2021年上海九年級春季英語-AD篇閱讀理解-教師版

2021中考沖刺專題講義

Lesson4

A篇專項訓(xùn)練

四種題型：

1.細節(jié)理解題

☆考察方面：學(xué)生對相關(guān)信息的識別能力，答案一般可在原文定位到。

☆答題事項：應(yīng)迅速找到并且定位到考點，不可望文生義和主觀臆斷。

☆干擾選項：一般與文中觀點相反，不符，未涉及，特征是無中生有，張冠李戴，以

偏概全，擴大內(nèi)容。

解題技巧：

通讀短文，領(lǐng)會文章大意，理解文章結(jié)構(gòu)層次及細節(jié)，特別注意：

(1)五個W(who,which，when,where,what)和—*個H(how)；

(2)數(shù)字、日期、時間等；

(3)注意加強語氣的詞，排除不符合原文細節(jié)的選項，剩下的就是最佳答案。

細節(jié)理解類：

Oneofthemostpopularitemsintheschoolnewspaperistheadvicecolumn.Herearesomeof

thequestionsaskedandtheiranswers.....

Q:Ifinditdifficulttomakefriends.WhatdoyouthinkIshoulddo?Sara.

A:Ican'tadviseyouuntilIknowmoreaboutyou.Yourproblemmaybethatyouareshy.On

theotherhand,itmaybetheopposite.Youmaybetoobold.Writeandtellmemoreabout

yourself.

1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutSaraisright?

A.Saraisveryshy.B.Saraisquitebold.

C.Sarahastoomanyfriends.D.Saradoesn'treceivesuggestions.

【解析】

根據(jù)原文原句"Yourproblemmaybethatyouareshy.”,和uYoumaybetoobold.很多

學(xué)生會直接選擇A或者B?很多學(xué)生在做閱讀的時候都會直接在原文中定位信息找答案，

但是實際做題過程中，在原文中定位到信息是需要進行理解的，而不能只是信息的簡單定位。

否則就很容易選擇錯誤的答案。根據(jù)原文的提供的細節(jié)信息，再根據(jù)第三段整體的理解，可

以得知正確答案應(yīng)該是：D

2.詞句猜測題

此題要求考生正確理解短文中的一些關(guān)鍵詞語或句子的含義，常用的方法是多種表達

法、一詞多義法、同義近義或反義提示法、習(xí)語釋文法及句型轉(zhuǎn)換法等。

解題技巧：

(1)正確理解題意，從短文中找到相關(guān)的詞、短語或句子，根據(jù)特定的語境來判斷理

解，推敲斟酌和最后確定其準(zhǔn)確含義。

(2)根據(jù)上下文猜測詞義的技巧：

①注意定義和解釋；

②同義詞或近義詞的提示；

□近義詞和反義詞的提示；

④利用懸念的屬種關(guān)系；

⑤借助己有知識或生活常識。

AnotherideaIlikedwasaninventionbyascientistwhothoughthischildrenwatchedtoomuch

TV.HelinkedtoTVtoanexercisebikesothattheelectricitytopowertheTVwasgeneratedby

thebike.IfthechildrenwantedtowatchalotofTV,theyhadtorideveryhard.

1.Theword“generated”(inpara2,line6)mostprobablymeans^^

A.storedB.producedC.inventedD.transported

【解析】

根據(jù)原文“theelectricitytopowertheTVwasgeneratedbythebike.”洞時結(jié)合問題，可

以猜測出答案是B。

3.推理判斷題(不要自行推理+過度推理)

☆考察方面：透過文章的信息進入深刻的分析，歸納和推斷得解。

☆答題事項：應(yīng)迅速找到并且定位到考點，不可望文生義和主觀臆斷。

解題技巧：

(1)分析文章的主旨。

(2)分清文章的主要思想及次要思想。

(3)尋找文章的邏輯思路。

(4)核對問題中各項選擇與文章中有關(guān)詞句的聯(lián)系。

推理判斷類:

Everyterm,myschoolthrowsa"rewardnight"party.Itistomakethestudentsrelax.It'sheld

inthecafeteriafrom6:30pmto8:00pm.

ThenIbegantopayattentiontothemusic.Ihadneverheardaschoolplaypopularmusicin

school!Wewerethereforaboutanhour.ButIbegantogethungry.Therewereslicesofpizzafor

sale,butIdidn*twanttoborrowanymoremoney.Eventhoughithadbeenareallygoodparty,I

knewitwastimetoleave.

