2021年12月大學(xué)英語四級考試模擬試題及答案（二）

2021年12月大學(xué)英語四級考試模擬試題及答案（二）

卷面總分：12分答題時間：60分鐘試卷題量：12題練習(xí)次數(shù)：0?>

次

一、問答題（共12題，共120分）

1.

PartIReadingComprehension

Passage1

Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

InWashingtonD.C.,1600PennsylvaniaAvenueisaveryspecialaddress.

ItistheaddressoftheWhiteHouse,thehomeofthepresidentofthe

UnitedStates.

OriginallytheWhiteHousewasgrayandwascalledthePresidential

Palace.Itwasbuiltfrom1792to1800.atthistime,thecityof

Washingtonitselfwasbeingbuilt;itwastobethenation'snewcapital

city.GeorgeWashington,thefirstpresident,andPierreCharlesL'Enfant,

aFrenchengineer,chosetheplaceforthenewcity.L'Enfantthen

plannedtheycity.Thepresident'shomewasanimportantpartofthe

plan.

Acontestwasheldtopickadesignforthepresident*shome.An

architectnamedJamesHobanwon.Hedesignedalargethree-story

houseofgraystone.

PresidentWashingtonneverlivedinthePresidentPalace.Thefirst

presidenttolivetherewasJohnAdams,thesecondpresidentofthe

UnitedStates,andhiswifeMrs.Adamsdidnotreallylikehewnewhouse.

Inherletters,sheoftencomplainedaboutthecold.Fiftyfireplaceswere

notenoughtokeepthehousewarm!

In1812theUnitedStatesandBritainwenttowar.In1814theBritish

invadedWashington.Theuburnedmanybuildings,includingthe

PresidentialPalace.

AfterthewarJamesHoban,theoriginalarchitect,partiallyrebuiltthe

president'shomes.Tocoverthemarksofthefire,thebuildingwas

paintedwhite.BeforelongitbecameknownastheWhiteHouse.

TheWhiteHouseisoneofthemostpopulartouristattractionsinthe

UnitedStates.Everyyearmorethan1.5millionvisitorsgothroughthe

fiveroomsthatareopentothepublic.

1.TheWhiteHousewasbuiltinWashington.

A.becauseaFrenchengineerwasinvitedtodesignit

B.becausePresidentGeorgeWashingtonlikedtoliveinit

C.becausetheBritishinvaderslivedinitin1812-1814

D.becauseitwastobethenationzscapitalcity

2.ThePresidentialPalacewas.

A.paintedgrayandwhiteB.madeofgraystone

C.madeofwhitestoneD.madeverywarminwinter

3.Thepresident1shomeandthecityofWashingtonwere.

A.builtbytheAmericanarmyB.builtbytheBritishtroops

C.plannedbyGeorgeWashingtonD.plannedbytheFrench

4.Theoriginalhomeofthepresidentneededtoberebuilt.

A.becauseJohnAdam'swifedidnotlikeit

B.becauseitwascoldinwinterevenwith50fireplaces

C.becauseithadburneddownduringthewar

D.becauseGeorgeWashingtonwasnotwillingtoliveinit

5.Thenewpresidentialhomewaspaintedwhiteto.

A.coverthemarksoffireB.attracttouristfromFrance

C.topleaseMrs.JohnAdamsD.keepitwarminwinter

正確答案：

DBDCA

您的答案：

2.

Passage2

Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Therearetwokindsofmemory:shot-termandlong-term.Informationin

long-termmemorycanberememberedatalatertimewhenitisneeded.

Theinformationmaybekeptfordaysorweeks.However,information

overandover.Thefollowingexperimentshowshowshort-termmemory

hasbeenstudied.

HenningstudiedhowstudentswhoarelearningEnglishasasecond

languageremembervocabulary.Thesubjectsinhisexperimentwere75

collegestudents.TheyrepresentedalllevelsofabilityinEnglish:

beginning,intermediate,andnative-speakingstudents.

Tobegin,thesubjectslistenedtoarecordingofanativespeakerreading

aparagraphinEnglish.Followingtherecording,thesubjectstooka

15-questiontesttoseewhichwordstheyremembered,eachquestion

hadfourchoices.Thesubjectshadtocirclethewordtheyhadheardin

therecording.Someofthequestionshadfourchoicesthatsoundalike.

