2021屆高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)組合練十四閱讀理解閱讀七選五語(yǔ)法填空含解析

組合練（十四）閱讀理解+閱讀七選五十語(yǔ)法填空

1.閱讀理解

A

success.Researchersoflifeandinmanysituations,persuadingpeopletodowhatyouwantthem

todoisthekeytosuccess.Researchershavelookedintodifferentaspectsofpersuasionand

comeupwithsomeinterestingresultswhicharesurelyhelpfultous.

sales.InsteadertisingcopywritercameupwithanapproachtosellingaproductonaTVshopping

channelviaphonesales.InsteadofbeinginstructedOperatorsarewaiting,pleasecallnow”,

viewersweretold“Ifoperatorsarextraordinary.Thecall.Insteadresultswere

extraordinary.Theadsuggestedoperatorsweren，tsittingaroundhopingpeoplewouldcall.Instead

thereweresomanypeoplewantingtheproductthatpeoplemighthavetowaituntiltheycould

getit.

Whatrochoice.Ajam.Theone.Butbuy.Ifchoice.Aopletobuyorgetsomething?Onestudyina

supermarketshowedtheeffectofchoice.Aparticularsupermarketdisplayedeither6or24

differentkindsofjam.Thelargedisplayattractedmoreinterestthanthesmallone.Butwhen

thetimecametopurchasethings,peoplewhosawthelargedisplaywereone-tenthaslikelyto

buy.Iftheydobuy,theyarelesscontentwiththeirselection,eventhoughtheyhavemadea

goodchoice.Awiderrangeofchoicesrequiremoretimeandeffortandleadtounreasonablyhigh

expectations.

mind.Itnotheraspectofpersuasionconcernsgettingsomeonetochangetheirmind.It'shardto

provetosomeonethatapreviousdecisioniswrong,andaspeoplegetoldertheygetlessand

lesswillingtochangemind.Peoplemind.Peoplewantthingstobeunwavering；theywanttheir

attitudes,statements,valuesandactionstofollowasetpattern.Theonlywaytopersuadethem

tochangeistoacknowledgethisbyagreeingthatthepreviousdecisiontheymadeisaperfectly

understandableone.Thisallowsthemtofocusonyoursuggestionwithoutfeelingtheirprevious

decisioniswrong.Asaresult,theymaybepersuadedtobreakoutoftheirestablishedpattern.

［語(yǔ)篇解讀］說服別人對(duì)取得成功至關(guān)重要，作者在文中介紹了在實(shí)際生活中說服別人的不同方式，以展

示應(yīng)該如何做說服工作。

1.Whatdoestheadvertisingcopywriterwanttoindicateabouttheproduct?

A.It'sindemand.B.It'srare.

C.It'sforsale.D.It'sprecious.

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“Theadsuggestedoperatorsweren，tsittingaroundhopingpeople

wouldcall.Insteadthereweresomanypeoplewantingtheproductthatpeoplemighthavetowait

untiltheycouldgetit.”可知，告知觀眾“如果接線員正忙，請(qǐng)?jiān)俸艚小?，而不是“接線員正在等待,

請(qǐng)現(xiàn)在呼叫”是一種說服策略。接線員正忙，說明訂購(gòu)的人多，暗示產(chǎn)品受到大家的認(rèn)可，很搶手，故選

Aoindemand“需求大”。

答案：A

2.WhatdoesthestudymentionedinParagraph3show?

A.Moreselectionsbringmoreactions.

B.Increasedchoicedecreasessatisfaction.

C.Moreandmorepeopledon，twanttochoose.

D.Somechoicesaremoreattractivethanothers.

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Iftheydobuy,theyarelesscontentwiththeirselection,

eventhoughtheyhavemadeagoodchoice.Awiderrangeofchoicesrequiremoretimeandeffort

andleadtounreasonablyhighexpectations.可知,選擇的范圍變大，會(huì)增加人們對(duì)自己的決定的

不滿，因?yàn)楦嗟倪x擇需要投入更多的時(shí)間和更大的努力，人們也會(huì)產(chǎn)生過高的期望，由此可知本題選B。

答案：B

3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“unwavering“inthelastparagraphmean?