1.Thewritermayleavetheparty.

A.at6:30pmB.at8:00pmC.at7:30pmD.at7:00pm

【解析】

根據(jù)原文原句"It'sheldinthecafeteriafrom6:30pmto8:00pm.”，很多學(xué)生會直接選擇

Bo但是根據(jù)原文中原句"Wewerethereforaboutanhour.w和“Iknewitwastimetoleave.

進行推斷，可以得知正確答案應(yīng)該是選C。

4.主旨大意題(Besttitle)

☆考察方面：學(xué)生對文章主旨的駕馭能力，答案一般需要合理的歸納和總結(jié)得到。

☆答題事項：通過略讀來快速把握文章的中心，閱讀時視域要寬，緊抓對主題句搜

索，按意群進行閱讀，避免閱讀中的出聲，指讀，復(fù)視或停頓。

題目類型：

(1)主題型：找中心(MainIdea)

Example1:Thesetwopassagesare.

A.diariesB.reportsC.newsD.ads

(2)標(biāo)題型：為文章選擇標(biāo)題(Title)

Example2:Whatwouldthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.GoodHealthB.TheOldPeopleintheMountains

C.Long-livedPeopleD.TheSecretofLongLife

本題是給文章選標(biāo)題，實際上也是問及全篇的主旨。

(3)目的型：推斷作者的寫作意圖(Purpose)

Example3:Theauthor'spurposeinwritingthispassageisto.

A.callonpeopletorejecte-books

B.drawpeople'sattentiontothedisadvantagesofe-books

C.criticizeschoolsandbusinessthatdon'tprovidee-books

D.encouragepeopletousee-books

主旨大意類：

Stillrememberthefollowingpoems?MemoriesreturneverytimeIreadorhearthem.

①②

Hushnow,mylittleone.Mymamafeedsme.Icansetthetable.

Hushnow,mysunshine.Andwashesmyfur.1cansweepthefloor.

Hushnow,pieceofmyheart.ThefirstthingIseeeveryIcanwashmyclothes.

Gotosleep,mylittleone.morningisher.Andcounttoforty-four.

Gotosleep,mylove.ThelastthingIkisseverynightIcanwashdishes.

Gotosleep.pieceofmyheart.isherface.Andcleanmybedroom.

Sleep,mylittleone.Mymamaistheverybestone,Andcleanmybedroom.

WhileIsingtoyou.Andsingslikeabird,ThereissomuchIcando.

Sleep,mylittleone.AndknowshowIfeel.Nowaskyou.

Whoisalreadyasleep.WhenIdon7sayaword,

Mymamaiswarm.

1.Whatarethethreepoemsmainlyabout?

A.FoodandhealthB.Hobbiesandsports.

C.FamilyandloveD.Animalsandhumans.

【解析】

根據(jù)整篇詩歌可以得知文章主要是圍繞著家庭和愛來展開的。因此得出答案是Co

D篇專項訓(xùn)練

一、解題技巧：

1.通讀全文。通讀全文、弄清楚段落大意及文章的中心意思以及作者的基本觀點、態(tài)

度，正確理解語境。

2.按題查讀，即根據(jù)問題去尋找答案。

3.簡練作答。組織答案時，注意避免語言錯誤，如：時態(tài)、主謂一致、句子結(jié)構(gòu)和拼寫

等。如需引用原文，要作適當(dāng)改動，最好不要整句照搬.

4.認真核查。逐一檢查所填的詞是否符合原文主旨和細節(jié)，是否答非所問，是否仍存在

語法、詞匯拼寫等錯誤。

5.答案形式要符合提問方式。如原文中提問方式為“why”，那么就要用“because”引導(dǎo)的從

句來回答。

二、回答問題規(guī)范性：

1,用How提問，回答要以by開頭。

A.Howdidthejudgesolvethestudent?sproblem?

B.(Thejudgesolvedtheproblem)Bymakingtherestaurantownerhearthesoundofthe

fallingcoins.

2.用where/when提問,要以介詞in/on/at等開頭。

A.Wheredidthestudentlive?

B.Inasmallroomneararestaurant.

A.WhendidEppieLedererbegintowriteanadvicecolumnfortheChicagoSunTimes?

B.In1955.(or:Aftershewonacontest.)

補充：When提問的題目比較常見，但是要注意，一般不能照抄原文?？聪旅嫒N表達:

WhendidyoucometoShanghai?

①在2012年一In2012.

②兩年前一Twoyearsago.

