2019年山西特崗教師招聘考試英語真題及答案

/2019年山西特崗教師招聘考試英語真題及答案教育理論綜合知一、選擇題(本題共5小題,每小題2分,共10分。每小題有四個(gè)選項(xiàng),只有一項(xiàng)是符合題目要求的,請(qǐng)將正確選項(xiàng)前的字母填入下面表格對(duì)應(yīng)的空格內(nèi)）1.教師要堅(jiān)守高尚情操,知榮明恥,嚴(yán)于律己,以身作則,這體現(xiàn)了教師職業(yè)道德中的A.為人師表B.關(guān)愛學(xué)生C.教書育人D.愛崗敬業(yè)【答案】A【解析】《中小學(xué)教師職業(yè)道德規(guī)范》（2008年修訂）中規(guī)定，教師職業(yè)道德包括：愛國守法；愛崗敬業(yè)；關(guān)愛學(xué)生；教書育人；為人師表；終身學(xué)習(xí)。其中為人師表要求教師堅(jiān)守高尚情操，知榮明恥，嚴(yán)于律己，以身作則。衣著得體，語言規(guī)范，舉止文明。關(guān)心集體，團(tuán)結(jié)協(xié)作，尊重同事、家長。作風(fēng)正派，廉潔奉公。自覺抵制有償家教，不利職務(wù)之便謀取私利。2.教育是國之大計(jì)、黨之大計(jì)。新時(shí)代貫徹黨的教育方針,要堅(jiān)持馬克思主義指導(dǎo)地位,貫徹新時(shí)代中國特色社會(huì)主義思想,堅(jiān)持社會(huì)主義辦學(xué)方向,根本任務(wù)是A.發(fā)展素質(zhì)教育B.落實(shí)立德樹人C.促進(jìn)學(xué)生身心發(fā)展D.傳承、更新文化【答案】B【解析】3月18日，中共中央總書記、國家主席、中央軍委主席習(xí)近平在北京主持召開學(xué)校思想政治理論課教師座談會(huì)并發(fā)表重要講話。他強(qiáng)調(diào)，新時(shí)代貫徹黨的教育方針，要堅(jiān)持馬克思主義指導(dǎo)地位，貫徹新時(shí)代中國特色社會(huì)主義思想，堅(jiān)持社會(huì)主義辦學(xué)方向，落實(shí)立德樹人的根本任務(wù)，堅(jiān)持教育為人民服務(wù)、為中國共產(chǎn)黨治國理政服務(wù)、為鞏固和發(fā)展中國特色社會(huì)主義制度服務(wù)、為改革開放和社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)服務(wù)，扎根中國大地辦教育，同生產(chǎn)勞動(dòng)和社會(huì)實(shí)踐相結(jié)合，加快推進(jìn)教育現(xiàn)代化、建設(shè)教育強(qiáng)國、辦好人民滿意的教育，努力培養(yǎng)擔(dān)當(dāng)民族復(fù)興大任的時(shí)代新人，培養(yǎng)德智體美勞全面發(fā)展的社會(huì)主義建設(shè)者和接班人。3.烏申斯基指出:“一般說來,兒童是依靠形式、顏色、聲音和感覺來進(jìn)行思維的?！边@要求我們?cè)诮虒W(xué)中要重視運(yùn)用A.循序漸進(jìn)原則B.因材施教原則C.鞏固性原則D.直觀性原則【答案】D【解析】直觀性原則是指在教學(xué)中引導(dǎo)學(xué)生直接感知事物、模型或通過教師用形象語言描繪教學(xué)對(duì)象，使學(xué)生獲得豐富的感性認(rèn)識(shí)?？涿兰~斯指出凡是需要知道的事物，都要通過事物本身來學(xué)習(xí)，應(yīng)該盡可能把事物本身或代替它的圖像呈現(xiàn)給學(xué)生，這就是直觀性原則的典型體現(xiàn)。4.根據(jù)《中華人民共和國教育法》,下列不屬于我國基本教育制度的是A.義務(wù)教育制度B.職業(yè)教育制度C.終身教育制度D.學(xué)業(yè)證書制度【答案】C【解析】《中華人民共和國教育法》第十九條，國家實(shí)行九年制義務(wù)教育制度。第二十條，國家實(shí)行職業(yè)教育制度和繼續(xù)教育制度。第二十一條，國家實(shí)行國家教育考試制度。第二十二條，國家實(shí)行學(xué)業(yè)證書制度。第二十三條，國家實(shí)行學(xué)位制度。第二十五條，國家實(shí)行教育督導(dǎo)制度和學(xué)校及其他教育機(jī)構(gòu)教育評(píng)估制度。5.中國學(xué)生發(fā)展核心素養(yǎng),以科學(xué)性、時(shí)代性、民族性為基本原則,以培養(yǎng)“全面發(fā)展的人”為核心,主要分為文化基礎(chǔ)、社會(huì)參與和A.學(xué)會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)B.責(zé)任擔(dān)當(dāng)C.自主發(fā)展D.科學(xué)精神【答案】C【解析】《中國學(xué)生發(fā)展核心素養(yǎng)》中指出，核心素養(yǎng)以培養(yǎng)“全面發(fā)展的人”為核心，分為文化基礎(chǔ)、自主發(fā)展、社會(huì)參與3個(gè)方面，綜合表現(xiàn)為人文底蘊(yùn)、科學(xué)精神、學(xué)會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)、健康生活、責(zé)任擔(dān)當(dāng)、實(shí)踐創(chuàng)新六大素養(yǎng)，具體細(xì)化為國家認(rèn)同等18個(gè)基本要點(diǎn)。專業(yè)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)6.--Goforapicnicthisweekend,OK?--_____,IlovegetiingcloneinnatureA.Icouldn’tagreemoreB.Idon’tthinksoC.IbelievenotD.I’mafraidnot【答案】A【解析】A我不能再同意了，B我不認(rèn)為是這樣，C我不相信，D恐怕不是，題目中問到這周去野餐怎么樣？，故選A。7.--Don'tyouthinkthemealwehadinthefastfoodrestaurantwastoo--No.Itwaswellworth_______wascharged.

