無(wú)錫市2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期中教學(xué)質(zhì)量調(diào)研測(cè)試英語(yǔ)試卷（解析版）

第2頁(yè)/共21頁(yè)無(wú)錫市2023-2024學(xué)年上學(xué)期高三期中教學(xué)質(zhì)量調(diào)研測(cè)試英語(yǔ)注意事項(xiàng)及說(shuō)明：1.試卷共150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。2.答案一律寫在答題卡上?？荚嚱Y(jié)束時(shí)，上交答題卡。第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Howdoesthemanenjoytheview?A.Throughatelescope.B.Throughacamera.C.Throughamobilephone.2.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Ontheplayground.B.Inastore.C.Inagym.3Whatwillthespeakersprobablydonext?A.Eatatarestaurant.B.Shopatagrocerystore.C.HavedinnerwithJack’smother.4.Whenwillthemeetingbeheld?A.OnWednesday.B.OnThursday.C.OnFriday.5.Whatarethespeakersmostprobablytalkingabout?A.Abed.B.Achair.C.Ablanket.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whichpartofthebodyisthewomanfocusingonrecoveringnow?A.Hershoulder.B.Herfingers.C.Herarm.7.Whoprobablyhelpsthewomancarryhergroceries?A.Herbrother.B.Theman.C.Herco-workers.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Amagicschool.B.Acostumeparty.C.ThemovieHarryPotter.9.Whatisthewomanlike?A.Confident.B.Funny.C.Helpful.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至13題。10.Whatdifficultydoesthewomanmeet?A.Howtopublishherbook.B.Whentopublishherbook.C.Wheretopublishherbook.11.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomandoaboutherbook?A.Callapublisher.B.Advertiseitherself.C.Asktheteacherforadvice.12Howmanypagesdoesthewoman’sbookhave?A.About200.B.About350.C.About700.13.Whatwillthewomangivethemantoread?A.Adigitalcopy.B.Aprintedcopy.C.Ahandwrittencopy.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whenmightthebirthdaypartybeheld?A.OnThursday.B.OnFriday.C.OnSaturday.15.WhatdoesJudyhavetodoonthedayoftheparty?A.Gotowork.B.Takethecarforacheck.C.Driveherbrothersomewhere.16.WhatgiftwillDavegivetoBradforhisbirthday?A.Ahat.B.Agiftcard.C.ACD.17.WhatwillthespeakersdoatBrad’sbirthdayparty?A.Dosomesports.B.Seeamovie.C.Watchaperformance.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whatisthecleverthingaboutthemall?A.Itslocation.B.Itsatmosphere.C.Itsshopkeepers.19.WhatdoesMariaLarssonthinkofthemall?A.Common.B.Creative.C.Modern.20.Whyisthemallspecial?A.Becauseit’sfashionable.B.Becauseit’seasilyaccessible.C.Becauseit’senvironmentallyfriendly.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AThetraditionalChinesesolarcalendardividestheyearinto24solarterms.StartofAutumn,the13thsolarterm,reflectstheendofsummerandthebeginningofautumn.Thefruitfulseasonisapproaching.Thefollowingareseveralthingsyoushouldknowaboutit.“AutumnTiger”AlthoughStartofAutumnindicatesthebeginningofautumn,hotweatherwon’tcometoanend.TheperiodofhotdaysafterStartofAutumn,iscalled“AutumnTiger”.Becauseofdecreasingrainfall,itisevenmoresweltering(悶熱的)duringthisperiodthanduringMajorHeat.EatinglongansTheStartofAutumnperiodisharvesttimeforTaiwanlongan.Peoplebelievethateatinglonganwillhelptheirchildrenbecomeseniorofficials.EatingredbeansStartingfromtheTangDynastyandtheSongDynasty,peopleinYiwu,Zhejiangprovince,haveeatenredbeansonStartofAutumnday.Theytake7to14littlebeans,swallowingthemwithwellwater.Whentakingthebeans,onemustfacewest,itissaid,soasnottogetdysenteryduringtheautumn.Eatinggourds(葫蘆)DuringtheQingDynasty,peoplewouldputgourdsoutsideforadaybeforetheStartofAutumn,andeatthemonStartofAutumndaytodriveoffthesummerheat.TodaypeopleinTianjinstillkeepthiscustom,believingthateatingmelonssuchastowelgourd,whitegourdandbittergourdcanpreventdiarrhea(腹瀉)inautumn.1.Whatcauses“AutumnTiger”accordingtothepassage?A.Thereducingrainfall. B.Theendingofsummer.C.Theapproachingautumn. D.Thebeginningofthesolarterm.2.Whatisthecommonbeliefforpeopletoeatredbeansandgourds?A.Toavoidheat. B.Tokeepthecustom.C.Topreventdiseases. D.Tohelpchildrenbecomeseniorofficials.3.Inwhichcolumnofamagazinemightthepassagebetakenfrom?A.Sports. B.Culture. C.Entertainment. D.Politics.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了在中國(guó)的傳統(tǒng)文化中，關(guān)于立秋我們應(yīng)該知道的幾件事。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AutumnTiger部分中“Becauseofdecreasingrainfall,itisevenmoresweltering(悶熱的)duringthisperiodthanduringMajorHeat.(由于降雨量減少，這段時(shí)間比大暑期間更悶熱)”可知，“秋老虎”是由于降雨量減少，故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Eatingredbeans部分中“Whentakingthebeans,onemustfacewest,itissaid,soasnottogetdysenteryduringtheautumn.(據(jù)說(shuō)，吃豆子的時(shí)候一定要面朝西，以免在秋天得痢疾)”和Eatinggourds(葫蘆)部分中“TodaypeopleinTianjinstillkeepthiscustom,believingthateatingmelonssuchastowelgourd,whitegourdandbittergourdcanpreventdiarrhea(腹瀉)inautumn.(今天天津人仍然保留著這個(gè)習(xí)俗，認(rèn)為在秋天吃絲瓜、冬瓜、苦瓜可以預(yù)防腹瀉)”可知，人們吃紅豆和冬瓜是為了預(yù)防疾病，故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，結(jié)合第一段中“ThetraditionalChinesesolarcalendardividestheyearinto24solarterms.StartofAutumn,the13thsolarterm,reflectstheendofsummerandthebeginningofautumn.Thefruitfulseasonisapproaching.Thefollowingareseveralthingsyoushouldknowaboutit.(中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)的陽(yáng)歷將一年分為24個(gè)節(jié)氣。立秋，第13個(gè)節(jié)氣，反映了夏天的結(jié)束和秋天的開(kāi)始。豐收的季節(jié)即將來(lái)臨。以下是你應(yīng)該知道的幾件事)”可知，文章主要介紹了在中國(guó)的傳統(tǒng)文化中，關(guān)于立秋我們應(yīng)該知道的幾件事，應(yīng)是摘自雜志的文化部分，故選B。BEachmorningat6o’clock,evenonweekends,KamaljeetSingh,57,isupandoutofthehouse.Hestartsbyspendingthreehourshelpingdistributefoodtonearlytwodozendrop-offlocationsacrossDelhi,India,andthenchecksonthemanyfacilitiesrunbythevolunteerorganizationheleadswithhisbrother,Premjit.Theorganization,VeerjiKaDera,wasfoundedin1989bytheirfather,TrilokchanSingh.TrilokchanandhishelpersbegansupportingoneofIndia’smostunderservedgroups:themigrantworkerswhocametoDelhifromruralareas.Itstartedwithafreebreakfast,andeventuallythegroupwasalsoprovidingbasicfirstaidforminor,oftenjob-related,injuries.Duringthistime,Trilokchanwouldbeginhisdaysasearlyas4o’clockinthemorning,thengotohispaidjob5hourslater,andendeachdaybyvolunteeringintheevenings.Afterhisdeath,KamaljeetandPremjit,inspiredbytheirfather’slifetimeofservice,tookovertheorganization.“Wearecontinuinghislegacyofhelpingthepoorestofthepoor,”saysPremjit,61,“OuraimisthatnoonegoeshungryanduncaredforinDelhi.”VeerjiKaDeranowfeedsabout2500dailywageworkersandhomelesspeopleaday,inadditiontoprovidingbasicmedicalcareforasmanyas500people.ThegroupoperatesamainbuildinginwestDelhi,severalrentedfarms—growingcropssuchaswheat,mustard,milletandrice—anold-agehomeandclinics.Itevenoperatesananimalshelterhousingafewhundredrescuedcowsandbuffalo.It’sallmadepossiblebytheroughly250familieswhovolunteertheirtimetocook,drive,nurse,farmandclean.Kamaljeetandhiswife,Raminder,juggletheirvolunteerworkwithmanagingtheirsecurity-camerainstallation(設(shè)備)company,andtheygethelpfromtheirsonanddaughter-in-law,too.Hisotheradultchildren,whonowliveabroad,havevolunteeredinthepast,ashavePremjit’skids.Despitethesizeandscopeoftheorganization,thebrothersclaimitcausesthemnostress.Kamaljeetsaysspendingtimewithhisbrotherandthevolunteers—especiallyyoungpeople—is“thebest”.4.WhatcanwelearnaboutKamaljeetfromparagraph1?A.HesetsupVeerjiKaDera. B.Heisfondofgettingupearly.C.Heroutinelyhelpsthoseinneed. D.Hecanhavearestonweekends.5.