貴州省六盤水市紐紳中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期10月月考英語試題

高三年級聯(lián)考英語試卷注意事項：1．答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號、考場號、座位號填寫在答題卡上。2．回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.HowmanybookshasFionareceived?A.Three.B.Four.C.Five.2.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Havingarest.B.Waitingforsomeone.C.Climbingupahill.3.WhywasCarlatthehospital?A.Hewasmeetingadoctor.B.Hewasvisitinghisdaughter.C.Hewaslookingafterhiswife.4.Whatistheproblemwiththeman?A.Hecan’tseethesignclearly.B.Hehasnoticketforthemovie.C.Hehasparkedinawrongplace.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Apieceofnews.B.Aterribleaccident.C.TheweatherofParis.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，完成下面小題。6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson.B.Schoolmates.C.Teacherandstudent.7.WhatdoesthewomansayaboutMs.Patty?A.Sheishumorous.B.Sheisstrict.C.Sheisresponsible.聽第7段材料，完成下面小題。8.Whichfamilyholidayprogrammedoesthemanremend?A.Theoneonthe18th.B.Theoneonthe19th.C.Theoneonthe20th.9.Wherewillthewomanprobablygo?A.France.B.Spain.C.Greece.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.WhatdidSusandorightbeforetheconversation?A.Shevisitedherbrother.B.ShecalledJohnReeves.C.Shevisitedthepany.11.WhatdoesSusanthinkoftheplace?A.It’scrowded.B.It’sfamous.C.It’sbig.12.WhoisMichael?A.Susan’sbrother.B.Tara’shusband.C.John’sboss.聽第9段材料，完成下面小題。13.Whatdidthemanlose?A.Hisphone.B.Hiscreditcard.C.Hisdrivinglicense.14.Whydoesthewomanagreetotheman’srequest?A.Hereservesthehotelincash.B.HeshowsthewomanhisIDcard.C.Heprovidestwoformsofidentification.15.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Lookforhispassport.B.Putawayhiscreditcard.C.Reportthesituationtothebank.16.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inabank.B.Inahotel.C.Atapolicestation.聽第10段材料，完成下面小題。17.Whenwilltheeventbeheld?A.FromJanuary10thtoFebruary12th.B.FromJanuary12thtoFebruary10th.C.FromJanuary12thtoFebruary12th.18.Howmuchshouldacouplewithachildof8payfortheirentrance?A.$10.B.$20.C.$30.19.Whicheventisnewthisyear?A.Aflowershow.B.Afancydressexhibition.C.Anicesculptureexhibition.20.Wherewillthefoodshopsbe?A.Nexttotheentrance.B.Inthecenterofthesite.C.Besidetheamusementrides.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題分，滿分分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AFourGoodBodyLanguageCoursesBodyLanguageforPersonalDevelopmentThiscourseteachesyouhowtoimproveyourbodylanguageskillsandmakeyourselfmuchmoreconfidentatpublicmeetings,discussionsandgroupmeetings.KeyHighlights*Knowhowtorecognisethe26mostmonchangesof7emotions*Moveandstandwithconfidenceineverybusinesssituation*Increaseconfidenceinmeetings,talksandpresentationsHowtoMakeaGreatFirstImpressionThiscoursewillteachyouhowtouseeyecontact,smiles,handshakesandwordstomakeagreatfirstimpression.It’sdesignedbyDavidHyner.Davidhasinterviewedover250topachieversfromallwalksoflife.Hehasdiscoveredhowthesepeoplesetandachievegreatgoals,andhewritesandspeaksonthesefindings.KeyHighlights*Actmoreconfidentlyinpublic*Howtomasteryourownbodylanguage*UnderstandhowtogiveandholdeyecontactFreeDigitalBodyLanguageCourseYouhave0.05secondstomakeagoodfirstimpressiononline.Inthose0.05seconds,youhavetoattractsomeoneandshowwhoyouareandwhytheyshouldconnectwithyouandbuildtrust.It’screatedbyVanessaVanEdwards,whoistheleadresearcherattheScienceofPeople,ahumanbehaviorresearchlab.KeyHighlights*Improveyouronlinepresence*Learnthepsychologyofwebsites*UsebodylanguageonlineThePowerofBodyLanguageInthiscourse,thedesigner,bodylanguageexpertVanessaVanEdwards,explainshowtousebodylanguagemunicationtobeethemostimpressivepersoninanyroom.KeyHighlights*Readpeoplebyguessingtheirvisualcues*Usebodylanguagetoyouradvantageinmeetings*Understandhowtotellifpeoplearelying1.Whomightbeinterestedinthefirstcourse?A.Peopledealingwithbusinesssituations.B.Peopleoftenusingsocialnetworkingsites.C.Peopleaskingthequestionsinaninterview.D.Peoplehavingdifficultycontrollingtheirfeelings.2.WhatdoweknowaboutHowtoMakeaGreatFirstImpression?A.Itsgoalistohelppeoplesettheirgoals.B.Itteachesustoexplorepeopleandthings.C.Itinvitessuccessfulpeoplefromallwalksoflife.D.Itiscreatedbasedonsuccessfulpeople’sexperiences.3.Whatdothelasttwocourseshaveinmon?A.Theyarebothpopularamongwebsiteusers.B.Theybothfocusonhowtoreadothers’mind.C.Theyarebothdesignedbythesameresearcher.D.Theybothstresstheimportanceofthefirstimpression.【答案】1.A2.D3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了四種肢體語言課程。【1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“BodyLanguageforPersonalDevelopment”下面的“Thiscourseteachesyouhowtoimproveyourbodylanguageskillsandmakeyourselfmuchmoreconfidentatpublicmeetings,discussionsandgroupmeetings.(本課程教你如何提高你的肢體語言技能，讓自己在公開會議、討論和小組會議上更加自信。)”可知，本課程可以幫助你在公開會議、討論和小組會議上更好地使用肢體語言，由此可推測出，需要參加商務(wù)場合的人可能對這個課程有興趣。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“HowtoMakeaGreatFirstImpression”下面的“Davidhasinterviewedover250topachieversfromallwalksoflife.Hehasdiscoveredhowthesepeoplesetandachievegreatgoals,andhewritesandspeaksonthesefindings.(David采訪了來自各行各業(yè)的250多位頂尖成就人士。他發(fā)現(xiàn)了這些人是如何設(shè)定和實現(xiàn)偉大目標的，并就這些發(fā)現(xiàn)進行了寫作和演講。)”可推知，這個課程是根據(jù)成功人士的經(jīng)歷打造出來的。故選D。【3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“FreeDigitalBodyLanguageCourse”下面的“It’screatedbyVanessaVanEdwards,whoistheleadresearcherattheScienceofPeople,ahumanbehaviorresearchlab.(它是由人類行為研究實驗室‘人類科學(xué)’的首席研究員VanessaVanEdwards創(chuàng)建的。)”和“ThePowerofBodyLanguage”下面的“Inthiscourse,thedesigner,bodylanguageexpertVanessaVanEdwards,explainshowtousebodylanguagemunicationtobeethemostimpressivepersoninanyroom.(在本課程中，設(shè)計師、肢體語言專家VanessaVanEdwards解釋了如何利用肢體語言交流，成為任何房間中最令人印象深刻的人。)”可知，這兩個課程都是由同一個研究人員設(shè)計的。故選C。BArtistTomCampbellhasexhibitedhisworkatOutlawStudiosatMarinamercialPark.TheexhibitionisTom’slargestonetodateandincludesaffordableart.Theinteractiveshowismadeupofdrawings,paintings,sculpturesandliveperformances.Throughouttheexhibition,Tomisworking,givingthepublicanopportunitytowatchinsidehisstudioandhavetheirportraitsdrawn.Peoplecanalsomissionapieceoftheirchoosing.WallpaintingispartofTom’soutput.HehascreatedawallpaintingforElectricPicnic,alongwithfourotherartistsinvitedtotakepartinthismission.Hiswallpaintinghasaspecialtheme,portrayedbydoves(鴿子).Aswellashisantiwarstandpoint,heisdoingsomethingmeaningful.TomisafoundingmemberofatreeplantingprojectcalledTreesPlease.Thegrouphasdistributed10,000treesinaboutfouryearsacrossIreland.HumourisalsoimportantforTominhisart.Hecantreatheavysubjectswithironyoftenemployinganaggressivebinationoflivelycolorsandanimalswithwistfulexpressionsmunicatingtheimportanceofrespect,peace,understandingandlove.Hehasdonecreativeworkformentalhealthcharities.Tomwasbornwithaloveforart.Heenjoysplayingmusicalinstrumentsinpublic,liketheviolin.Hegetslotsofsmilesfrompeople.Healsosingsandhasanonlinechannelfeaturinghissongs,whichareveryimprovised(即興的).Allthiscreativityisalifelineforhim,whobelievesthatartisanecessityratherthanaluxury.Artissomethingeverybodycando.Ifcreativitywasembracedbypeopleinanopenway,itcouldtransformsociety.Artcanbringalotofjoy.Everyoneiscreativeandenjoyscreativitywhetherit’smusicorvisualartorwhatever.4.WhatdoweknowaboutTom’sexhibition?A.Itistargetedattherich. B.Ittakesonavarietyofforms.C.Itoffersahandsonpaintingexperience. D.Itisthelargestonethroughoutarthistory.5.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytellusaboutTom?A.Hissenseofhumorandcreativity. B.Hisefforttoprotectplantsandanimals.C.Hisadviceonpaintingandplantingtrees. D.Hispassionforpeaceandtheenvironment.6.WhatcanwelearnfromTom’simprovisedsongs?A.Hehascreativetalent. B.Artisaluxury.C.Arthasnoboundaries. D.Heispopularinpublic.7.Inwhichcolumnofamagazinecanthetextprobablyappear?A.Literature. B.Finance. C.Society. D.Figure.【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了主人公湯姆對藝術(shù)的熱愛與執(zhí)著?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“TheexhibitionisTom’slargestonetodateandincludesaffordableart.Theinteractiveshowismadeupofdrawings,paintings,sculpturesandliveperformances.”（這次展覽是湯姆迄今為止最大的一次展覽，其中包括價格合理的藝術(shù)品?；颖硌萦伤孛?、油畫、雕塑和現(xiàn)場表演組成。）可知，湯姆的展覽有各種各樣的形式。故選B項?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“WallpaintingispartofTom’soutput.HehascreatedawallpaintingforElectricPicnic,alongwithfourotherartistsinvitedtotakepartinthismission.Hiswallpaintinghasaspecialtheme,portrayedbydoves(鴿子).Aswellashisantiwarstandpoint,heisdoingsomethingmeaningful.TomisafoundingmemberofatreeplantingprojectcalledTreesPlease.Thegrouphasdistributed10,000treesinaboutfouryearsacrossIreland.”（壁畫是湯姆作品的一部分。他為ElectricPicnic創(chuàng)作了一幅壁畫，與其他四位藝術(shù)家一起被邀請參加這個項目。他的壁畫有一個特別的主題，畫的是鴿子。除了他的反戰(zhàn)立場，他還在做一些有意義的事情。湯姆是植樹項目“請植樹”的創(chuàng)始成員。該組織在大約四年的時間里在愛爾蘭各地種植了1萬棵樹。）可知，第二段主要告訴我們湯姆對和平和環(huán)境的熱愛。故選D項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Healsosingsandhasanonlinechannelfeaturinghissongs,whichareveryimprovised(即興的).Allthiscreativityisalifelineforhim,whobelievesthatartisanecessityratherthanaluxury.”（他還唱歌，并有一個在線頻道專門播放他即興創(chuàng)作的歌曲。所有這些創(chuàng)意都是他的生命線，他認為藝術(shù)是必需品而不是奢侈品。）可推知，我們能從湯姆的即興歌曲中了解他的創(chuàng)作天賦。故選A項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章大意以及第一段“ArtistTomCampbellhasexhibitedhisworkatOutlawStudiosatMarinamercialPark.TheexhibitionisTom’slargestonetodateandincludesaffordableart.Theinteractiveshowismadeupofdrawings,paintings,sculpturesandliveperformances.Throughouttheexhibition,Tomisworking,givingthepublicanopportunitytowatchinsidehisstudioandhavetheirportraitsdrawn.Peoplecanalsomissionapieceoftheirchoosing.”