Forexample,weather,whether,wither,andwetterarefourwordsthat

soundalike.Someofthequestionshadfourchoicesthathavethesame

meaning.Method,way,manner,andsystemwouldbefourwordswith

thesamemeaning.Finallythesubjectstookalanguageproficiencytest.

HenningfoundthatstudentswithalowerproficiencyinEnglishmade

moreoftheirmistakesonwordsthatsoundalike;studentswithahigher

proficiencymademoreoftheirmistakesonwordsthathavethesame

meaning.Henning'sresultssuggestthatbeginningstudentsholdthe

soundofwordsintheirshort-termmemory,andadvancedstudentshold

themeaningofwordsintheirshort-termmemory.

6.Henningmadetheexperimentinordertostudy.

A.howstudentsrememberEnglishvocabularybyshort-termmemory

B.howstudentslearnEnglishvocabulary

C.howtodevelopstudents,abilityinEnglish

D.howlonginformationinshort-termmemoryiskept

7.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.Informationinshort-termmemoryisdifferentfromthatinlong-term

memory.

B.Long-termmemorycanbeachievedonlybytraining.

C.Itiseasiertotestshort-termmemorythanlong-termmemory.

D.Henninggaveaseparatetestonvocabularytohisstudents.

8.FromHenning,sresultwecanseethat.

A.beginnershavedifficultydistinguishingthepronunciationofwords

B.advancedstudentsrememberwordsbytheirmeaning

C.itisdifficulttorememberwordsthatsoundalike

D.itisdifficulttorememberwordsthathavethesamemeaning

9.Theword"subjects"inthepassagemeans.

A.memoryB.thethemeoflisteningmaterial

C.abranchofknowledgestudiedD.thestudentsexperimentedon

正確答案：

AAADC

您的答案：

3.

Passage3

Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Thecowboyistheheroofmanymovies,.Heis,eventoday,asymbolof

courageandadventure.Butwhatwasthelifeofthecowboyreallylike?

Thecowboy'sjobisclearfromthewordcowboy.Cowboyweremen

whotookcareofcowsandothercattle.ThecattlewereintheWestand

inTexas.PeopleinthecitiesoftheEastwantedbeefthesecattle.Trains

couldtakethecattleeast.Butfirstthecattlehadtogettothetrains.Part

ofthecowboy1sjobwastotakethecattlehundredsofmilestothe

railroadtown.Thetripswerecalledcattledrivers.Acattledriveusually

tookseveralmonths.Cowboysrodeforsixteenhoursaday.Because

theyrodesomuch,eachcowboybroughtalongabouteighthorses.A

cowboychangedhorsesseveraltimeseachday.

Thecowboyshadtomakesurethatcattlearrivedsafely.Beforestarting

onadrive,thecowboysbrandedthecattle.Theyburnedamarkonthe

cattletoshowwhotheybelongedto.Butthesemarksdidn,tstop

rustlers,orcattlethieves.Cowboyshadtoprotectthecattlefromrustlers.

Rustlersmadethedangeroustripevenmoredangerous.

Eventhoughtheirworkwasverydifficultanddangerous,cowboysdid

notearnmuchmoney.Theywerepaidbadly.Yetcowboyslikedtheirway

oflife.Theylivedinawildandopencountry.Theylivedalifeof

adventureandfreedom.

11.Acowboyisasymbolof.

A.courageandadventureB.ahardlifeandbigpay

C.moviesinthepastD.cowsandothercattle

12.Thecowboys'jobwas.

A.tobeaheroinreallifeB.tobeaheroofthemovie

C.totakecareofcattleD.tobeadangerousrustler

13.Duringacattledriver,cowboystookagroupofcowsfromawildand

opencountryto.

A.theWeststatesandTexasB.thecitiesoftheEastStates

C.thepeoplewhoeatbeefincitiesD.therailroadtownshundredmiles

away

14.Ontheirwayofcattledrivers,thecowboysprotectedthecattleby.

A.burningamarkontheircowsB.keepinganeyeoncattlethieves

C.makingthetripmoredangerousD.lookingaftereightcowseach

person

15.Cowboysenjoyedthemselvesbecause.