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioningTrilokchan?A.Tocommentonhiswork. B.Tocomparehisworkwithhissons’.C.Toshowhisinfluenceonhissons. D.Todescribehistoughlivingconditions.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“juggle”meaninparagraph5?A.Combine. B.Share. C.Connect. D.Balance.7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Acaringfamily. B.Aworthyorganization.C.Amysterioustale. D.Ameaningfulexperience.【答案】4C5.C6.D7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了一個(gè)公益組織VeerjiKaDera。這個(gè)組織由TrilokchanSingh于1989年創(chuàng)立，他去世后由他的兩個(gè)兒子接管，250個(gè)志愿者家庭自愿花時(shí)間做飯、開(kāi)車、護(hù)理、種地和打掃衛(wèi)生，服務(wù)于從農(nóng)村地區(qū)來(lái)到德里的農(nóng)民工。他們的目標(biāo)是：在德里，沒(méi)有人挨餓，沒(méi)有人無(wú)人照顧?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Eachmorningat6o’clock,evenonweekends,KamaljeetSingh,57,isupandoutofthehouse.Hestartsbyspendingthreehourshelpingdistributefoodtonearlytwodozendrop-offlocationsacrossDelhi,India,andthenchecksonthemanyfacilitiesrunbythevolunteerorganizationheleadswithhisbrother,Premjit.Theorganization,VeerjiKaDera,wasfoundedin1989bytheirfather,TrilokchanSingh.(每天早上6點(diǎn)，57歲的卡瑪吉特·辛格就起床出門了，即使在周末也是如此。他首先要花3個(gè)小時(shí)幫助向印度德里的近24個(gè)送餐點(diǎn)分發(fā)食物，然后檢查由他和哥哥普雷姆吉特領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的志愿者組織運(yùn)營(yíng)的許多設(shè)施。這個(gè)名為VeerjiKaDera的組織由他們的父親TrilokchanSingh于1989年創(chuàng)立)”可知，Kamaljeet每天包括周末都是這樣忙著打理這個(gè)組織的事務(wù)，而這個(gè)組織是幫助那些困境中的人。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Afterhisdeath,KamaljeetandPremjit,inspiredbytheirfather’slifetimeofservice,tookovertheorganization.‘Wearecontinuinghislegacyofhelpingthepoorestofthepoor,’saysPremjit,61,‘OuraimisthatnoonegoeshungryanduncaredforinDelhi.’(父親去世后，卡瑪吉特和普雷姆吉特受到父親一生服務(wù)的啟發(fā)，接管了這個(gè)組織。61歲的普雷姆吉特說(shuō):‘我們正在繼承他的遺志，幫助有需要的窮人。我們的目標(biāo)是，在德里，沒(méi)有人挨餓，沒(méi)有人無(wú)人照顧’)”可知，作者提到這位父親是為了講述這兄弟兩個(gè)是在父親的影響下從事這個(gè)慈善事業(yè)的。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞后面的“theirvolunteerwork(做志愿者工作)”和“managingtheirsecurity-camerainstallation(設(shè)備)company(管理他們的安全攝像頭安裝公司)”可知，劃線詞和balance意義相近，他們要平衡好機(jī)構(gòu)的公益事業(yè)和自己的公司，兼顧兩者。故選D項(xiàng)。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章介紹了一個(gè)公益組織VeerjiKaDera。這個(gè)組織由TrilokchanSingh于1989年創(chuàng)立，他去世后由他的兩個(gè)兒子接管，250個(gè)志愿者家庭自愿花時(shí)間做飯、開(kāi)車、護(hù)理、種地和打掃衛(wèi)生，服務(wù)于從農(nóng)村地區(qū)來(lái)到德里的農(nóng)民工。他們的目標(biāo)是：在德里，沒(méi)有人挨餓，沒(méi)有人無(wú)人照顧，因此本文主要介紹一個(gè)有意義的公益組織。故選B項(xiàng)。CInsomnia(失眠)feelslikeacurseforthoselefttossingandturningastheytrytofallasleep.Suchproblemscanbenotonlyupsetting,butalsoharmfultothebrain,asrevealedinlastissue’sarticleonsleep.ScientistsfromtheUSUniversityofWashingtonhavebeenusingbracelets(手鐲)tomonitorthesleeppattersof507universitystudentsoveraperiodofthreeyears.Thebraceletsallowedscientistsnotonlytomonitorthesleeppatternsoftheirsubjectsbutalsotoexaminetheirexposuretolightduringtheday.Thedatarevealedthatthestudentsenjoyedaboutthesamequantityofsleepregardlessofseasons.Butonweeknightsinthewintertheywenttobed35minuteslater,andalsoroseagain27minuteslater,comparedwithweeknightsinthesummer.Thediscoverysurprisedthescientists.ThecityofSeattle,wheretheuniversityislocated,gets16hoursofdaylightinthesummerandonly8inthewinter.Theyexpectedthatlonglightsummereveningswouldkeepthestudentsuplonger—buttheoppositeprovedtobethecase.Accordingtothescientists,theexplanationmaybethatthelowquantityofdaylightinwinterdisturbsthestudents’internalclock,shiftingitbysome40minutes.Theysimplyspenttoolittletimeoutdoorsduringwintermonths.Thescientistsalsosuggestthatthetypeoflightmattersverymuch.