名詞性從句高三復(fù)習(xí)課件

名詞性從句2021/5/91基本概念:

名詞性從句是相當(dāng)于名詞的句子在句中作主語、賓語、表語、同位語,因此分別稱為主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句、同位語從句。2021/5/92

1、主語從句

(1)引導(dǎo)主語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有三類:從屬連詞that(不充當(dāng)句子成分,沒有詞匯意義)Thattheywereintruthsisterswasclearfromthefacialresemblancebetweenthem.從屬連詞whether“是否”(不能使用if)Whetherhewillcomehereisnotclear.連接代詞who,whom,whose,what,which,whoeverwhatever,whichever,whoever=anyonewhowhatever=anythingthatwhichever=any…that)2021/5/93Examples:Whowillgivethespeechisnotknownyet.Whotheprizewillbegiventoisnotdecidedyet.Whoseroomitisisclear.Whathesaidatthemeetingwastrue.Whathesaidatthemeetingisnotknownyet.Which(one)youlikehasnothingtodowithme.Whoevercomesiswelcome.WhateverIhaveisatyourservice.Whichever(ofyou)comesfirstwillreceiveaprize.Whicheveryouwantisyours.2021/5/94連接副詞where,when,how,why.Wherethemeetingwillbehelddependsontheweather.Whentheyareleavingisbeingdiscussed.Howthishappenedisnotcleartoanyone.Whyhewasabsentyesterdaywasthathewasillathome.2021/5/95(2)主語從句常用it作形式主語的有①It+be+形容詞(obvious,truenatural,surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible,likely,certain,probable,etc)+that----Itisprobablethathetoldhereverything.②It+be+名詞詞組(nowonder,anhonour,agoodthing,apity,nosurprise,etc)+that---Itisnosurprisethatourteamshouldhavewonthegame.③It+be+過去分詞(said,reported,thought,expected,decided,announced,arranged,suggested)+that---.

Itisannouncedintoday’snewspaperthatBushwillpayavisittoChinanextweek.2021/5/96

④It+seems/appears,happens等不及物動(dòng)詞及短語+that---IthappenedthatIwasoutthatday.Itdoesn’tmatter(makesnodifferencesetc)+連接代詞或連接副詞引導(dǎo)的主語從句Itmakesnodifferenceswhereweshallhavethemeeting.當(dāng)主語從句出現(xiàn)在感嘆句中時(shí),用it作形式主語.Howstrangeitisthattheyaresoquiet.2021/5/972.____wecan’tgetseemsbetterthan____wehave.A.What,whatB.What,thatC.That,thatD.That,what____youdon’tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.A.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.Whether

that不充當(dāng)任何成分

what

充當(dāng)賓語Consolidation2021/5/983._____we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where4.______hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.A.WhoB.TheoneC.AnyoneD.Whoever

whoever=anyonewho凡……者5.____wantstodocomputerstudentsshouldsign____onthispaper.A.Who,hisnameB.Theonewho,hernameC.Thosewho,theirnameD.Whoever,theirnames2021/5/996._____isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It

it作形式主語7.Itworriedherabit_____herhairwasturninggrey.A.whileB.thatC.ifD.for8._____seemsstrangetousis_____thetroublesomeboyisgettingalongwellwithallhisteachers.A.It,thatB.What,howC.It,howD.What,that

what作主語,充當(dāng)成分2021/5/9109.ItwasonlywhenIrereadhispoemsrecently____Ibegantoappreciatetheirbeauty.A.untilB.thatC.thenD.so

10.Itwasabout600yearsago____thefirstclockwithafaceandanhourhandwasmade.A.thatB.untilC.beforeD.when2021/5/9111.Iremember___thisusedtobeaquitevillage.A.whenB.howC.whereD.what2.----Doyouknow___MrBlack'saddressis?----HemayliveatNo.18orNo.19ofBridgeStreet.I'mnotsure_____A.what,whichB.where,whichC.where,whatD.what,where賓語從句：2021/5/9123.Acomputercanonlydo___youhaveinstructedittodo.(2001)A.howB.afterC.whatD.when4.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild____heorshewants.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever2021/5/9135.ThesewildflowersaresospecialthatIwoulddo___Icantosavethem.A.whateverB.thatC.whichD.whichever

