;好處2.派生法。(1)在一個詞的詞根前面或后面加上某個詞綴來構成新詞,這種構詞法叫作派生法。(2)常見前綴及含義:前綴意義例詞un-不unimportant,unfair,unlikeim-/in-不impossible,invisibledis-不,非dislike,dishonestre-再,重retell,rewrite,recycle前綴意義例詞mis-錯誤地mistake,misunderstandinter-在……之間international,Interneten-使encourage,enablekilo-千kilometer,kilogram(3)常見后綴及含義:后綴意義例詞-er/-or/-ist指人的身份worker,inventor,artist-ful充滿……的thankful,useful-ish有……屬性childish,foolish-ance指行為狀態(tài)performance-ian指人的身份musician后綴意義例詞-less缺乏,沒有careless,homeless-en使變得widen,strengthen-tion/-ment變?yōu)槊~operation,improvement-y/-al/-able變?yōu)樾稳菰~windy,national,comfortable用所給詞的適當形式填空。①(2021·浙江高考)Butsomethingmadeherlookcloser,andshenoticeda____________(shine)object.②(2021·全國卷Ⅱ)Wallsmadeofadobetakeintheheatfromthesunonhotdaysandgiveoutthatheat______(slow)duringcoolnights,thuswarmingthehouse.shiny/shiningslowly③(2021·全國卷Ⅲ)Itis________(certain)funbutthelifestyleisalittleunreal.④Icannotcontrolmybodywell.Mylegsbecome_______(pain).certainlypainful【名師指津】改變詞義或詞性揭秘前綴通常改變詞義,不改變詞性。例如:like(像)→unlike(不像);后綴