“Lightduringtheday,particularlyinthemorning,affectsyourinternalclock,soyougettiredearlierintheevening,whilelightlateinthedayorearlyintheeveningdelaysyourtiredness,”explainsHoracio,ProfessorofBiologyattheUniversityofWashingtonandoneofthescientistsbehindthepublication.Accordingtohim,theresultsareanimportantremindertoallofus,notjustAmericanuniversitystudents,tothinkaboutlightlevelsandourexposure.“Manyofusliveincitieswithlotsofartificiallight,andatthesametimeourlifestylekeepsusindoorsduringtheday,”Horacionotes.“Thestudydemonstratesthatwehavetostepoutside—evenbriefly,andparticularlyinthemorning—tobesubjectedtonaturallight.”8.Whatdoesparagraph1intendtotellus?AThesignsofinsomnia. B.Thecausesofinsomnia.C.Theexperiencesofinsomnia. D.Theproblemsofinsomnia.9.Whatsurprisedthescientists?A.LonghoursofdaylightinSeattle’ssummer.B.Thesamequantityofsleepwhatevertheseason.C.Thechangeablesleeppatternsoftheparticipants.D.Theshortersleepingtimeinwinterweeknights.10.Whatisthefunctionofparagraph6?A.Tostateanotherproblem. B.Topresentdoubt.C.Toprovideanotherexplanation. D.Togiveevidence.11.WhatdoesHoracioadviseustodofromthelastparagraph?A.Haveenoughsleep. B.Getoutearlytoenjoynaturallight.C.Dealwithlightpollution. D.Stayindoortoavoidlightexposure.【答案】8.D9.B10.C11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文，文章主要講述美國(guó)華盛頓大學(xué)的科學(xué)家們進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)關(guān)于睡眠的調(diào)查，發(fā)現(xiàn)光線類型和暴露時(shí)長(zhǎng)都會(huì)影響睡眠時(shí)間，最后建議人們?cè)缟先敉庀硎茏匀还獾恼丈??！?題詳解】段落大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Insomnia(失眠)feelslikeacurseforthoselefttossingandturningastheytrytofallasleep.Suchproblemscanbenotonlyupsetting,butalsoharmfultothebrain,asrevealedinlastissue’sarticleonsleep.(對(duì)于那些在試圖入睡時(shí)輾轉(zhuǎn)反側(cè)的人來(lái)說(shuō)，失眠就像是一種詛咒。正如上一期關(guān)于睡眠的文章所揭示的那樣，這些問(wèn)題不僅會(huì)讓人心煩意亂，而且對(duì)大腦有害)”可知，第一段旨在告訴我們失眠的問(wèn)題，故選D。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Thedatarevealedthatthestudentsenjoyedaboutthesamequantityofsleepregardlessofseasons.(數(shù)據(jù)顯示，無(wú)論季節(jié)如何，學(xué)生們的睡眠時(shí)間都是一樣的)”和第四段中“Thediscoverysurprisedthescientists.(這一發(fā)現(xiàn)使科學(xué)家們大吃一驚)”以及“Theyexpectedthatlonglightsummereveningswouldkeepthestudentsuplonger(他們?cè)詾槁L(zhǎng)而明亮的夏夜會(huì)讓學(xué)生們睡得更久)”可知，科學(xué)家原以為夏天學(xué)生們會(huì)睡更長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，但數(shù)據(jù)顯示學(xué)生們的睡眠時(shí)間都是一樣的，這使使科學(xué)家們大吃一驚，故選B?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。第五段中“Accordingtothescientists,theexplanationmaybethat…(據(jù)科學(xué)家解釋，這可能是……)”解釋了其中一個(gè)原因，根據(jù)第六段中“Thescientistsalsosuggestthatthetypeoflightmattersverymuch.(科學(xué)家們還指出，光的類型也很重要)”可知，第六段是解釋另一個(gè)原因，故選C?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Thestudydemonstratesthatwehavetostepoutside—evenbriefly,andparticularlyinthemorning—tobesubjectedtonaturallight.(這項(xiàng)研究表明，我們必須走出家門，哪怕只是一小會(huì)兒，尤其是在早晨，接受自然光的照射)”可知，Horacio建議我們?cè)缟先敉庀硎茏匀还獾恼丈洌蔬xB。