6.--Myfoothurtsterribly,doctor.--Well,Iwonder___ithasbeenlikethis.A.sincewhenB.sincethenC.howD.when2021/5/914

7.--Doyouremember___hecame?--Yes,Ido.hecamebycar.A.whereB.howC.thatD.if8.Pleasetellme____youwouldliketohaveyourcoffee-blackorwhite.A.whatB.whereC.whenD.how9.Thosechildrenarewild.Ifeelsorryfor____hastobetheirbabysitter.A.whoeverB.whoC.whomeverD.someone2021/5/915Thequestioniswhocancompletethedifficulttask.Helooksasifhewasgoingtocry.Thequestioniswhetherthefilmisworthseeing.表語從句2021/5/916

1.--IdrovetoZhuHaifortheairshowlastweek.--Isthat___youhadafewdaysoff?A.whyB.whenC.whatD.where

2.__shecouldn'tunderstandwas____fewerandfewerstudentsshowedtheirinterestinherlessons.A.what,whyB.That,whatC.what,becauseD.why,that2021/5/9173.Thereason___theirfailureyouknowis___theydidn'tgetfullypreparedfortheexperiment?A.why,thatB.that,whyC.for,thatD.why,become

4.Goandgetyourcoat.It's___youleftit.A.thereB.whereC.therewhereD.wherethere2021/5/918

5.Thatis___Iwasbornandgrewup?A.thereB.inwhichC.whereD.theplace

6.--Irangyouataboutten,buttherewasnoreply.--Oh,thatwasprobably__Iwasseeingthedoctor.A.whenB.whyC.whatD.that7.Airistous____wateristofish.A.thatB.whatC.whereD.howAistoBwhatCistoDA之于B猶如C之于D2021/5/919同位語從句：引導(dǎo)同位語從句的名詞主要有fact,news,promise,idea,truth,hope,question,belief,

suggestion,thought,order,problem,fear,doubt,etc.連接詞用that(不能省)不用which，還用how,when,where,why,whether（不用if）

etc.2021/5/920Eg:

1.Wheredidyougettheidea

thatIcouldnotcome?2.Earlyinthedaycamethenews

thatGermanyhaddeclaredwaronRussia.3.Ihavenoidea

whetherhewillcomeornot.4.Thequestion

whoshoulddotheworkrequiresconsideration.5.Wehaven’tsettledthequestionwherewearegoingtospendoursummervacation.2021/5/921練習(xí)：Informationhasbeenputforward__moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities.A.whileB.thatC.whenD.as2.Tomleftwordwithmysecretary___hewouldcallagainintheafternoon.AwhoBthatCasDwhich3.Thereisafeelinginme___wewillneverknowwhataUFOis---notever.AthatBwhichCofwhichDwhat2021/5/9221.名詞性從句考點(diǎn)1、引導(dǎo)詞that與what；that與whether；

if與whether；what與how等的區(qū)別；2、名詞性從句的時(shí)態(tài)和語序問題；3、名詞性從句的語氣問題；4、同位語從句與定語從句的比較區(qū)別。2021/5/9231、名詞性從句的引導(dǎo)詞問題問題1：

Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthatschool.Itisnolonger______itwas20yearsago,_____itwassopoorlyequipped.（05安徽卷）

A.what;when B.that;whichC.what;which D.which;that前句考查的是that

與what

的區(qū)別。that

在名詞性從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，而what可充當(dāng)名詞性的成分。前句的表語從句中還缺少表語，故只能用what。后句是定語從句，修飾20yearsago，所以須用when。2021/5/924問題2：

1)Whatthedoctorsreallydoubtis_____mymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon.(上海2001)

A.when B.if C.whether D.why2)Elephantshavetheirownwaytotelltheshapeofanobjectand_______itisroughorsmooth.（05天津卷）

