初中英語(yǔ)人教版九年級(jí)上冊(cè)Unit 8 Section A Grammar Focus-4c

SectionAGrammarFocus-4cObjectivesTolearnthewordsandexpressions:laboratory,outdoors,coat,sleepy...Tolearntomakeinferencesbyusingmust,could,might,can’t.Translatethephrases.outsidethewindowhavefunnext-doorneighboratfirstrunawayfeeluneasyhavenoideahavefun(in)doingsth.在窗外玩得高興隔壁鄰居最初；首先逃跑心神不安一點(diǎn)不知道；沒(méi)辦法做某事很愉快ReviewItcouldbe__________.Italsomightbe______________.Canyouguesswhatitis?ThreebirdsabeautifulfaceCanyouguesswhatitis?Itcouldbe__________.Italsomightbe_________.awhitevasetwofacesItcouldbe______.Italsomightbe________.Canyouguesswhatitis?adogtwogirlsCouldAbebiggerthanB?Infact,AandBmustbe___________________.ABthesamesizeNo.Whichoneisbigger,AorB?Whosevolleyballisthis?Whosehairbandisthis?ItcouldbeMei’shairband.OritmightbelongtoLinda.Theybothhavelonghair.Whatdidyouseethatnight?I’mnotsure,butitcan’tbeadog.Itwasbigger.Ithinkitmightbeabearorawolf.GrammarFocusItmustbeCarla’s.Shelovesvolleyball.Whosevolleyballisthis?ItmustbeCarla’s.Shelovesvolleyball.Whosehairbandisthis?ItcouldbeMei’shairband.OritmightbelongtoLinda.Theybothhavelonghair.Whatdidyouseethatnight?I’mnotsure,butitcan’tbeadog.Itwasbigger.Ithinkitmightbeabearorawolf.Whosevolleyballisthis?It________Carla’s.Shelovesvolleyball.mustbe

Whosehairbandisthis?It________Mei’shairband.Orit________mightbelongtoLinda.Theybothhavelonghair.couldbe

might

Whatdidyouseethatnight?I’mnotsure,butit________adog.Itwasbigger.Ithinkit_________abearorawolf.can'tbe

mightbe

Use“must”toshowthatyouthinksomethingisprobablytrue.Use“might”or“could”toshowthatyouthinksomethingispossiblytrue.Use“can’t”toshowthatyouarealmostsuresomethingisnottrue.Grammar—Whosevolleyballisthis?—ItmustbeCarla’s.Shelovesvolleyball.—Whosebookisthis?—ItmustbeMary’s.J.K.Rowlingisherfavoritewriter.—Whosehairbandisthis?—ItcouldbeMei’s.Readthesentencesbelow,payingattentiontothecoloredparts.—Whosenotebookisthis?—ItmustbeMing’s.Ithashernameonit.—WhoseFrenchbookisthis?—ItcouldbeCarol’s.ShestudiesFrench.—Whoseguitaristhis?—ItmightbelongtoAlice.Sheplaystheguitar.—WhoseT-shirtisthis?—Itcan’tbeJohn’s.Itistoosmallforhim.Readmoresentences.

表示推測(cè)的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

在英語(yǔ)中，表示對(duì)某件事物的確定程度，即表示推測(cè)的時(shí)候，我們通常會(huì)用到以下情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，must,might,could,may,can’t,couldn’t.can’tcouldmight100%probablytrue20%-80%possiblytrue0almostnottruemustLearntomakeinference程度肯定句否定句疑問(wèn)句must★★★★√may★★★√√might/could★★√√√√can’t/can★√√can和could的區(qū)別和用法1.can表示體力和腦力方面的能力，

或根據(jù)客觀條件能做某種動(dòng)作的“能力”。例如：?CanyouspeakEnglish?

?Canyoumakeacake?

can用在否定句和疑問(wèn)句中時(shí)有時(shí)表示說(shuō)話人的“猜測(cè)”或“不肯定”。?Canthenewsbetrue?

(在日常會(huì)話中，can可代替may表示“允許”，may比較正式。)2.could是can的過(guò)去式，表示過(guò)去有過(guò)的能力和可能性，還有懷疑和不肯定的意思(在否定和疑問(wèn)句中)。?Shecouldn’tskatewhenshewasfiveyearsold.（能力）?Atthattimewethoughtthestorycouldbetrue.（可能性）

could用來(lái)提問(wèn)，是有禮貌的請(qǐng)求Could....Please?

語(yǔ)氣較為婉轉(zhuǎn)。?CouldIspeaktoMr.Smith,please?might和may的區(qū)別和用法:

1.may的用法:

a.表示“允許”或“請(qǐng)求”。?MayIcomein?

在使用這一用法時(shí)需注意：may表示“允許”的否定形式是mustnot，意思是“不應(yīng)該”，“不許可”。?

—MayItakethisbookoutofthereading-room?