expensive?A.howB.whichC.whatD.that【答案】C【解析】charge是一個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞，所以是形容詞后的賓語從句，從句里缺主語，所以用what。The"ChineseDream"is____dreamtoimprovepeople'swell-beingand____dreamofharmony,peaceanddevelopment.A.a:;aB.the;theC.a;theD.the;a【答案】A【解析】兩個(gè)空都是表泛指，中國夢(mèng)是一個(gè)提高人民生活水平的夢(mèng)，是一個(gè)和諧，平安和發(fā)展的夢(mèng)。故本題選A9.Ihavedonemuchofthework,Couldyoupleasefinish_____intwodays?A.anotherB.theotherC.themoreD.therest【答案】D【解析】我已經(jīng)做了大部分的工作，你能不能在兩天內(nèi)把剩下的做完？這里剩下的就是D，是指任意的另一個(gè)，B是指一個(gè)的另一個(gè)，C指的是更多，因此選D。Onhearingthenewsoftheaccidentinthecoalmine,she_____paleA.gotB.ChangedC.wentD.appeared【答案】C【解析】他一聽到煤礦的事故信息，他的臉就變白了。getpale表示“蒼白了”，強(qiáng)調(diào)已經(jīng)蒼白了。gopale表示“變..蒼白了”，強(qiáng)調(diào)變化的過程，故本題選C。Whilecleaningthesnowontheroad,_____.A.acellphonewasfoundonthegroundB.IfoundawalletlaidonthegroundC.acellphoneappearedonthegroundD.Ifoundawalletlyingontheground【答案】D【解析】句子的主語必須是人，所以很容易判斷是B和D對(duì)，這樣的話，在看后邊的結(jié)構(gòu)，find后接賓語，后面的lying做分詞，修飾cellphone。表主動(dòng)。Iwon'tcallyou_____somethingunexpectedhappensA.whetherB.unlessC.becauseD.while【答案】B【解析】考查狀語從句，A是否，B除非，C因?yàn)?D然而，除非意外事情發(fā)生，我不會(huì)給你打電話,故本題選B。13.Getamoveon!Therunnershave_______theirpositionsonthestartingline．A.takenupB.pickedupC.dressedupD.madeup【答案】A【解析】takeup占領(lǐng)，占據(jù)，占有（位置、陣地）；pickup撿起；接載；學(xué)會(huì)；dressup裝扮；打扮；makeup組成；化妝；補(bǔ)足；編造．句子表達(dá)的意思是"賽跑選手已經(jīng)在起跑線上占據(jù)了他們的位置"；故答案選A．14.DoyourememberMr．Goddart,________taughtusEnglishcompositionA.whoseB.whichC.whoD.that【答案】C【解析】考查定語從句，從句缺主語，用who。故選擇C。15.Englishhasalargevocahulary,hasn’t?Yes.morewordsandexpressionsandyouwillfinditeasiertoreadandcommunicate.A.KnowB.KonwingtC.ToknowD.Known【答案】A【解析】考查祈使句，祈使句加and或者是or，表示就會(huì)或者否則，這句話選擇A。三、完形填空（共20題，每小題1分，滿分20分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C、D）中，選出可以填入空白出的最佳選項(xiàng)，并將所選答案的字母填入下列表格對(duì)應(yīng)的空格內(nèi)。Alittleboyinvitedhismothertoattendhisschool'sfirstteacher-parentmeeting.Tothelittleboy's16,shesaidshewouldgo.This17bethefirsttimethathisclassmatesandteacher18hismotherandhefelt19ofherappearance.Althoughshewasabeautifulwoman,therewasaseverescarthat20nearlytheentirerightsideofherface.Theboyneverwantedto21whyorhowshegotthescar.Atthemeeting,thepeoplewere22bythekindnessandnaturalbeautyofhismother23thescar,butthelittleboywasstillembarrassedand24himselffromeveryone.Hedid,however,getwithin25ofaconversationbetweenhismotherandhisteacher.Theteacherasked26,“Howdidyougetthescaronyourface？”Themotherreplied,“27mysonwasababy,hewasinaroomthatcaughtfire.Everyonewas28afraidtogoinbecausethefirewas29,soIwentin.AsIwasrunningtowardhisbed,IsawalongpieceofwoodcomingdownandIplacedmyselfoverhimtryingtoprotecthim.Iwasknocked30butfortunately,afiremancameinandsavedbothofus.”She31theburnedsideofherface.