DAreyougoodatinterpretingotherpeople’semotions?Thenthere’sagoodchancethatyou’realsogoodatunderstandingwhatanimalstrytosay.AnewDanish-SwissstudypublishedintheopenjournalRoyalSocietyOpenScienceindicatesthatempathetic(能共情的)peoplearealsogoodatdecoding(解讀)animalsounds.Otherfactorsalsoimproveyourchanceofcommunicatingwithanimals—youaremorelikelytobeanimal-empatheticifyoualsoworkwithanimals,andtheabilityseemstopeakinthoseaged20-29yearsold,accordingtothescientists.“Ourresultsshowthat,basedonanimalsounds,peopleareabletotellwhetherananimalisagitated(焦慮不安的)ornotandwhethertheanimalexpressespositiveornegativeemotions,”saysbehaviouralbiologistElodieBrieferfromtheUniversityofCopenhagen’sFacultyofScience.“Thisistrueinconnectionwithanumberofdifferentmammals.Wecanalsoseethatourabilitytointerpretthesoundsdependsonfactorssuchasage,first-handknowledgeofanimals,andnotleasthowempatheticwearetowardsotherpeople.”Thestudywasbasedonanswersfrom1024peopleacross48countries.Theywereintroducedtosoundsfromsixmammals:goats,cattle,domesticatedhorses,Asianwildhorses,pigs,andwildboars.Thesoundsfromthesixanimalswereplayedtothestudy’srespondentstogetherwithsoundsofhumannonsense(胡言亂語(yǔ))producedbyactors.Afterwards,theparticipantshadtoguesswhetherthesoundsexpressedahighorlowlevelofagitation,andiftheemotionswerepositiveornegative.Followingthetest,theparticipantswereaskedtotakeanempathytestthatmeasuredtheirempathytowardshumanbeings.“Itisaconvincingtestwhichmeasuresempathytowardsotherpeople,”ElodieBrieferexplains.“Andwesawaclearconnectionwiththeabilitytointerpretanimalsounds.”12.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopicofthepassage?A.Bystatingopinions. B.Byquotingasaying.C.Bygivinganexample. D.Byaskingaquestion.13.Whomightbebestatunderstandinganimalemotionsbasedonthestudy?A.A15-year-oldhard-workingstudent. B.A25-year-oldcaringanimalraiser.C.A29-year-oldexperiencedhunter. D.A30-year-oldfriendlyteacher.14.WhatdoesElodieBrieferthinkofthetestinvolved?A.Doubtful. B.Reliable. C.Ineffective. D.Disappointing.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Humanempathyextendstoanimals B.EmotioninterpretationhelpsanimalsC.Soundinterpretationdependsonages D.Emotionexpressionprotectsanimals【答案】12.D13.B14.B15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了研究表明有同理心的人也擅長(zhǎng)解碼動(dòng)物的聲音?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Areyougoodatinterpretingotherpeople’semotions?Thenthere’sagoodchancethatyou’realsogoodatunderstandingwhatanimalstrytosay.(你善于解讀別人的情緒嗎?那么很有可能你也很擅長(zhǎng)理解動(dòng)物想說(shuō)什么。)”接下來(lái)第二段講述文章的主題“AnewDanish-Swissstudypublishedintheopenjournal

RoyalSocietyOpenScience

indicatesthatempathetic(能共情的)peoplearealsogoodatdecoding(解讀)animalsounds.(發(fā)表在開(kāi)放期刊《皇家學(xué)會(huì)開(kāi)放科學(xué)》上的一項(xiàng)丹麥——瑞士聯(lián)合研究表明，有同理心的人也擅長(zhǎng)解碼動(dòng)物的聲音。)”可知，作者通過(guò)提問(wèn)來(lái)引出文章的主題。故選D。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Otherfactorsalsoimproveyourchanceofcommunicatingwithanimals—youaremorelikelytobeanimal-empatheticifyoualsoworkwithanimals,andtheabilityseemstopeakinthoseaged20-29yearsold,accordingtothescientists.(其他因素也會(huì)增加你與動(dòng)物交流的機(jī)會(huì)——如果你也和動(dòng)物一起工作，你更有可能具有動(dòng)物同理心，而且這種能力似乎在20-29歲的人身上達(dá)到頂峰。)”可知，一個(gè)25歲的有愛(ài)心的動(dòng)物飼養(yǎng)員可能最能理解動(dòng)物的情緒。故選B?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段““Itisaconvincingtestwhichmeasuresempathytowardsotherpeople,”ElodieBrieferexplains.“Andwesawaclearconnectionwiththeabilitytointerpretanimalsounds.”(ElodieBriefer解釋說(shuō)：“這是一個(gè)令人信服的測(cè)試，可以衡量對(duì)他人的同理心。”“我們發(fā)現(xiàn)這與解釋動(dòng)物聲音的能力有明顯的聯(lián)系。”)”可知，ElodieBriefer認(rèn)為測(cè)試是可靠的。故選B。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章主題段第二段“AnewDanish-SwissstudypublishedintheopenjournalRoyalSocietyOpenScienceindicatesthatempathetic(能共情的)peoplearealsogoodatdecoding(解讀)animalsounds.(發(fā)表在開(kāi)放期刊《皇家學(xué)會(huì)開(kāi)放科學(xué)》上的一項(xiàng)丹麥-瑞士聯(lián)合研究表明，有同理心的人也擅長(zhǎng)解碼動(dòng)物的聲音)”可知，文章主要講述的是有同理心的人也擅長(zhǎng)解碼動(dòng)物的聲音，A項(xiàng)：Humanempathyextendstoanimals(人類的同理心也延伸到了動(dòng)物身上)合乎題意。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Theworldcontinuestostrugglewithextremeheatwaves,whicharebecomingevenmoreregularthankstoclimatechange.____16____Researchershavefoundthatbywearingappropriateclothes,itispossibletosaveconsiderableenergy,bothsavingmoneyandcuttinggreenhousegasemissions.Sowhatshouldyouwear?Whenitcomestocolour,mostpeoplewearwhiteinsummer,becausewhitereflectsthesun’srays,ratherthanabsorbthelight.____17____Whenthatheatfromourbodieshitsthewhiteclothing,itisreflectedbackatus.AstudyofwhyBedouins,wholiveindesertregionsintheArabianpeninsula,MiddleEastandNorthAfricawearblackrobes(袍服)inthedesert,foundthatheatexposurewasthesamewhethertheyworeblackorwhiterobes.Howisthatpossible?Blackcolouredfabricsabsorbheatcomingfromthebody,whichplaysaroleincoolingyourbodydown.____18____Theclothesheatupthespacebetweenthefabricandtheskin,promotinganupwardaircurrent-likeachimney-andprovidingcoolingrelief.____19____Intermsofmaterial,it’sbettertohavefabricsthatallowwatervapour(蒸氣)topassthrough.Cottonabsorbsmoisturebutitdoesn’tdryquickly,soifyou’resweatingalotyourclotheswillstaywet.____20____Lineniswidelywornasithasexcellentbreathabilityduetoitslargefibres,butlikecottonitisslowtodry.Merinowoolhasbeenapopularchoiceforoutdoorenthusiastsasit’sbreathable.Therefore,itturnsoutthatpickinganoutfittostaycoolismorecomplexthansimplythrowingonawhiteT-shirt.Buttherightfabricandappropriatefitwork.A.Itmeanscottondoesnotdosogreatwiththis.B.Cottonisconsideredasthemostcomfortablematerial.C.Theclothingwewearisavitalcomponentinhowwestaycool.D.Sothefitoftheclothingisactuallymoreimportantthanthecolour.E.Soifyouareconsideringwhattowear,thenstickwithwhiteT-shirt.F.However,heatdoesn’tjustcomefromthesun—itcomesfromourbodiestoo.G.TheBedouin’ssecretiswearingloose-fittingblackclothing,especiallyifit’swindy.【答案】16.C17.F18.G19.D20.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了衣服的材質(zhì)、合身度、顏色對(duì)穿著涼爽的影響。【16題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Theworldcontinuestostrugglewithextremeheatwaves,whicharebecomingevenmoreregularthankstoclimatechange.(世界繼續(xù)與極端熱浪作斗爭(zhēng)，由于氣候變化，極端熱浪變得更加頻繁)”以及后文“Researchershavefoundthatbywearingappropriateclothes,itispossibletosaveconsiderableenergy,bothsavingmoneyandcuttinggreenhousegasemissions.Sowhatshouldyouwear?(研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，通過(guò)穿著合適的衣服，可以節(jié)省大量能源，既省錢又減少溫室氣體排放。那么你應(yīng)該穿什么呢？)”可知，上文提到了極端熱浪天氣，后文則提到了合適的衣服，可知本句是在說(shuō)明衣服和保持涼爽之間的關(guān)系。故C選項(xiàng)“我們穿的衣服是保持涼爽的重要因素”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Whenitcomestocolour,mostpeoplewearwhiteinsummer,becausewhitereflectsthesun’srays,ratherthanabsorbthelight.