A.theylikedtheirwayoflifeB.theymadealotofmoney

C.theyhadavarydifficultjobD.theywereheroesinmovies

正確答案：

ACDBA

您的答案：

4.

Passage4

Questions16to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Successfulinnovationshavedrivenmanyoldertechnologiesto

extinctionandhaveresultedinhigherproductivity,greaterconsumption

ofenergy,increaseddemandofrawmaterials,acceleratedflowof

materialsthroughtheeconomyandincreasedquantitiesofmetalsand

othersubstancesinuseeachperson.Thehistoryofindustrial

developmentaboundswithexamples.

In1870,horsesandmulesweretheprimesourceofpoweronU.S.farms.

Onehorseormulewasrequiredtosupportfourhumanbeingsaratio

thatremainedalmostconstantformanydecades.Atthattime,hada

nationalcommissionbeenaskedtoforecastthepopulationfor1970,its

answerprobablywouldhavedependedonwhetheritsconsultantswere

ofaneconomicortechnologicalturnofmind.Hadtheybeen

“economists”,theywouldprobablyhaveprojectedthe1970horsesor

mulepopulationtobemorethan50million.Hadtheybeen

“technologists”,theywouldhaverecognizedthatthepowerofsteam

hadalreadybeenharnessedtoindustryandtolearnandoceantransport.

Theywouldhaverecognizedfurtherthatitwouldbetheprimesourceof

poweronthefarm.Itwouldhavebeendifficultforthemtoavoidthe

conclusionthatthehorseandmulepopulationwoulddeclinerapidly.

16.Accordingtothepassage,whatsuppliedmostofthepoweronU.S.

farmsin1870?

A.AnimalsB.HumansC.EnginesD.Water

17.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedbytheauthorasa

consequenceofnewtechnologicaldevelopments?

A.Oldertechnologiesdieaway.

B.ThequalityoflifeisImproved.

C.Overallproductivityincrease.

D.Morerawmaterialsbecomenecessary.

18.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatby1870.

A.technologybegantobemoreeconomical

B.thesteamenginehadbeeninvented

C.theU.S.horsepopulationwasabout10million

D.anationalcommissionwasabout10million

19.Inthesecondparagraph,theauthorsuggeststhat"economists"

would.

A.plantheeconomythroughyearlyforecasts

B.failtoconsidertheinfluenceoftechnologicalinnovation

C.valuetheeconomiccontributionoffarmanimals

D.consultthenationalcommissionontheeconomy

20.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardchangesbroughtonby

technologicalinnovations?

A.Heisexcitedaboutthem.

B.Heacceptthemasnatural.

C.Heisdisturbedbythem.

D.Hequestionstheirusefulness.

正確答案：

ABDBB

您的答案：

5.

PartIIVocabularyandStructure

Directions:Inthisparttherearefortyincompletesentences.Each

sentenceisfollowedbyfourchoices.Choosetheonethatbest

completesthesentenceandthenmarkyouranswerontheAnswer

Sheet.

21.thedifficultiesassociatedwiththeproject,we'IIgoonwithit.

A.GivenB.InspiteofC.ThanktoD.Becauseof

22.Itwasalmostdarkinthestreetsafewverypowerfulspotlights.

A.excludingB.butforC.exceptD.exceptfor

23.today,hewouldgettherebyFriday.

A.WouldheleaveB.Ifheleaves

C.WasheleavingD.Werehetoleave

24.Hegavemesomeveryadviceonbuyingahouse.

A.preciousB.expensiveC.wealthyD.dear

25.Hisgoalisnottobecomeasportsman,achampioninacertainfield.

A.butratherbecameB.butrathertobecome

C.butratherbecomingD.butrathertobecoming

26.1justmetheronthewayhomefromthebookstore.

A.onpurposeB.byaccidentC.inaccidentD.incase

27.1don'tknowabouthim,commentonhimbehindhisback.

A.letaloneB.letgoC.leavealoneD.takeleave

28.Mytransistorradioisoutoforder.It.

A.needtoberepairedB.needrepairing

C.needsrepairingD.needstorepair

29.Noonecouldtellusanythingaboutthestranger.

