2019外研社版高中英語(yǔ)選修三 Unit 4 A glimpse of the future 知識(shí)清單(教師版)

閱讀單詞認(rèn)讀artificialadj.人造的,人工的artificialintelligence人工智能susceptibleadj.易受影響的automationn.自動(dòng)化leapn.劇變horizonn.地平線reckonv.認(rèn)為,以為celln.細(xì)胞cratern.(物體墜落、炸彈爆炸等在地上造成的)坑agileadj.敏捷的,靈活的slopev.傾斜,成斜坡hopn.跳躍squeakv.發(fā)出吱吱聲tendonn.腱wavelengthn.波長(zhǎng)muttn.雜種狗frownv.皺眉positronicadj.正電子的重點(diǎn)單詞識(shí)記victimn.受害者clientn.客戶,客人,顧客citev.引用,引述boundadj.可能的mechanicaladj.機(jī)械的desperateadj.拼命的,絕望的cluen.線索,提示核心詞匯拓展humanityn.人類→humann.人adj.人的;有人情味的assistantn.助手,助理→assistv.幫助→assistancen.幫助potentiallyadv.潛在地→potentialadj.潛在的;可能的n.潛力capacityn.能力,才能;容量→capableadj.有能力的;能干的analysev.分析→analysisn.分析,解析illegaladj.非法的,違法的→legaladj.合法的immoraladj.不道德的,道德敗壞的→moraladj.道德的assessv.評(píng)價(jià),評(píng)定→assessmentn.評(píng)價(jià);評(píng)估cyclen.自行車→cyclistn.騎自行車的人demandn.需要,需求→demandingadj.要求高的;苛求的1tightlyadv.緊緊地→tightadj.緊的→tightenv.擰緊;加強(qiáng)faultyadj.有故障的,有缺陷的→faultn.缺陷;過(guò)錯(cuò)consistentadj.一貫的,一致的→consistv.由……組成,在于,符合核心短語(yǔ)速記bankon依靠;指望onthehorizon將要發(fā)生beboundto很有可能,肯定會(huì)happento發(fā)生在……身上sofar迄今為止incontrast相反hangout閑逛besusceptibleto易受……的影響wipeout摧毀;毀滅liein在于agreeon就……達(dá)成一致gothrough履行(某程序);經(jīng)歷(苦難等);完成;通過(guò);檢查;用完bereplacedwith被……取代changeone’smind改變主意inthelongrun從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看aroundthecorner在拐角處;即將發(fā)生majorityn.大多數(shù)managementn.管理;安排mastervt.精通,掌握materialn.材料,原料matureadj.成熟的maximumadj.&n.最大量(的);最大限度(的)meanwhileadv.同時(shí)median.新聞媒介;新聞媒體memorialn.紀(jì)念館memorizevt.記住;熟記mentaladj.精神的;腦力的mentallyadv.精神上;智力上EveryrecommendationshegivesmeisgreatsinceshecanpredictifIwilllikeaparticularrestaurant.(since引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句)她給我的每一個(gè)建議都很棒,因?yàn)樗茴A(yù)測(cè)我是否會(huì)喜歡某家餐館。Ifnot,itmightwipeusallout！(if省略句)否則,它可能會(huì)把我們都消滅！TheoutersideofthecraterslopedsouthwardandtheEarth,whichwaslowinthesouthernsky,wasnearlyfull,sothattheentirecrater-slopewasbrightlylit.(sothat引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句)環(huán)形山的外側(cè)向南傾斜,南部天空下方的地球幾乎全部顯現(xiàn)出來(lái),所以整個(gè)環(huán)形山山坡明亮了起來(lái)。Jimmy,expertthoughhewas,couldn’toutraceRobutt,whodidn’tneedaspacesuit,andhadfourlegsandtendonsofsteel.(though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句)吉米雖然是個(gè)能手,卻無(wú)法超越羅布特,因?yàn)樗兴臈l腿和鋼鐵做的肌腱,還不用穿太空服。Robuttisjustadjustedtoactasthoughitlovesyou.(asthough引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句)羅布特只是設(shè)定好,假裝很愛(ài)你。請(qǐng)先從表格中選用本單元所學(xué)詞匯完成下列短文,然后核對(duì)答案并背誦該短文。bankon,demand,artificial,desperate,boundWiththedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,1.artificialintelligencehasbeenwidelyusedinvariousfields,andhasbecomeanexcellentassistanttohumanbeings.Intelligentrobotscanbeseeneverywhereinourlife.Peopleincreasingly2.bankonartificialintelligence,sosomepeoplereckonthattheworldofartificialintelligenceisonthehorizon.However,artificialintelligencealsohaspotentialdangersandfaults.Ifnotregulated,itis3.boundtodosomeillegalorimmoralthings,makinghumanbeingsbecomevictims.Whenpeopleare4.desperateforthefreedom,convenienceandrapiditybroughtbyartificialintelligence,theyalso5.demandthatitsnegativeeffectsshouldbeeliminated.