“Thisscarwillbe32,buttothisday,Ihavenever33whatIdid.”Atthispoint,thelittleboycameoutrunningtowardhismotherwithtearsinhiseyes.Heheldherinhisarmsandfeltagreat34ofthesacrificethathismotherhadmadeforhim.Heheldherhand35fortherestoftheday.16.A.enjoymentB.disappointmentC.surpriseD.excitement【答案】B【解析】考查名詞的詞義辨析和語境理解，從下文可以看出，小男孩不希望他媽媽去開會(huì)．所以他媽媽說要去時(shí)，他感到失望．故選B。17.A.shouldB.couldC.wouldD.must【答案】C【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)，根據(jù)上下文得知沒有這是第一次，過去將來時(shí)．故選C。18.A.metB.greetedC.noticedD.accepted【答案】A【解析】考查動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)上下文可知，他們是第一次見到他的母親，這句話選擇A。19.A.sickB.tiredC.afraidD.ashamed【答案】D【解析】考查上下文，男孩的老師沒見過他的媽媽，他的媽媽有個(gè)疤痕，所以這讓他很慚愧，故本題選D。20.A.passedB.includedC.coveredD.shaded【答案】C【解析】考查動(dòng)詞，一個(gè)疤痕覆蓋了他的臉部大部分的地方，這句話選擇C。21.A.talkaboutB.wanderaboutC.tellaboutD.shoutabout【答案】A【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語，意思是他不想提及或者談?wù)撍膵寢尀槭裁磿?huì)這樣，故本題選A。22.A.impressedB.surprisedC.excitedD.comforted【答案】A【解析】考查動(dòng)詞，人們被他媽媽的這種善良和自然美留著了深刻的印象，故本題選擇A。23.A.insightofB.inspiteofC.bywayofD.bymeansof【答案】B【解析】考查連詞，盡管他的媽媽有車，但是大家都被媽媽的自然美和善良留下了深刻的印象，這句話選擇B。24.A.hidB.protectedC.separatedD.escaped【答案】A【解析】考查上下文，男孩很尷尬，想把自己藏起來，因此次選擇A。25.A.learningB.remindingC.hearingD.understanding【答案】C【解析】考查意思，在他想把自己藏起來的時(shí)候，聽到了一段對(duì)話，下文正是對(duì)對(duì)話的描寫，這句話選擇C。26.A.carefullyB.casuallyC.nervouslyD.anxiously【答案】A【解析】考查副詞，老師這時(shí)謹(jǐn)慎地他的媽媽這個(gè)疤痕是怎么回事，故這道題選擇A。27.A.AsB.WhenC.BeauseD.Since【答案】B【解析】考查上下文的意思，當(dāng)他的兒子還是孩子的時(shí)候，房間里著火了，這句話選擇B。28.A.soB.quiteC.muchD.too【答案】D【解析】考查連詞，火太大，以至于人們都不敢進(jìn)去，這句話選擇D。29.A.incontrolB.undercontrolC.outofcontrolD.overcontrol【答案】C【解析】考查連詞，上文中說著火了，沒人敢進(jìn)去，因?yàn)榛饎?shì)難以控制，這句話選擇C。30.A.helplessB.senselessC.hopelessD.useless【答案】B【解析】考查形容詞，著火之后，母親跑進(jìn)去，這時(shí)一定是無意義的，無知覺的敲門，故這道題選擇B。31.A.pointedB.showedC.wipedD.touched【答案】D【解析】考查上下文，一個(gè)消防員進(jìn)來救了我們，這時(shí)他摸著自己的臉，這句話選擇D。32.A.uglyB.lastingC.seriousD.frightening【答案】B【解析】考查名詞的詞義辨析和語境理解．這個(gè)傷疤將會(huì)是持久的(lasting)。故選B．33.A.forgotB.recognizedC.consideredD.regretted【答案】D【解析】考查名詞的詞義辨析和語境理解．我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)后悔regretted我所做的。故選D．34.honorB.happinessC.senseD.pride【答案】C【解析】考查名詞的詞義辨析和語境理解．這里表達(dá)了男孩的一種意識(shí)或感受，所以用sense．故選C．35.A.quietlyB.slightlyC.suddenlyD.tightly【答案】D【解析】他把她的手緊緊地tightly握了一天。故選DAThegray-hairedladycan'twaittoleavethebuildingtosearchforherdad.Unlesswatched,shewillwalkinthestreetsinanefforttofindherfather,whodied30yearsago.NotallcasesofAlzheimer’sdiseaselooklikethis,butAlzheimer’sisaseriousdiseasethatissaidtobethefourthorfifthleadingcauseofdeathforpeopleoverage75.Intheearlystages,peoplemayexhibitshorttermmemoryloss.Somemayexperiencechangesinpersonality,easytobeangry.Asthediseaseprogressive,patientmightlosetheabilitytomoveandmaybeunabletospeakormoveatall.Thisprogressivediseasegenerallylasts8to10yearsbeforedeathoccurs.Whilenooneiscertainaboutthereasonsofthesechangesinthebrain'snervefibers,theireffectiscertain.Alzheimer'sdestroysnotonlythepatients,butalsospouses,friendsandfamilies.Whatshouldyoudoifyounoticeprogressivememorylossinyourselforalovedone?HavethepersonexaminedbyadoctorwhoisaspecialistinthetreatmentofAlzheimer'sdisease.ThoughmanyreasonsotherthanAlzheimer'sdiseasemaycausememoryloss,itsearlydiagnosisandtreatmentmaydelaysomeofthemostseriouseffects.WhatfeelingwillyoulikelyexperienceshouldalovedonesufferfromAlzheimer'sdisease?Apersonwilloftengothroughthevariousstagesofsadness,shock,anger,andsoon.Ifthespousedevelopsthedisease,youmayexperiencehurtanddisappointmentwhenheorshedoesn'trememberyouaremarried.LifefortheAlzheimer'spatientsandtheirlovedoneswillneverbethesameasthediseaseprogresses,bringingadeepsorrow,lossandevenangertowardsGod.Nomatterwhatfeelingsarepresent,facingthemhonestlywillserveonebetterthanburyingthem.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthegray-hairedlady?A.Shehasbeenlivingwithherfather.Shewassadaboutthedeathofherfather.Shecan'tsearchforherfatherwithoutbeingwatched.D.ShesuffersfromAlzheimer'sdisease.【答案】C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段可知，灰色頭發(fā)女士的父親在30年前已經(jīng)去世，如果沒有人看管，她就會(huì)一直尋找她的父親，且根據(jù)下文可知，文章是在講述與阿爾茨海默癥（老年癡呆癥）有關(guān)的內(nèi)容，這位女士的事情是一個(gè)例子，她患有阿爾茨海默癥，故答案選C。WhenpeoplesufferfromAlzheimer'sdisease,_______.theywillcertainlydiein8to10yearstheywillforgeteverybodybuttheirspousestheirfamiliesandfriendswillsufferfromthesamediseasetheirfamiliesandfriendswillexperiencementalsufferings【答案】D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句話可知，這種疾病在死亡發(fā)生之前通常會(huì)持續(xù)8-10年，而不是一定會(huì)，故A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)第四段第二句話以及倒數(shù)第二段內(nèi)容可知，患者也會(huì)忘記自己的配偶，故B錯(cuò)誤。文章并沒有提到C選項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段可知，患者的家屬會(huì)遭受各種感受，故選D，遭受精神折磨。38.Whatcanweknowfromthepassage?A.NervefibersinthebrainwillcauseAlzheimer’sdisease.B.EarlytreatmentmaystopAlzheimer’sdiseaseoccurring.C.WhenonesuffersfromAlzheimer’sdisease,hewillbeburied.D.Itisstillunknownwhatcausesthechangesinthebrain’snervefibers.【答案】D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段內(nèi)容可知，A選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，B和C選項(xiàng)文章中并沒有提到，根據(jù)文章第四段第一句話可知，沒有人確定造成大腦中神經(jīng)纖維變化的原因是什么，故選D。B"Reduce,reuseandrecycle”,thisfamiliarenvironmentalistslogantellsushowtoreducetheamountofrubbishthatendsupinlandfillsandwaterways.Theconceptisbeingusedtodealwithonepossiblydangerousformofwaste–electronicjunk,suchasoldcomputers,cell-phones,andtelevisions.Butthisprocessformanaginge-wastemaybeusedinanunscrupulouswaymoreoftenthannotused,arecentreportsuggests.