③當(dāng)我是小孩子的時候—WhenIwasaboy.

通過這幾個句子，可知when提問有三種回答方法：

介詞+時間點；時間段+ago;、vhen+句子。

注意：1)用時間狀語從句回答時，when不能省略。

2)特別注意表示時間的詞前面是否有約數(shù)詞如about,around等。

3.用howmany提問，要注意數(shù)字前是否有限定詞morethan/atleast/about等。

A.Howmanyreadersdothetwocolumnshave?

B.Nearly200millionreaders(aroundtheworld).

4.用why提問，要以because(of)開頭回答，或者以Todo開頭回答。

A.Whydidthestudentfeelafraid?

B.Becausethejudgesaidhewaswrong/hehadonlyafewcoins/hehadnomoney.

A.WhydidLedereraskherreaderstowriteletterstoTheU.S.Congress?

B.Tomakethempassthelaw.

5.用whom提問，要以介詞with/by等回答。

A.WhomdidSamlivewithintheWildCatskillMountains?

B.Helivedwithhimself.

6.Howlong提問時要注意區(qū)分在現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)中要用for+一段時間（since+時間點）開頭

回答，其他則直接回答。

A.HowlonghaveyoustayedinShanghai?B.For3years.

B.Howlongdidittakeyoutogotoschoolbybus?B.3hours.

7.注意回答時態(tài)：

A.Howwasthefoodintherestaurant?

B.Thefoodwasdelicious/good.

8.反義疑問句：

Example1.BothEppieLedererandPaulinePhilliplovetheirjobs,don'tthey?

Example2.BothEppieLedererandPaulinePhillipdon'tlovetheirjobs,dothey?

肯定回答：Yes,theydo.（是的，他們喜歡他們的工作。）

否定回答：No,theydon't.（不是的，他們不喜歡他們的工作。）

注意：前面句子的否定詞不影響回答，無論陳述句是肯定還是否定，反義疑問句的回答

一定要遵循事實來回答，事實上是肯定的就回答Yes,事實上是否定的就回答No,

9.選擇疑問句：

Basedonherspeaking,howdowestayyoung,tolaughortocry?

回答時，不以yes/no開頭，直接選擇其中一項回答，即Westayyoungtolaugh.

10.主觀題：

要以文章中心思想為基礎(chǔ)，通常看文章最后一段的意思，再用自己話概述。

A.Asateenager,willyourunawayfromhome?Why?

B.Becausethiswasjustthekindofforesthealwaysdreamedabout.

TestforLesson4

（1）

2018年閔行區(qū)二?！倦y度】☆☆☆

A.Choosethebestanswer（根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇最恰當(dāng)?shù)拇鸢福?2分）

AnationwidesurveyreleasedearlierthisyearsaidanaverageChineseadultreadlessthan

eightbooksin2015,amongwhich4.58werepaperbooksand3.26

e-books.Withdigitalbooksbecomingmorepopular,manypeople

wouldfindithardtorememberthelasttimetheysatdownina

bookstoreandenjoyedaquietmoment.

Butthisdoesnotmeanthatbookstoresarelosingtheir

customers.Toluremorereaders,bookstoresarenowbigger,more

beautifulandgrander.Herearesomeofthem.

Zhongshuge

WalkingintoaZhongshugebookstoreislikeenteringaseaofbooks,abovetheceiling

overhead,beneaththefloorunderyourfeet,onthewalls,andunderthestepsofthestaircases.

Zhongshugeisknownforitsbeautifuldesigns.ThebrandnowhaschainsinShanghai,Hangzhou,

andYangzhou.

TheBookworm

TheBookwormisbookshop,barandcafeallinone.HiddenindowntownBeijing'sSanlitun

bararea,theplaceisamongthemostpopularforforeignerslookingforsomeinternational

experienceintheChinesecapital.

Inadditiontoalargevarietyofbooks,theEuropean-styleshopalsoholdslecturesandcultural

events.It'softenpossibleforvisitorstomeetfamousauthorsunexpectedlyinthecomfortableplace.

ParadiseTimeTravelBookstore

Tibet（西藏）isamust-visitonmanypeople'stravellists.Youcanfindthebeautyoftheancient

Tibetanstyle.ParadiseTimeTravelBookstoreisdecoratedinthisway.Butifyoulookclosely,you

willfinditisaforeignlanguagebookshop.Thiskindofmixtureisagreatsurprise,isn'tit?