（藝術(shù)家湯姆·坎貝爾在濱海灣商業(yè)公園的不法工作室展出了他的作品。這次展覽是湯姆迄今為止最大的一次展覽，其中包括價格合理的藝術(shù)品。互動表演由素描、油畫、雕塑和現(xiàn)場表演組成。在整個展覽中，湯姆一直在工作，讓公眾有機會在他的工作室里觀看，并為他們畫肖像。人們也可以委托自己選擇一件。）可知，本文講述了湯姆對藝術(shù)的熱愛與執(zhí)著。因此，本文可能來自雜志的人物欄目。故選D項。CHumanshavelongknownthatbeinginnatureisgoodforthemindandbody.Fromindigenous(本土的)adolescentspletingtheadultceremonyinthewildtomodernEastAsianculturestaking“forestbaths”,manyhavelookedtonatureasaplaceforhealingandpersonalgrowth.Butthequestionstillremains.Howcannaturemakeit?Thereisnodoubtthatbeinginnaturereducesthephysiologicalsymptomsofstressinourbodies.Whatthismeansisthatwearelesslikelytobeanxiousandfearfulinnatureandthereforewecanbemoreopentootherpeopleandcreativepatternsofthought.Also,natureoftenleadstoawe,wonderandrespect,alltheseemotionsfacilitatingeverythingfromphysicaltomentalhealth.Thereisalsosomeevidencethatexposuretonatureimpactsthebrain.Viewingnaturalbeautymakesspecificrewardcircuitsinthebrainassociatedwithdopaminerelease,achemicalthatgivesusasenseofpurpose,joyandenergytopursueourgoals.But,regrettably,peopleseemtobespendinglesstimeoutdoorsandlesstimeinnaturethanbefore.Itisalsoclearthat,inthepast30years,people’slevelsofstressandsenseof“busyness”haverisendramatically.ThesejointforceshaveledenvironmentalwriterRichardLouvtocointheterm“NatureDeficitDisorder”—aformofsufferingthatesfromasenseofdisconnectionfromnatureanditspowers.Perhapsweshouldtakenoteandtryacoursecorrective.The19thcenturyphilosopherRalphWaldoEmersononcewroteaboutnature,“ThereIfeelthatnothingcanbefallmeinlife—nodisgrace,nocalamity.”ThesciencespeakstoEmerson’sintuition.It’stimetorealizethatnatureismorethanjustamaterialresource.It’salsoapathwaytohumanhealthandhappiness.8.Whyare“indigenousadolescents”and“modernEastAsiancultures”mentionedinparagraph1?A.Toclarifyaviewpoint. B.Toanswerthequestionbelow.C.Topresentthenaturalscenery. D.Toshowtheculturaldifferences.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“facilitating”inparagraph2mean?A.Restricting. B.Exposing. C.Promoting. D.Covering.10.Whatisthetoneoftheauthorinwritingparagraph3?A.Uneasy. B.Indifferent. C.Humorous. D.Proud.11.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.IsItTimetoChallengeYourselfinNature?B.DoYouKnowNatureIsaMaterialResource?C.WhyDoWeCareabouttheNaturalEnvironment?D.WhatCanHappenWhenWeConnectwithNature?【答案】8.A9.C10.A11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了接觸大自然的好處：促進身心健康?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Humanshavelongknownthatbeinginnatureisgoodforthemindandbody.Fromindigenous(本土的)adolescentspletingtheadultceremonyinthewildtomodernEastAsianculturestaking“forestbaths”,manyhavelookedtonatureasaplaceforhealingandpersonalgrowth.Butthequestionstillremains.Howcannaturemakeit?”（人類早就知道身處大自然對身心都有好處。從在野外完成成人儀式的土著青少年到現(xiàn)代東亞文化中的“森林浴”，許多人都將大自然視為治愈和個人成長的地方。但問題依然存在。大自然是怎么做到的呢？）可推知，作者提及土著青少年和現(xiàn)代東亞文化是為了闡明一個觀點：置身大自然對身心都有好處。故選A項。【9題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thereisnodoubtthatbeinginnaturereducesthephysiologicalsymptomsofstressinourbodies.”（毫無疑問，在大自然中可以減少我們身體中壓力的生理癥狀。）以及“Thereisalsosomeevidencethatexposuretonatureimpactsthebrain.”（還有一些證據(jù)表明，接觸大自然會影響大腦。）