A.Reliable.B.Demanding.

C.Unique.D.Consistent.

解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。畫線詞前面談到“隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，人們?cè)絹碓讲辉敢飧淖冏约旱南敕ā?，該詞后面

談到“人們希望自己的態(tài)度、言論、價(jià)值觀和行動(dòng)都遵循既定的模式”。由此推知畫線詞所在句應(yīng)表示人

們希望事情（觀點(diǎn)、決定等）始終如一，故畫線詞與consistent”一致的，始終如一的”意義相近。reliable

“可靠的"；demanding“要求高的"；unique“獨(dú)特的”。

答案：D

4.Whatistheauthor，spurposeinwritingthetext?

A.Tocomparedifferentformsofpersuasion.

B.Todiscussvariousstudiesonpersuasion.

C.Toteachhowtogetbetteratpersuasion.

D.Toanalyzehowpersuasionaffectssuccess.

解析：寫作意圖題。根據(jù)第一段“Inmanywalksoflifeandinmanysituations,persuadingpeople

todowhatyouwantthemtodoisthekeytosuccess...someinterestingresultswhicharesurely

helpfultous."可知，說服影響著人們的成功，研究人員研究了說服的不同方面，得出了一些有趣的結(jié)

果，這些結(jié)果會(huì)對(duì)我們有幫助。下文作者介紹了三個(gè)方面的說服案例和說服策略，其目的很明顯：教人們

如何更好地說服別人做某事。

答案：C

B

Twounusualgroups—thesamecompaniesthatarecausingthemostpollution,theBPoilcompany

andDeltaAirLines,bothannouncedplanstobecomecarbonneutral（碳中和）by2050through

decreasingresourceusageaswellasapplyingusefultechnology.Severalotherlargeoil

companies,likeShell,Total,andEni,haveannouncedsimilargoals.Otherairlines,likeQantas

andJetBlue,areworkingonthesameplan.Sinceairlinetravelcausesaround2%—3%oftheworld's

greenhousegases,makingairlinescarbonneutralwouldbeagreatstep.Somepeoplebelievethe

companiesare“greenwashing”.Theyarerunningthebusinessesthewaytheyusedtoperform,

andnoneplantostoptheirpollutingactivitiesrightaway.Orsomecompaniesplantomeetsome

climategoalsbybuying“carbonoffsets（補(bǔ)償）”,whichmeanspayingsomeoneelsetocut

pollutionorremovegreenhousegases.Butit'snotalwaysclearthatoffsettingtrulylowers

pollution.

Globalheatingisahugepartoftheclimateemergency.Theworldisgettinghottermainly

becausehumansareburning“fossil（化石）fuels“l(fā)ikecoalandoil.Thesefuelsgiveoff

pollutantsoftencalledgreenhousegases.Tobecomecarbonneutral,it'snecessarytostopburning

fossilfuels.Climateexpertshavesaidthebestsolutionistoleaveoilandcoalintheground,

althoughit'sstillhardtoreachforthemoment.Theusualwaymostcompaniesadoptisplanting

treesandallowingmoreareasforforest."It'sslowbutgood,“saidanexpertfromUNEP.

Man-madetechnologytoremovelargequantitiesofgreenhousegasesfromtheatmosphere

doesn'texistyet.Theideabehindthistechnologyisthatpollutinggasescouldberemovedfrom

theatmosphere,caught,andstoredsomehow-usuallyunderground.Thoughmanyquestionsremain

abouthowthecompanieshopetomeettheirgoals,sincethemaintechnologytheyexpectandneed

isinaccessible,theirplannedchangesareactuallykeepingupwiththedevelopmentofmodern

society.What'smore,theyareputtingbillionsofdollarsintotheefforttomakecarboncapture

technologyhappen.

［語(yǔ)篇解讀］為減少大氣中的溫室氣體，世界上幾家大的石油公司和航空公司相繼宣布成為“碳中和”公

司的計(jì)劃，減少碳排放量。他們提供資金，開發(fā)碳捕獲技術(shù)。

5.WhydosomepeoplesaythecompaniesmentionedinParagraph1aregreenwashing?

