2024版高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí)語法專題板塊3第1講代詞課件新人教版

語法專題板塊三不可忽視的小詞——代詞、冠詞和介詞第1講代詞剖析考點(diǎn)·語法突破01考點(diǎn)1代詞的分類代詞分為人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞、指示代詞、相互代詞、不定代詞、疑問代詞、連接代詞和關(guān)系代詞等。分類單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱人稱代詞主格Iyouhe，she,itweyouthey賓格meyouhim，her,itusyouthem分類單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱物主代詞形容詞性myyourhis，her,itsouryourtheir名詞性mineyourshis，hers，itsoursyourstheirs反身代詞my-selfyour-selfhimself，herself，itselfour-selvesyour-selvesthem-selves分類單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱指示代詞this,that,suchthese,those,such相互代詞賓格eachother,oneanother所有格eachother's,oneanother's分類單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱不定代詞普通不定代詞some,any,no,somebody,anybody，nobody,someone,anyone,noone，something,anything,nothing,none個(gè)體代詞all,every,each,other,another,either，neither,both,half,everybody,everyone，everything數(shù)量代詞many,much,(a)few,(a)little,alotof，lotsof,agreatdeal,agreatmany分類單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱疑問代詞who,whom,whose,which,what連接代詞who,whom,whose,which,what(用法請(qǐng)參閱名詞性從句部分)關(guān)系代詞who,whom,whose,which,that(用法請(qǐng)參閱定語從句部分)1．a(chǎn)ll,both,either,any,none,neither考點(diǎn)2不定代詞條件都任何一個(gè)都不部分否定兩者botheitherneither＝noteitherboth和not連用三者或三者以上allanynone＝notanyall和not連用Theresearchgroupproducedtworeportsbasedonthesurvey，butneithercontainedanyusefulsuggestions．以這個(gè)調(diào)查為基礎(chǔ)，研究小組做了兩份報(bào)告，但是兩者都不包含任何有用的建議。—WhenshallIcallyou,inthemorningorafternoon?——我什么時(shí)候給你打電話方便，上午還是下午？—Either．I'llbeinallday．——都可以，我將一整天都在家。2．none,nothing,noone/nobodynonenone既指人也指物，后面可接of短語，一般用來回答howmany,howmuch和which的提問nothingnothing只指物，后面不能接of短語，用來回答what的提問noone/nobodynoone和nobody只指人不指物，其后不接of短語，一般回答who的提問Eveniftheanswerseemedalittlestrange,nobodybutIdoubtedit．盡管這個(gè)答案好像有點(diǎn)奇怪，但是除了我之外沒人懷疑它(的正確性)。Nikiisalwaysfullofideas,butnoneisusefultomyknowledge．尼基點(diǎn)子總是很多，但是據(jù)我所知，沒有一個(gè)是有用的。易錯(cuò)提示全部否定和部分否定(1)noone，none，nobody，nothing，not...any/either以及“no＋名詞”都表示全部否定。(2)all，both，everyone/everybody/everything以及“every＋名詞”與not連用時(shí)，表示部分否定。3．other,theother,others,theothers,anotherother可用作定語，意思為“別的，其他的”theothertheother指兩個(gè)人或物中的“另一個(gè)”，常與one連用，構(gòu)成“one...theother...”(一個(gè)……另一個(gè)……)another單獨(dú)使用，泛指三者或三者以上的人或其中的“另一個(gè)”，代替單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。常與one連用，構(gòu)成“one...another...”泛指“一個(gè)……另一個(gè)……”others,theothersothers泛指“其余的人或物”，相當(dāng)于“other＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”，不能作定語，常構(gòu)成“some...others...”。theothers特指“其余的所有人或物”，相當(dāng)于“theother＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”Towarmhimself,thesailorsatinfrontofthefirerubbingonebarefootagainsttheother．為了暖和自己，那個(gè)海員坐在火堆前，兩只光腳丫互相蹭著。Insomecountries,peopleeatwithchopsticks,whileinothers,knivesandforks．在一些國家，人們用筷子吃飯，而在另外一些國家，人們用刀叉吃飯。1．it指代前面所提到過的事情、事物、想法等，也可指代不清楚或沒必要知道性別的說話對(duì)象，還指代時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、距離、天氣、季節(jié)等。Theemploymentratehascontinuedtoriseinbigcitiesthankstotheeffortsofthelocalgovernmentstoincreaseit．由于當(dāng)?shù)卣呐Γ蟪鞘械木蜆I(yè)率不斷上升?？键c(diǎn)3