TheParadiseTimeTravelBookstoreislocatednearthePrincessWenchcngTheaterin

Lhasa（拉薩）.

PoplarKid'sRepublic

ThePoplarKid'sRepublic,sittinginBeijing'sCBDarea,isafairylandofpicturebooksfor

children.

ThebookshopwasselectedamongoneofthemostbeautifulbookshopsintheworldbyFlavorwire,

apopularUSnewswebsiteaboutartandculture,in2012.

Thecolorfuldesignsinsideareaimedatencouragingkidstoexplorebooks.Pushingtheglass

doorsopen,youwillseechildren'sdrawingsandcraftworks（工藝）hangingonthepinkwalls,

leadingyouintoaworldfullofimagination.

69.Accordingtothesurvey,anaverageChineseadultreadlessthanbooksin2015.

A.3.26B.4.5C.8D.9

70.WecanfindZhongshugein.

A.YangzhouB.BeijingC.SuzhouD.Lhasa

71.Theunderlinedword'lure'inparagraph2mostprobablymeans.

A.contactB.attractC.observeD.choose

72.Flavorwireinthepassageis.

A.abeautifulbookshopB.arecentsurvey

C.anewswebsiteD.anoisybar

73.Whichofthefollowingiswrongaccordingtothepassage?

A.Chineseadultsdon'treadenoughbooksonaverage.

B.WecanmeetsomefamousbookwritersintheBookwonn.

C.TheParadiseTimeTravelBookstoreislocatedinBeijing.

D.Youwillseechildren'sdrawingsinthePoplarKid'sRepublic.

74.Thearticleismainlyabout.

A.theimportanceofreadingbooksB.somepopularE-books

C.thefunoftravellingaroundD.somebeautifulbookstoresinChina

（2）

2018年楊浦區(qū)二?！倦y度】☆☆☆

A.Choosethebestanswer（根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇最恰當(dāng)?shù)拇鸢福?2分）

Cruisesarebecomingmoreandmorepopular,witharound20millionpassengersperyearnow

enjoyingholidaysonboardluxury（奢侈的）ships.Morepeopleseeacruiseastheperfectway

tositbackanddonothing,andenjoytimeoffwork.Butwhatistheeffectontheenvironmentof

thistrend?

Althoughitusuallytakeslessenergyfbravehicletomovethroughwaterthanoverland,cruise

shipsareoftenmassive,withthebiggestonescarryingupto6,000passengers.Movingsuchlarge

vehiclesrequireshugeengineswhichbumasmuchas300,000litresof

fueladay.Onescientisthascalculatedthatcruiseshipscreateasmuch

pollutionas5millioncarsgoingoverthesamedistance.Becausethey

areoutatsea,theyalsobumdirtierfuelthatisn'tallowedonland.

Unfortunately,nogovernmenthascontrolovertheamountofairpollutionoutatsea.

Cruisesalsoproducehugeamountsofnibbish,andcruiseshipsaren'tusuallygoodatrecycling.

Wastewaterfromshowersandtoiletsisusuallypoureddirectlyintothesea-asmuchperdayas

fromasmalltown.Wastefoodfromrestaurantsisn'tputintothesea,butstillcausesproblemswhen

broughtbacktotheland.

Cruiseshipsalsocausedifficultiesinthecitieswheretheystop.Populardestinationscanget

fiveorsixshipsperday,withthousandsoftouristsatatime.Goodforrestaurants?No.Restaurant

ownerscomplainthatthevisitorslookaroundforafewhoursandthenreturntotheirshiptoeat.

What'smore,thecrowdscanputoffothertourists,whocomplainthatthestreetsaretoobusy.Some

townshavebanned(禁止)cruiseshipsorputalimitonthenumberthatcanstopatthesametime.

Peoplewhocareabouttheenvironmentworrythatasthecruiseindustrycontinuestogrow,sotoo

willtheissuesforourplanet.

69.Theunderlinedword“trend“isclosestinmeaningto.

A)problemB)eventC)decisionD)change

70.Thebiggestcruisecanholdaboutpassengers.

A)20,000,000B)6,000C)300,000D)5,000,000

71.Cruiseshipscausealotofairpollutionbecause.

A)theycarrylargenumbersofcarsandpassengersaswell

B)ittakesmoreenergytomovethroughwaterthanoverland

C)theyusetypesoffuelthatarenotallowedonland

D)theirenginesarenotaspowerfulasthoseofothervehicles

72.Howiswastewaterdealtwithoncruiseships?

A)It'sbroughtintoatown.B)It'sproperlyrecycled.