A.Theyjustbuycarbonoffsets.

B.Theypaylipservicetoenvironmentalissues.

C.Theyallplantobecarbonneutral.

D.Theydonotshareacommonplanandgoal.

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“Theyarerunningthebusinessesthewaytheyusedtoperform,

andnoneplantostoptheirpollutingactivitiesrightaway.”可知，有人認(rèn)為這些公司在“漂

綠”，是因?yàn)樗麄儗?shí)際上還是在以過去的方式經(jīng)營(yíng)企業(yè)，沒有人打算立即停止污染活動(dòng)，或者他們計(jì)劃通

過購(gòu)買“碳補(bǔ)償”來實(shí)現(xiàn)這些氣候目標(biāo)，但人們并不總是清楚碳補(bǔ)償行為是否真的能降低污染。也就是說，

關(guān)于環(huán)境污染問題，他們只是口頭上說說，未采取行動(dòng)。paylipserviceto指“對(duì)……只予以口頭上的

支持”，故選B。

答案：B

02/5

6.Whatistheexistingwaytoreducegreenhousegases?

A.Expandingforestcoverage.

B.Stoppingburningfossilfuels.

C.Catchingandstoringthegases.

D.Closingdownpollutingfactories.

解析:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Theusualwaymostcompaniesadoptisplantingtreesandallowing

moreareasforforest.'It'sslowbutgood.'saidanexpertfromUNEP.”可知，現(xiàn)在最可行的辦

法就是多種樹，擴(kuò)大森林面積，故A項(xiàng)“擴(kuò)大森林覆蓋率”符合題意。

答案：A

7.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetotheannouncementbythecompanies?

A.Ambiguous.B.Skeptical.

C.Positive.D.Critical.

解析：觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段可知，作者認(rèn)為雖然這些公司需要的碳捕獲技術(shù)還沒有開發(fā)出來，但他

們的這些計(jì)劃（成為“碳中和”公司）跟上了現(xiàn)代社會(huì)的發(fā)展，此外，他們正投入數(shù)十億美元來實(shí)現(xiàn)碳捕獲

技術(shù)。由此推知，作者對(duì)此的態(tài)度是積極的。

答案：C

8.What'sthebesttitleofthetext?

A.WhatPossiblyLeadstoGlobalHeating?

B.CompaniesTakeonClimateEmergency

C.WhoAreResponsibleforGreenhouseGases?

D.TechnologyforClimateChangeIsontheWay

解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。文章第一段談到了很多企業(yè)紛紛宣布成為“碳中和”公司或計(jì)劃購(gòu)買“碳補(bǔ)償”來實(shí)

現(xiàn)氣候目標(biāo)；第二段談到了溫室效應(yīng)與緩解方法；第三段談到了碳捕獲技術(shù)的開發(fā)以及作者對(duì)企業(yè)成為

“碳中和”公司的行動(dòng)的態(tài)度。綜合來看，B項(xiàng)較為完整地概括了文章主題，體現(xiàn)了文章重心，適合用作

標(biāo)題。takeon表示“決定做，同意負(fù)責(zé)，承擔(dān)（責(zé)任）”。

答案：B

II.閱讀七選五

Everyoneisbornwiththeabilitytolearn.Therearenormallytwotypesoflearninginour

dailylifeandstudy—activelearningandpassive（被動(dòng)的）learning.[Thiswillhelpyou

developahabitofactivelearninggradually.

2Ibetthatnoonesitsdowntoreadwiththepurposeofnotgettingthecontents.But

rmsurethatsomeofyouhavebeeninasituation,probablymorethanonce,whereyoureadan

assignment,closedthebookandthought“whattheworldwasabout."3Active

readers,ontheotherhand,setgoalsandchecktheirunderstandingastheyread.Whentheyfinish,

theycanexplainthemainpointsandknowthatthey，veseenwhattheyhaveread.