由此可知，此處為大自然常常讓人敬畏、驚嘆和尊重，所有這些情感都有助于從身體到心理健康的一切。故可猜測劃線單詞facilitating為“促進”的意思，結(jié)合選項C項Promoting“促進”意思一致。故選C項。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“But,regrettably,peopleseemtobespendinglesstimeoutdoorsandlesstimeinnaturethanbefore.Itisalsoclearthat,inthepast30years,people’slevelsofstressandsenseof“busyness”haverisendramatically.ThesejointforceshaveledenvironmentalwriterRichardLouvtocointheterm“NatureDeficitDisorder”—aformofsufferingthatesfromasenseofdisconnectionfromnatureanditspowers.”（但是，令人遺憾的是，人們花在戶外和大自然中的時間似乎比以前少了。同樣明顯的是，在過去的30年里，人們的壓力水平和“忙碌”感急劇上升。這些共同的力量使得環(huán)境作家RichardLouv創(chuàng)造了“自然缺失癥”這個術(shù)語——一種來自于與自然及其力量脫節(jié)的痛苦。）可推知，作者寫第三段的語氣是不安的，對此感到很擔(dān)憂，regrettably也是答案的提示詞。故選A項。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章大意以及第一段中“Fromindigenous(本土的)adolescentspletingtheadultceremonyinthewildtomodernEastAsianculturestaking“forestbaths”,manyhavelookedtonatureasaplaceforhealingandpersonalgrowth.Butthequestionstillremains.Howcannaturemakeit?”（從在野外完成成人儀式的土著青少年到現(xiàn)代東亞文化中的“森林浴”，許多人都將大自然視為治愈和個人成長的地方。但問題依然存在。大自然是怎么做到的呢？）可知，文章介紹了接觸大自然的好處：促進身心健康。因此可知，“當我們與自然聯(lián)系時，會發(fā)生什么？”為最佳標題。故選D項。DNashequilibrium(納什均衡)isnamedafterJohnNash,anAmericanmathematician.Itisakindofconcept,whichattemptstodeterminemathematicallyandlogicallytheactionsthatparticipantsofagameshouldtaketosecurethebestoutesforthemselves.Tofinditinagame,onewouldhavetomodelouteachofthepossiblescenariostodeterminetheresultsandthenchoosewhatthemostsatisfactorystrategywouldbe.Inatwopersongame,thiswouldtakeintoconsiderationthepossiblestrategiesthatbothplayerscouldchoose.Ifneitherplayerchangestheirstrategyknowingalloftheinformation,aNashequilibriumhasoccurred.ImagineagamebetweenTomandSam.Inthissimplegame,bothplayerscanchoosestrategyAtoreceive$1,orstrategyBtolose$1.Logically,bothplayerschoosestrategyAandreceiveapayoffof$1.IfyourevealedSam’sstrategytoTomandviceversa(反之亦然),youseethatnoplayer’schoiceisdifferentfromtheoriginalone.Knowingtheotherplayer’smovemeanslittleanddoesn’tchangeeitherplayer’sbehavior.OuteArepresentstheNashequilibrium.Nashequilibriumhelpsaplayerdeterminethebestpayoffinasituationbasedonnotonlytheirdecisionsbutalsothedecisionsofotherpartiesinvolved.Itcanalsobeusedinmanyaspectsoflife,fromeconomicstosocialbehavioralsciences,frombusinessstrategiestoahousesaleandsoon.Unlikedominantstrategy,Nashequilibriumdoesn’talwaysleadtothemostsatisfactoryoute.Inmostcases,suchasinwar,whetherthatisamilitarywarorabiddingwar,anindividualrarelyknowstheopponent’sstrategyorwhattheywanttheoutetobe.Itjustmeansthatanindividualchoosesthebeststrategybasedontheinformationtheyhave.Nashequilibriumcanonlyoccurifaplayerchoosestoremainwiththeircurrentstrategyiftheyknowtheiropponent’sstrategy.Furthermore,inmultiplegamesplayedwiththesameopponents,itdoesnottakeintoconsiderationpastbehavior,whichoftenpredictsfuturebehavior.12.WhichkindofconceptdoesNashequilibriumbelongto?A.Gametheory. B.Secrecystrategies.C.Playerinformation. D.Participationqualifications.13.HowdoestheauthorexplainNashequilibriuminparagraph3?A.Byquotingsayings. B.Bydrawingaparallel.C.Bygivinganillustration. D.Bysummarizingreasons.14.Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytellusaboutNashequilibrium?A.Itselements. B.Itsapplications. C.Itsdrawbacks. D.Itsbackgrounds.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetoNashequilibrium?A.Resistant. B.Objective. C.Confused. D.Curious.【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了納什均衡的概念和應(yīng)用?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Nashequilibrium(納什均衡)isnamedafterJohnNash,anAmericanmathematician.Itisakindofconcept,whichattemptstodeterminemathematicallyandlogicallytheactionsthatparticipantsofagameshouldtaketosecurethebestoutesforthemselves.”（納什均衡是以美國數(shù)學(xué)家約翰·納什的名字命名的。這是一種概念，它試圖從數(shù)學(xué)和邏輯上確定游戲參與者應(yīng)該采取的行動，以確保自己獲得最佳結(jié)果。）可知，納什均衡屬于一種游戲理論概念。故選A項?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“ImagineagamebetweenTomandSam.Inthissimplegame,bothplayerscanchoosestrategyAtoreceive$1,orstrategyBtolose$1.Logically,bothplayerschoosestrategyAandreceiveapayoffof$1.IfyourevealedSam’sstrategytoTomandviceversa(反之亦然),youseethatnoplayer’schoiceisdifferentfromtheoriginalone.Knowingtheotherplayer’smovemeanslittleanddoesn’tchangeeitherplayer’sbehavior.OuteArepresentstheNashequilibrium.”（想象一下湯姆和薩姆之間的一場比賽。在這個簡單的游戲中，雙方玩家都可以選擇策略A獲得1美元，或者選擇策略B損失1美元。邏輯上，雙方都選擇策略A并獲得1美元收益。如果你將Sam的策略透露給Tom，反之亦然，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)沒有玩家的選擇與最初的不同。知道其他玩家的移動并不意味著什么，也不會改變?nèi)魏瓮婕业男袨?。結(jié)果A代表納什均衡。）可推知，作者通過舉例說明解釋第三段中的納什均衡。故選C項?！?4題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Nashequilibriumhelpsaplayerdeterminethebestpayoffinasituationbasedonnotonlytheirdecisionsbutalsothedecisionsofotherpartiesinvolved.Itcanalsobeusedinmanyaspectsoflife,fromeconomicstosocialbehavioralsciences,frombusinessstrategiestoahousesaleandsoon.”（納什均衡幫助玩家在一種情況下確定最佳收益，這種情況不僅基于他們自己的決策，也基于其他參與方的決策。它也可以用于生活的許多方面，從經(jīng)濟學(xué)到社會行為科學(xué)，從商業(yè)策略到房屋銷售等等。）可知，關(guān)于納什均衡，第四段主要告訴了我們它的應(yīng)用。故選B項。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Nashequilibriumhelpsaplayerdeterminethebestpayoffinasituationbasedonnotonlytheirdecisionsbutalsothedecisionsofotherpartiesinvolved.”（納什均衡幫助玩家在一種情況下確定最佳收益，這種情況不僅基于他們自己的決策，也基于其他參與方的決策。）以及第五段中“Unlikedominantstrategy,Nashequilibriumdoesn’talwaysleadtothemostsatisfactoryoute.”（與優(yōu)勢策略不同，納什均衡并不總是導(dǎo)致最令人滿意的結(jié)果。）可知，第四段談到納什均衡幫助玩家在一種情況下確定最佳收益，第五段指出納什均衡并不總是導(dǎo)致最令人滿意的結(jié)果。由此可推知，作者客觀地看待納什均衡。故選B項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題分，滿分分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Indoorplantsareabeautifulwaytobrightenupyourhomeespeciallyinthegraymonthsofwinter.___16___Ifyouhavechildrenorifchildrenvisityourhome,itisimportantthatyouknowwhichplantsarepoisonoustoyoungcurioushumans.Somegardeningexpertsoftenpointouthouseplantsinfriends’homesthatshouldbekeptoutofchildren’smouths.ExpertKaitlynBrownsaidthattheygotanaverageof33,000callsayearfrompeople,whosekidsputdifferentplantsintheirmouths.Thecasesusuallyinvolvechildrenunder3.Theyliketoexploretheirenvironments.___17___Butinsomecases,achild’sbreathing,skinandeyescanbebadlyharmed.ExpertDamianowrotethatsherecentlyvisitedhercousin’shomeandsawaplantinthekitchen.Hercousintoldherthatheryoungson,whohadjustbeguncrawling,hadshowninterestintheleaves.Infact,eatingasmallamountoftheplant’sstemcancausethroatandmouthswelling___18___Soparentsshouldteachtheiryoungchildrennottoputnonfoodplantpartsintotheirmouths.