it的用法易錯(cuò)提示替代詞(it,that,one)的用法區(qū)別：(1)it特指前面提到過的同一個(gè)人或物。(2)that替代上文出現(xiàn)的“the＋不可數(shù)名詞或單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”，表示特指同類事物中的一個(gè)。其復(fù)數(shù)形式為those。(3)one替代上文出現(xiàn)的“a/an＋單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”，表示泛指同類事物中的一個(gè)。其復(fù)數(shù)形式為ones。2．it用作形式主語或形式賓語，而把真正的主語或賓語放在后面，真正的主語或賓語往往由從句、動(dòng)詞-ing形式、不定式充當(dāng)。Itisobvioustothestudentsthattheyshouldgetwellpreparedfortheirfuture．對(duì)學(xué)生們來說，非常明顯的是，他們應(yīng)該為他們的將來做好準(zhǔn)備。Thetwogirlsaresoalikethatstrangersfinditdifficulttotellonefromtheother．這兩個(gè)女孩長(zhǎng)得很像，陌生人很難把她們區(qū)分開來。3．表示喜歡、恨等心理方面的動(dòng)詞后面接it，構(gòu)成固定結(jié)構(gòu)，這類動(dòng)詞有enjoy,prefer,love,like,hate,dislike,appreciate等；另外，有些“動(dòng)詞＋介詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，如dependon,seeto等后接it，再接賓語從句。Iwillappreciateitifyoucangivemeahand．如果你能幫我一把，我會(huì)很感激的。Youmaydependonitthattheywillsupportyou．你放心好了，他們會(huì)支持你的。4．含有it的常考短語或句型：(1)believeitornot信不信由你makeit成功，做到，約定時(shí)間assomeoneputsit像某人所說的那樣Whenitcomesto...當(dāng)涉及/談到……Itdepends．視情況而定。Takeiteasy．別著急。(2)It's(high)timethatsb．shoulddo/didsth．是某人該做某事的時(shí)候了。It'sthefirst/second/...timethatsb．have/hasdonesth．是某人第一次/二次/……次做某事。Itis/hasbeen...since...自從……多久了。Itwillbe/was...before...要過……時(shí)間才……Itis/was＋時(shí)間點(diǎn)＋when...當(dāng)……時(shí)候，時(shí)間是……Itishightimethatwetook/should

takemeasurestoprotectthewildanimals．是我們采取措施保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物的時(shí)候了。ItwillbehalfayearbeforeIcomeback．半年之后我才回來。(3)Itis/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who...【技巧點(diǎn)撥】當(dāng)句子缺少主語、定語、賓語或表語時(shí)，一般填代詞；確定填代詞之后，再看一下設(shè)空處所填代詞是否與前面提到的人或物有指代關(guān)系。1．作主語：人稱代詞主格(I,we,you,he等)；2．作賓語/表語：人稱代詞賓格(me,us,him等)、名詞性物主代詞(ours,mine,yours等)；3．作定語：形容詞性物主代詞(our,my,your等)；4．如果賓語與主語是指同一個(gè)人，用反身代詞(myself,yourself,itself等)；5．填it的情況：作形式主語或形式賓語；指代前面提到的同一個(gè)事物或情況；6．that,those作替代詞，用來代替已提到的名詞，以避免重復(fù)。高效訓(xùn)練·跟蹤檢測(cè)02Ⅰ．單句語法填空1．(2022·全國乙卷)TheChineseAncientTeaMuseumwasofficiallyunveiled(揭幕)attheceremony,opening___(it)firstexhibition:TheAvenueofTruth—ASpecialExhibitionofPu'erTea．2．(2022·北京卷)Sincepeoplecan'talwayseatoutorcookfor__________(they),theygettakeoutororderdelivery．3．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Asthesonggoes,thislongandwindingroad“willneverdisappear”，anditwillalwaysstickinthevisitor'smemory．Itsuredoesin____(I)．itsthemselvesmine4．(2021·全國乙卷)Ecotourismhas___(it)originwiththeenvironmentalmovementofthe1970s．5．(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)Aswellaslookingatexhibits,visitorscanplaywithcomputersimulations(模擬)andimagine__________(they)livingatadifferenttimeinhistoryorwalkingthrougharainforest．itsthemselvesⅡ．語法填空(2023·湛江模擬)InSouthwestChina,1．_groupofgrandmotherssitinfrontofatraditionalstylehouse,2．_________(skilful)sewingcolouredthreadintoapieceofblueclothandoccasionallyburstingintowavesoflaughter．a(chǎn)skilfullySuchisthesceneinHejiayanVillage,YouyangTujiaandMiaoAutonomousCounty,Chongqing．Thesewomenlearnedthecraft(手藝)aschildren,buttheyneverexpectedthatit3．____________(bring)themtogetherinoldage,injectingsomefuninto4．_____(they)lateryears．Thislocal5．________(recover)ofthecraftstartedin2013whenChenGuotao,openedaMiaoembroidery(刺繡)shopinYouyang．6．______(raise)inaruralarea,ChenwaskeentohelpfuelChina'sruralboom,andin2016,shesetupthefirstofseveralembroideryworkshops．Theyofferedjobopportunitiestounemployedfemalevillagerswhohadstayedbehind7．________(care)forthefamilywhilerelativessoughthighersalarieselsewhere．wouldbringtheirrecoveryRaisedtocareButtheworkshopsaremore8．____justworkplaces．Theyarealsosocialclubsforlocalseniorcitizens,mostof9．______wouldleadratherdulllivesotherwise,sittingathomewithlittlesocialinteraction．Sittinginthewarmsunshineandenjoyingthepeaceofembroidery,theseseniorcitizensarenowan10．___________(establish)featureinthevillage．thanwhomestablishedⅢ．寫作運(yùn)用根據(jù)漢語提示補(bǔ)全下面寫作，注意代詞的運(yùn)用。DearLucy，1．____________________________________________(我和同班同學(xué)打算去養(yǎng)老院)tospendtheDoubleNinthFestivalwiththeoldpeoplethere．Iamwritingtoinviteyoutogowithus．Accordingtoourschedule,2．