Activelearnersthinkaboutinformationdeeplyandcritically.Beingthoughtfulisan

importantpartofactivelearning,becauseitmeansthatyouareanalyzingandabsorbingthe

information.4Forinstance,youmaymakeconnectionsbetweenthenewinformationandwhat

youalreadyknow,identifyconceptsthatyoumaynotunderstandverywell,orevaluatethe

importanceofwhatyouarereading.Anactivelearnerconsidersconstantlyinthisway.In

contrast,passivelearnersmayreadthetextandlistentolecturesandevenunderstandmost

ofwhatisreadandheard.5

Al1inall,behaviorofanactivelearnerandapassiveonevariesgreatly.Equipping

yourselfwithstudystrategies（策略）ofactivelearnersmayeventuallyhelpyoubecomeoneof

them.

A.Passivelearnerswon'tbestrictwiththemselves.

B.Youneedtoknowsomedifferencesbetweenthem.

C.Inotherwords,youareprocessingwhatyouread.

D.However,thatimportantstepofreflectingonitisnottaken.

E.Activelearnersacceptmuchoftheresponsibilityforlearning.

F.Wheninteractingwiththetextinthisway,youaredoingpassively.

G.Activelearnersstudywiththepurposeofgraspingandmemorizinginformation.

［語(yǔ)篇解讀］作者在文中介紹了兩種不同的學(xué)習(xí)類型——主動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)和被動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)，并介紹了它們的區(qū)

別，讓學(xué)生了解主動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)是如何進(jìn)行的，進(jìn)而養(yǎng)成主動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)的習(xí)慣。

1.解析：上文提到通常有主動(dòng)和被動(dòng)兩種學(xué)習(xí)方式，下文內(nèi)容介紹了它們的不同，所以空處是承上啟下

句。故B項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境，且與最后一段中的“Allinall,behaviorofanactivelearnerandapassive

onevariesgreatly.w首尾相呼應(yīng)。

答案：B

2.解析：根據(jù)行文結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本空概括段落內(nèi)容，第二段主要講解不同學(xué)習(xí)模式中對(duì)閱讀的不同的處理

方式,再結(jié)合“setgoalsandchecktheirunderstanding...whattheyhaveread”可判斷,G項(xiàng)“主

動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)者帶著理解和記憶信息的目的進(jìn)行閱讀”正確。

答案：G

3.解析：空前內(nèi)容介紹一種不好的學(xué)習(xí)方式，空后有轉(zhuǎn)折詞組ontheotherhand,緊接著是主動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)者

如何進(jìn)行閱讀，故空前應(yīng)該是被動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)者的做法，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。

答案：F

4.日軍析：空前提至ljubecauseitmeansthatyouareanalyzingandabsorbingtheinformation”,

空后舉例說明如何思考及處理信息，C項(xiàng)是前文的釋義，且與下文表意一致，符合語(yǔ)境。

答案：C

5.解析：空前提到“相反，被動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)者閱讀和聽講座時(shí)能理解大部分內(nèi)容”，本文一直在對(duì)比兩種學(xué)習(xí)

方式的不同,故D項(xiàng)“However,thatimportantstepofreflectingonitisnottaken.w符合題意，

選項(xiàng)中的it指代空前的"whatisreadandheard”。

答案：D

III.語(yǔ)法填空

Chinesemuseumsmighthavebeen1.(temporary)closedearlierthisyear,

2.manyarestillopentoonlinevisitors.A3.(grow)numberofChinese

museumsarepresentingtheircollectionofartifacts(手工藝品)ontheInternet.SinceFebruary,

onlineplatformsincludingTaobaoandDouyin4.(hold)livestreaming(直播)eventsfrom

China'smuseums.Theprograms,5.havereceivedmorethan10million

6.(day)visits,haveprovedpopularaccordingtomediareports.Somelivestreaming

hostshavebecomeInternetcelebrities.BaiXuesong,thehostofXi'anBeilinMuseum's

livestreamingeventonSunday,receivedmorethan1.75million“l(fā)ikes”.Avoidingboring

descriptionwhileintroducingexhibits,hishumoroustoneandfunnystorieswonthe

7.(heart)ofhisaudience.Insteadofbeinglaidasideand8.(ignore),