(說(shuō)到顏色，大多數(shù)人在夏天穿白色，因?yàn)榘咨珪?huì)反射陽(yáng)光，而不是吸收陽(yáng)光)”以及后文“Whenthatheatfromourbodieshitsthewhiteclothing,itisreflectedbackatus.AstudyofwhyBedouins,wholiveindesertregionsintheArabianpeninsula,MiddleEastandNorthAfricawearblackrobes(袍服)inthedesert,foundthatheatexposurewasthesamewhethertheyworeblackorwhiterobes.(當(dāng)我們身體的熱量接觸到白色衣服時(shí)，它會(huì)反射回我們身上。一項(xiàng)關(guān)于為什么居住在阿拉伯半島、中東和北非沙漠地區(qū)的貝都因人在沙漠中穿黑袍的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，無(wú)論他們穿黑袍還是白袍，接觸的熱量都是一樣的)”可知，上文提到了白色反光，后文則提到了當(dāng)我們身體的熱量接觸到白色衣服時(shí)，它會(huì)反射回我們身上，說(shuō)明熱量也來(lái)自于身體。故F選項(xiàng)“然而，熱量不僅來(lái)自太陽(yáng)，也來(lái)自我們的身體”符合語(yǔ)境，故選F。【18題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Howisthatpossible?Blackcolouredfabricsabsorbheatcomingfromthebody,whichplaysaroleincoolingyourbodydown.(這怎么可能呢？黑色的布料會(huì)吸收來(lái)自身體的熱量，起到降溫的作用)”以及后文“Theclothesheatupthespacebetweenthefabricandtheskin,promotinganupwardaircurrent-likeachimney-andprovidingcoolingrelief.(這種衣服加熱了織物和皮膚之間的空間，促進(jìn)了向上的氣流，就像煙囪一樣，并提供了涼爽的緩解)”可知，本句主要是在說(shuō)明穿某種衣服可以保持涼爽，G選項(xiàng)中l(wèi)oose-fittingblackclothing對(duì)應(yīng)后文Theclothes。故G選項(xiàng)“貝都因人的秘密是穿著寬松的黑色衣服，尤其是在刮風(fēng)的時(shí)候”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Theclothesheatupthespacebetweenthefabricandtheskin,promotinganupwardaircurrent-likeachimney-andprovidingcoolingrelief.(這種衣服加熱了織物和皮膚之間的空間，促進(jìn)了向上的氣流，就像煙囪一樣，并提供了涼爽的緩解)”可知，上文提到了衣服和皮膚之間空間的大小會(huì)影響穿著的溫度，即合身度的重要性。故D選項(xiàng)“所以衣服的合身度實(shí)際上比顏色更重要”符合語(yǔ)境，故選D。【20題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Intermsofmaterial,it’sbettertohavefabricsthatallowwatervapour(蒸氣)topassthroughCottonabsorbsmoisturebutitdoesn’tdryquickly,soifyou’resweatingalotyourclotheswillstaywet.(在面料方面，最好選擇能讓水蒸氣通過(guò)的面料。棉質(zhì)吸收水分，但不會(huì)很快干，所以如果你出汗很多，你的衣服就會(huì)保持潮濕)”可知，上文提到了棉質(zhì)會(huì)吸收水分，你的衣服就會(huì)保持潮濕，說(shuō)明棉花不利于透氣和保持涼爽，故A選項(xiàng)“這意味著棉花在這方面做得不太好?！狈险Z(yǔ)境，故選A。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。KATHYXU,ahighschoolteacher,hadalwayswantedtoseeasharkinthewild.The____21____finallycamein2011,whenshewentonasnorkelling(浮潛)triptotheNingalooReef.Insteadofbeing____22____ofthewhaleshark,shewasinspiredbyits____23____andgrace.XulaterlearnedaboutthesharktradeinthevillageofTanjungLuar.Curious,Xu____24____thevillage.Shespokewithseveralfishermen.Sharkfishingis____25____andinvolveshardphysicalwork,butit’soneoffewwaysto____26____theirfamilies.OncethefishermenheardXulikedsnorkelling.theyurgedhertovisitthecoralreefs(珊瑚礁)nearby.Thereefswere____27____,alivewithlifeandcolour.Xuwasconfidentthatsnorkellingboattripwasthe____28____—awaythefishermencouldmakealivingwithoutriskingcatchingsharks.Inlate2012,Xu____29____herfull-timeteachingjobtofocusonbuildingTheDorsalEffect,anecotourismbusinessshehopedwould____30____thedecliningsharkpopulation.Inlate2013,TheDorsalEffect____31____itsfirstboattrip.Snorkellerspaid$120foraone-daytripto____32____placesthelocalfishermenknowaboutbutcouldnotbefoundonaGooglesearch.It____33____amuchmorereliableincomeforthefishermen.Now,Xuisproudofthesmall____34____happeninginthevillage,fromthefishermenwhonowhaveanewwaytoearnanincometotheschoolchildrenwholearnaboutsharkson____35____.