“Alotofthesematerialsarebeingsenttodevelopingnationsundertheexcuseofreuse–tobridgethedigitaldivide,”saidRichardGutierrez,apolicyresearcher.Oneoftheproblemsisthatnooneproveswhethertheseoldmachinesworkbeforetheyhittheseaways.Becauseofthis,thereportsays,e-wasteisagrowingprobleminLagos,Nigeria,andelsewhereinthedevelopingworld.Muchofthewasteendsupbeingthrownawayalongriversandroads.Oftenit’spickedapartbypoorpeople,whomayfacedangerousexposuretopoisonouschemicalsintheequipment.Businessmenalsopayworkersalittlemoneytogetbackmaterialssuchasgoldandcopper.Thislow-techrecoveryprocesscouldexposeworkersandthelocalenvironmenttomanydangerousmaterialsusedtobuildelectronics.AccordingtoGutierrez,thisshadoweconomyexistsbecausetheexcuseofrecyclingandreusingelectronicsgivesbusinessmen“agreenpassport”toshipwastearoundtheglobe.“Developingnationsmusttakeuponsomeoftheresponsibilitythemselves,”Gutierrezsaid.But,headded,“Agreaterportionofthisresponsibilityshouldfallontheexportingstate.”China,forexample,hasbecomeadumpingplaceforlargeamountsofe-waste.Thenationisbeginningtotakeactiontostoptheflowofdangerousmaterialsacrossitsborders.TheChinesegovernment,aftermanyyearsofdenial,isfinallybeginningtotakethelead.39.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?A.E-wasteisagrowingproblemindevelopedcountries.B.Developingcountriesaremakingfulluseofe-waste.C.Developingcountriesarefacingseriousenvironmentalproblems.D.E-wasteissenttodevelopingcountriesundertheexcuseofreuse.【答案】D【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容可知，這些電子垃圾很多都以重新利用的名義運(yùn)往發(fā)展中國家。故選D。40.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTURE.accordingtowhatGutierrezsaid?A.Poorcountriesshouldbeblamedforthisproblem.B.Developingcountriesshouldberesponsibleforthisproblem.C.Exportingcountriesshouldbemainlyresponsibleforthisproblem.D.Neitherrichnorpoorcountriesshouldbeblamedforthisproblem.【答案】C【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句But,headded,“Agreaterportionofthisresponsibilityshouldfallontheexportingstate.（但他又補(bǔ)充道“大部分責(zé)任應(yīng)該由出口國擔(dān)當(dāng)”），故選C。41.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Chinaisfallingbehindothercountriesindealingwithe-waste.B.Chinahasgreatlychangedherideaabouttheproblemofe-waste.C.Chinahashiddenalargeamountofe-wasteinmanysecretplaces.D.ChinahaspreventedpoisonousmaterialsenteringChinaforlongtime.【答案】B【解析】推理判斷題。最后一段的意思是“中國已經(jīng)成為大量電子垃圾的排放地。這個(gè)國家已經(jīng)開始采取行動(dòng)來阻止危險(xiǎn)物質(zhì)進(jìn)入邊境。中國政府在否認(rèn)了很多年后，終于帶頭開始行動(dòng)了。故選B。