___19___Andtheycanlearntheofficialbotanicalnamesofhouseplantssothattheyareabletoprovidethatinformationquicklytoapoisoncontrolexpert,ifneeded.___20___Spiderplantsareharmlessandarealsoamongtheeasiestindoorplantstogrow.Therearemanyotherplantssuitableforindooruse.Choosetherightones,whichnotonlydecoratethehomebutalsobenefitthehealthofchildren.A.Theyshouldalsoeducatethemselves.B.Buttherecanbeadarksidetohouseplants.C.Theseharmfulplantsaredangerouschoices.D.Notallhouseplantsaretroublesome,ofcourse.E.Indoorenvironmentsimpactchildren’splantpreferences.F.Andtheplant’sliquidcancausenose,skinandeyepain.G.Mostaccidentalexposuresarenotserioustotheagegroup.【答案】16.B17.G18.F19.A20.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要講述了家庭中養(yǎng)植物出現(xiàn)的一些問題，并提出了一些建議?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Indoorplantsareabeautifulwaytobrightenupyourhome,especiallyinthegraymonthsofwinter.(室內(nèi)植物是照亮您家的美麗方式，尤其是在冬季的灰色月份。)”與下文“Ifyouhavechildrenorifchildrenvisityourhome,itisimportantthatyouknowwhichplantsarepoisonoustoyoungcurioushumans.(如果您有孩子或孩子來您家，重要的是要知道哪些植物對年輕好奇的人類有毒。)”可知，空處表示轉(zhuǎn)折，與B項“Buttherecanbeadarksidetohouseplants.(但室內(nèi)植物可能有陰暗面。)”上下文一致，且brightenup與darkside相對應(yīng)，故選B項?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Butinsomecases,achild’sbreathing,skinandeyescanbebadlyharmed.(但在某些情況下，孩子的呼吸、皮膚和眼睛可能會受到嚴重傷害。)”可知，是在講述哈子們把植物放進嘴里后的后果，結(jié)合But可知是與空處轉(zhuǎn)折，與G項“Mostaccidentalexposuresarenotserioustotheagegroup.(大多數(shù)意外暴露對年齡組來說并不嚴重。)”上下文一致，銜接下文，故選G項?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Infact,eatingasmallamountoftheplant’sstemcancausethroatandmouthswelling.(事實上，吃少量的植物莖會導(dǎo)致喉嚨和嘴巴腫脹。)”可知，是在講述植物對孩子們的傷害，與F項“Andtheplant’sliquidcancausenose,skinandeyepain.(植物的液體會引起鼻子、皮膚和眼睛疼痛。)”上下文一致，故選F項。19題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Soparentsshouldteachtheiryoungchildrennottoputnonfoodplantpartsintotheirmouths.(因此，父母應(yīng)該教他們的孩子不要將非食用植物部分放入口中。)”可知，這里是在講述父母應(yīng)該教育孩子的事情，下文列舉了父母該學(xué)習(xí)的內(nèi)容，與A項“Theyshouldalsoeducatethemselves.(他們也應(yīng)該進行自我教育。)”上下文一致，故選A項。【20題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Spiderplantsareharmlessandarealsoamongtheeasiestindoorplantstogrow.(蜘蛛植物是無害的，也是最容易生長的室內(nèi)植物之一。)”可知，蜘蛛苗是無害的，也是最容易在室內(nèi)種植的植物之一，因此這里是在講述不會造成危害的植物，及無害植物的益處，D項“Notallhouseplantsaretroublesome,ofcourse.(當然，并非所有的室內(nèi)植物都很麻煩。)”與上下文一致，且概括了該段主旨，故選D項。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Themostaffectionatememoryofmychildhoodisaboutaroundtable.WhenIwasstilllittle,myentirefamilywould___21___onalmosteverytraditionalfestivaltohavedinner.Whilethe___22___werediscussingsomethingbeyondourprehension,wekidswouldplayhideandseek.Theroundtableisa___23___ofareunionofourfamiliesandan___24___toourfamilies.Butasamatteroffact,inChina,almosteverythingcanbesolvedovera___25___table.Themarriagebellsbetweenalovingcoupleandthe___26___betweenbusinesspartnerscanallhappenonthesameroundtable.