2023~2024學(xué)年 Unit 5 Discovering Useful Structures高中英語(yǔ)課件

Unit5DiscoveringUsefulStructures定語(yǔ)從句——關(guān)系副詞(where,when,

why,prep.+which/whom)1.通過對(duì)教材例句的理解,掌握關(guān)系副詞或“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的限制性定語(yǔ)從句的用法。2.以練促學(xué),鞏固關(guān)系副詞或“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的限制性定語(yǔ)從句的用法,并學(xué)以致用。Learningobjectives在復(fù)合句中,修飾某一_____或_____的從句叫定語(yǔ)從句。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫_______,定語(yǔ)從句一般放在先行詞的_____,引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞叫做_______。先行詞后面關(guān)系詞名詞代詞先行詞關(guān)系詞定語(yǔ)從句++指代先行詞連接主句和從句在從句中充當(dāng)成分新

課

講

授關(guān)系副詞的作用：指代表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因的先行詞連接主句和從句在從句中充當(dāng)句子成分—狀語(yǔ)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。關(guān)系代詞：that,

which,

who,

whom,whose,as關(guān)系副詞：when,

where,

why

關(guān)系副詞指代在從句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞掷鋡henThetimewhenIarrived.waslateatnight.whereThemineswhereIworked.were9kmfrommyhome.whyThereasonwhyIgotajob.wasbecauseofmyhardwork.一、關(guān)系副詞的用法time時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)placereason地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)原因狀語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，即從句成分齊全，不缺主，賓，表，定語(yǔ)。如何區(qū)分關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句：表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)及原因的名詞作先行詞時(shí),關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)時(shí),應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞;若關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)時(shí),則應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞。方法：分析從句句子成分Itwas

atimewhenpeopleweredividedgeographically.小結(jié)1

when引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí),先行詞為表示時(shí)間的名詞

(time,

day,

year,

moment

),關(guān)系詞在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。關(guān)系副詞—

whenEmperor

Qinshihuangunitedthesevenmajorstatesintooneunifiedcountry

where

theChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.小結(jié)

2

where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí),先行詞為表示地點(diǎn)的名詞(place,spot,house,room,city,town,country),關(guān)系詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。關(guān)系副詞—

wherewhere還可用在表示抽象意義的地點(diǎn)名詞后,如

situation(情形),stage(階段),point(地步),case

(情況),position

(位置),condition,activity,scene,occasion等,意思是“到了某種地步,在某種境況或情況中”。Theaccidenthasreachedtothepoint

whereboththeirparentsaretobecalledin.關(guān)系副詞—

where特別提示并非所有的表示“時(shí)間”和“地點(diǎn)”的先行詞，后面的定語(yǔ)從句一定要用when和where引導(dǎo)。如果定語(yǔ)從句中缺少主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，就要用that或which引導(dǎo)。Thisisthehouse_____________myfatherbuiltlastyear.Doyoustillrememberthedays___________wespentinthecountryside?that/whichthat/which判斷先行詞在從句中的成分，用正確的關(guān)系詞填空。Thisisthereason_______________hewent.Thereason_______________hegaveuswasquitereasonable.Thisistheplace____________wevisitedlastyear.Thisistheplace____________heworks.Thatwasthetime____________hearrived.Doyoustillrememberthetime____________wespenttogether?which/thatwherewhenthat/whichwhy/forwhichthat/whichPracticeTherearemanyreasons

whypeoplelearnaforeignlanguage.小結(jié)

3

why引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，先行詞通常是reason,關(guān)系詞在從句中作原因狀語(yǔ)。關(guān)系副詞

—why二、“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系副詞when,where,why引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí),關(guān)系副詞也可用“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”代替。1.關(guān)系代詞的確定在“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中,關(guān)系代詞只能用which或whom,先行詞指物時(shí),用which;先行詞指人時(shí),用whom。

Heisthemaninwhomyoucanbelieve.(1)看介詞與定語(yǔ)從句中動(dòng)詞或形容詞的搭配。Hegavemesomebookswith

whichIamnotveryfamiliar.(2)看介詞與先行詞搭配。Thisisour

classroom

inwhichthereisateacher’sdesk.The

farm

onwhichmyfatherworksisfarfromthetown.(3)根據(jù)句子的意思而定。Thesoldier,withoutwhomIwouldn'thavesurvivedtheearthquake,retiredlastweek.2.介詞的確定Thepatientwhomsheislookingafterisherfather.并非所有介詞都可以放到關(guān)系代詞前有些“動(dòng)詞+介詞”被視為一個(gè)固定的詞組,不可分割,這時(shí)不能把介詞置于關(guān)系代詞前,如：lookfor,lookafter,payattentionto,

takecareof,lookforwardto,gothrough等。Thepatientafterwhomsheislookingisherfather.×特別提示：1.Thefilmstar_____________wetalked

alotyesterdaywillgiveusaspeechtomorrow.2.TheWestLake_________Hangzhouisfamous

intheworldwillbemorebeautiful.3.Thisismyglasses,________________Ican’tseeclearly.aboutwhomforwhichwithoutwhich用“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”填空Practice4.Thereason_________hecouldnotgotherewasthathisgradeswastoolow.5.Whoistheperson__________youjust