提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為本單元詞匯capacityn.能力,才能;容量(capableadj.有能力的;能干的)havethecapacitytodosth/ofsth有(做)……的能力becapableof...能夠……Whatifwe’reactuallygettingclosertoaworldwhereAIiscapableofthinkingandfeeling?我們有能力高效地完成工作,以使客戶滿意。Wehavethecapacitytofinishtheworkefficientlytomaketheclientssatisfied.(capacity)Wearecapableoffinishingtheworkefficientlytomaketheclientssatisfied.(capable)demandn.要求,需要vi.&vt.強(qiáng)烈要求;需要(demandingadj.要求高的;苛求的;費(fèi)力的)bein(great)demand(迫切)需求meet/satisfyone’sdemand(s)for...滿足某人對(duì)……的需求demandtodosth要求做某事demandthat...(should)dosth要求……做某事Withtheimprovementofpeople’shealthawareness,thiskindofcycleisingreatdemandinChina.Likerunning,racewalkingisphysicallydemanding(demand),shesays.(2020全國(guó)Ⅰ)因?yàn)檫@是一項(xiàng)要求比較高的任務(wù),所以經(jīng)理要求他的助手們加班來(lái)滿足客戶的需求。Becauseitwasademandingtask,themanagerdemandedthathisassistants(should)workextrahourstomeettheclients’demands.desperateadj.拼命的,絕望的;孤注一擲的;非常需要的(desperatelyadv.絕望地;拼命地;極嚴(yán)重地;非常需要desperationn.絕望)bedesperateforsth渴望某物bedesperatetodosth渴望做某事MyheartfrozeinmychestasIsawthetractorheadingtowardsthemotorway.Irandesperately(desperate)butfailedtocatchup.(2020浙江)我渴望有機(jī)會(huì)成為一名志愿者。我的確希望您給我這個(gè)寶貴的機(jī)會(huì)。Iamdesperate/anxious/eager/dyingtohave/fortheopportunitytobeavolunteer.Idohopeyoucanoffermethepreciousopportunity.Desperate/Anxious/Eager/Dyingtohave/fortheopportunitytobeavolunteer,Idohopeyoucanoffermethepreciousopportunity.(形容詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ))她唯一迫切想做的事就是撲在她的床上痛哭一場(chǎng)。(讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)之情感描寫(xiě))Theonlythingshewasdesperatetodowastothrowherselfontoherbedandweepwildly.用法點(diǎn)撥“渴望某物/做某事”的短語(yǔ)還有：beeager/anxious/dyingforsth/todosth,longforsth/todosth,desireforsth/todosth。hangout出去玩,閑逛hangup懸掛;突然掛斷……的電話hangon抓緊,稍等;(在逆境中)堅(jiān)持,不放棄hangonto抓緊;保留用hang短語(yǔ)的正確形式填空：Hangontothatropetightly,oryouwillbeattheriskofdroppingdown.Someonecalledmeuplastnight,buthehungupbeforeIcouldanswerit.Iknowyouaretiredoutafteralongwalk,buttrytohangonabitlonger.Ihavebeenbusymakingpreparationsforthefinalexam,leavingmelittletimetohangoutwithmyfriends.gothrough履行(某程序);經(jīng)歷(苦難等);完成;通過(guò);檢查;用完goover復(fù)習(xí);(仔細(xì))檢查goout出去;熄滅goagainst違背;違反goup上漲;上升goahead前進(jìn);干吧;說(shuō)吧用go短語(yǔ)的正確形式填空：Afterdinner,shewentoverhernotescarefullyforthenextday’stest.Lilywentagainstherparents’wisheswhenshemarriedherclient.I’mfortheopinionthatthepricesofvegetableswillgoupinafewweeks.Theelderlymanwhowentthroughmanysufferingsinthepasthasfalleninlovewithgardening.sothat引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句TheoutersideofthecraterslopedsouthwardandtheEarth,whichwaslowinthesouthernsky,wasnearlyfull,sothattheentirecrater-slopewasbrightlylit.