A.不填B.whetherC.howD.what

在名詞性從句中表示“是否”這一概念時(shí)，連詞if

一般只能引導(dǎo)賓語從句，而題1是表語從句，故不能選B；注意doubt

的用法，如果是肯定句，用whether，如果是否定句，用that。賓語從句中，以下情況只用whether

不用if：①與or

連用時(shí)；②后接不定式短語時(shí)；③在decide;besure等動(dòng)詞后。2021/5/925問題3：

______leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.(MET1988)

A.AnyoneB.ThepersonC.WhoeverD.Who

whoever

引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)表示“無論哪一個(gè)”，相當(dāng)于anyonewho；who

引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)表示帶有疑問的“誰”。根據(jù)該題的意思不難作出選擇。選項(xiàng)A,B后都缺少了who，而引導(dǎo)定語從句的who

是不能省略的。同時(shí)還需要注意whoever與nomatterwho;whatever與nomatterwhat

等的區(qū)別。wh-ever

既可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句也可引導(dǎo)狀語從句，而nomatterwh-

只能引導(dǎo)狀語從句。2021/5/926問題4：

1)Iwassurprisedbyherwords,whichmademerecognize___sillymistakesIhadmade.（05湖南卷）

A.what B.that C.how D.which2)Parentsaretaughttounderstand______importanteducationistotheirchildren’sfuture.（04廣東）

A.thatB.how C.such D.so

what

與how

引導(dǎo)感嘆句時(shí)，what后加名詞，how

后加形容詞和副詞。其結(jié)構(gòu)為：What+(a)+(adj.)+n.

但要注意在what后不能加表示數(shù)量的many;much;few;little等詞。How+adj.+(a)+(n.)，要注意的是

how后的名詞只能為單數(shù)名詞。題1中是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，只能用what；題2中的正常語序是…educationisimportanttotheir…，所以選B。2021/5/9271、Scientiststhinkthatthecontinents_____alwayswherethey_____today.(05北京卷)A.aren’t;are

B.aren’t;were

C.weren’t;are

D.weren’t;were2、—Hurryup!AliceandSuearewaitingforyouattheschoolgate.—Oh!Ithoughtthey______withoutme.(05江西卷)

A．went

B．a(chǎn)regoing

C．havegone

D．hadgone當(dāng)主句的動(dòng)詞為現(xiàn)在和將來時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，名詞性從句中的動(dòng)作根據(jù)所發(fā)生的時(shí)間來定，可以有各種時(shí)態(tài)；當(dāng)主句的動(dòng)詞為過去時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，從句中的動(dòng)作一般都要使用相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)，除非表示客觀真理。2、名詞性從句中的時(shí)態(tài)問題2021/5/9281、Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee____.(全國2000)

A.whoisheB.whoheisC.whoisitD.whoitis

2、Thephotographswillshowyou____．（MET1989）

A.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB.whatourvillagelookslike

C.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike

名詞性從句中都用陳述語序，不用倒裝語序。題1中的干擾項(xiàng)是B，對(duì)想要知道的人提問或應(yīng)答都用it而不用人稱代詞he,I,you等。題2只要注意是介詞賓語就行了。3、名詞性從句中的語序問題2021/5/9294.名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣

A、賓語從句中的虛擬語氣

在動(dòng)詞suggest,order,demand,request,desire,insist,require,decide,determine,advise,recommend,deserve(值得提及)后需用should型的虛擬語氣。Theteacherdemandedthatthework_____before4o’clock.A.finishedB.befinishedC.shouldfinishD.finish2.---Whatdidthedoctorsayaboutyourmother’sillness?---Hesuggestedthatshe_____anoperationatonce.A.musthave B.had C.have D.hadhad2021/5/930B、主語從句中的虛擬語氣基本句型：Itissuggested,ordered,proposed,required,demanded,requested,insisted；+(should)do

Itisimportant,necessary,natural,desirable,strange,advisable,imperative…that+(should)do

Itisa