A.consciousB.mysteriousC.seriousD.previous

30.Maryallfoolishcommentsandkeptonworking.

A.excludedB.ignoredC.deniedD.discharged

31.1agreewithhim,butnotentirely.

A.untilacertainpointB.tosomepoint

C.tosomeextentD.untilacertainextent

32.Peopleinsomepartsoftheworldoftentaketheirwaterfor.theyuse

asmuchwaterastheywish.

A.grantedB.sureC.certainD.pleasure

33.Color-blindpeopleoftenfinditdifficulttobetweenblueandgreen.

A.separateB.compareC.contrastD.distinguish

34.Thousandsofpeopleonthecitytowelcomethevisitingguests.

A.turnedoffB.turnedupC.turnedoutD.turnedover

35.Themountainplaceisbeautiful,buttheworkingconditions,it's

terrible.

A.whenmentionedB.whenitcomesto

C.whenitissaidD.whenitdiesto

36.Areyouspendingmoremoneyonthespaceprogram?

A.infavorofB.byfavorofC.infavortoD.outoffavor

37.1ntheofmyparents,standardsofeducationinthepublicschoolare

actuallyfalling.

A.ideaB.thoughtC.opinionD.principle

38.fromspace,ourearth,withwatercovering70%ofitssurface,appears

asa"blueplanet'1.

A.SeeingB.TobeseenC.SeenD.havingseen

39.Thisyear'stotaloutputvalueofindustryandagriculturewillincrease

5percentoverlastyears.

A.byB.toC.ofD.with

40.Maryisthetopstudentintheclass.Shestudiesharder.

A.thananystudentB.thanallthestudents

C.thananyotherstudentD.thansomeotherstudent

41.Manypeoplehaveappliedfortheposition.

A.emptyB.bareC.vacantD.blank

42.Mynewshoescostme50yuan(RMB).Thepricewasthatthelastpair

Iboughtamonthago.

A.twotimemorethanB.twiceasmuchas

C.astwiceD.asmuchastwice

43.Almosteveryonefailedonthefirstday.

A.passhisdriver'stestB.tohavepassedhisdriver'stest

C.topasshisdriver'stestD.passinghisdriver'stest

44.Overthetraditionalfestivalpeoplevisiteachotherandgreetings.

A.exchangeB.wishC.congratulateD.present

45.Itwasbecausehewastiredoutthathefellasleepstandingup.

A.publiclyB.openlyC.speciallyD.obviously

46.Theyoungmanwasaccusedoftheladyofhermoney.

A.stealingB.robbingC.takingD.grasping

47.NomatterwhereourPartyneedsus,wewillhercall.

A.giveanswerforB.respondto

C.haveresponsetoD.answerto

48.Itisastonishingthatapersonofyourintelligencebecheatedso

easily.

A.couldB.shouldC.mightD.would

49.Wewerecompletelywhenwefinallyreachedthedestination.

A.wornoffB.worndownC.wornoutD.wornaway

50.Manythingsimpossibleinthepastarecommontoday.

A.consideredB.toconsiderC.consideringD.tobeconsidered

51.Notuntilmanyyearslaterknown.

A.wasthewholetruthbecomeB.didthewholetruthbecome

C.thewholetruthbecameD.thewholetruthhadbecame

52.Wedidn'tknowhistelephonenumber,otherwisewehim.

A.wouldtelephoneB.wouldhavetelephoned

C.hadtelephonedD.musthavetelephoned

53.Thereisnopointwithhim,sincehehasalreadymadeuphismind.

A.argueB.toargueC.inarguingD.ofarguing

54.1appreciatethatletterforme.

A.youtowriteB.yourwritingC.youwriteD.thatyouwriting

55.1'dliketoaspecialseatfortheconnectofMay5.

A.serveB.reserveC.preserveD.conserve

56.thatsoniswellagain,younolongerhaveanythingtoworryabout.

A.SinceB.NowC.WhenD.After

57.Generallyspeaking,allkindsofmaterialswillexpandwhenheated

butwillwhencooled.

A.contrastB.contractC.surviveD.return

58.Youwon'tknowifitfitsyouuntilyouiton.