環(huán)形山的外側(cè)向南傾斜,南部天空下方的地球幾乎全部顯現(xiàn)出來(lái),所以整個(gè)環(huán)形山山坡明亮了起來(lái)。sothat引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),譯為“因此,結(jié)果”,主從句之間有時(shí)用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。sothat引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),從句中通常有may,might,can,could等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,主從句不能用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。常譯為“為的是……;以便……”。我想告知你一些詳細(xì)的信息,以便你能為此做好充分的準(zhǔn)備。I’dliketoinformyouofsomedetailedinformationsothatyoucanmakefullpreparationsforit.她比從前學(xué)習(xí)更努力,因此她輕松地通過(guò)了考試。Shestudiedharderthanbefore,sothatshepassedtheexamwithease.though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句Jimmy,expertthoughhewas,couldn’toutraceRobutt,whodidn’tneedaspacesuit,andhadfourlegsandtendonsofsteel.吉米雖然是個(gè)能手,卻無(wú)法超越羅布特,因?yàn)樗兴臈l腿和鋼鐵做的肌腱,還不用穿太空服。though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句可倒裝可不倒裝。as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),從句必須倒裝。although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句不能倒裝,它們可以與yet,still連用,不能與but連用。Childas/thoughhewas,hehadthecapacitytotellwhatwastherightthingtodo.Althoughshewastiredandexhausted,shemanagedtomakeaflagwithheryellowblouse.→Tiredandexhaustedas/thoughshewas,shemanagedtomakeaflagwithheryellowblouse.(用倒裝句改寫(xiě))(2022浙江1月)Atotalof40womenmetthecriteriaforahighfitnesslevelwithacapacityof120wattsorhigher,while92womenwereinthemediumfitnesscategory.共有40名女性的心血管能力達(dá)到了120瓦或以上的高健康水平標(biāo)準(zhǔn),而92名女性處于中等健康水平。(2021新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ)Theabilitytoaccuratelyunderstandhowothersarefeelingmaybeusedbyadoctortofindhowbesttohelpherpatients,whileacheatermightuseittocontrolpotentialvictims.準(zhǔn)確理解他人感受的這種能力可能會(huì)被醫(yī)生用來(lái)更好地去幫助她的病人,然而騙子卻可能用這種能力去控制那些潛在的受害者。(2021新高考全國(guó)Ⅱ)Whatwillremainofuswhenartificialintelligencetakesoverwillbeourcreativity...當(dāng)人工智能接手時(shí),我們剩下的將是我們的創(chuàng)造力……(2020新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ)Remember,evenworldchampionathletespracticetheirskillsonaconsistentbasis.記住,即使是世界冠軍運(yùn)動(dòng)員也會(huì)不斷地練習(xí)他們的技能。(2020浙江7月)ResearchersfromtheUniversityofLeipziginGermanygatheredmorethan1,000retiredworkerswhowereoverage75andassessedthevolunteers’memoryandthinkingskillsthroughabatteryoftests.來(lái)自德國(guó)萊比錫大學(xué)的研究人員召集了1000多名75歲以上的退休工人,并通過(guò)一系列測(cè)試評(píng)估了這些志愿者的記憶和思維能力。提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為上一單元詞匯一詞多義練/熟詞生義練——清除閱讀障礙leapA.跳躍；跳B(niǎo).猛沖；突然做(某事)C.劇增Theyleaptintoactionimmediately.BAsharkemergedwhenadolphinleaptoutofthewater.AThisyearsawaleapinprofits.CgothroughA.經(jīng)歷B.通過(guò)C.檢查D.用完Hewentthroughallkindsofhardshipsintheoldsociety.AOurplanabouthowtospendoursummerholidaysdidn’tgothrough.BItdidn’ttakeAlbertverylongtogothroughhismoney.DShewentthroughthecompany’saccounts,lookingfortheevidenceoffraud(欺詐).C快速閱讀下列句子并猜測(cè)句中加黑詞匯的意思。Theseasonsofayearmakeacycle.周期;循環(huán)Shewantstotraveltobroadenherhorizons.