___27___,Istarttowonderwhatthisroundtableistous,anditstruesignificancestartsto___28___infrontofme.Thefoodonthetablemay___29___withtime.Thereasonswhyweetogethermaybe___30___,butthesensationbehinditremainsthesame.Andthatisourtoleranceofdifferentpeopleorwillingnessto___31___differentcultures.InlessthantwomonthsbeforetheSpringFestival,a(n)___32___epicmigration:wouldtakeplaceinChina.Thepowerthat___33___ustodosohasbeensustainingChinesecivilizationforthousandsofyears,andeventhehistoryofournationhasbeenthestoriesof___34___orrunningtotheroundtabletowhichwe___35___.TheroundtableisandwillalwaysbeasymboloftheChinesesensation.21.A.imagine B.reunite C.repeat D.flee22.A.strangers B.teachers C.adults D.teenagers23.A.symbol B.schedule C.decoration D.ceremony24.A.argument B.occupation C.operation D.attachment25.A.round B.new C.long D.square26.A.dreams B.negotiations C.secrets D.experiments27.A.Obviously B.Moreover C.Consequently D.Instead28.A.explore B.expand C.clarify D.unfold29.A.keep B.change C.sell D.display30.A.various B.public C.typical D.temporary31.A.switch B.predict C.forbid D.accept32.A.annual B.innovative C.unnecessary D.modern33.Aforces B.assists C.reminds D.drives34.A.caringabout B.lookingfor C.figuringout D.makingup35.A.adapt B.apply C.belong D.turn【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.A26.B27.C28.D29.B30.A31.D32.A33.D34.B35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了“圓桌”對于中國人的意義，它帶給人們歸屬感，是中國情感的象征?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當我還小的時候，幾乎每個傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日我們?nèi)叶紩墼谝黄鸪酝盹?。A.imagine想象；B.reunite團聚；C.repeat重復(fù)；D.flee逃走。根據(jù)下文的“areunionofourfamilies”可知，“我”小的時候，家人在傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日之時常團聚在一起，reunion是提示詞，故選B項?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當大人們在討論一些我們無法理解的事情時，我們這些孩子就會玩捉迷藏。A.strangers陌生人；B.teachers教師；C.adults成年人；D.teenagers青少年。根據(jù)下文的“discussingsomethingbeyondourprehension,wekidswouldplayhideandseek”可知，小孩子在玩捉迷藏，他們無法理解的事情應(yīng)該是成年人談?wù)摰?，故選C項。【23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：圓桌是家人團聚的象征，是對家人的眷戀。A.symbol象征；B.schedule日程表；C.decoration裝飾；D.ceremony儀式。根據(jù)前文的“WhenIwasstilllittle,myentirefamilywould…onalmosteverytraditionalfestivaltohavedinner.”可知，當“我”還小的時候，幾乎每個傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日全家都會聚在一起吃晚飯，說明圓桌是家人團聚的象征，故選A項?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：圓桌是家人團聚的象征，是對家人的眷戀。A.argument爭論；B.occupation職業(yè)；C.operation操作；D.attachment依戀。根據(jù)第一段中“Themostaffectionatememoryofmychildhoodisaboutaroundtable.”可知，“我”童年時代最深情的記憶是與圓桌有關(guān)的，看得出家人對圓桌有依戀之情，故選D項。【25題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但事實上，在中國，幾乎所有問題都可以在圓桌上解決。A.round圓的；B.new新的；C.long長的；D.square正方形的。根據(jù)第一段中“Themostaffectionatememoryofmychildhoodisaboutaroundtable.”和上文“Theroundtableisa2ofareunionofourfamilies”可知，作者說的是圓桌，故選A項。【26題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一對恩愛夫妻的結(jié)婚鐘聲和商業(yè)伙伴之間的協(xié)商都可以在同一張圓桌上發(fā)生。A.dreams夢想；B.negotiations協(xié)商；C.secrets秘密；D.experiments實驗。根據(jù)句中“betweenbusinesspartners”可知，商業(yè)伙伴之間的協(xié)商也能在圓桌上實現(xiàn)，故選B項?！?7題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，我開始想知道這個圓桌對我們來說意味著什么，它的真正意義開始在我面前展開。A.Obviously顯然；B.Moreover此外；C.Consequently因此；D.Instead代替。根據(jù)后文“Istarttowonderwh