CTheyearis2094.IthasbeenannouncedthatacometisheadingtowardstheEarth.Mostofit.willmissourplanet,buttwopieceswillprobablyhitthesouthernhalfoftheEarth.On17July,apiecefourkilometerswideenterstheEarth'satmospherewithamassiveexplosion.Abouthalfofthepieceisdestroyed,buttheremainingparthitstheSouthAtlanticat200timesthespeedofsound.Theseaboilsandahugeholeismadeintheseabed.Bigwavesarecreatedandspreadoutwardsfromthehole.Thewallofwater,akilometerhigh,rushestowardssouthernAfricaat800kilometersanhour.CitiesontheAfricancoastaretotallydestroyedandmillionsofpeoplearedrowned.BeforethewavesreachSouthAmerica,thesecondpieceofthecometlandsinArgentina.EarthquakesandvolcanoesaresetoffintheAndesMountains.TheshockwavesmovenorthintoCaliforniaandallaroundthePacificOcean.ThecitiesofLosAngeles,SanFranciscoandTokyoarecompletelydestroyedbyearthquakes.MillionsofpeopleinthesouthernhalfoftheEartharealreadydead,butthenorthwon'tescapeforlong.Becauseoftheexplosions.thesunishiddenbycloudsofdust,temperaturesaroundtheworldfalltoalmostzeroCropsareruined.Thesunwon'tbeseeninmanyyears.Warsbreakoutascountriesfightforfood.Ayearlater,nomorethan10millionpeopleremainalive.Coulditreallyhappen?Infact,ithasalreadyhappenedmorethanonceinthehistoryoftheEarth.ThedinosaurswereontheEarthforover160millionyears.Then65millionyearsagotheysuddenlydisappeared.ManyscientistsbelievethattheEarthwashitbyapieceofobjectinspace.Thedinosaurscouldn’tlivethroughthecoldclimatethatfollowedandtheydiedout.Willwemeetthesameend?42.Whatismainlydescribedinthepassage?scientificadventure.B.Aneventofimagination.C.Aresearchonspace.D.Ahistoricdiscovery.【答案】B【解析】主旨大意題。整篇文章主要描述了人類在2094年可能會(huì)遭遇的災(zāi)難，這些事情只是一種想象，故選B項(xiàng)。43.WhenthefirstpiecehitstheSouthAtlantic,itcauses.A.hugewavesB.damagestocitiesC.anEarthexplosionD.earthquakeandvolcanoes【答案】A【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段第四句“Bigwavesarecreatedandspreadoutwardsfromthehole.”可知答案應(yīng)為A項(xiàng)44.Whycan’tthenorthernhalfoftheearthescapeforlong?A.Becausethelandiscoveredwithwater.B.Becausewarsbreakoutamongcountries.C.Becausepeopletherecannotliveatthetemperatureofzero.D.Becausewarsbreakoutamongcountries.【答案】D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第三段中提到，南半球數(shù)以萬計(jì)的人已經(jīng)死了，而北半球也逃脫不了這種厄運(yùn)。因?yàn)樘柖嗄暾詹坏降厍?，地球上的溫度幾乎降到了零度。植物遭到了破壞，食物缺乏，?dǎo)致戰(zhàn)爭，故選D。45.Whatdoestheauthortrytoprovebygivingtheexampleofdinosaurs?A.Thehumanbeingswilldieoutin2094B.Animalscouldnotliveinthecoldclimate.C.TheEarthcouldbehitbyotherobjectsinspace.D.Whathappened65millionyearsagowasaninventedstory【答案】C【解析】推理判斷題。分析第四段內(nèi)容可知，作者舉恐龍這一例子是為了說明地球很有可能再次遭遇襲擊，故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并將所選答案的字母填入格對(duì)應(yīng)的空格內(nèi)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Nooneloveshearingabouttheirbutacceptingcriticismpolitelycanhelpyougrowasaperson.Here'stodoit.