眼界核心知識(shí)強(qiáng)化練——鞏固語(yǔ)言知識(shí)Iholdthebeliefthatthecommanderisboundtoachieve(achieve)hisdreamsoonerorlater.Theyweresostrong-mindedthattheymanagedtogothroughthetimeoflackinggrain.Itissaidthatthereisagreatdemandforacademicguidanceinthisfield.Though/Although/WhiletheyliveintheUSA,theykeepuptheChinesecustoms.Afterall,itisimmoral(moral)forhim,atallboy,tolookdownonhispeerswhoareshorter.Thepeopleinthatcountrybankedonthejointeffortsofeveryonetofightagainsttheinvaders.Shepraisedmeforhavingthecapacity(capable)todistinguishbetweenrightandwrong.Businessisgoodnow,butthereareafewproblemsonthehorizon.Idon’tknowtheexactpriceofthepainting,butitisroughlyassessedat100millionyuan.Insummary,whatyousayshouldbeconsistent(consist)withwhatyoudo,otherwiseotherswillnotbelieveinyou.單句寫(xiě)作——應(yīng)用文增分練(給遇到困難的朋友回信)我知道你非常想適應(yīng)你的新學(xué)校,所以寫(xiě)信給你提供一些建議。(bedesperateto)Knowingthatyouaredesperatetoadapttoyournewschool,I’mwritingtoofferyousomeadvice.對(duì)你的同學(xué)所做的事表現(xiàn)出真正的興趣,這樣你就可以開(kāi)始與他們互動(dòng)了。(sothat)Showagenuineinterestinwhatyourclassmatesdo,sothatyoucanstartinteractingwiththem.如果必要,主動(dòng)與同學(xué)交談,因?yàn)闇贤▽?duì)建立良好關(guān)系至關(guān)重要。(if省略句)Ifnecessary,taketheinitiativetotalktoyourclassmates,becausecommunicationisessentialtotheestablishmentofgoodrelationships.雖然你現(xiàn)在很沮喪,但我相信,如果你面帶微笑,回報(bào)將是令人驚喜的。(though引起的倒裝句)Discouragedthoughyouarenow,Iholdthebeliefthatifyouwearasmile,therewardwillbeamazing.你應(yīng)該相信你一定會(huì)渡過(guò)這段困難時(shí)期。(gothrough,beboundto)Youshouldbeconfidentthatyouareboundtogothroughthehardtimes.微型寫(xiě)作——續(xù)寫(xiě)提能練[教材續(xù)寫(xiě)語(yǔ)料]動(dòng)作描寫(xiě)analysev.分析assessv.評(píng)價(jià);評(píng)定bankon指望,依靠demandv.要求frownv.皺眉人物描寫(xiě)assistantn.助手→assistv.幫助victimn.受害者capacityn.能力→capableadj.有能力的agileadj.敏捷的,靈活的desperateadj.拼命的;絕望的;渴望的描寫(xiě)詞匯potentiallyadv.潛在地tightlyadv.緊緊地boundadj.可能的;注定的consistentadj.一致的;一貫的[續(xù)寫(xiě)語(yǔ)料運(yùn)用]請(qǐng)從以上語(yǔ)料中選擇合適的詞匯,完成以下語(yǔ)段。然后核對(duì)答案并背誦該語(yǔ)段。我?guī)椭职中藜舨萜阂再嵢×阌缅X(qián)。他堅(jiān)信我能勝任這項(xiàng)工作。每次我出去割草時(shí),爸爸都要求我把工作做好。一天下午,爸爸叫住我,大聲喊道：“嘿,兒子,你漏了一塊?！蔽野欀碱^,希望他能原諒我。那時(shí)我非常想回家。然而,我指望不上他。工作完成后,在回家的路上,爸爸溫柔地說(shuō)：“盡你所能做到完美,你就一定能把生活中的每件事都做好?！比缓?他緊緊地抱住了我。IassistedDadtomowyardstoearnpocketmoney.HewasconvincedthatIwascapableofdoingtheworkwell.EverytimeIheadedouttomow,DaddemandedI(should)finishthejobwell.Oneafternoon,Dadcalledmeandyelled,“Hey,son.Youmissedapiece.”Ifrowned,hopinghewouldforgiveme.Iwasdesperatetogohomeatthattime.However,hewasnottheoneformetobankon.Walkinghomeafterthework,Dadsaidgently,“Doasperfectlyasyoucanandyouareboundtodoeverythingwellinyourlife.”Thenhehuggedmetightly.詞形變化填空(每小題2.5分,共15分)Hecanquicklyassessaperson’scharacterandhisassessmentisusuallyclosetothefact.(assess)Wheneverhisclientswereinneed,hewouldassistthemintime.Hisassistancemadetheclientsdelighted.(assist)What’sworse,somecyclistsdonotthinkitvitaltoobservethetrafficruleswhilecyclingontheroad.(cycle)Successconsistsintheabilitytomakeconsistenteffortsthroughfailures.(consist)Heisacapableleaderandalmosteveryonea