A.willtryB.aretryingC.aretotryD.havetried

59.Afteralleffortsinvain,hehadtoaccepttheresult.

A.regularlyB.shallowlyC.physicallyD.painfully

60.Therestofhislifeistothecauseofinternationalexchangesof

visitingscholars.

A.addedB.putC.savedD.committed

正確答案：

21-25BDDAB

26-30BACBB

31-35CADBB

36-40ACCAC

41-45CBCAD

46-50BDBCA

51-55BBCBB

56-60BBDDD

您的答案：

6.

PartIIICloze

Directions:Therearetwentyblanksinthefollowingpassage.Foreach

blanktherearefourchoices.Choosetheonethatbestfitsintothe

passageandthenmarksyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.

In1982,MarkThatcher,thesonofMrs.Thatcherwasreported61inthe

SaharaDesertwhilecompetingintheGrandPrixmotorracefromParis

toDakar.Thissadnews,so62,shooktheusuallycalmandunperturbed

seasonedpolitician63herbalance.Thoughshedidherbesttopretend

asif64hadhappenedandmadeherpublicappearancesasusual,people

couldnot65tonoticethatshewasnolongertheold66primeminister

whoalwayshadeverything67control.68shehadbecomeaverysad

motherwhowasunabletorecoverfromhershock.

Oneday,whenshewastospeakataluncheonparty,areportercaught

her69herguardby70upthesubjectofhermissingsonagain.Shewas

totallymentally71forthequestionandlostherselfcontrol.Tearswere

rollingdownhereyesasshesobbinglytoldthereporterthatthere72

stillnonewsofMarkandthatshewasveryworriedabouthim.Shesaid

thatallthecountries73hadpromisedtodotheirbesttohelpherfind

herson.74thatshebrokedowncompletelyandsobbedsilentlyforquite

awhile.Graduallyshe75downandstartedtospeakas76.itwasavery

movingscenewhich77anewsideofMrs.Thatcher'scharacterthe

publicdonotusuallysee,78peoplebegantotalkabouttheIronWoman'

smaternallove,asentimentthatis79toallhumankind.

LaterMarkreturned80andsoundtohismother,sside,good-humored

andallsmilesasusual,asifnothingunusualhadeverhappened.The

IronWoman,however,brokedownagainaswassobbingforthesecond

time.

61.A.missingB.missedC.wantingD.wanted

62.A.expectedB.expectingC.unexpectedD.unexpecting

63.A.withB.onC.outD.off

64.A.somethingB.anythingC.nothingD.everything

65.A.missB.failC.pretendD.expect

66.A.reassuredB.self-assuredC.assuringD.self-assuring

67.A.forB.beneathC.belowD.under

68.A.InsteadB.howeverC.ThereforeD.So

69.A.intoB.outofC.onD.off

70.A.puttingB.bringingC.takingD.giving

71.A.readyB.preparedC.unpreparedD.unexpected

72.A.wasB.wereC.shouldbeD.wouldbe

73.A.concerningB.concernedC.worryingD.worried

74.A.AtB.BeforeC.AfterD.With

75.A.satB.brokeC.calmedD.became

76.A.plannedB.planningC.plansD.aplan

77.A.explainedB.exposedC.excludedD.exclaimed

78.A.howeverB.insteadC.soD.but

79.A.universalB.uniqueC.singleD.strange

80.A.safeB.safelyC.sightD.hearing

正確答案：

61-65ACDCB

66-70BDADB

71-75CABDC

76-80ABCAA

您的答案：

7.

PartIVTranslation

Tocoverthemarksofthefire,thebuildingwaspaintedwhite.Before

longitbecameknownastheWhiteHouse.(PassageOne)

正確答案：

為了掩蓋被火燒過的痕跡，整個建筑被粉刷為白色。不久之后它就以白宮聞名了。

您的答案：

8.

PartIVTranslation

Thesubjectsinhisexperimentwere75collegestudents.They

representedalllevelsofabilityinEnglish:beginning,intermediate,and

native-speakingstudents.(PassageTwo)

正確答案：

他的實驗對象是75名大學(xué)生。他們的英語能力代表了各種水平層次：初始級、中

級、以母語為英語。

您的答案：

9.

PartIVTranslation

Yetc