—No,youmustn’t．

b.表示說(shuō)話人的猜測(cè)，認(rèn)為某一事情“或許”或“可能”發(fā)生。?Hemayknowtheanswer．

c.may用在感嘆句中可表示祝愿、愿望。?Mayyousucceed．(祝你成功。)?Mayyouhaveapleasantjourney．(一路平安。)2.might的用法:a.might可以代替may，表示現(xiàn)在時(shí)間的動(dòng)作，但語(yǔ)氣較為婉轉(zhuǎn)客氣或更加不肯定。?MightItakeasuggestion？

b.might用來(lái)表示現(xiàn)在時(shí)間時(shí)，還可表示“規(guī)勸”。?YoumightpaymoreattentiontospokenEnglish．must與haveto的區(qū)別haveto比較強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀需要，must著重說(shuō)明主觀看法。另外haveto能用于更多時(shí)態(tài)，比較下面的句子：?Wehadtobethereat10:00.有時(shí)兩者都可以用，意思差別不大。?Wemust/havetoleavenow.must在表示說(shuō)話人對(duì)事物的推測(cè)時(shí)候要注意它，比may肯定得多，相當(dāng)于漢語(yǔ)的“一定”或“是”。(只有在肯定句中能這樣用。)Thismustbeyourroom．

?

在回答由must引起的問(wèn)題時(shí),如果是否定的答復(fù)，不能用mustn’t,

而需要用needn’t或don’thaveto,因?yàn)閙ustn’t是“一定不要”的意思。1.—Whosebookisthis?—ItmustbeMary’s.ItmustbelongtoMary.3.ThehairbandmightbelongtoLinda.mightbeLinda’s.2.—WhoseFrenchbookisthis?—ItcouldbeAli’s.ShestudiesFrench.4.TheT-shirtcan’tbeJohn’s.It’smuchtoosmallforhim.(肯定；一定)(可能)(可能)(不可能)1.—AreyougoingtoBeijingbyplane?—It’sfast,butexpensive.SoIamnotsure.I____takeatrain.A.shouldB.mayC.mustD.will2.—IsJohncomingbytrain?—Heshould,buthe____not.Helikesdrivinghiscar．A.must

B.can

C.may

D.need1.A:Where’sJean?B:I’mnotsure.She_________(is/mightbe/mustbe)inthelaboratory.2.A:Everyoneisgoingtothepoolafterschool.B:Really?It_________(mustbe/can’tbe/couldbe)hotoutdoors.mightbemustbe4aChoosethebestwaytocompleteeachsentenceusingthewordsinthebrackets.3.A:That’sthephone.B:Hmm.Iwonderwhoit________(mustbe/couldbe/shouldbe).4.A:IwonderiftheseareJim’sglasses.B:They________(can’tbe/mightbe/couldbe)his.Hedoesn’twearglasses.5.A:Ihearwaterrunninginthebathroom.B:It_________(couldbe/mustbe/can’tbe)Carla.Shewasthinkingoftakingashower.couldbecan’tbemustbe1.A:Manypeoplearewearingcoats.B:Theweathermustbe________.2.A:Sallyhasbeencoughingalot.B:Shemightbe_______.A:Thisrestaurantisalwayscrowed.B:Thefood_____________.4.A:WheneverItrytoreadthisbook,Ifeelsleepy.B:Itcan’t________________.beinterestingcoldillmustbedelicious4bCompletethereresponses.4cLookatthispictureofaroom.Howmuchcanyoutellaboutthepersonwholiveshere?Isitaboyoragirl?Whatarehis/herhobbies?Discussyourideaswithapartner.A:Itcouldbeagirl’sroombecauseit’sverytidy.B:Iguessso.Butitmightbeaboy’sroombecausetheclotheslooklikeboys’clothes.Lookatthetworoomsbelow.Makeguessesabouttheownerofeachroom.1.—Who’ssinginginthenextroom?—It____beher.ShehasgonetoNewYork.A.can’tB.mustC.shouldn’tD.canExercises2.—WhoseT-shirtisthis?—It______beJohn’s.It’s______smallforhim.A.can’t;muchtooB.can’t;toomuchC.mustn’t;muchtooD.mustn’t;toomuchAA3.—Whereareyougoingthismonth?—We______gotoXiamen,butwe'renotsure.A.needn’tB.mustC.mightD.mustn'tC4.—Haveyoudecidedwheretogoforyoursummervacation?—Notyet.We_______gotoQingdao.It'sagoodplaceforvacation.A.mayB.needC.mustA5.—MustIwatertheflowersnow,mum?—No,you______.You_____doitlater.A.mustn’t;mustB.mustn’t;mayC.needn’t;mayD.needn’t;must6.—______Iknowbywhattimeyouwanttheprojecttobedone?—Bythedayaftertomorrow.______youfinishitontime?A.May;Can B.Must;Need C.Could;Must D.Nee