·Beobjectiveaboutcriticism.Nexttimewhenyougetabadremark,don'timmediatelybegintochallengetheotherperson’sopinion46Giveyourselfachancetoreallytakeintheinformationandevaluateit.47Evenifyoudecidethattheotherpersonistrue,itmaybehardtotake,Inyourdiscomfort.mayfeeltheurgetodefendyourself.Butitsbesttoavoidgettingintoanargument.Naturally,ifyouagreethatthingsshouldchange,italreadymakesthesituationlessheated,thoughthepainisstillthere48Beopentotheideaofchange.Mostofusareprettystubborn.49Wemayignorecriticismbecausewewishtoavoidhavingtochange,becauseitamakesusfeelbad,orbecausewefeelitisnothelpful.Askquestions.Ifyoureopentousingcriticismasachanceforimprovement,youwilllikelyneedmoreinformation.50Inthiscase,talkwiththepersonwhocriticizedyouandaskhowyoucandobetter.Eventhoughyoudon'tagreewiththeiradvicethankthemandpromisetoconsiderit.A.Behappytoacceptcriticism.B.Avoidunnecessaryargument.C.Werefusetochangeeventhoughthat'swhatweneedmost.D.Youcanstartbysayingyouseethepoint,orthatyouarewrong.E.Instead.takeamomenttoconsiderwhetherthecriticismisaccurate.F.Watchoutforyourwordstoavoidunpleasantsituations.G.Thecriticismshouldcomefromasupportiveplaceratherthansimplyoutofenvy.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章告訴我們應(yīng)該如何對(duì)待他人的批評(píng)。46.【答案】E【解析】根據(jù)本段的小標(biāo)題“Beobjective(客觀的)aboutcriticism.”可知，本段的主旨為：客觀對(duì)待批評(píng)。本空前的內(nèi)容告誡我們面對(duì)別人的負(fù)面評(píng)價(jià)，不要馬上反駁對(duì)方。本空和下一句告訴我們正確的方法：花點(diǎn)時(shí)間想一想對(duì)方的批評(píng)是不是準(zhǔn)確，給自己一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)真正理解對(duì)方的話，客觀評(píng)估是否言之有理。47.【答案】B【解析】根據(jù)本段的內(nèi)容尤其是本段中給出的建議“Butit’sbesttoavoidgettingintoanargument.”可知，本段的小標(biāo)題應(yīng)為“避免不必要的爭論”。48.【答案】D【解析】本空是對(duì)前一句的進(jìn)一步闡述。如果你認(rèn)同改變，那么就已經(jīng)緩解了緊張的局面。本空就是認(rèn)同改變、緩解局面的首要方法：承認(rèn)你明白了對(duì)方說的，或者說你錯(cuò)了。49.【答案】C【解析】本段的三句話共同說明了一個(gè)存在的問題：我們不愿意去改變。而本段的小標(biāo)題告誡我們：要接受改變。50.【答案】G【解析】由本空后的“Inthiscase”可知，這種情況指的就是：對(duì)方批評(píng)的初衷應(yīng)該是善意的而不是出于嫉妒。在這樣的前提下詢問對(duì)方的建議。五、寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式，并將正確單詞填入下面表格對(duì)應(yīng)的空格內(nèi)。題號(hào)5152535456答案題號(hào)5657585960答案TheSilkRoadwasapassageforthetransportationofsilkinancienttimes.Lotsofreliesontheroadcanstill51(see)now.Fromtherelics,touristscanseetheoutlineoftheancientmetropolitanareasalong52fantasticroad.Inthetourpackages,touristscanimagine53(they)tobeandmerchantsbyridingcamelsindesert.TheSilkRoadisalongroute,54XianintheeasttoGansuandXinjianginthewest.IfitisyourfirsttriptoChina,we55(sincere)suggestyoushouldspendatleasttendaysvisitingBeijing,Xi’an,Dunhuang,UrumqiandKashi.YoucouldgettoknowaboutthehistoryofChinaandexperience56(color)sceneryalongtheSilkRoad.Ifyouarean57(experience)travelerwantingtoexploreChinafully,itisrecommended58youshouldtraveltoDunhuang,Zhangye,Jiayuguan,Turpan,KashiandUrumqitofollowthefootprintofMarcoPolo.Thisroutemaytakeabout15days.Ifyouhaveonlyaone-weekholiday,the59(choose)ofthreemostfamouscitieswillbefitforyou.Al