shookhands?6.Couldyoutellmetheday________youarrived?7.Iwilltreasurethedays________Ilivedhere.withwhomonwhichinwhichforwhich定語(yǔ)從句三步解體法：一、先找出主句；二、確定先行詞三、判斷關(guān)系詞在從句中做的成分定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞指人指物that(主語(yǔ)/賓語(yǔ)/表語(yǔ)),which(主語(yǔ)/賓語(yǔ)),who(主語(yǔ)/賓語(yǔ)),whom(賓語(yǔ)),whose(定語(yǔ))，as(主語(yǔ)/賓語(yǔ)/表語(yǔ))that(主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)),which(主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)),whose(定語(yǔ))where(地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ))when(時(shí)間狀語(yǔ))why(原因狀語(yǔ))Ps:關(guān)系詞在從句中做狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，連接詞有時(shí)可以用介詞+which/whom來替換關(guān)系副詞Discovering-Lookatthesesentencesandunderlinetherestrictiveattributiveclauses.Whatkindofinformationdoeseachclausecommunicate?Itwasatimewhenpeopleweredividedgeographically.2.EmperorQinshihuangunitedthesevenmajorstatesintooneunifiedcountrywheretheChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.3.Therearemanyreasonswhypeoplelearnaforeignlanguage.Information:atimeforanevent.Information:alocationforanevent.Information:areasonforanaction.Fillinthetabletocompleteeachphrasewitharestrictiverelativeclause.Thenusethephrasestomakecompletesentences.thedaywhen...theplacewhere...Iwasonholidaytheday

whentheearthquakehappened.Thisisthedaywhenwewillhaveourmeeting.Sheworksneartheplacewheremyfriendlives.Thisistheplacewherewecanenjoythebeautifulscenery.Fillinthetabletocompleteeachphrasewitharestrictiverelativeclause.Thenusethephrasestomakecompletesentences.thereasonwhy...theplace/timein/atwhich...Idon’tknowthereasonwhyIdidn’tgetapay-rise.Thisisthereasonwhyhecomeshere.ThisisthecupboardinwhichIfoundGrandma’sglasses.Everybody’sgotonlyafiniteamountoftimeinwhichtheycanlearnthings.Completethepassagewiththecorrectrelativeadverbsorpronouns.Addaprepositionwherenecessary.WhenIstartedstudyingGerman,itwasastruggle.Thewordsfeltstrangeonmytongue,andthegrammarwouldnotstayinmyhead.ItoldmymumthatIwantedtogiveup,andthatIwouldneverliveinacountry_______________Germanwasspoken.Mymumtoldmethatstudyingalanguagewasnotjustformyfuture.Itwasexerciseforthebrain;themoreIlearntofalanguage,themoremybrainwouldgrow.AndIrememberthatday

_______________IsuddenlyfeltlikeGermanwasnolongeraforeignlanguage.Itfeltlikemybrainhaddoubledinsize.Ihadfinallycometoaplace_______________Icouldthinkinthisforeignlanguage,andIcouldseetheworldfromadifferentpointofview.IfeltasifIhadreachedthegoal___________Ihadbeenfightingfor.Icouldopenabookandseemeanings,notjustaseaofwords.Ifinallyunderstoodthereason_______________mymumhadencouragedmenottogiveup.Thanks,Mum!where/inwhichwhen/onwhichwhere/atwhichwhich/thatwhyWorkinpairs.Askandanswerthequestions.A:Whatkindofdaymakesyouhappy?B:It’sa

day

when…A:What’syourfavouriteplaceatschool?B:It’s…,becauseitisaplacewhere…A:Whatkindofteachersdoyoulikebest?B:Iliketeacherswho…A:Whodoyouadmiremost?Why?B:Iadmire...That’sthereasonwhy…讀句子，(1)畫出定語(yǔ)從句

(2)找出先行詞并闡明先行詞在從句中的成分。1.EmperorQinshihuangunitedthesevenmajorstatesintooneunifiedcountrywheretheChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.where引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞oneunifiedcountry，先行詞在從句中作狀語(yǔ)。從句傳達(dá)的信息為“theChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirectionintheunifiedcountry”。2.WrittenChinesehasalsobecomeanimportantmeansbywhichChina’spresentisconnectedwithitspast.bywhich引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句補(bǔ)充說明先行詞means，which指代先行詞means，從句傳達(dá)的信息為“China’spresentisconnectedwithitspastbyanimportantmeans(writtenChinese)”。3.

PeopleinmoderntimescanreadtheclassicworkswhichwerewrittenbyChineseinancienttimes.which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句解釋說明先行詞theclassicworks，先行詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)。從句傳達(dá)的信息為“theclassicworkswerewrittenbyChineseinancienttimes”。讀句子，(1)畫出定語(yǔ)從句

(2)找出先行詞并闡明先行詞在從句中的成分。讀句子，(1)畫出定語(yǔ)從句

(2)找出先行詞并闡明先行詞在從句中的成分。4.

Chinaiswidelyknown