“Ilovethebeautifulsharksanddecidedtochangethenegativeopinionpeoplehaveofthem,”Xusays.21.A.idea B.opportunity C.experience D.hope22.A.fond B.ashamed C.scared D.careful23.A.beauty B.flexibility C.responsibility D.variety24.A.hidin B.fledto C.ranin D.headedto25.A.risky B.funny C.fancy D.worthy26.A.protect B.amuse C.support D.serve27.A.disappointing B.confusing C.amazing D.boring28.A.guidance B.result C.problem D.solution29.A.quit B.enjoyed C.continued D.found30.A.control B.ensure C.keep D.save31.A.realized B.launched C.delayed D.evaluated32.A.defend B.empty C.design D.explore33.A.provides B.prepares C.lowers D.limits34.A.events B.disasters C.joys D.changes35.A.business B.tour C.campus D.duty【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.A26.C27.C28.D29.A30.D31.B32.D33.A34.D35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述一名高中教師KathyXu喜歡鯊魚，后來(lái)，她了解到捕鯊的漁民是為了生計(jì)，她決定成立一家生態(tài)旅游企業(yè)去解決漁民的生計(jì)問(wèn)題，從而保護(hù)鯊魚的數(shù)量?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：2011年，機(jī)會(huì)終于來(lái)了，那時(shí)候她去寧格魯礁(NingalooReef)浮潛。A.idea主意；B.opportunity機(jī)會(huì)；C.experience經(jīng)驗(yàn)；D.hope希望。根據(jù)前文“KATHYXU,ahighschoolteacher,hadalwayswantedtoseeasharkinthewild.”可知，她一直想看野外的鯊魚，所以此處應(yīng)是機(jī)會(huì)來(lái)了。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她沒(méi)有害怕鯨鯊，而是被它的美麗和優(yōu)雅所鼓舞。A.fond喜歡的；B.ashamed羞愧；C.scared害怕的；D.careful小心。根據(jù)后文“whaleshark”結(jié)合選項(xiàng)和常識(shí)可知，常人遇到鯨鯊是感到害怕的。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她沒(méi)有害怕鯨鯊，而是被它的美麗和優(yōu)雅所鼓舞。A.beauty美麗；B.flexibility靈活性；C.responsibility責(zé)任；D.variety不同種類。根據(jù)后文“andgrace”可知，空處和grace并列，根據(jù)選項(xiàng)，應(yīng)是“beauty美麗”符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：出于好奇，徐向村子走去。A.hidin藏起來(lái)；B.fledto逃到；C.ranin磨合；D.headedto前往。根據(jù)后文“Shespokewithseveralfishermen.”可知，她和幾個(gè)漁民談過(guò)，所以是前往村子。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：捕鯊是有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的，需要做艱苦的體力勞動(dòng)，但這是為數(shù)不多的養(yǎng)家糊口的方式之一。A.risky有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的；B.funny有趣的；C.fancy昂貴的；D.worthy值得的。根據(jù)后文文“awaythefishermencouldmakealivingwithoutriskingcatchingsharks.”可知，捕鯊是有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的。故選A項(xiàng)。【26題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：捕鯊是有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的，需要做艱苦的體力勞動(dòng)，但這是為數(shù)不多的養(yǎng)家糊口的方式之一。A.protect防護(hù)；B.amuse娛樂(lè)；C.support養(yǎng)活；支持；D.serve服務(wù)。根據(jù)后文“awaythefishermencouldmakealivingwithoutriskingcatchingsharks.”可知，漁民捕鯊是為了生計(jì)，所以是supporttheirfamilies意為“養(yǎng)家”符合語(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)。【27題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：珊瑚礁是驚奇的，充滿了生命和色彩。A.disappointing令人失望的；B.confusing令人困惑；C.amazing令人大為驚奇的；D.boring沒(méi)趣的。根據(jù)后文“alivewithlifeandcolour.”可知，充滿了生命和色彩，是令人大為驚奇的。故選C項(xiàng)。【28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：徐相信浮潛船之旅是解決問(wèn)題的辦法，這是一種漁民可以在不冒著捕獲鯊魚的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的情況下謀生的方式。A.guidance指導(dǎo)；B.result后果；C.problem問(wèn)題；D.solution解決方案。根據(jù)后文“awaythefishermencouldmakealivingwithoutriskingcatchingsharks.”可知，是一種辦法。故選D項(xiàng)。【29題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：2012年底，徐辭去了全職教師的工作，專注于建立生態(tài)旅游企業(yè)TheDorsalEffect，她希望借此挽救不斷減少的鯊魚數(shù)量。A.quit辭職；退出；B.enjoyed享受；C.continued持續(xù)；D.found找到。根據(jù)后文“tofocusonbuildingTheDorsalEffect,anecotourismbusiness”可知，她建立生態(tài)旅游企業(yè)，所以是辭去了全職教師的工作。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：2012年底，徐辭去了全職教師的工作，專注于建立生態(tài)旅游企業(yè)TheDorsalEffect，她希望借此挽救不斷減少的鯊魚數(shù)量。A.control控制；B.ensure確保；C.keep保持；D.save挽救。根據(jù)前文“Inlate2012,Xu9herfull-timeteachingjobtofocusonbuildingT