C)It'sthrownawayatsea.D)It'sstoredintheships.

73.Whyarecruiseshippassengersnotpopularinsomecities?

A)Theydon'tspendmoneyonmeals.

B)Theyfilluptherestaurantsandmakenoise.

C)Theycomplainwhenthecityistoocrowded.

D)Theyaresometimesrudetoothertourists.

74.Thepurposeofthepassageisto.

A)introduceanewwayoftravellingB)encouragepeopletotrycruiseships

C)advisegovernmentstobancruiseshipsD)explainsomeproblemscruiseshipscause

(3)

2018年黃浦區(qū)二?！倦y度】☆☆☆

D.Answerthequestions（根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答下列問題）：（12分）

“Youhavesavedmyhorse,“QueenOliviatoldtheyoungboystandingbeforeher."Nowyou

shallhaveareward."Peternervouslyranhisfingersthroughhisbrownhair.Thefrightenedhorse

hadrunpasthimasheworkedinthefieldthatmorning.Hewouldhavehelpeditwhetheritbelonged

tothequeenornot.Buthehadtoadmitthatgettingarewardwasnice.

Twoofthequeen9smenappeared.Onecarriedamirror.Redjewelsshoneontopofthemirror's

silverframe.Theothercarriedawoodencagewithachickeninsideit.

“Onlyonerewardcanbeyours,thequeensaid."Choosewisely.^^“That'seasy,“Petersaid.

'Tiltakethechicken.,,Someofthequeen'smenlaughed.Itwasclearthattheythoughthehadmade

afoolishchoice.

“Andwhydidyouchoosethechicken?^^thequeenasked."Well,Idon'tknowmuchabout

jewelsPeteranswered.4€ButIdoknowaboutchickens.Thechickenwillprovideeggsformy

familyforalongwhile.”

QueenOliviasmiled.t€Thenyoudidmakeawisechoice,shesaid."Thatmirrormaylook

fancy.Butthejewelsyouseeareonlycoloredglass,andtheframeispaintedsilver.Thechickenis

muchmorevaluable.”Petertookthechickenandbowed."Thankyou,yourmajesty.”

“Youareasmartchild,"thequeenadded.€€Icoulduseasmartboytohelptakecareofmy

horses.Wouldyouliketotakethejob?^^Petersmiled."Thankyouverymuch!^^hesaidexcitedly.A

jobatthecastlepaidwell.Nowhisfamilywouldeatwellfortherestoftheirlives-allbecause

88.WhatwasPeterdoingwhenafrightenedhorseranpasthim?

89.Whodidthefrightenedhorsebelongto?

90.WhydidPeterchoosethechickeninsteadofthemirror?

91.DidPetermakeawisechoiceorafoolishone?

92.WhatelsedidQueenOliviaofferPeter?

93.Whatcanbefilledintheblankattheendofthepassage?

（4）

2018年徐匯區(qū)二模【難度】☆☆☆

D.Answerthequestions（根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答下列問題）：（12分）

WhenJanandBrianDutchermovedtoSanDiegoforBrian'snewjobatSanDiegoState

University,theneighborssmiledandintroducedthemselves.Buttherewereno“bringaplate”

invitations,nocarpoolingforherdaughtersLiza,12andErin,15.

“Thefamiliesreallydidn'tknoweachother,andwemissedthat,“saysJan."Wearefarfrom

relatives.Neighborsareourfamily.^^

SoJan,anartist,decidedtorepeataprojectshehaddoneforLiza'sfifth-gradeclass:askeach

persontopainthisorherfaceonabigcanvas（帆布）.Thefinishedpiecewouldbecomethenew

familyphoto.

First,Janpaintedagrid（網(wǎng)格）onthecanvasandputitupinthegaragewithatableofpaints

nearby.Thenwhenevershewashome,the“artroom^^doorwasup,withanopeninvitationfor

neighborstopaint.Thefirsttostopinwerekidsridingby."TheythoughtitwascoolJsaysJan,but

theadultsweren'tsokeen."Mostsaidtheyhadn'tpickedupapaintbrushsincekindergarten,she

says."Theywereafraidthey'dmessitup."Butaswordslowlyspread,theycame,someusingtheir

driver'slicensephotosasmodels.

Thensomethingstartedtohappen.Theyreturned—toseewhohadpainted,oriftheycould

recognizewhowaswho.InJan'sgarage,theybegantochataboutschools,jobsandfamilies.Almost

daily.W